Papers of the Nixon White House

A Guide to the Microfiche Edition of

RESEARCH COLLECTIONS IN AMERICAN POLITICS William Leuchtenburg General Editor PAPERS OF THE NIXON WHITE HOUSE

Joan Hoff-Wilson Series Editor

Parti. Official Inventories of Papers and Other Historical Materials of the Nixon White House

Project Coordinator Paul Kesaris

A microfiche project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA, INC. 44 North Market Street • Frederick, MD 21701 9

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Papers of the Nixon White House [microform]. (Research collections in American politics) Accompanied by a printed reel guide, compiled by Maria A. Schlesinger. Includes indexes. Contents: pt. 1. Official inventories of papers and other historical materials of the Nixon White House• pt. 2. The President's meeting file, 1969-1974. 1. United States•Politics and government•1969-1974- Sources. 2. Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913- •Archives. I. Hoff-Wilson, Joan, 1937- II. Kesaris, Paul. III. Schlesinger, Maria A., 1965- IV. United States. President (1969-1974 : Nixon) V. University Publications of America, Inc. VI. Series. [E855] 973.924,092,4 87-33984 ISBN 1-55655-027-8 (microfiche : v. 1) ISBN 1-55655-028-6 (guide : v. 1)

Note on Sources viii

Editorial Note viii

General Introduction ¡x

Explanation of Fiche Index xv

Fiche Index

WHITE HOUSE CENTRAL FILES Explanation of White House Central Files 1 Subject Files 3 Fiche #1.LAG AG (Agriculture) 3 Fiche #1.1.AR AR (Arts) 5 Fiche #1.1.AT AT (Atomic Energy) 6 Fiche #1.1.BE BE (Business-Economics) 7 Fiche #1.1.CA CA (Civil Aviation) 11 Fiche #1.1.CM CM (Commodities) 13 Fiche #1.1. DI DI (Disasters) 15 Fiche #1.1.ED ED (Education) 18 Fiche #1.1. FE FE (Federal Government) 20 Fiche #1.1.FG 6-4 FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council) 23 Fiche #1.1.FG 6-9 FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology) 23 Fiche #1.1.FG 12 FG 12 (Department of Treasury) 24 Fiche #1.1.FG 19-9 FG 19-9 (Bureau of Indian Affairs) 27 Fiche #1.1.FG 30-46 FG 30-46 (Federal Government file numbers 30 through 46 comprising files on Legislative Branch subjects) 27 Fiche #1.1.FG 23 FG 23 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare) 33 Fiche #1.1.FG 51 FG 51 (Supreme Court of the United States) 34 Fiche #1.1.FG 119 FG 119 (Federal Council for Science and Technology) 35 Fiche #1.1.FG 142 FG 142 (Indian Claims Commission) 36 Fiche #1.1.FG 152 FG 152 (National Academy of Sciences) '.! 36 Fiche #1.1.FG 164 FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 37 Fiche #1.1.FG 182 FG 182 (National Science Foundation) 38 Fiche #1.1.FG 209 FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee) 39 Fiche #1.1.FG 221 FG 221 (Task Forces) 40 Fiche #1.1.FG 238 FG 238 (Cabinet Committee on Economic Policy) 41 Fiche #1.1. FG 250 FG 250 (The President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization) 42 Fiche #1.1.HE HE (Health) 43 Fiche #1.1.HI HI (Highways-Bridges) 44 Fiche #1.1.HO HO (Holidays) 44 Fiche #1.1.HS HS (Housing) 45 Fiche #1.1.HU HU (Human Rights) 46 Fiche #1.1.IM IM (Immigration-Naturalization) 47 Fiche #1.1.IN IN (Indian Affairs) 48 Fiche #1.1. JL JO (Judicial-Legal Matters) 48 Fiche #1.1.LA LA (Labor-Management Relations) 50 Fiche #1.1.LE LE (Legislation) 52 Fiche #1.1.LG LG (Local Governments) 53 Fiche #1.1.NR NR (Natural Resources) 53 Fiche #1.1 .OS OS (Outer Space) 55 Fiche #1.1.PA PA (Parks-Monuments) 57 Fiche #1.1.PC PC (Peace) 58 Fiche #1.1.RE RE (Recreation-Sports) 59

iv Fiche #1.1.RM RM (Religious Matters) 59 Fiche #1.1.SA SA (Safety) 59 Fiche #1.1.SC SC (Sciences) 60 Fiche #1.1.TA TA (Trade) 64 Fiche #1.1. TN TN (Transportation) '•.... 66 Fiche #1.1.UT UT (Utilities) 67

WHITE HOUSE CENTRAL FILES cont. Staff Member and Office Files 69 Fiche #1.2.CLAP Charles L. Clapp 69 Fiche #1.2.DAVI Edward E. David, Jr , 71 Fiche #1.2.0PPA Office of Presidential Papers and Archives 72 Fiche #1.2.PACE President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization 73 Fiche #1.2.WHIT The John C. Whitaker File Group (John C. Whitaker, Richard M. Fairbanks III, L. Edwin Coate) 74

WHITE HOUSE SPECIAL FILES Explanation of White House Special Files 77 President's Office Files 79 Fiche #2.1.POF The President's Office Files 79 Fiche #2.1.PPF The President's Personal File 80 Staff Member and Office Files 81 Fiche #2.2.BARK Desmond J. Barker, Jr., Special Assistant to the President 81 Fiche #2.2.BROW John R. Brown III, White House Staff Assistant 82 Fiche #2.2.BUCH Patrick J. Buchanan 82 Fiche #2.2.BULL Stephen B. Bull, Special Assistant to the President and Appointment Secretary 83 Fiche #2.2.BUTT Alexander P. Butterfield, Deputy Assistant to the President 84 Fiche #2.2.BUZH J. Fred Buzhardt 84 Fiche #2.2.CHAP Dwight L. Chapin, Deputy Assistant to the President 85 Fiche #2.2.COLS Charles W. Colson, Special Files Materials 86 Fiche #2.2.DEAN John W. Dean III 87 Fiche #2.2.DENT Harry S. Dent, Special Counsel to the President 89 Fiche #2.2.EHRL John D. Ehrlichman 90 Fiche #2.2.FARR Michael J. Farrell, Special Assistant to the President, Office of White House Visitors 91 Fiche #2.2.FLAN Peter M. Flanigan, Assistant to the President ' 91 Fiche #2.2.GERG David R. Gergen, Staff Assistant to the President 92 Fiche #2.2.HAIG General Alexander M. Haig, Jr.: 93 Fiche #2.2.HALD Harry R. Haldeman, Assistant to the President 94 Fiche #2.2.HARP Edwin L. Harper, Special Assistant to the President and Assistant Director, Domestic Council 96 Fiche #2.2.HOOP David C. Hoopes 96 Fiche #2.2.HOWA W. Richard Howard, Staff Assistant to Charles W. Colson 96 Fiche #2.2.KHAC Kenneth L. Khachigian, Staff Assistant to Herbert G. Klein, Staff Assistant to the President, and Deputy Special Assistant to the President 97 Fiche #2.2.KLEI Herbert G. Klein, Director of Communications for the Executive Branch 98 Fiche #2.2.KORO Tom C. Korologos, Deputy Assistant to the President 99 Fiche #2.2.KROG Egil Krogh, Jr 99 Fiche #2.2.MALE Frederic V. Malek, White House Special Assistant for Personnel 100 Fiche #2.2.MILL Peter E. Millspaugh, Deputy Special Assistant to the President 101 Fiche #2.2.0DON Terrence O'Donnell, Deputy Special Assistant, Appearance and Scheduling 101 Fiche #2.2.PETE Peter G. Peterson, Executive Director, Council on International Economic Policy 102 Fiche #2.2.SCAL John A. Scali, Special Consultant to the President 103 Fiche #2.2.SHEP Geoffrey C. Shepard, Associate Director, Domestic Council 104 Fiche #2.2.SLOA Hugh W. Sloan, Jr., Staff Assistant to the President 104 Fiche #2.2.SPFU The Special Files Unit•Special Staff Files 105 Fiche #2.2.STAT The Office of Staff Secretary 105 Fiche #2.2.STRA Gordon C. Strachan 107 Fiche #2.2.TUFA Richard C. Tufaro, Staff Assistant to the Domestic Council 108

VI Fiche #2.2.WARR Gerald L. Warren, Deputy Press Secretary 109 Fiche #2.2.WHEL J. Bruce Whelihan, Staff Assistant, White House Press Office, Special Files Materials 109 Fiche #2.2.WHIT White House Special Files, Administrative Files 110 Fiche #2.2.WILS David G. Wilson, Special Counsel to the President 110 Fiche #2.2.YOUN David R. Young, Jr 111 Fiche #2.2.ZIEG Ronald L. Ziegler, White House Press Secretary 112 White House Central Files 113 Fiche #2.3.WHCF White House Central Files, 1969-1974 113

Appendix I (Nixon Presidential Materials Project) 115

Appendix II (The White House Filing Manual) 125

Appendix III (Affidavit of William F. Matthews) 147

Appendix IV (Security of Presidential Papers) 151

Appendix V (Affidavit of Gertrude Fry) 153

Subject Index . 155

VII NOTE ON SOURCES

The documents in this collection are from the Nixon Presidential Materials Project, National Archives and Records Administration, located in Alexandria, Virginia. EDITORIAL NOTE

Part 1 of the Papers of the Nixon White Housecollects in one publication the finding aids to all of the Nixon presidential files that are currently opened to the public. These official inventories provide an excellent introduction and overview to the millions of pages of newly released documents from the Nixon Presidential Materials Project. The Nixon Presidential Materials Project, a part of the National Archives and Records Administration's Office of Presidential Libraries, is the custodian of the historical materials of the Nixon administration. The holdings include the textual records (approximately 40 million pages), the audiovisual records (500,000 photographs, 4,000 videotapes, 4,400 audiotapes, 950 White House tapes, and 1 million feet of motion picture film), and more than 30,000 gift items. (See Appendix I for the complete list of textual materials held by the Nixon Project.) University Publications of America (UPA) has reproduced in this microfiche publication all of the official inventories to the textual records that were available for public research by October 1987. The Nixon Project has opened approximately 1,200 cubic feet of textual materials for research to date. The open materials consist of the entire White House Special Files and segments from the White House Central Files. The National Archives has withdrawn some documents from these files to protect the national security, personal privacy of individuals named, or other restricted information specified by regulation. Former President Nixon has objected to the opening of additional materials that were scheduled foropening in these file groups;these have been withdrawn forfurther review. Withdrawal sheets have been placed in the files to describe the withdrawn materials. UPA will update both the microfiche and printed guide as new file groups become available, until such time as all files have been opened.

