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Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Bledsoe, John T, photographer. Little Rock, 1959. Rally at state capitol. 20 Aug. 1959. Retrieved ​ ​ from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/2009632339/>. This is a picture of a rally that took place during the Civil Rights movement. This picture helped my project because it helped show what was going on during the Civil Rights movement, which the Lovings and their case were a part of. “Celebrate.” Celebrate | Loving Day, www.lovingday.org/celebrate.; “About Loving Day.” ​ ​ About Loving Day | Loving Day, www.lovingday.org/about. ​ This website gave a good picture of the volunteers for Loving Day. It will go on to the slider image part of the website on the “Lovings’ Legacy” page. This picture was taken after a CBS news report on Loving Day. This site is reliable because it came from the official Loving Day website. This source also gave a picture to put on the Lovings’ Legacy page on our website. The picture is of people celebrating Loving Day. This picture is important because it shows that no matter what color, people can still get along with each other. This source is reliable because it is from the Loving Day official website. Cohen, Bernard. Interview by Michele Norris. All Things Considered: The Loving Decision 40 ​ Years of Legal Interracial Unions: NPR, 11 June 2007. ​ https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=10889047 This is a news segment by NPR. I used part of an interview that was included in this news segment. This helped the project because it provided Bernard Cohen speaking about how the Lovings reacted to hearing that their case would likely go to the Supreme Court of the United States. “The Crime of Being Married, Life Magazine, 18 March 1966,” Document Bank of Virginia, ​ ​ accessed May 20, 2020, https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/dbva/items/show/171. This is a newspaper article that was published during the Loving v. Virginia case. I used the article that was provided on this page. This helped the project because it provided information that was written about the case while it was happening. Lawrence, Wayne, photographer. Halil Balinci kisses the hand of his bride, Jade Calliste-Edgar, ​ after their wedding on October 6, 2017. 6 Oct. 2017. National Geographic. ​ ​ ​ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/04/interracial-marriage-race-ethnici ty-newlyweds/ This is a picture of an interracial couple who were married 50 years after the Loving v. Virginia case. This picture helped my project by giving an example of an interracial couple today to illustrate that newly married people are happy to be with each other regardless of their race. Leffler, Warren K, photographer. Civil rights march on Washington, D.C. / WKL. 28 Aug. 1963. ​ ​ Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/2003654393/>. This is a picture of a civil rights march in Washington D.C. that took place during the Civil Rights movement. This picture helped my project because it helped show what was going on during the Civil Rights movement, which the Lovings and their case were a part of. Loving v. Virginia, 388 U. S. 1 (1967) ​ ​ ​ This is the Loving vs. Virginia case itself. I used some of the oral arguments from the case. This argument was useful to the project because it provided first-hand opinions from the Lovings’ lawyers as well as the lawyers that were against the Lovings and the U.S. Supreme Court Judges. Miller, Francis, photographer. The Lovings celebrate Supreme Court victory. 12 June 1967. ​ ​ Retrieved from Encyclopedia Virginia. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/media_player?mets_filename=evm00001028mets. xml This is a picture of the Lovings celebrating their victory. This was helpful to my project because it showed the pure joy and sense of relief that the Lovings experienced after winning a long battle. “Miscegenation Laws.” Sharetngov, ​ ​ sharetngov.tnsosfiles.com/tsla/exhibits/blackhistory/pdfs/Miscegenation%20laws.pdf. This is a pdf that tells the dates of when each state with a history of anti-miscegenation laws repealed those laws. It also tells of how certain terms used to represent different “degrees of blackness” and features a newspaper article from 1963 about civil rights and interracial marriage from North Carolina. This document was helpful because it gave me a long and significant list of the states and when they repealed their anti-miscegenation laws. Mom, et al. “Loving Day Celebration, NYC.” Girl Gone Travel, 3 June 2014, ​ ​ girlgonetravel.com/2009/06/08/loving-day-celebration-nyc/. This website gave me a picture of a Loving Day celebration in June of 2009. The picture showed a lot of detail about what goes on at an average Loving Day celebration. There is a lot of food and people of different races together, getting along. This website is a blog post from a person that went to a Loving Day celebration and provided pictures. Sherman, Mark and Karen. Personal Interview. 