Making Faces
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The Muscular System Views
1 PRE-LAB EXERCISES Before coming to lab, get familiar with a few muscle groups we’ll be exploring during lab. Using Visible Body’s Human Anatomy Atlas, go to the Views section. Under Systems, scroll down to the Muscular System views. Select the view Expression and find the following muscles. When you select a muscle, note the book icon in the content box. Selecting this icon allows you to read the muscle’s definition. 1. Occipitofrontalis (epicranius) 2. Orbicularis oculi 3. Orbicularis oris 4. Nasalis 5. Zygomaticus major Return to Muscular System views, select the view Head Rotation and find the following muscles. 1. Sternocleidomastoid 2. Scalene group (anterior, middle, posterior) 2 IN-LAB EXERCISES Use the following modules to guide your exploration of the head and neck region of the muscular system. As you explore the modules, locate the muscles on any charts, models, or specimen available. Please note that these muscles act on the head and neck – those that are located in the neck but act on the back are in a separate section. When reviewing the action of a muscle, it will be helpful to think about where the muscle is located and where the insertion is. Muscle physiology requires that a muscle will “pull” instead of “push” during contraction, and the insertion is the part that will move. Imagine that the muscle is “pulling” on the bone or tissue it is attached to at the insertion. Access 3D views and animated muscle actions in Visible Body’s Human Anatomy Atlas, which will be especially helpful to visualize muscle actions. -
Questions on Human Anatomy
Standard Medical Text-books. ROBERTS’ PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. The Theory and Practice of Medicine. By Frederick T. Roberts, m.d. Third edi- tion. Octavo. Price, cloth, $6.00; leather, $7.00 Recommended at University of Pennsylvania. Long Island College Hospital, Yale and Harvard Colleges, Bishop’s College, Montreal; Uni- versity of Michigan, and over twenty other medical schools. MEIGS & PEPPER ON CHILDREN. A Practical Treatise on Diseases of Children. By J. Forsyth Meigs, m.d., and William Pepper, m.d. 7th edition. 8vo. Price, cloth, $6.00; leather, $7.00 Recommended at thirty-five of the principal medical colleges in the United States, including Bellevue Hospital, New York, University of Pennsylvania, and Long Island College Hospital. BIDDLE’S MATERIA MEDICA. Materia Medica, for the Use of Students and Physicians. By the late Prof. John B Biddle, m.d., Professor of Materia Medica in Jefferson Medical College, Phila- delphia. The Eighth edition. Octavo. Price, cloth, $4.00 Recommended in colleges in all parts of the UnitedStates. BYFORD ON WOMEN. The Diseases and Accidents Incident to Women. By Wm. H. Byford, m.d., Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children in the Chicago Medical College. Third edition, revised. 164 illus. Price, cloth, $5.00; leather, $6.00 “ Being particularly of use where questions of etiology and general treatment are concerned.”—American Journal of Obstetrics. CAZEAUX’S GREAT WORK ON OBSTETRICS. A practical Text-book on Midwifery. The most complete book now before the profession. Sixth edition, illus. Price, cloth, $6.00 ; leather, $7.00 Recommended at nearly fifty medical schools in the United States. -
The Articulatory System Chapter 6 Speech Science/ COMD 6305 UTD/ Callier Center William F. Katz, Ph.D
The articulatory system Chapter 6 Speech Science/ COMD 6305 UTD/ Callier Center William F. Katz, Ph.D. STRUCTURE/FUNCTION VOCAL TRACT CLASSIFICATION OF CONSONANTS AND VOWELS MORE ON RESONANCE ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS/ SPECTROGRAMS SUPRSEGMENTALS, COARTICULATION 1 Midsagittal dissection From Kent, 1997 2 Oral Cavity 3 Oral Structures – continued • Moistened by saliva • Lined by mucosa • Saliva affected by meds 4 Tonsils • PALATINE* (laterally – seen in oral periph • LINGUAL (inf.