VIII GENERAL INTRODUCTION

Once the bulk of the papers and tapes from the five-and-one-half years Richard Milhous Nixon served in the White House are released, his presidency will become the best documented one in United States history. Because of Nixon's unprecedented forced resignation from office in 1974, little about his truncated administration appears normal in retrospect, including the complicated problems surrounding his presidential papers. The sheer magnitude of the collection overwhelms scholars and nonspecialists alike. There are, for example, forty million pages of documents in the White House Central Files and 4,000 hours of recorded conversations. At the end of 1987, only three million documents and 12 1/2 hours of tapes had been opened, because unlike other sets of presidential papers, Watergate-related congressional legislations and a web of litigation have prevented the release for research of a vast majority of the least controversial of this unique collection of Nixon White House documents and tapes. As Watergate events unfolded in 1973 and 1974, questions about access to, and protection of, documents generated by the Nixon administration assumed prominence. In May 1973, both presidential counsellor Leonard Garment and Elliot Richardson, then Attorney General, advised Nixon to place the papers of H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and John Dean under the protection of the FBI. Nixon agreed on the condition that there be no access to these papers "without written presidential consent." Executive privilege became the issue of the day as Congress demanded and the president refused to produce those records and tapes deemed pivotal for the resolution of an unprecedented national constitutional crisis. Although the courts ultimately overruled Nixon's claims of executive privilege during the course of the various Watergate investigations, after Nixon left office he signed an agreement with Arthur Sampson, head of the General Services Administration (GSA), that mandated the destruction of the tapes and allowed considerable opportunity for destruction of some presidential papers as well. This September 1974 Nixon- Sampson agreement came into existence when the National Archives and Records Service (NARS) was under the jurisdiction of GSA, and so the Archivist of the United States had not been involved in its negotiation. The Nixon-Sampson agreement created an archival firestorm that swept through both the halls of Congress and the scholarly community of researchers. Signed without the knowledge of the National Archives, it not only gave Nixon wide latitude in controlling access to the papers of his controversial administration, but also left in doubt whether they would ever be donated through the National Archives to a presidential library and made available for study, as had the papers of all other occupants of the White House since Herbert Hoover. Never before had the preservation of an entire documentary record of a single administration become an issue of national scholarly and journalistic concern; never before had access to records been so personalized for the American public. In the immediate wake of the president's resignation over Watergate, criticism of the Nixon- Sampson agreement predictably resulted in unparalleled congressional action. In December 1974, President Gerald Ford approved legislation dramatically altering the control that previous presidents had exercised over materials produced during their time in office, thus ultimately producing new archival procedures for processing such papers. This 1974 Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act: 1) authorized the seizing of all Nixon documents and tapes, placing them in control of the federal government; and 2) mandated that any abuse-of-power information in this presidential material be made available to the public as soon as possible. Consequently, federal archivists of the National Archives and Records Service of the GSA (now an independent agency known as the National Archives and Records Administration, or NARA) began to establish guidelines for reviewing all of the documents and tapes from the White House Central Files. ix This review process was complicated by the fact that the 1974 Act was not exclusive; that is, it included both the official and the unofficial Nixon material in the government's custody. This has meant that archivists have had to cull from these presidential papers all private and personal material relating solely to the president's family or other nonpublic activities, including "private political associations." The latter category proved particularly troublesome in the processing of not only the "Special Files," but also for the bulk of the Central Files as well, because most of the Nixon documents have some political content and few are concerned exclusively with the private political association of the person who wrote or received the document. The new review process has also delayed the release of Nixon-related material. Since FDR, major portions of the papers of other modern presidents have been opened within a half-dozen years after the end of their terms in office, but the least controversial materials from the Nixon years have languished unprocessed, in part because of this extremely complicated and litigious review process. For three years Nixon challenged the 1974 Act in the courts to prevent the release of the Special Files. Ironically, this Special Files Unit had been originally created in September 1972 within the Nixon White House to provide a separate storage location for documents removed from the Central Files and selected staff members' offices because they were considered "sensitive." They included the complete files of the staff secretary, the President's Office, and the offices of H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, John Dean, and Charles Colson. In 1977, after the Supreme Court upheld the 1974 Presidential Recordings and Materials Act as constitutional, it took another two years for attorneys representing the former president and federal archivists to work out an agreement permitting NARA to systematically screen and prepare for research purposes the Special Files and the White House tapes. In February 1979, this unusual "negotiated agreement" called for the permanent removal of "any political document in the files that did not have a direct connection to the president's constitutional powers or statutory duties" and the return of these documents to Nixon with the understanding that "he would donate them in the future to the National Archives." Because of these and other unique procedures, the processing of the Nixon papers did not begin until five years after he resigned as president. Since that time, Nixon and/or his key aides have brought additional suits attempting to prevent the opening of documents in these controversial Special Files. In the interim, archivists have reduced the volume of the Nixon Special Files by six percent; legal representatives of the former president and members of his administration have withdrawn another ten percent. Although users can request mandatory reviews of both sets of winnowed material, the historical record of the Nixon administration has at least temporarily been diminished. In the event that some of these documents are reviewed once again by federal archivists, the former president can still challenge their release through the courts. Thus the specter of protracted litigation still hangs over these contested pages. Subsequent to the 1979 "negotiated agreement," NARA drafted six sets of regulations under which both the most sensitive materials, along with the most commonplace ones from the voluminous Nixon White House Central Files, would be processed. Previous sets had been revised or dropped because of congressional or legal actions. Before obtaining approval in 1986 from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to publish the sixth set in the Federal Register, the National Archives was given a Justice Department memorandum, attached to but not published with these regulations, that unequivocally stated that Nixon could still invoke executive privilege over these documents, and that President Ronald Reagan or any future sitting president would have to honor the claim without reviewing the merits. Litigation on this memorandum was still pending in March 1988. The 4,000 hours of tape recordings pose even thornier archival and access problems. It would take a single person almost two years of non-stop listening for eight hours a day just to hear all of the tapes without taking time to review or analyze them. Although NARA has basically completed processing the tapes and prepared a 27,000-page finding aid for researchers, lawyers for Nixon and some of his top advisers claim that untold numbers of violations of the personal privacy of individuals remain. They argue that the review process agreed to in the 1979 "negotiated agreement" has not proven feasible with respect to these controversial secret tapings, and that, therefore, they should be reviewed again using stricter privacy standards. In the unlikely event that no further legal barriers are encountered, sometime during 1989 the National Archives intends to open those recorded conversations that the Watergate special prosecutor requested (not all of these were used as evidence and, hence, were made public in various court cases after 1974). After these initial eighty hours of special prosecutor tapes are opened, NARA will follow its regulations and release additional segments, similar to the manner in which the first Special Files documents began to be released sequentially in 1987. This means that all persons mentioned in the recordings who have requested that they be notified in advance will be, in the event they would want to file charges against the release of specific conversations. Thus, even with the Tape Survey Log, researchers face many delays and obstacles before they will be able to analyze and interpret this unique documentary source•the White House tapes. Other unusual characteristics of the Nixon presidential papers involve the subject matter of the records released to date and contained in various parts of the microfiche editions published by University Publications of America. The first is that most of the obvious abuse-of-powet documents had already been presented as evidence and made public when various Nixon aides and their staff members were tried in the last half of the 1970s. Consequently, journalists, but not historians, were generally disappointed and confused by the release of the first records from the White House Central Files, because they did not contain sensational revelations. The initial 1.5 million pages of documents opened in December 1986 focused on domestic subject files ranging from welfare and environmental issues to Supreme Court appointments and desegregation of schools. These files are of enormous historic, if not headline, value to aid in understanding the formulation of the major domestic policies of the one-and-one-half Nixon administrations. Secondly, those papers released in May and July 1987 consisted of 1.5 million documents that make up the total volume of the Special Files. These were purported to be of particular importance to the abuse-of-power question, but have hot yet revealed any significant information about the Watergate break-in or its cover-up that had not already been presented as evidence in court cases in the 1970s. The first opening in May, for example, included five major file groups of papers relating to the work in the White House of John Dean, Harry Dent, John Ehrlichman, Egil Krogh, and Gordon Strachan. The second opening in May contained 267,500 papers actually created or seen by Richard Nixon during his tenure in office. These included both the President's Office Files, with notations in Nixon's handwriting, and "Personal Files" for 1969-1974, in addition to segments of the papers of Desmond J. Barker, Jr. (2,500 pages); Patrick J. Buchanan (22,500 pages); Dwight L. Chapín (35,000 pages); Peter M. Flanigan (12,500 pages); David R. Gergen (2,500 pages); General Alexander M. Haig, Jr. (40,000 pages); Kenneth L. Khachigian (25,000 pages); Herbert G. Klein (5,000 pages); Tom C. Korologos (2,500 pages); Frederic V. Malek (2,500 pages); John A. Scali (5,000 pages); Gerald L. Warren (2,500 pages); David R. Young, Jr. (22,500 pages); and Ronald L. Ziegler (42,500 pages). At the July 1987 opening, 823,450 more papers from the Special Files were released, consisting of 353,600 pages created or maintained by Nixon's Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman and 108,800 pages by Special Counsel Charles Colson. Other segments opened at the same time included: John R. Brown III (2,400 pages); Stephen B. Bull (4,000 pages); Alexander P. Butterfield (10,000 pages); J. Fred Buzhardt (4,000 pages); Michael J. Farrell (1,600 pages); Edwin L. Harper (800 pages); David C. Hoopes (25,000 pages); W. Richard Howard (5,000 pages); Peter E. Millspaugh (1,600 pages); Terrence O'Donnell (1,600 pages); Peter G. Peterson (2,400 pages); Geoffrey C. Shepard (2,400 pages); Hugh W. Sloan, Jr. (1,610 pages); Richard C. Tufaro (2,000 pages); J. Bruce Whelihan (8,400 pages); and David G. Wilson (1,600 pages). Thirdly, these first historic openings of the Nixon Presidential Papers are but the tip of the iceberg for researching this controversial and important administration, especially its best known activity outside of Watergate, namely, foreign policy. Unfortunately, national security considerations have prevented any systematic declass'rfication of materials pertaining to Nixon's record in the field of foreign affairs. Despite the publicity it receives, the Freedom of Information Act is not an adequate historical tool for obtaining the necessary aggregate data to document the decision-making processes involved in formulating U.S. diplomacy for Nixon's or any other recent administration. Moreover, the National Security Council, responsible for declassification of most foreign policy documents, has not yet concentrated on the Nixon years. To make matters worse for those interested in studying the diplomacy of the United States from 1969 through 1974, crucial foreign policy advisers such as Henry Kissinger and Alexander Haig have established personal monopolies over both public and private documents they generated by depositing them with the Library of Congress, thus making them subject to more severe restrictions than now govern Nixon's papers.

XI Finally, the question of the establishment of a Nixon Presidential Library remains problematic fourteen years after the thirty-seventh president resigned under a constitutional cloud of unprecedented proportions. After several major academic institutions turned down offers for housing the papers of what will become the most completely documented U.S. administration, the former president first decided to build his library in the seaside town of San Clemente, California, once the site of the western White House. Then, in November 1987, it was announced that the $25 million complex would be built in the southern California town of Yorba Linda, where Nixon was born in 1913. While ground-breaking is still tentatively scheduled to take place in 1988, no agreement has been reached with the government about housing the Nixon presidential papers there. As of the end of 1987, the Richard M. Nixon Presidential Archives Foundation planned to build a library that would be entirely independent of the National Archives, unlike all the other presidential libraries in the country. Until the resultant stalemate between the government and Nixon's representatives is resolved, his presidential papers will remain in federal custody at the NARA facility in Alexandria, Virginia. This means that the Nixon Presidential Library will contain primarily his post- presidential papers (the bulk of his vice presidential papers have long since been donated to the federal government) and assorted family material.