8 February 2020. This was a personal interview of Mark and Karen Sherman, an interracial couple. I used some pieces of this interview on the website. This was useful to the project because it provided first-hand examples and experiences of an interracial couple from today. Sherman, Mark, photographer. Mark and Karen Sherman with their son, Nathan. 12 Aug. 2019. ​ ​ Courtesy of Mark and Karen Sherman. This was a picture that was sent to me by Mark and Karen Sherman, an interracial couple. I used this picture to put beside the pieces of their interview. This was useful to the project because it put faces to the names of the people that shared their experiences in the interview. U.S. Constitution. Amend. XIV, Sec. 1. ​ I used this portion of the U.S. Constitution to clarify the basis of the trial because the Lovings argued that the state of Virginia violated this section in arresting Mildred and Richard. The Loving v. Virginia case proved that the state of Virginia violated this section of the U.S. Constitution. “U.S. Reports: Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967).” The Library of Congress, ​ ​ https://www.loc.gov/item/usrep388001/. This document was original documentation of the court’s opinion during the Lovings’ trial with the U.S. Supreme Court. It helped our project because it provided opinions from the court. This document also provided me with the Lovings’ charges. It referenced many other cases that were important to the Civil Rights Movement. It also showed the part of the Code of Virginia that the Lovings violated and the part of the U.S. Constitution that the state of Virginia violated. Va. Code Ann. § 20-58 and § 20-59 1950 This is a part of the Code of Virginia, 1950. The Lovings violated this part of the Code of Virginia when they came back to Virginia and lived there as a married couple. This part of the Code of Virginia was found to be unconstitutional. Villet, Grey, photographer. Mildred and Richard Loving, King and Queen County, Virginia in ​ April 1965; Mildred and Richard Loving laughing and watching television in their living room, King and Queen County, Virginia, April 1965; and The Lovings meet with ​ ​ their attorneys, 1965. Retrieved from Monroe Gallery. ​ http://www.monroegallery.com/photographers/detail/id/1437 This is a collection of four pictures of Mildred and Richard Loving. The first photograph of Mildred and Richard smiling and looking at each other will go on our homepage. This photograph helps the project because it introduces Mildred and Richard Loving’s faces. The photograph of Mildred and Richard Loving laughing together helps the project because it shows that Richard and Mildred Loving were truly happy to be together regardless of the circumstances they were in. The photograph of the Lovings meeting with their lawyers, Bernard Cohen and Philip Kirschkop helps the project because it shows two of the people who helped the Lovings in their fight. Villet, Grey, photographer. Peggy, Sidney, and Donald Loving playing, King and Queen County, ​ Virginia], April 1965. © Estate of Grey Villet. April 1965. Retrieved from the ​ International Center of Photography. https://www.icp.org/exhibitions/the-loving-story-photographs-by-grey-villet This is a photograph of the Lovings’ children, Peggy, Sidney, and Donald. This picture helps the project because it shows the Lovings’ children, which were a very important part of their life and relationship. Secondary Sources Abbott, Geoffrey. “Lynching.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 13 ​ ​ Aug. 2019, www.britannica.com/topic/lynching. This is a dictionary website that gave me an explanation and better understanding of that lynching is. I was able to use this information in my website article, which will forward that understanding to the readers, being that the history of lynching is significant when researching this topic. Aclu. “Loving.” American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil Liberties Union, 14 ​ ​ June 2013, www.aclu.org/issues/racial-justice/loving. This is a university website that holds many facts. For example, Mildred Loving’s maiden name was Jeter, Richard was her “childhood sweetheart,” they were married in Washington D.C., and there is a film called Loving that tells their story. This source ​ ​ helped my project because I was able to use Mildred’s maiden name and the fact that Richard was her childhood sweetheart in my article. Alko, Selina, and Sean Qualls. The Case for Loving: the Fight for Interracial Marriage. ​ ​ Arthur A. Levine Books, an Imprint of Scholastic Inc., 2015. This book gave a detailed look into their personal lives and the dates of when those events happen. This source helped my project by giving more information about their personal lives. “Anti-Miscegenation Laws in the United States.” Scholarship.law.dke.edu, ​ ​ scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1544&context=dlj This is a pdf/document that showcases and explains the combinations of races that were able to marry, the states anti-miscegenation laws were in, and how much of a certain race one was, which determined if they could marry whites or not.
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