- root of tongue) • ADENOIDS (sup.) [= pharyngeal] • Palatine, lingual tonsils are larger in children • *removed in tonsillectomy 5 Adenoid Facies • Enlargement from infection may cause problems (adenoid facies) • Can cause problems with nasal sounds or voicing • Adenoidectomy; also tonsillectomy (for palatine tonsils) 6 Adenoid faces (example) 7 Oral structures - frenulum Important component of oral periphery exam Lingual frenomy – for ankyloglossia “tongue-tie” Some doctors will snip for infants, but often will loosen by itself 8 Hard Palate Much variability in palate shape and height Very high vault 9 Teeth 10 Dentition - details Primary (deciduous, milk teeth) Secondary (permanent) n=20: n=32: ◦ 2 incisor ◦ 4 incisor ◦ 1 canine ◦ 2 canine ◦ 2 molar ◦ 4 premolar (bicuspid) Just for “fun” – baby ◦ 6 molar teeth pushing in! NOTE: x 2 for upper and lower 11 Types of malocclusion • Angle’s classification: • I, II, III • Also, individual teeth can be misaligned (e.g. labioversion) Also “Neutrocclusion/ distocclusion/mesiocclusion” 12 Dental Occlusion –continued Other terminology 13 Mandible Action • Primary movements are elevation and depression • Also…. protrusion/retraction • Lateral grinding motion 14 Muscles of Jaw Elevation Like alligators, we are much stronger at jaw elevation (closing to head) than depression 15 Jaw Muscles ELEVATORS DEPRESSORS •Temporalis ✓ •Mylohyoid ✓ •Masseter ✓ •Geniohyoid✓ •Internal (medial) Pterygoid ✓ •Anterior belly of the digastric (- Kent) •Masseter and IP part of “mandibular sling” •External (lateral) pterygoid(?)-- also protrudes and rocks side to side. -
Yagenich L.V., Kirillova I.I., Siritsa Ye.A. Latin and Main Principals Of
Yagenich L.V., Kirillova I.I., Siritsa Ye.A. Latin and main principals of anatomical, pharmaceutical and clinical terminology (Student's book) Simferopol, 2017 Contents No. Topics Page 1. UNIT I. Latin language history. Phonetics. Alphabet. Vowels and consonants classification. Diphthongs. Digraphs. Letter combinations. 4-13 Syllable shortness and longitude. Stress rules. 2. UNIT II. Grammatical noun categories, declension characteristics, noun 14-25 dictionary forms, determination of the noun stems, nominative and genitive cases and their significance in terms formation. I-st noun declension. 3. UNIT III. Adjectives and its grammatical categories. Classes of adjectives. Adjective entries in dictionaries. Adjectives of the I-st group. Gender 26-36 endings, stem-determining. 4. UNIT IV. Adjectives of the 2-nd group. Morphological characteristics of two- and multi-word anatomical terms. Syntax of two- and multi-word 37-49 anatomical terms. Nouns of the 2nd declension 5. UNIT V. General characteristic of the nouns of the 3rd declension. Parisyllabic and imparisyllabic nouns. Types of stems of the nouns of the 50-58 3rd declension and their peculiarities. 3rd declension nouns in combination with agreed and non-agreed attributes 6. UNIT VI. Peculiarities of 3rd declension nouns of masculine, feminine and neuter genders. Muscle names referring to their functions. Exceptions to the 59-71 gender rule of 3rd declension nouns for all three genders 7. UNIT VII. 1st, 2nd and 3rd declension nouns in combination with II class adjectives. Present Participle and its declension. Anatomical terms 72-81 consisting of nouns and participles 8. UNIT VIII. Nouns of the 4th and 5th declensions and their combination with 82-89 adjectives 9. -
Chin Ptosis: Classification, Anatomy, and Correction/Garfein, Zide 3
Chin Ptosis: Classification, Anatomy, and Correction Evan S. Garfein, M.D.,1 and Barry M. Zide, D.M.D., M.D.1 ABSTRACT For years, the notion of chin ptosis was somehow integrated with the concept of witch’s chin. That was a mistake on many levels because chin droop has four major causes, all different and with some overlap. With this article, the surgeon can quickly diagnose which type and which therapeutic modality would work best. In some cases the problem is a simple fix, in others the droop can only be stabilized, and in the final two, definite corrective procedures are available. Of note, in certain situations two types of chin ptosis may overlap because both the patient and the surgeon may each contribute to the problems. For example, in dynamic ptosis, a droop that occurs with smile in the unoperated patient can be exacerbated and further produced by certain surgical methods also. This paper classifies the variations of the problems and explains the anatomy with the final emphasis on long-term surgical correction, well described herein. This article is the ninth on this subject and a review of them all would be helpful (greatly) for understanding the enigmas of the lower face. KEYWORDS: Lip incompetence, chin ptosis, witch’s chin, chin droop, mentalis muscle All chin ptosis patients are not alike. The abnormal anatomy, diagnosis, and management of the proper diagnosis of the type of chin ptosis places the four types of chin ptosis, as well as how to manage patient into one of four categories, which will deter- dynamic ptosis in the presence of other problems— mine who can and who cannot be helped and by which surgeon-caused or not. -