The Nixon Presidency The delays encountered in opening the Nixon White House Central Files is particularly unfortunate in light of historical inquiry into an administration that may well be the most significant one since World War II and one of the most important in this entire century. Richard Milhous Nixon became president of the United States at a crucial juncture in American history. Following the Second World War there was general agreement between popular and elite opinion on two things: the effectiveness of most New Deal domestic policies and the necessity of most Cold War foreign policies. During the 1960s, however, these two crucial postwar consensual constructs began to break down, and the war in Indochina, with its disruptive impact on the nation's political economy, hastened their disintegration. By 1968 the traditional bipartisan, Cold War approach to the conduct of foreign affairs had been seriously under- mined. Similarly, the "bigger and better" New Deal approach to the modern welfare state had reached a point of diminishing returns even among liberals. A breakdown in either the foreign or domestic policy concensus offers both opportunity and danger to any incumbent president. Nixon had more opportunity for risk-taking changes at home and abroad during his first administration than he would have had if elected in 1960, when he was narrowly defeated by John F. Kennedy, because of the disruptive impact of war and domestic reforms during the intervening eight years. Also, he inherited a wartime presidency, with all of its temporarily en- hanced extralegal powers. Although Nixon was a wartime president for all but twenty months of his five-and-one-half years in office, he found that the impunity for constitutional violations that was often accorded previous wartime presidents was not to be his. Periods of war and reform have usually alternated in the United States, but in the 1960s they burgeoned simultaneously, hastening the breakdown of consensus that was evident by the 1968 election. This unusual situation transformed Nixon's largely unexamined and rather commonplace management views into controversial ones. It also reinforced his natural predilection for bringing about change through executive fiat. This historical confluence of war and reform accounted in part for many of Nixon's unilateral administrative actions during his first administration, and for some of the events leading to his disgrace over the Watergate cover-up and resignation during his second term. Because much of the press and both Democratic-controlled houses of Congress were suspicious of him in 1969, Nixon almost automatically viewed administrative action as one way of obtaining significant domestic reform. Moreover, some of his initial accomplishments in administratively redirecting U.S. foreign policy ultimately led Nixon to rely more on executive actions at home to accomplish certain domestic goals than he might have otherwise. In any case, this approach drew criticism from those who already distrusted his past and presumed present policies and priorities. Nixon's covert and overt expansion and prolongation of the war during his first term also reinforced existing suspicions about his personality and political ethics. In this sense, liberal paranoia about his domestic programs fueled Nixon's paranoia about liberal opposition to the war and vice versa. By 1972, Nixon's success in effecting structural and substantive change in foreign policy through the exercise of largely unilateral executive power increasingly led him to think that he could use the same preemptive administrative approach to resolving domestic problems, especially following his xii landslide electoral victory that year. By the time he resigned from office in 1974, Nixon had effected significant structural changes in the organization of the executive branch of government•many of which are still in place. For example, he replaced the Department of the Post Office with a public corporation theoretically less subject to political patronage; merged the Peace Corps and Vista into one agency called Action; and created five new domestic advisory boards: the Urban Affairs Council that circuitously evolved into the Domestic Council; the Council on Environmental Quality (this was established at the initiative of Congress, but was effectively staffed and utilized by Nixon); the Rural Affairs Council; the Council on Executive Reorganization; and the Council on International Economic Policy (CIEP). The Nixon administration also established the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and recommended that the functions of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) be divided into two new agencies•the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Energy Research and Development Administration, both of which came into existence under President Gerald Ford. The Nixon administration also created the Office of Child Development and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. With Nixon's approval the Bureau of the Budget was transformed into the Office of Management and Budget, whose monitoring and investigative powers gave it greater influence than ever before on the budgets of all government agencies and departments. Although Nixon tried to implement certain reorganizational (and ideological) ideas by temporarily impounding federal funds and attempting to abolish the Office of Economic Opportunity, federal courts subsequently ruled against these actions. Probably the most important reorganizational activity of the Nixon administration involved the National Security Council (NSC). With Nixon's strong encouragement, Henry Kissinger transformed the NSC system into a personal foreign policy secretariat within the White House. As head of the reformed and revitalized NSC, Kissinger occupied the "super-official" position of assistant to the president for national security affairs, with more powers than those who, since Eisenhower's presidency, had served as special assistants for national security affairs. Ultimately, Kissinger chaired six special committees operating just below the NSC level, including the controversial Committee of 40, which oversaw all covert CIA activity abroad. The reorganized NSC also created a conceptual framework for formulating U.S. foreign policy by establishing a series of National Security Study Memoranda (NSSMs). These were drafted by NSC staff and signed by Nixon or by Kissinger on behalf of the president. The NSSMs directed various agencies and interdepartmental groups within the government to prepare detailed policy or "area" options, not policy recommendations, which were then passed on by Kissinger to members of the National Security Council, who sometimes argued over them in Nixon's presence. However, since these "formal options" were written, Nixon did not always need them orally debated by the NSC. Nixon seems to have relied most heavily on these NSSMs in his first two years in office and less so in subsequent years. The NSSM system was designed to prevent the State Department and other executive departments from becoming advocates of particular policies by relegating them to the roles of analysts rather than policymakers. According to political scientist Alexander George, this "Nixinger" system for formulating foreign policy became the "most centralized and highly structured model yet employed by any American president." It is this system with minor variations that is still operative almost twenty years after its creation. It is sometimes said that, when Nixon created the Urban Affairs Council (UAC) with its colorful executive secretary Patrick Moynihan, this made Moynihan the Henry Kissinger of domestic policy, because the UAC was presumably based on the emerging NSC model. Such a comparison has proven misleading for a number of reasons, not the least of which was Moynihan's lack of attention to management skills. Moreover, Moynihan's presence in the White House was always more tenuous than Kissinger's, not only because he was a Democrat, but also because Nixon had appointed as counselor to the president for domestic affairs, Arthur Burns, whose views opposed and often neu- tralized those of the head of the UAC. Despite the lack of centralization that characterized the structure for formulating foreign policy, Nixon's first administration actively pursued five areas of domestic reform: welfare, civil rights, economic and environmental policy, and reorganization of the federal government. In all these areas, even though his welfare reform failed to pass Congress, Nixon's positive domestic programs may be remembered longer than his currently better known foreign policy activities, because fewer of them have been dismantled or neglected by his successors in the White House. xüi Obviously, the domestic record of Richard Milhous Nixon will forever remain tarnished by a negative series of events, including wiretaps, the creation of the "plumbers" unit within the White House to plug information leaks and ultimately to conduct break-ins, the harassment of individuals on an "enemies" list, the misuse of the CIA to infiltrate and investigate a variety of protest organizations, and temporary consideration given to the "Houston Plan," which would have institutionalized surveillance of suspect groups and individuals. These events climaxed with the Watergate break-ins in May and June 1972 and the subsequent attempts by the president and his closest aides to cover up these and other illegal acts. While Watergate was probably an accident waiting to happen, given the "hardball" nature of U.S. politics by 1972, this does not excuse the break-ins or the cover-up that resulted in a president of the United States resigning before he could be impeached for obstructing justice. However, if historians or other students of the American presidency continue to insist that Richard Nixon was an aberration, rather than all too common product of the American political system, as a people we will have learned little from Watergate. It is time to re-evaluate, rather than simply rehash the positive as well as the negative lessons from the administration of the thirty-seventh president of the United States. This microfiche edition of the first papers released from the Nixon White House Central Files makes such a scholarly re-evaluation possible outside the facilities of the National Archives in Washington, D.C., and Alexandria, Virginia. Joan Hoff-Wilson Professor of History Indiana University

XIV EXPLANATION OF FICHE INDEX

Parí 1 of Papers of the Nixon White House reproduces the finding aids to all of the Nixon presidential files that are currently open to the public. These files comprise two file series: the White House Central Files and the White House Special Files. Within each of these series are subseries. The White House Central Files series contains two subseries: Subject Files, and Staff Member and Office Files; the White House Special Files contains three subseries: the President's Files, Staff Member and Office Files, and White House Central Files. To facilitate the identification of the inventories contained in Part 1, each series and each subseries has been given a numeric/alphabetic code. The first number in the code represents the file series; the code for inventories from the White House Central Files starts with the number 1, while those from the White House Special Files start with number 2. Each of the subseries has also been assigned an identifying numberthat is the second number in the numeric/alphabetic code. Within the White House Central Files, the subseries Subject Files is identified by the number 1 ; Staff Member and Office Files by number 2. For example, an inventory whose code begins 1.2. can easily be identified as belonging to the White House Central Files (1.), Staff Member and Office Files (2.). The three subseries within the White House Special Files are identified as President's Files=1 ; Staff Member and Office Files=2; White House Central Files=3. Following the second number is a series of two or four letters, representing either an abbreviation or acronym for a particular subject, i.e., NR (Natural Resources) or OPPA (Office of Presidential Papers), or the first four letters of an individual's surname, i.e., COLS (Charles W. Colson). Hence the fiche coded 1.1 .HS will contain the inventory belonging to the White House Central Files (1.), the subseries Subject Files (1.), dealing with Housing (HS). Similarly, the fiche coded 2.2.EHRL will contain the inventory from the White House Special Files (2.), subseries Staff Member and Office Files (2.), describing the papers of John D. Ehrlichman (EHRL). Within each of the two file series, material is arranged numerically and then alphabetically, so that, for example, 1.1.LG comes before 1.2.DAVI, while 1.1.AG comes before 1.1 .CM. The researcher is also referred to the Table of Contents for a detailed outline of the contents of this microfiche guide.

WHITE HOUSE CENTRAL FILES

The White House Central Files is a permanent organizational unit within the White House complex that maintains a central filing and retrieval system for the president and his staff. This file group consists of correspondence, memoranda, reports, telegrams, cables, press releases, speeches, lists, drafts, clippings, briefing papers, schedules, courtesy messages, invitations, public opinion mail, and printed materials that are generated or received by the Executive Office of the President. The Central Files consist of sixty-one subject categories that are divided into numerous subcategories, confidential files, name files, chronological files, oversize attachments, and bulk mail. The materials in the Central Files reflect the diverse activities of the White House organization. (See Appendix II, which reproduces the White House Filing Manual, for a more detailed description of the organization of the Central Files. See also Appendix III, an affidavit of William F. Matthews, Chief of the White House Central Files Unit, for a description of the Central Files during the Nixon Administration.) Also included are the Social Files, which pertain primarily to the official and public activities of the first lady and the president's family.

FICHE INDEX WHITE HOUSE CENTRAL FILES Subject Files

The Subject Files of the White House Central Files contains correspondence and reports pertaining to the functions and operations of the White House; the federal government; and state, local, and foreign governments. The Subject Files also contains correspondence and reports from private companies, organizations, and individuals. Material in the Subject Files is segregated into two categories: "Executive" and "General." The "Executive" Subject File material consists of correspondence and reports that are of particular importance due either to their source or content. This material generally includes documents received from executive agencies and departments, members of Congress, and other prominent correspondents. It also includes copies of outgoing correspondence and memoranda, as well as other documents that were acted on or brought to the attention of the president or a designated key White House official. The "General" Subject File material consists of correspondence and documents from the public-at-large and other sources that, while noteworthy because they are addressed to the president, are not as important from the viewpoint of level of handling or subject matter as the "Executive" Subject File material. This material includes all correspondence and documents that are not classified in the "Executive" category and may include routine communications from members of Congress or memoranda exchanged among lower echelon officials. Fiche #1.LAG AG (Agriculture) This subject category is composed of correspondence, notes, drafts of speeches, letters and presidential messages, scheduling memoranda, cables, petitions, referrals, cross references, and printed material concerning administration agricultural policy. Correspondents include Bryce N. Harlow, William E. Timmons, John C. Whitaker, John D. Ehrlichman, H.R. Haldeman, Charles W. Colson, Hugh W. Sloan, Jr., Harry S. Dent, Dwight L. Chapin, Peter M. Flanigan, Herbert G. Klein, Tod R. Hullin, Kenneth R. Cole, Arthur F. Burns, General Alexander M. Haig, Jr., Henry P. Kissinger, Robert Mayo, Caspar Weinberger, Michael Raoul-Duval, John R. Price, Paul W. McCracken, Richard K. Cook, John R. Brown III, Michael B. Smith, Roland L Elliott, Max L Friedersdorf, Anne L. Armstrong, Raymond Waldmann, Clayton Yeutter, Clifford Hardin, Earl Butz, and William D. Pawley. Because changes were made in the White House filing scheme at the beginning of 1971, several subcategories exist only forthe years 1969-1970. These are AG 3-1 (Protection Programs), AG 4-1 (Soil Bank), AG 5-1 (Pest Control), AG 7-1 (Barter Program), and AG 7-2 (School Lunch Program). Materials on these topics were subsumed into other categories beginning in 1971. In one case, AG 3, the subcategory name was also transferred, thus changing AG 3 (Marketing) to AG 3 (Marketing; Protection Programs).

AG AGRICULTURE Topics covered include White House relations with Congress concerning farm policy; the development of the administration's farm policy; restrictions on trade with Communist countries; the Agricultural Act of 1970; the Agricultural Conservation Program; the Soviet wheat deal; the Salute to Agriculture Day; meetings with agricultural groups; the farm labor issue; international agricultural policy; crop prices; import quotas; export controls; fuel supplies for farmers; and the effects of price controls on the agricultural sector. The General File has a large volume of material on the Agricultural Conservation Program. AG 1 HOME ECONOMICS Topics covered include fabric flammability; the proposed White House Conference on Food and Nutrition; and. most importantly, the first, second, and third Annual Reports of the Department of Health. Education and Welfare on the Studies of Deaths. Injuries and Economic Losses Resulting from Accidential Burning of Products. Fabrics, or Related Materials.

AG 2 Topics covered include White House flower arrangements; petroleum allocations to the floricul- tura! industry; fbwer imports; home gardening; and domestic and foreign opium production.

AG3 MARKETING; PROTECTION PROGRAMS ' ^Ä.ieaft, Topics covered include Food and Drug Administration actions, including the ban on the use ot cyclamates; consumer protection issues; individual product marketing issues; commodity marketing and marketing agreement legislation; food additives; the ban on the use of DDT; export policy and cattle hides; and the regulatory control of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in food. The Executive File has a large volume of material on legislation to compensate industries for losses sustained as a result of the ban on cyclamate use.

AG3-1 PROTECTION PROGRAMS [1969-1970] Topics covered include consumer protection programs and proposed legislation for additional programs.

AG4 PRICE SUPPORT i _, . . Topics covered include the commodity payment limitation; termination of advance feed gram payments;the tobacco marketing quota; the annual report of the 1972 Upland Cotton Program;farm prices; and the parity ratio.

AG 4-1 SOIL BANK [1969-1970] Topics covered include acreage allotments and feed gram payments.

AG5 RESEARCH PROGRAMS . Ä 4. t. Topics covered include the proclamation of the International Plant Protection Convention; the Screwworm Eradication Agreement with New Mexico; the use of poisons in predator »ntrolon federal lands; product safety legislation; the fire ant eradication program; and rodent control. The General File has a great many letters from children protesting cruelty to animals, and a large volume of letters and cables calling for an executive order banning the use of pesticides on federal lands.

AGS-1 PEST CONTROL [1969-1970] Topics covered include the use of pesticides and herbicides. The General File contains a large number of letters advocating a ban on the use of DDT.

AG 6 RUTop^^ the first through fourth Reports to the Congress on the Availably of Government Services to Rural Areas; rural communrty development revenue ^:£• Environmental Assistance Program; the Rural Development Act of 1972; and presidential meet.ngs with farm groups.

AG 7 ^Top^Lver^d Se the distribution of food surpluses to the needy, and various praams that give food to children. The Executive File has a large volume of material on the school lunch program.

AG 7-1 BARTER PROGRAM [1969-1970]

AD 7-2 SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM [1969-1970] .,..,.• The General File has a large volume of material on the Special Milk Program.

Related subject categories in the White House Centra. Files include: FG (Federal J^^J^1?^^

• (Speeches); and ME (Messages). The Name File and the Staff Member and Office Files also hold materials related to this subject category, as do the Staff Member and Office Files and White House Central Files file groups that were taken into the White House Special Files. Fiche #1.1 .AR AR (Arts)

This subject category is composed prtmartty of correspondence, newspaper clippings and other printed materials, cross references and referrals concerning administration policy toward the arts, and, most importantly, public views on the arts and artistic expressions of support and affection for the president and the country.

AR ARTS The Executive File contains materials on the administration's arts policy; individual creative arts proposals; proposed artistic performances at the White House; invitations to the first family to attend artistic events; appointments; the Smithsonian institution; relations with foreign nations regarding the importation of cultural treasures; and political support for the president among artistic figures. The General File contains correspondence eliciting opinions regarding appointments, funding for the arts, and various actions affecting the arts. Also present are invitations to members of the first family to attend artistic events.

AR 1 LANGUAGES The Executive File concerns the promotion of English as a universal language; Bible translation; and other translation matters. The General File contains correspondence regarding bilingual education; foreign language study; foreign language broadcasts; Bible translation; and interpreters for the 1972 China trip.

AR 2 MUSEUMS The Executive File holds materials concerning establishing new museums (the National Air and Space Museum, the National Museum of Negro History and Culture, the American Museum of Immigration, and the Brandywine River Museum); requests for presidential patronage and expressions of support; requests for bans of moon rocks and a lunar module for exhibit purposes; and presidential expressions of congratulation to museums. The General File concerns requests for exhibits and the establishment of an urban photographic archive project. Also present are invitations to the president to visit museums.

AR 3 MUSIC The Executive File includes invitations to the president to attend performances; presidential letters to musical performers and composers remembering birthdays and expressing appreciation, gratitude, and congratulations; and presidential letters of encouragement to students and teachers of music. Proposed presidential meetings with musical performers are also discussed. The General File includes letters from the public inviting the president to join organizations or attend musical performances; offering to perform at the White House; requesting help in publishing songs; and enclosing songs written for the president. Many letters from children are also present.

AR 3-1 SERVICE BANDS-CHOIRS The Executive File contains letters inviting the president to attend band performances; letters expressing gratitude for band performances; and material concerning band performances at the White House. The General File holds letters from the public requesting performances of particular military bands.

AR 3-1 /FG 14 SERVICE BANDS-CHOIRS/DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

AR 3-1/FG 15 SERVICE BANDS-CHOIRS/DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

AR 3-1/FG 15-5 SERVICE BANDS-CHOIRS/MARINE CORPS AR 3-1 /FG 16 SERVICE BANDS-CHOIRS/DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE The Executive Files contain presidential congratulatory letters; invitations to the president to attend performances; and requests for band appearances. The General Files contain invitations to the president to attend performances and requestsfor band appearances.

AR 4 PAINTINGS AND DRAWINGS The Executive File holds presidential congratulatory letters sent to artists; letters from the public, including those from children; materials concerned with paintings in the White House complex; the Andrew Wyeth exhibit; borrowing art from Russia; the return of a smuggled Raphael to Italy; and the presentation of a portrait of Mao Tse-tung to Mao Tse-tung. A few schedule proposals are included. The General File includes invitations to the president to attend and sponsor art exhibitions; letters from artists sending samples of their work; and children's letters enclosing their drawings. Children's letters and drawings strongly dominate the subcategory beginning in 1971. Subjects discussed include the official presidential portrait; proposals for art exhibits at the White House; the controversy over the mural at the District of Columbia Bicentennial Commission office; and administration policy toward the arts. AR 5 POETRY-PROSE-WRITING-MANUSCRIPTS The Executive File includes poems from children and others of the general public; letters from members of Congress enclosing constKuent mail; and White House staff memoranda forwarding articles, quotations, and the like. The General File holds primarily poems from the general public. A few essays on various foreign and domestic policy subjects are also included.

AR 6 SCULPTURE The Executive File holds material on such subjects as sculptures of the president in every medium, from bronze to wax to snow; loans of sculptures from foreign countries; and the return of stolen sculptures to foreign countries. The General File includes proposals to make, exhibit, or restore sculptures, and honor sculptors.

AR 7 THEATER The Executive File includes invitations to the president to attend plays; proposals to produce plays; presidential messages to theater groups; and schedule proposals to permit the president to attend plays. One subject covered is the president's participation in the Ford's Theater television special on American folk music. The General File includes invitations to the president to attend theatrical performances, and letters expressing public views on the theater. Subjects discussed include a proposal to bring South American theater productions to the United States; a proposal for theater contacts with foreign countries; and administration policy regarding the theater. Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: ME (Messages); PR (Public Relations); IV (Invitations); PP (President [Personal]); Gl (Gifts); and CO (Countries). Fiche #1.1 .AT AT (Atomic Energy)

The Atomic Energy subject file is organized under an alphanumeric subject classification scheme of four primary categories: AT (Atomic Energy). AT 1 (Health-Medical), AT 2 (Industrial), AT 3 (Peace Promotion); and of two subcategories (International Agreement; International Agreement by Country). Materials within the folders are arranged in chronological order. This subject category contains material pertaining to the research, development, use, and control of atomic and nuclear energy for non-defense and peaceful purposes such as improving the general welfare, increasing the standard of living, and strengthening free competition in private enterprise. AT ATOMIC ENERGY The files contain originals, carbons, electrostatic copies, wires, and telegrams of correspondence that staff members originated or received. The correspondence includes thank you messages, salutatory addresses, and comments on people and events. Some of the subjects, people, or events discussed include nuclear science demonstration centers; the Texas Atomic Energy Research Foundation; the U.S.-Iran Agreement for Cooperation; the Atomic Energy Labor-Management Relations Panel; peaceful uses of atomic energy; uranium enrichment facilities; Hubert Heffner; William Kriegsman; and the U.S. Norwegian Atomic Energy Agreement.

AT 1 HEALTH-MEDICAL-4/6/70 This category includes a cross reference to a letter Richard Nixon had sent to Frank P. Baranowski, director of the Division of Production of the United States Atomic Energy Commission. The letter praises his performance as director. The original letter is located in the subject category ME (Messages).

AT 2 INDUSTRIAL-2/15/69^7/9/74 The memoranda in this series contain materials pertaining to licensing of nuclear power plants; transferring AEC uranium enrichment plants to private ownership; the sabotage of a nuclear reactor; and the Plowshare program.

AT 3 PEACE PROMOTION This is divided into two subseries: International Agreements and International Agreements by Country. This file contains materials pertaining to proposed amendments to an additional agreement for cooperation with EURATOM, Sweden, and Korea concerning civil uses of atomic energy as well as correspondence from Henry A. Kissinger, Dixy Lee Ray, and William E. Timmons. The file includes wires, handwritten notes, and carbons of correspondence.

Fiche #1.1.BE BE (Business-Economics)

This subject category is composed of correspondence, messages, drafts of presidential messages, memoranda, cross references, notes, petitions, press releases, cables, telegrams, wires, printed material, and newspaper clippings concerning administration economic policy. Major correspondents include Peter M. Flanigan, John D. Ehrlichman, H.R. Haldeman, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Paul W. McCracken, William E. Timmons, Dwight L. Chapin, Charles W. Colson, Jonathan C. Rose, George P. Shultz, Peter G. Peterson, Arthur F. Burns, Daniel P. Moynihan, Roland L Elliott, Tod R. Hullin, Michael B. Smith, Richard K. Cook, Herbert Stein, David N. Parker, John R. Brown III, John A. Love, Kenneth D. Rush, John C. Campbell, Noble M. Melencamp, Bryce N. Harlow, Herbert G. Klein, Harry S. Dent, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Melvin R. Laird.