Appendix B: Muscles of the Speech Production Mechanism
Appendix B: Muscles of the Speech Production Mechanism I. MUSCLES OF RESPIRATION A. MUSCLES OF INHALATION (muscles that enlarge the thoracic cavity) 1. Diaphragm Attachments: The diaphragm originates in a number of places: the lower tip of the sternum; the first 3 or 4 lumbar vertebrae and the lower borders and inner surfaces of the cartilages of ribs 7 - 12. All fibers insert into a central tendon (aponeurosis of the diaphragm). Function: Contraction of the diaphragm draws the central tendon down and forward, which enlarges the thoracic cavity vertically. It can also elevate to some extent the lower ribs. The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominal cavities. 2. External Intercostals Attachments: The external intercostals run from the lip on the lower border of each rib inferiorly and medially to the upper border of the rib immediately below. Function: These muscles may have several functions. They serve to strengthen the thoracic wall so that it doesn't bulge between the ribs. They provide a checking action to counteract relaxation pressure. Because of the direction of attachment of their fibers, the external intercostals can raise the thoracic cage for inhalation. 3. Pectoralis Major Attachments: This muscle attaches on the anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle, the sternum and costal cartilages 1-6 or 7. All fibers come together and insert at the greater tubercle of the humerus. Function: Pectoralis major is primarily an abductor of the arm. It can, however, serve as a supplemental (or compensatory) muscle of inhalation, raising the rib cage and sternum. (In other words, breathing by raising and lowering the arms!) It is mentioned here chiefly because it is encountered in the dissection. -
![Anatomy of the Face] 2018-2019](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/5898/anatomy-of-the-face-2018-2019-1375898.webp)
Anatomy of the Face] 2018-2019
By Dr. Hassna B. Jawad [ANATOMY OF THE FACE] 2018-2019 Objective : At the end of this lecture you should be able to : 1. Identify the extent of the face. 2. Enlist the layers of the face and recognize their importance 3. Recognize the groups of the muscles of facial expression its origin ,insertion and function 4. Test the muscle of facial expression clinically 5. Discuss some clinical notes regarding the face Extends from lower border of mandible to the hair line (forehead is common for face and scalp) and laterally to the ear auricle Layers Of the Face 1.SKIN The face has elastic and vascular skin. The skin of the face has large number of sweat and sebaceous glands. The sebaceous glands keep the face greasy by their secretion and sweat glands help modulate the body temperature *Applied Anatomy :Face is also the common site for acne as a result of presence of large number of sebaceous glands in this region. 2. SUPERFICIAL FASIA It includes muscles of facial expression, vessels and nerves and varying amount of fat. The fat is absent in the eyelids but is well grown in cheeks creating buccal pad of fat, which gives rounded contour to cheeks. 3. DEEP FASCIA The deep fascia is absent in the region of face with the exception of over the parotid gland and masseter muscle that are covered by parotidomasseteric fascia. The absence of deep fascia in the face is important for the facial expression. The majority of them originate from bones of the skull and are added into the skin. -
Understanding the Perioral Anatomy