BE BUSINESS-ECONOMICS Topics covered include administration monetary policy; jawboning and credit controls; inflation; foreign economic policies; economic indicators; administration relationships with the business community; U.S. competitive position abroad; wage-price policy; economic planning; the economic report of the president; the president's ninety-day wage-price freeze; functions and role of the Council on Economic Policy; release of principal economic indicators; business briefings, and the international economic report of the president.

BE 1 COOPERATIVES Topics covered include electric cooperatives and the Rural Electrification Administration.

BE 2 DOMESTIC TRADE Topics covered include the Federal Trade Commission and consumer legislation; administration policy on safety standards; warranty disclosure legislation; the president's consumer message to Congress; the administration's consumer legislation program; the president's Committee on Con- sumer Interests; the Federal Trade Commission's advocacy bill; consumer advocacy legislation; and the Consumer Product Safety Act. 7 BE 2-1 DECEPTIVE PRACTICES Topics covered include truth in packaging; the administration's consumer program; proposed deceptive sales act; the White House Office of Consumer Affairs; consumer legislation; the president's Executive Order #11566 entitled "Consumer Product Information"; the administration's position concerning consumer advocacy legislation; draft product safety bill; and fraudulent advertising.

BE 2-2 MONOPOLY-ANTI-MONOPOLY Topics covered include the Bank Holding Company Act of 1949; conglomerates; federal antitrust law policies; airline mergers; antitrust impediments to mergers in industries; cartels and foreign trade; the Department of Commerce's proposed franchising program; Federal Trade Commission merger guidelines forthe textile mill products industry; bank mergers; Antitrust Division activities in Interstate Commerce Commission rail merger proceedings; the proposed Corporation Control Act of 1972; Antitrust Division policy concerning the enforcement of Section 7 of the Clayton Act; and international antitrust policy.

BE 3 ECONOMIC CONTROLS Topics covered include possible wage-price controls; inflation; the president's suspension of the provisions of the Davis-Bacon Act; the president's economic program; Cost of Living Council; Executive Order #11615 entitled "Providing for Stabilization of Prices, Rents, Wages, and Salaries"; unbn power; Phase I certificates; the president's ninety-day wage-price freeze; ten percent import surcharge; investment tax credits; reports on the wage-price freeze program; Phase II planning and goals; price controls on agricultural products; the administration's wage control program; Phase II price controls; reports to Congress on the activities of the Economic Stabilization Program; food prices; meat imports; proposed revisions of the administration's wage-price control system; Phase III; rent controls; Phase IV objectives; impact of the price freeze on agricultural products; commodity futures market; and the president's Executive Order #11781 entitled "Providing for the Orderly Termination of the Economic Stabilization Program." Both the Executive and General Files have a very heavy concentration of material concerning the president's new economic policy.

BE 4 INDUSTRY Topics covered include National Alliance of Businessmen activities; business capital spending; administration relations with the business community; the president's meeting with industry leaders; lists of businessmen; business briefings; Office of Minority Business Enterprise activities; and inner city insurance. For the years 1969 through 1970, this category subdivides by commodity or industry. Forthe years 1971 through 1974, the subdivision is by number on CM list.

BE 4-1 GOVERNMENT COMPETITION [1969-1970] Topics covered include government standards for industries and the U.S. free enterprise system.

BE 4-2 GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES [1969-1970] Topics covered include the Department of Transportation's rail passenger service proposals and subsidies to U.S. flag shipping lines.

BE 4-3 SMALL BUSINESS [1969-1970] Topics covered include the administration's minority business enterprise program; the president's Executive Order #11518 entitled "Providing forthe Increased Representation of the Interests of Small Business Concerns before Departments and Agencies of the U.S. Government"; the formation of minority enterprise small business investment companies (MESBIC); and black capitalism.

BE 4-1 AEROSPACE [1971-1974] Topics covered include unemployed aerospace scientists and engineers; bans to Lockheed Aircraft Corp.; aerospace industry; and the U.S.'s position in aerospace technology.

BE 4-2 CONSTRUCTION [1971-1974] Topics covered include the Construction Industry Collective Bargaining Commissten and administration relations with the building trade unions.

BE 4-3 FIREFIGHTERS [1971-1974] BE 4-4 HOSPITAL

BE 4-5 HOTEL-RESTAURANT

BE 4-6 HOUSING

BE 4-7 OFFICE-STORE

BE 4-8 POLICE

BE 4-9 SANITATION

BE 4-10 TEACHERS

BE 4-11 UTILITIES

BE 4-12 MOTION PICTURE-THEATRE Topics covered include possible tax relief for the motion picture industry

BE 4-13 BROADCASTING

BE 4-19 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES

BE 4-20 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS

BE 4-20-1 ALCOHOLIC AND OTHER BEVERAGES

BE 4-20-2 DAIRY PRODUCTS

BE 4-20-3 FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

BE 4-20-4 GRAIN-MILL PRODUCTS Topics covered include wheat sales to the Soviet Union.

BE 4-20-5 LIVESTOCK; ANIMALS

BE 4-20-6 MEAT-SEAFOOD-POULTRY

BE 4-21 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES

BE 4-22 TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS

BE 4-23 APPAREL AND RELATED PRODUCTS

BE 4-24 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS

BE 4-25 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES

BE 4-26 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS

BE 4-27 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING

BE 4-28 CHEMICAL AND ALLIED PRODUCTS Products covered include the petrochemical allocation issue and the proposed changes in the oil import regulations. BE 4-29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS Topics covered include the oil depletion allowance; petrochemicalfeedstocks; the Alaska pipeline; fuel shortages; and the oil shale industry.

BE 4-30 RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCTS

BE 4-31 LEATHER AND LEATHER GOODS Topics covered include cattle hide prices; shoe imports; export controls on hides; tariff quotas for shoes; countervailing duty laws; and voluntary restraint agreements.

BE 4-32 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS

BE 4-33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES Topics covered include steel imports and domestic alumina projects. BE 4-34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS BE 4-35 MACHINERY. EXCEPT ELECTRICAL BE 4-36 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY BE 4-37 TRANSPORTATION Topics covered include the financial condition of U.S. airlines; transportation deregulation; automobile passive restraint rule; seat belts, air bags; airline mergers; administration transportation policy; and the proposed fuel allocation for general aviation. BE 4-38 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS . ] BE 4-39 MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES BE 5 NATIONAL ECONOMY Topics covered include the economic outtook; leading indicators; administration economic policy; the Cabinet Committee on Economic Policy; money supply; gross national product (GNP); economic guidelines for budget policy; business activity; interest rates; statistical release of economic indicators; Council of Economic Advisers; economic strategy; economic forecasting; administration's economic opttons; wage-push inflation; wage rates in the construction industry; federal outlays; the budget; business outtook; Inflation; cost of living; economic activity summaries for the president; Business Council reports; summary of contents; the president's economic initiatives; wage-price controls; state of the economy; and economic controls. The Executive File subdivides by date beginning in October 1971 and ending in March 1972. This subcategory consists primarily of yellow copies of the president's letter on inflation to members of the Business Council, other business leaders, labor leaders, etc., and responses to the president's letter.

BE 5-1 BUSINESS TRENDS Topics covered include new orders and sales of durable goods; retail sales; index of leading business indicators; and consumer confidence. BE 5-2 COST OF LIVING Topics covered include the Consumer Price Index (CPI); the Wholesale Price Index (WPI); construction costs; the GNP and inflation; government spending; meat prices; health service costs; fuel prices; and the minimum wage. BE 5-3 INFLATION-MONEY SCARCITY Topics covered include the administration's anti-inflation program; cost of living issue; federal budget/deficit; unemployment and inflation; wage-price spiral; money supply; and possible credit controls. ^ BE 5-4 NATIONAL INCOME-PRODUCT DATA Topics covered include personal income and Income and voting. BE 5-5 RECESSIONS-DEPRESSIONS Topics covered include regional economic development commissions; Appalachian Regional Development Administration; the administration's position concerning recession; Economic Devel- opment Administration grants; "economic disaster areas; and economic adjustment assistance. This category subdivides by LG (Local Government) and CO (Countries) designations.

BE 5-6 POSTWAR PLANNING Topics covered include post-Vietnam planning and the effect of defense cutbacks on the economy.

BE 5-7 [MINORITY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT] BE 6 PATENTS-INVENTIONS-COPYRIGHTS-TRADEMARKS Topics covered include copyright conventions; government patent policy; the Federal Council for Science and Technology reports on government patent policy; proposed general revision of the patent laws; copyright revision legislation; patent-antitrust laws; the administration's position regarding patent licensing; the Department of Commerce's proposed franchising program; U.S.

10 ratification of the revised copyright convention; Eastern Europe/USSR patents; and international technology transfers. BE 7 SMALL BUSINESS Topics covered include the National Small Business Association; small business and health insurance benefits; the administration's minority business enterprise program; the Office of Minority Business Enterprise; the Small Business Economic Council; small business and defense procurement; Small Business Administration loans; and the Council for Equal Business Opportunity (CEBO). Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government) files for concerned agencies, commissions, and White House staff; CM (Commodities); LA (Labor-Management); TA (Trade); and Fl (Finance). The Name File and the Staff Member and Office Files also hold materials related to this subject category.

Fiche #1.1 .CA CA (Civil Aviation) File materials placed in the category CA (Civil Aviation) pertain to aviation policy, safety regulations, air commerce, air freight, development of aeronautics, the control and use of navigable air space, research and development of air navigation facilities, and development and operation of a common system of air traffic control and navigation for civil aircraft. Materials concerning military aviation are filed under ND (National Defense), and those concerning federal aid for airport construction are filed under FA (Federal Aid). The principal correspondents represented in this subject category include the president, his counsellors, assistants, and advisers in the White House, including, among others, Henry A. Kissinger, John D. Ehrlichman, Peter M. Flanigan, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Egil Krogh, Jr., Daniel W. Hofgren, William M. Magruder, David H. Gunning, William E. Timmons, Edward E. David, Lee A. DuBridge, Robert P. Mayo, James R. Schlesinger, and Caspar Weinberger. Also included are John P. Walsh, Executive Secretary of the State Department; John A. Volpe and Claude S. Brinegar, consecutive secretaries, James M. Beggs, undersecretary, and Robert Henri Binder, director of international transportation of the Department of Transportation; John H. Shaffer, administrator of the Federal Aviation Agency; Secor D. Browne and John W. Crooker, Jr., consecutive chairmen of the Civil Aeronautics Board, and CAB members Whitney Gillilland, G. Joseph Minetti, Robert Murphy, and Robert Timm; William A. Anders, executive secretary of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; members of Congress; state and local officials; airline and aerospace executives; airline and aerospace professional organization executives; and private citizens. Throughout the Civil Aviation file, much of the correspondence concerns the activities of the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB). That independent agency has broad responsibility for the encouragement and development of civil aviation, and is vested with economic regulatory powers over civil aviation within the United States and between the United States and foreign countries. The Board is composed of five members, appointed for staggered six-year terms. No more than three may be appointed from the same political party. Board activities include authorizations to carriers to engage in interstate and foreign air transportation; jurisdiction over tariffs; and rates and fares charged to the public and for the carriage of mail. The Board also authorizes and pays subsidies to air carriers when non self-sustaining airlines are deemed necessary to public convenience. The Board also has jurisdiction over unfair competitive practices, and it regulates mergers, agreements, acquisitions of control, and intertecking relationships involving air carriers. The Board advises the Department of State in negotiattons with foreign governments for new or revised air routes and services.