2.0 ANCC CE Contact Hours Understanding the Perioral Anatomy Tracey A. Hotta , RN, BScN, CPSN, CANS gently infl ate and cause lip eversion. Injection into Rejuvenation of the perioral region can be very challenging the lateral upper lip border should be done to avoid because of the many factors that affect the appearance the fade-away lip. The client may also require injec- of this area, such as repeated muscle movement caus- tions into the vermillion border to further highlight ing radial lip lines, loss of the maxillary and mandibular or defi ne the lip. The injections may be performed bony support, and decrease and descent of the adipose by linear threading (needle or cannula) or serial tissue causing the formation of “jowls.” Environmental puncture, depending on the preferred technique of issues must also be addressed, such as smoking, sun the provider. damage, and poor dental health. When assessing a client Group 2—Atrophic lips ( Figure 2 ): These clients have for perioral rejuvenation, it is critical that the provider un- atrophic lips, which may be due to aging or genetics, derstands the perioral anatomy so that high-risk areas may and are seeking augmentation to make them look be identifi ed and precautions are taken to prevent serious more youthful. After an assessment and counseling adverse events from occurring. as to the limitations that may be achieved, a treat- ment plan is established. The treatment would begin he lips function to provide the ability to eat, speak, with injection into the wet–dry junction to achieve and express emotion and, as a sensory organ, to desired volume; additional injections may be per- T symbolize sensuality and sexuality. -
The Latin Language and Medical Terminology. Histological Terminology
T. Titiyevska, O. Gordiyenko, A. Kulichenko, T. Gromokovska, O. Pashko THE LATIN LANGUAGE AND MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY. HISTOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY TRAINING MANUAL FOR SELF-STUDY for the First-Year Students of the Medical Faculties with the English Medium of Instruction (Specialty 222 “General Medicine”) Zaporizhzhia 2019 1 ZAPORIZHZHIA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF HISTOLOGY, CYTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY T. Titiyevska, O. Gordiyenko, A. Kulichenko, T. Gromokovska, O. Pashko THE LATIN LANGUAGE AND MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY. HISTOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY TRAINING MANUAL FOR SELF-STUDY for the First-Year Students of the Medical Faculties with the English Medium of Instruction (Specialty 222 “General Medicine”) Zaporizhzhia 2019 2 UDC 811.124:[001.4:611.018](075.8) L36 A training manual is approved and recommended for using in learning process by the Central Methodical Commission of Zaporizhzhia State Medical University (record # 5 from May, 23, 2019). Reviewers: A. Svitlytsky, PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Human Anatomy, Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University. R. Shramko, PhD (Philology), Associate Professor, Department of English and German Philology, Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University. Authors: T. Titiyevska, Senior Lecturer, Department of Foreign Languages, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University. O. Gordiyenko, PhD (Philology), Associate Professor, Department of Foreign Languages, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University. A. Kulichenko, PhD -
The Muscular System Text © the Mcgraw−Hill Physiology: the Unity of Companies, 2003 Form and Function, Third Edition
Saladin: Anatomy & 10. The Muscular System Text © The McGraw−Hill Physiology: The Unity of Companies, 2003 Form and Function, Third Edition CHAPTER 10 The Muscular System Muscles of the thigh to upper calf (MRI) CHAPTER OUTLINE The Structural and Functional Organization of Muscles Acting on the Shoulder and Upper Muscles 326 Limb 352 INSIGHTS • The Functions of Muscles 326 • Muscles Acting on the Scapula 352 • Connective Tissues of a Muscle 326 • Muscles Acting on the Humerus 356 10.1 Medical History: Discovery of a • General Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles 328 • Muscles Acting on the Forearm 357 New Muscle 342 • Coordinated Action of Muscle Groups 328 • Muscles Acting on the Wrist and Hand 361 10.2 Clinical Application: Heavy Lifting • Intrinsic and Extrinsic Muscles 329 and Back Injuries 349 • Muscle Innervation 329 Muscles Acting on the Hip and Lower 10.3 Clinical Application: Hernias 351 • How Muscles Are Named 330 Limb 369 10.4 Clinical Application: Carpal • A Learning Strategy 330 • Muscles Acting on the Hip and