CA CIVIL AVIATION Among the many topics filed under CA are international and national transportation policy; concern for national security implications of developments affecting U.S. flag carriers; agreements and conventions with foreign nations on air transportation matters such as routes, rates, and crimes committed aboard aircraft; the role of federal agencies in international aviation; airline industry concerns, including supplemental air carriers, mergers, financial profitability, and financing; devel- opmental aircraft and engines; aeronautical satellites; Civil Aeronautics Board rulings and reports; and legislation relating to air carriers and airport and airway development.

11 CA 2 AIRPORTS in this file are materials pertaining to airports (including jetports and airparks) throughout the country. Some of the topics included are airport dedications, improvements, and expansion. Additional subjects are security concerns, including highjacking detection devices; noise pollution; user fees; a trust fund for airports; and legislation for airport devebpment.

CA 3 RATES This file concerns fares, including transatlantic, domestic cargo, postal, youth, and senior citizen rates. Some material also concerns the financial crises of scheduled air carriers; problems of the air transport industry; regulation of the airline industry; and charges for customs preclearance.

CA 4 ROUTES-NAVIGATION The subject matter in this file pertains to international negotiations concerning air routes; procedures in international air route cases; air carrier applications for air routes; requests for investigations of certain carriers; special use of air space (prohibited space over Camp David); and landing rights at certain airports.

CA 5 SAFETY-TRAFFIC CONTROL Topics in this file include safety functions prescribed underthe Federal Aviation Act of 1958; vortex turbulence caused by large aircraft; an acoustic sensing system for detecting, measuring, and tracking wake vortices; public safety implications of urban development near airports; airport safety; and potential restraint techniques to be used in presidential aircraft. Other subjects include the air traffic controller career program; the Air Traffic Controller Carrier Act of 1972; the President's Sci- ence Advisory Committee's report on air traffic control; a staff paper on air traffic control planning and research; funds for air traffic controllers; and air traffic controller strikes and unbn (PATCO) demands.

CA 6 SUBSIDIES The correspondence in this file concerns the plight of local service carriers; requests for subsidies; mergers; finances of U.S. air carriers; and supplemental appropriations for the Civil Aeronautics Board.

CA 7 CASES-DECISIONS Decisions by the Civil Aeronautics Board involving domestic authority are not subject to review by any executive department or agency. However, decisions granting or affecting certificates for overseas and foreign air transportation, as well as permits to foreign air carriers, require presidential approval. Much of the material in this file, therefore, relates to presidential approvals of CAB decisions in cases involving international air transportation matters. Some of the topics in this file include CAB decisions on air route, rate, and merger cases; the role of the president in international aviation cases; Office of Management and Budget staff work on CAB international aireases; the delegation of certain presidential authority in CAB cases; presidential review of CAB cases; policy alternatives for bilateral air transport agreements; investigation and amendment of foreign air carrier permit terms; and domestic carrier feeding of U.S. as opposed to foreign international carriers.

CA 8 AIRCRAFT DEVELOPMENT Most of the correspondence in this file concerns the development of a supersonic aircraft (SST). Included are letters, telegrams, and postcards either in favor of, or opposed to, the SST; recommendations on the SST from appropriate White House, department, and agency officials; and reports of the President's Science Advisory Committee and the Ad Hoc SST Review Committee. Other topics concerning the SST pertain to financing, design, and environmental problems. In addition, the files concern the Lockheed crisis that resulted from a Rolls Royce bankruptcy; the impact of federal seed money in civil aeronautics research and development; wake turbulence sensors; and the XXT (a second generation SST) proposal. Some materials relating to CA in the following subject files include: BE (Business-Economics); FG11 (the Cabinet); FG 88 (Civil Aeronautics Board); FG 31 (the Congress of the United States); CO (Countries); FG 21 (Department of Commerce); FG 13 (Department of Defense); FG 23 (Department of Health, Education and Welfare); FG 22 (Department of Labor); FG 25 (Department of Transportation); Fl (Finance); FG 6-11-1/Flanigan, Peter (Flanigan,

12 Peter); FO (Foreign Affairs); HE (Health); FG 299 (Interagency Steering Committee to Review U.S. International Air Transportation Policy); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council); OS (Outer Space); and ST (States and Territories). Fiche #1.1.CM CM (Commodities)

This subject category is composed of correspondence, messages and drafts of presidential messages, memoranda, cross references, notes, petitions, press releases, cables, telegrams, wires, printed material, and newspaper clippings concerning administration policy respecting manufactured products and industries. Major correspondents include John A. Love, Peter M. Flanigan, Charles J. DiBona, John D. Ehrlichman, William E. Timmons, Richard K. Cook, Roland L. Elliott, Melvin R. Laird, Richard M. Fairbanks, David H. Gunning, Tom C. Korologos, Herbert G. Stein, Harry S. Dent, John C. Whitaker, Dwight L Chapin, Robert F. Ellsworth, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., William E. Simon, Ronald L Ziegler, Tod R. Hullin, Hugh W. Sloan, Jr., Max L. Friedersdorf, David N. Parker, and Noble M. Melencamp. Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include FG (Federal Government) files for concerned agencies, commissions, and White House staff members; BE (Business-Economics); TA (Trade); AG (Agriculture); and NR (Natural Resources). The Name File and the Staff Members and Office Files•particularly those of John A. Love and Peter M. Flanigan•also hold materials related to this subject category. For the years 1969 and 1970, this category subdivides by name of commodity or industry. For the years 1971 through 1974, the subdivision is by CM number.

CM COMMODITIES Topics covered include commodity markets; commodity exports; proposed Commodity Futures Trading Act of 1974; automobile emissions standards; energy situation; leaded/unleaded gasoline; oil supply; oil imports; energy policy; textiles; disposition of uranium enrichment plants; gun control; disposition of toxic chemical agents; fuel oil shortage; ban on DDT; timber harvesting; the president's Executive Order #11459 entitled "Designation of the Secretary of Transportation to Approve and Certify Containers and Vehicles for Use in International Transportation"; and wines for the White House. CM 19 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES Topics covered include production of Colt M-16 rifles in Korea and handgun control legislation.

CM 20 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS Topics covered include food prices; sugar quotas; toxins in canned food; U.S. position concerning International Coffee Agreement; sixty-day price freeze on agricultural products; U.S. international agricultural policy; U.S. participation in the World Food Congress; generalized tariff preferences for the developing countries; and farm legislation.

CM 20-1 ALCOHOLIC AND OTHER BEVERAGES

CM 20-2 DAIRY PRODUCTS Topics covered include citrus exports to the European Economic Community (EEC) and the effect of the price freeze on fruit growers.

CM 20-4 GRAIN-MILL PRODUCTS Topics covered include cargo preference regulations on grain shipments to Communist countries; ratification of the International Wheat Agreement, 1971; feed grain prices; wheat prices; proposed increases in price supports for wheat and feed grains; export controls on wheat; sugar legislation; wheat supply; and rice stocks.

CM 20-5 LIVESTOCK; ANIMALS Topics covered include hog prices; export quotas on cattle hides; and funds for administering the Animal Welfare Act of 1970 and the Horse Protection Act of 1970.

13 CM 20-6 MEAT Topics covered include price controls on agricultural products; meat imports; impact of price freeze on poultry industry; beef supplies; and mercury residue in halibut. CM 21 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES Topics covered include tobacco exports to the EEC. CM 22 TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS Topics covered include trade; textile negotiations; cotton supply; and export controls on cotton. CM 23 APPAREL AND RELATED PRODUCTS Topics covered include flammability of children's sleepwear. CM 24 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS Topics covered include lumber and plywood prices; timber supplies; and clear cutting of timber in forestry. CM 25 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES CM 26 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS CM 27 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING CM 28 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS Topics covered include Lead Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act of 1970; proposed Toxic Substances Control Act; tear gas and herbicides and the Geneva Convention; administration options concerning petrochemical feedstocks and the oil import program; propane supply; fertilizer supply situation; phosphate-based detergents; and the petroleum shortage. CM 29 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS Topics covered include the New England fuel oil situation; the administration's energy policy; petroleum allocations; fuel supply; the administration's options concerning the petroleum shortage; voluntary fuel oil allocation program; energy conservation; propane shortage; heating oil supply; crude oil price; proposed mandatory allocation program for petroleum and petroleum products; energy shortage; proposed Energy Office Regulation #2 entitled "Priorities for Use of Certain Low Sulphur Petroleum Products,* 38 Föderal Register23339; proposed mandatory propane allocation program; coal stockpiles; distillate fuel supply; proposed mandatory distillate fuel allocations; gasoline rationing; the administration's energy conservation program; energy legislation; general aviation fuel allocations; energy/luel situation in states and localities; and the oil-to-coal conservation program. CM 30 RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCTS CM 31 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS Topics covered include export controls on cattle hides. CM 32 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS Topics covered include bauxite supply and the proposed Nonreturnable Beverage Container Prohibition Act. CM 33 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES Topics covered include steel prices; aluminum supply; Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) surplus stocks of aluminum; stockpile commodities; disposal of stockpiles of strategic and critical materials; steel scrap; scrap export controls; price/supply of ferrous scrap; and copper supply- CM 34 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS Topics covered include shortage of steel products used in concrete construction. CM 35 MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL Topics covered include proposed regulations concerning minimum age for operation of farm trucks and equipment on highways.

14 CM 36 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY

CM 37 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT Topics covered include vehicle safety standards; Rolls Royce contract for Lockheed RB-211 engine; boxcar situation in the Northwest; Lockheed-Rolls Royce situation; Lear steam engine; the president's Executive Order #11644 entitled "Use of Off-Road Vehicles on the Public Lands"; no- fault automobile insurance; automobile emission standards; and the Clean Air Act of 1970.

CM 38 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS

CM 39 MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING : Fiche #1.1.DI Dl (Disasters)

Materials filed under the subject file category Dl (Disasters) pertain to natural and manmade disasters in the United States, its territories, and some foreign countries. A large portion of the materials consists of requests from the public, local and state officials, and congressional delegations for federal assistance in times of disasters. There are many requests for the president to make a major disaster declaration (which makes federal funds, supplies, National Guard units, the Corps of Engineers, trailer housing, and low-interest loans available to victims and affected communities) and to visit devastated areas. The primary federal organization involved with disasters was the Office of Emergency Preparedness, with the following agencies involved at a secondary level: the Small Business Administration; the Federal Housing Administration; the Farmers Home Administration; the Corps of Engineers; and the Department of Housing and Urban Development. There are numerous reports on the administration of the President's Disaster Fund and the yearly Disaster Assistance Acts. The disasters mentioned in this category include hurricanes, tornadoes, typhoons, hailstorms, snowstorms, floods, droughts, fires, earthquakes, train and subway accidents, and mudslides. The principal correspondents in the Disaster Files include the president; White House staff members such as John D. Ehrlichman, Peter M. Flanigan, Bryce N. Harlow, William E. Timmons, Tom C. Korologos, Richard K. Cook, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., John C. Whitaker, Richard M. Fairbanks, James H. Falk, Tod R. Hullin, and John C. Campbell; Office of Emergency Preparedness staff members George Lincoln and Darrell Trent; HUD's George Romney, James T. Lynn, and Frank Carlucci; and Roland Harriman, director, American Red Cross. Other frequent correspondents folbwing a particular disaster are the governors, congressmen and senators of states affected, and focal governmental officials. If the disasters were of international scope, heads of foreign governments corresponded with the president. The Shah of Iran sent many cables.

Dl DISASTERS Topics filed under Dl include information about the Federal Disaster Act; the Santa Barbara oil spill; Hurricane Camille; disaster relief revision study; requests for temporary housing following disasters; low-interest bans or forgiveness of parts of some loans; Lake Erie pollution; Committee on the Relationship between Disaster Assistance and Civil Defense; list of federal agency programs available with and without a major disaster declaration; conflict over the use of federal funds for schools that had not submitted desegregation plans, concerns over disaster relief funds not being given to poor blacks; Disaster Insurance Assistance Group; presidential message to Congress on disasterf unding; comments on fuel shortage and possible national disaster; the Office of Emergency Preparedness; and Gen. George Lincoln.

Dl 1 ACCIDENTS The topics included in Dl 1 are messages from the president to individual citizens, communities, and groups for acts of heroism or special efforts at times of disaster; the coal mine explosion in Hyden, Kentucky; the Shell Oil platform explosion; the Sunshine Silver Mine fire; and the commuter train crash in Chicago, Illinois.

DI 1/CO ACCIDENTS BY COUNTRY Topics mentioned in this subcategory are the Argentine railway disaster and a plane crash in Peru.

15 DM/ST ACCIDENTS BY STATE The topics covered in this subcategory pertain to explosions; tornadoes; train and bus accidents; the crash of the USS Yancy into the Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel; expressions of gratitude for federal support at time of disaster; and the need for more and continued emergency housing.

Dl 2 DROUGHTS 1969-1970 NATURAL DISASTERS 1971-1974 For the years 1969 and 1970, this subcategory contains materials concerned primarily with droughts and later, floods. Topics covered are the administration's activities on the droughts in the Southwest; the Interagency Drought Committee; summary reports on federal assistance afterfloods in Colorado, Arizona, and Nebraska; and then federal efforts to prepare for spring floods (Operation Foresight). For the years 1971 through 1974 the topics covered are summaries for financial aid as the result of the president's major disaster declarations; Hurricanes Edith, Fern, and Ginger; the Task Force on Disaster Insurance; earthquake relief in California; the Executive Order on Disaster Mitigation Act; Hurricane Agnes; Bob Hope's telethon for the benefit of Agnes flood victims; the Red Cross efforts in disaster relief; the presidential report, "New Approaches to Federal Disaster Preparedness and Assistance," May 8,1973; comments on the veto of changes in the Small Business Act for disaster assistance, (S. 1672); floods in Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh; African drought relief; tornadoes in Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, and Tennessee; the presidential tour April 3,1974; HR 12412 Foreign Disaster Relief Act of 1974; problems with toans from the Veterans Administration; and complaints that the federal government did not move fast enough. Dl 2/CO NATURAL DISASTERS BY COUNTRY 1969-1970

DI 2/CO-1-176 NATURAL DISASTERS BY COUNTRY 1971-1974 The materials are arranged by number of the country from the CO Subject Files. The topics covered in the 1969 and 1970 period are U.S. aid to Chile after an earthquake; cyclone in India; disastrous earthquake in Nicaragua; relief efforts after the cyclone and floods in Pakistan; earthquake in Peru; and presidential messages to the Philippines. Turkey, and Italy. In the General Files there is correspondence from American children offering aid to victims in Pakistan; description of relief efforts in Pakistan; and volunteers for relief to Nicaragua. The topics covered in the 1971 through 1974 period pertain to droughts in West and Central Africa; the appointment of Maurice Williams as special U.S. coordinator for African drought relief; eruption of a volcano in Iceland; memos concerning the Roberto Clemente Memorial Fund for Nicaraguan earthquake victims; and floods in Pakistan and Tunis. In the General Files the topics concern the drought in the Sahel in Africa; the efforts of PUSH and Jesse Jackson to get more U.S. aid to Africa; requests for the use of U.S. helicopters in the Mexican earthquake; and many children's letters about the earthquake in Nicaragua.

DI 2/ST NATURAL DISASTERS BY STATE The Executive materials of this subcategory contain the following topics: requests for major disaster declarations due to severe winter snowstorms. Hurricane Agnes, and tornadoes; correspondence from Governor George Wallace, Alabama, concerning the delay in financial assistance from OEP for victims of Hurricane Camille; the earthquake in California and the collapse of the San Fernando Veterans Administration hospital; the Sunshine Silver Mine disaster in Kellogg, Idaho; the red tide (toxic algae) off the coast of Maine; severe flooding in the Corning, New York area due to Hurricane Agnes; requests to use urban renewal funds for recovery from disasters; many requests for assistance by congressmen and senators for their districts and states; appointment of Frank Carlucci as a special representative for the president following severe floods in Pennsylvania after Hurricane Agnes; charges that Indians and blacks were discriminated against in relief operations; use of USDA emergency loan programs; requests for pre-disaster funds for migrant workers; correspondence on the Sanctified Hill earthslide in Cumberland, Kentucky; conflicts over administration of disaster relief by SBA and the Farmers Home Administration; disaster claims due to a heating oil shortage in 1973; comments and report on the fire suppression assistance on publicly and privately owned non-federal forests and grasslands; and the tornado in Xenia. Ohio.

16 Topics covered in the General File are the concerns of citizens that more money is sent to foreign governments when it should be spent on Americans; people writing in about efforts to protect victims of disasters from unscrupulous and dishonest individuals and organizations; numerous letters and clippings about the floods in Pennsylvania following Hurricane Agnes; requests for housing and loans to restart businesses; a presidential visit to affected areas; requests for SBA loans; Hurricanes Agnes and Camille; and support for the National Catastrophic Insurance Act of 1973.

Dl 3 EARTHQUAKES Topics included in this subcategory are presidential messages to foreign leaders on earthquakes in their countries; and public concern over protection of records and food reserves in case of severe earthquakes in the U.S.

DI 3/CO EARTHQUAKES BY COUNTRY In this subcategory there are letters of appreciation for American assistance after severe earthquakes and letters about an earthquake in Iran. However, most of the materials concern the earthquake in Peru and include materials about Mrs. Nixon's trip to Peru with relief supplies; efforts of many groups helping with relief in Peru, such as the Peace Corps, CARE, the Salvation Army, AMDOC (American doctors who volunteer to assist in emergencies), World Medical Relief, Inc., American Sister Cities, and U.S. churches; correspondence expressing concern over the distribution of supplies, care for victims, and adoption of Peruvian orphans; and letters concerned over the relief efforts of the USSR and Cuba.

Dl 4 FIRES The topics in this subcategory pertain to the use of the Disaster Relief Act of 1969 to suppress fires on public or private forest or grasslands if they constitute a major disaster; and the fires in California.

DI 4/ST FIRES BY STATE The materials concern requests for a presidential disaster declaration from the states of California, Idaho, and Washington, all of which suffered major fires.

Dl 5 FLOODS The topics covered in this subcategory are Operation Foresight (federal aid augmenting local and state flood preparedness activities to reduce or minimize damage due to floods) operated under the direction of OEP; floods due to Hurricane Camille; and resolutions from individuals and communities asking for flood control dams.

DI 5/ST FLOODS BY STATE The topics included in this subcategory are requests for disaster declarations due to severe flooding; summaries of federal assistance; requests from governors for supplemental allocations; f foods in California; letters from the president to individuals commending them on their efforts during Hurricane Camille; Operation Foresight; state and local community flood control plans; and OEP criteria for a major declaration of disaster.

Dl 6 STORMS Materials in this subcategory include daily reports to the president on Hurricane Camille; Red Cross fund-raising efforts for victims of Camille; foreign condolences; Bob Hope's telethon to aid Camille victims; a large amount of material on charges of racial discrimination, income discrimination, and general inefficiency of federal relief programs in Mississippi after Camille; ESSA reports on Hurricane Weather Reconnaissance; and suggestions from the general public for anticipating storms.

DI 6/CO STORMS BY COUNTRY The materials primarily pertain to the storms in Pakistan, including presidential messages, the Pakistan Relief Fund, congressional correspondence on Pakistan relief, requests and petitions for aid to Pakistan, and a large amount of material from Senator Margaret Chase Smith of Maine.

DI6/ST STORMS BY STATE The topics included in this subcategory are requests for assistance after Hurricane Camille; requests for major disaster declarations and supplemental allocations; heavy snow and ice storms in Maine; tornadoes; requests for presidential visits to affected sites; WE CARE RED CROSS

17 TELETHON for victims of Camille; and a large amount of materials from James Allen, assistant secretary for Education, concerning payments of federal funds to school districts to repair or replace facilities damaged or destroyed by Hurricane Camille.

Some related materials include: CO (Countries); FG 6-8 (Office of Emergency Preparedness); FG 74 (American Red Cross); Fl 4 (Finance-Budget/Appropriations); Fl 5-4 (Finance-Housing); Fl 5-7 (Finance-Small Business); HS (Housing); LG (Local Governments); ME (Messages); NR 6 (Natural Resources-Oil and Natural Gas); SP (Speeches); and ST (States).

Fiche #1.1.ED ED (Education)

The materials in this subject file pertain to education matters, including educational institutions (pre-school, elementary, secondary, college and university, graduate, technical, and vocational) both public and private, requirements, needs, standards, training programs, facilities, staff and students, libraries, scholarships, fellowships, and grants. The primary correspondents are: Daniel P. Moynihan, Chester Finn, Charles Wilkerson, John D. Ehrlichman, Edward Morgan, Peter M. Flanigan, Robert Finch, Sidney Marland, and Elliot Richardson.

ED EDUCATION The Education File contains requests for presidential messages, statements, speeches, meetings, and appointments for teachers, education groups, and students. There are also copies of presidential letters, messages, proclamations, and statements on educators and education issues. Throughout this file are comments, suggestions, and recommendations on ways to improve education in this country, included in this file are discussions, memos, plans, and proposals for the president's message and the National Institute of Education. There is concern expressed that the administration appeared anti-education and particularly anti-student. There are many letters and comments on student unrest on the campuses. Issues of compensatory education and IQ scholastic achievement and genetic background also appear in the correspondence. Numerous comments are made on the system of education vouchers and 1RS rulings on tax-exempt status of private schools. There are several mentions of the President's Advisory Committee on Education and the Cabinet Committee on Education. Some correspondence concerns Chancellor Alexander Heard, who functioned during the first administration as liaison between the administration and the education community. In addition, there are many petitions and letters concerning reinstating prayer in schools. There is also some material on Indian education. The General File materials contain a great many requests for presidential appointments, meetings, and messages. In addition, there is correspondence on reinstating prayer, teaching sex education, and the busing of students. Individuals and groups express concern over school financing and teacher salaries. Not only are people concerned about campus unrest and protests against the war, but also student draft deferments. There are additional materials on the education voucher system and 1RS rulings on the tax-exempt status of private schools. There are many references to the Presidential Classroom for Young Americans program. Drug abuse programs and dropouts from school are also subjects of discussion.

ED 1 BUILDING-GROUNDS-FACILITIES The Executive File materials contain correspondence on presidential messages and statements on the dedication of new school buildings. There are additional materials on the 1RS ruling of tax exemptions for private schools and desegregation. Numerous requests are made to the president for federal assistance for fuel oil for schools during the oil shortage. Additional requests are made for federal lands for construction of public schools. Comments are made on accreditatic.i issues. The General File materials concern campus disorders, including the issues of the ROTC programs on campuses and efforts to keep universities open during demonstrations. Again there are requests for federal lands for new public schools. There is much concern over cuts in school construction

18 funds. Several individuals are unhappy about consolidations and mergers of schools, particularly in rural areas. There are many petitions for prayer in schools.

ED 2 LIBRARIES in the Executive File materials there are numerous statements and dedication speeches by the president, in support of libraries. There are additional comments on financing of library services, particularly cuts in funding. There are comments on S. 1579, a bill creating a commission on libraries. Many individuals wrote in support of the Library Services and Construction Act. There are also requests for federal lands for building of libraries. The General File contains correspondence on presidential support of the Library Services and Construction Act, Title I and Title II; many protested cuts in funding of libraries. Concern is expressed about governmental agents checking library records to see what is being read and by whom.