Femur 369 Tunnel Syndrome 365 • Muscles Acting on the Knee 373 10.5 Clinical Application: Muscles of the Head and Neck 330 • Muscles Acting on the Foot 374 Intramuscular Injections 366 • Muscles of Facial Expression 330 10.6 Clinical Application: Athletic Connective Issues 387 • Muscles of Chewing and Swallowing 335 Injuries 386 • Muscles Acting on the Head 343 Chapter Review 388 Muscles of the Trunk 345 • Muscles of Respiration 345 • Muscles of the Abdomen 346 • Muscles of the Back 347 • Muscles of the Pelvic Floor 350 Brushing Up To understand this chapter, it is important that you understand or brush up on the following concepts: • Gross anatomy of the skeleton (chapter 8) • Movements of synovial joints (pp. -
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
PRINCIPLES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Tenth Edition Volume 2 Support and Movement of the Human Body Gerard J. Tortora Bergen Community College Sandra Reynolds Grabowski Purdue University John WiIey & Sons, Inc. .... , " '.. j' .. I' Brief Table of Contents ! jl : I1 11 , n il Preface IV Acknowledgements XVI To the Student XVIII Unit 1 Chapter 1 An Introduction to the Human Body 1 Organization of 2 The Chemical Level of Organization 26 the Human Body 3 The Cellular Level of Organization 59 4 The Tissue Level of Organization 103 5 The Integumentary System 139 Unit2 Chapter 6 The .Skeletal System: BoneTissue 161 Principles of Support 7 The Skeletal System:The Axial.Skeleton 185 and Movement 8 The Skeletal System:The Appendicular Skeleton 218 9 Joints 243 10 Muscle Tisuue .273 11 The Muscular System 308 Unit3 Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue 385 Control Systems of 13 The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves 419 the Human Body 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves 451 15 Sensory, Motor and Integrative Systems 498 16 The Special Senses 526 17 The Autonomic Nervous System 565 18 The Endocrine System 586 Unit4 Chapter 19 The Cardiovascular System: The Blood 633 Maintenance of 20 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart 659 I the Human Body 21 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics 696 22 The Lymphatic and Immune System and Resistance to Disease 764 - I 23 The Respiratory System 805 24 The Digestive System 851 25 Metabolism 906 26 The Urinary System 948 27 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis 991 Unit 5 Chapter 28 The Reproductive Systems 1011 -
Human Anatomy
A QUICK LOOK INTO HUMAN ANATOMY VP. KALANJATI VP. KALANJATI, FN. ARDHANA, WM. HENDRATA (EDS) PUBLISHER: PUSTAKA SAGA ISBN. ........................... 1 PREFACE BISMILLAHIRRAHMAANIRRAHIIM, IN THIS BOOK, SEVERAL TOPICS ARE ADDED TO IMPROVE THE CONTENT. WHILST STUDENTS OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES SEEK TO UNDERSTAND THE ESSENTIAL OF HUMAN ANATOMY WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS TO THE CLINICAL RELEVANCE. THIS BOOK IS AIMED TO ACHIEVE THIS GOAL BY PROVIDING A SIMPLE YET COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE BOOK USING BOTH ENGLISH AND LATIN TERMS. EACH CHAPTER IS COMPLETED WITH ACTIVITY, OBJECTIVE AND TASK FOR STUDENTS. IN THE END OF THIS BOOK, GLOSSARY AND INDEX ARE PROVIDED. POSITIVE COMMENT AND SUPPORT ARE WELCOME FOR BETTER EDITION IN THE FUTURE. SURABAYA, 2019 VP. KALANJATI Dedicated to all Soeronto, Raihan and Kalanjati. 2 CONTENT: PAGE COVER PREFACE CHAPTER: 1. UPPER LIMB 4 2. LOWER LIMB 18 3. THORAX 30 4. ABDOMEN 40 5. PELVIS AND PERINEUM 50 6. HEAD AND NECK 62 7. NEUROANATOMY 93 8. BACK 114 REFERENCES 119 ABBREVIATIONS 120 GLOSSARY 121 INDEX 128 3 CHAPTER 1 UPPER LIMB UPPER LIMB ACTIVITY: IN THIS CHAPTER, STUDENTS LEARN ABOUT THE STRUCTURES OF THE UPPER LIMB INCLUDING THE BONES, SOFT TISSUE, VESSELS, NERVES AND THE CONTENT OF SPECIFIC AREAS. THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF SOME STRUCTURES ARE COVERED TO RELATE MORE TO THE CLINICAL PURPOSES. OBJECTIVE: UPON COMPLETING THIS CHAPTER, STUDENTS UNDERSTAND ABOUT THE ANATOMY OF HUMAN’S UPPER LIMB PER REGION I.E. SHOULDER, ARM, FOREARM AND HAND. 4 TASK FOR STUDENTS! 1. DRAW A COMPLETE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PLEXUS BRACHIALIS AND ITS BRANCHES! 2. DRAW A COMPLETE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE VASCULARISATION IN THE UPPER LIMB! 5 1.