ED 3 SCHOLARSHIPS-FELLOWSHIPS-GRANTS The Executive File materials contain presidential congratulatory messages on awards, scholarships, and grants. There are comments on the Fulbright and other foreign study scholarships and the Eisenhower Exchange Program. A large amount of correspondence concerns the Presidential Scholars Program. There is also a case concerning the National Science Board's statement on "Support and Conduct of Research and Scholarship by the Federal Government" submitted by the Ash Council. Proposals were made to set up scholarships for the children of POW/MIAs. The General File materials include requests for meetings with the president as well as messages and statements. In addition to correspondence concerning the Presidential Scholars Program, there is material about the White House Fellows Program. There are more materials pertaining to scholarships for children of POW/MIAs.

ED 4 TEACHERS In the Executive File there are numerous messages from the president to teachers. There are many letters and petrtions protesting application of Wage-Price Commission policies to teacher salaries. Throughout the file there are comments on teacher training programs supported by HEW and the Teachers Corps. Contained in the General File are presidential messages and statements. There are many letters from teachers concerned with the impact of the wage-price freeze. In addition, there are comments on desegregation of teaching faculties and teacher contracts.

ED 5 TEACHING METHODS The Executive File materials contain many suggestions for ways to improve teaching. The largest amount of material concerns educational television, particularly children's television programming. In the General File there is correspondence concerning the reduction of funds for educational television. There is information on the beginning of "Sesame Street." There are also letters and petitions pertaining to sex education being taught in the public schools.

ED 6 RIGHT TO READ [1969-1970] The Executive File contains some congratulatory letters from the president, but most of the materials concern the establishment and development of the Right to Read program. The General File consists of offers to assist in the Right to Read program and Project Harlem- Opportunity.

ED 6 EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS [1971-1974] The Executive File contains memos and plans for a presidential appearance on educational television. There is also some correspondence concerning the difficulties in securing HEW funds for the Right to Read Program. In the General File there is more material concerning the Right to Read program funds. There are also some comments on the Pyramid of Success program and bilingual education.

Other subject files include: FA 3 (Federal Aid to Education); FG 23 (Department of Hearth, Education and Welfare); FG 23-6 (Office of Education); FG 288 (President's Commission on Campus Unrest); Fl 5-6 (Credit-Loans-Schools); Fl 5-6-1 (Student-Teachers); HE 8 (Research-Health); HU 2-1 (Equality-Education-Schooling); HU 3-1 (Campus

19 Unrest); IN (Indians); LA 6 (Labor-Strikes); ND 14 (National Defense-Service Schools); ND 21 (Military Deferment- Draft); VA 3 (Veterans Affairs-Educational Programs); WE 9 (Youth Programs); and WE 10-1 (Head Start Programs).

Fiche #1.1. FE FE (Federal Government) This subject category contains material pertaining to the establishment, organization, and reorganization of the federal government as a whole, and related subjects such as the Constitution, Declaration of Independence, executive orders, proclamations, heraldry, historical matters, and records. The Executive categories mainly include correspondence from the president, White House staff, and administration officials, while the General categories mainly contain White House staff replies to private citizens and businessmen promoting services to the government. Primary correspondents include John R. Brown III, William E. Timmons, Noble M. Melencamp, James Keogh, and John D. Ehrlichman.

FE-rFE 1 -3 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT; BILL OF RIGHTS These categories include a few documents relating to the donation of presidential papers; and proposals for a "National Respect for Authority Day' and the relocation of the Capitol to South Dakota. FE 2 CAPITOL The Executive category includes materials concerning presidential visits to the Capitol and the president's correspondence with the U.S. Capitol Historical Society; appointment of the Capitol architect; and House Joint Resolution 736, a Capitol restoration feasibility study. The General category contains requests from private citizens and organizations for tours, staging ceremonies, and information concerning preservation problems and the history of the Capitol. FE 3 CEREMONIALS-PROTOCOL This category includes information concerning the protocol for flags, dignitaries' visits, bill-signing and medal of honor ceremonies, precedence lists, and presidential arrivals at Andrews Air Force Base. FE 3-1 DEATHS-FUNERALS This category contains correspondence, presidential messages, and proclamations concerning the deaths of prominent United States citizens and international figures, including Louis Armstrong, J. Edgar Hoover. Ralph Bunche, Hugo Black, David Ben-Gurion, Lester Pearson, the assasinated Khartoum hostages, Ambassador Cleo Noel and Deputy Chief of Mission George Moore. FE 3-1 /FG 2 DEATHS-FUNERALS/FORMER PRESIDENTS The Executive category covers the White House arrangements for the funerals of Presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and Johnson, and the correspondence of the president and State Department with the former presidents' families and heads of foreign countries. The General category includes private citizens' correspondence to the president containing tributes to former presidents and comments about the funeral services. FE 4 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES A proposed Constitutional Convention; the Bicentennial; the Equal Rights Amendment; busing; the 26th Amendment (eighteen-year-old vote); and an impeachment resolution for Justice William Douglas are among the topics in this category. FE 4-1-4-3 PRESIDENTIAL POWERS; PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSIONS; PRESIDENTIAL TERM OF OFFICE These categories include information concerning presidential War Powers legislation; the Cooper- Church amendment on Cambodia; the relationship of the Domestic Council and Congress; use of the presidential veto; a bill to amend executive privilege (S. 1125); and correspondence concerning access to presidential papers and other Watergate-related material.

20 • FE 5 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE This category contains suggestions for the Bicentennial; private citizens' personal declarations of independence; and school children's correspondence.

FE 6 EXECUTIVE ORDERS Numerous proposed or published executive orders are found in this category. Subjects include domestic and international trade; civil rights; the environment; labor-management relations; civilian and military pay and other federal government policies; formations of presidential advisory commissions and councils; and inspections of income tax forms by various congressional committees.

FE 7 HERALDRY This category includes materials concerning the history and customs of the American and presidential flags; the presidential seal and coat of arms; the national anthem; the flag on the president's helicopter; and suggestions for flag ceremonies during the Apollo XII moon landing.

FE 7-1 FLAGS American flag designs and other patriotic art; flag protocol; pledge of allegiance ceremonies; antiwar flag burning demonstrations; the wearing of American flags and flag lapel pins on police uniforms; and donations and requests for American flags are among the topics in this category. For state flags see ST; for flags of foreign countries see CO; for flags of ships see TN. For requests of flags flown over the White House or Capitol see PR.

FE 7-2 SEALS-COATS OF ARMS This category includes the laws and customs pertaining to the use of: the Great Seal; coat of arms and flags of the president; the vice presidential and departmental seals such as the Office of Management and Budget, Environmental Protection Agency, and National Credit Administration; Bicentennial activities; a history and commercial uses of the Great Seal; and the use of a seal similar to the president's by the Republican National Committee, are also covered.

FE 7-2-1 PRESIDENTS [SEAL-COAT OF ARMS] Regulations concerning and requests for the use of the president's seal and signature are found in this category.

FE 8 HISTORY-HISTORICAL EVENTS George Washington; Francis Drake; Dr. Samuel Mudd; James Buchanan; Bourke Cockran of Tammany Hall;the Battle of Point Pleasant, West Virginia (1774);the Cuban invaston (1961); and the former members of the Congress Oral History Project are among the subjects in this category.

FE 9 MANAGEMENT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM This category contains material concerning the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) Management Improvement Program; White House and OMB monitoring of the agencies' implementation of presidential policies; the President's Advisory Council on Management Improvement; computer applications; management of bureaucracies by political appointees; unemployment; the Freedom of Information Act; and the 1971 Presidential Management Improvement Awards. For paperwork management see FE 14. FE 10-10-3 NATIONAL EMBLEMS; NATIONAL ANTHEM; NATIONAL FLOWER; NATIONAL MOTTO These categories include suggestions for national symbols. Suggestions for the playing of the national anthem at football games, in Peking, and on the lunar surface, including correspondence from Colonel Frank Borman, USAF, to the president; and arguments for and against retaining the National Anthem are found in the files.

FE 11 NATIONAL EMERGENCY This category contains material concerning national emergency contingency plans; emergency preparedness; emergency functions of the Treasury Department; national resource shortages; and presidential emergency powers. FE12 PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES-MUSEUMS Tax laws for donated papers; preservation projects of the presidential libraries (1971 ); a meeting of John D. Ehrlichman and John W. Dean III with presidential library directors; donations of papers

21 and museum objects to the presidential libraries; the Herbert Hoover Oral History Program; and Richard M. Nixon Foundation correspondence are among the topics in this category.

FE 12/FG 2 PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES/FORMER PRESIDENTS This category contains correspondence with presidential library directors concerning topics such as the rededication of the Eisenhower Library; Herbert Hoover's 100th birthday celebration; and the staffing, dedication, declassification policies, and Civil Rights Symposium at the Johnson Library. Other subjects in this category include presidential library donations and acquisitions; Senator J. William Fulbright's request for Vietnam materials in the Johnson Library; and the presentation of condolence messages from world leaders to Mrs. Truman and Mrs. Eisenhower.

FE12-1- INCUMBENT PRESIDENT; BACKGROUND DOCUMENTS; ACQUISITION PROGRAMS; AUDIO- 12-1-2-3 VISUAL; GOVERNMENT HISTORY, MICROFILMING AND COLLECTING; MONETARY DONATIONS These categories include materials concerning the disposition of President Nixon's prepresidential and presidential papers; solicitations and offers of donations; suggestions for the future Nixon Library's site, staff, and programs; Richard M. Nixon Foundation activities; and two Richard Nixon oral history projects conducted at Whittier State College and California State College, Fullerton. Frequent correspondents include John D. Ehrlichman, John W. Dean III, John Nesbitt, Walter Barbash, Edward Morgan, and Leonard Firestone and Lois Gaunt of the Nixon Foundation.

FE13 PROCLAMATIONS Copies of and requests for proclamations concerning historical events; individuals; organizations; sports; national holidays; and popular issues such as health, safety, veterans, prisoners of war, and missing in action service personnel are contained in this category.

FE14-1 RECORDS-ARCHIVES This category includes topics pertaining to paperwork management; indexing and filing systems; microfilming; retention and disposal of records; correspondence, reports, and forms management. Matters concerning the Office of Presidential Papers; the disposition of presidential papers; the National Security Council; security classification procedures; income tax and custom forms simpli- fication; and access to government records are found in the files.

FE 14-1 ACCESS TO RECORDS Approved and unapproved requests from the public, courts, congressional committees, and government agencies to inspect government records are found in this file. There are many standard congressional requests to examine income tax records as part of investigatory hearings. Othertopics include a request from Senator J. William Fulbright to examine Johnson-era Vietnam papers; Freedom of Information Act requests and legislation; and National Archives and Interagency Review Committee document declassification procedures. FE 14-2 RECEIPTS FOR RECORDS RETAINED. RETURNED OR REFERRED TO DEPARTMENTS OR AGENCIES This category comprises nearly one-third of the FE files. The material consists of carbon and electrostatic copies of correspondence containing money, checks, or other documents that were returned to the sender or forwarded to the appropriate government agency or the Republican National Committee. The correspondence includes requests from the general public for presidential assistance with Social Security; veteran's benefits; military careers; tax returns; coin collections; government publications; photos; birth certificates; and welfare aid. Returned draft cards; requests for conscientious objector and hardship military status or service in Vietnam; other comments concerning the Vietnam War; donations toward the alleviation of starvation in the United States, Biafra, and Pakistan; the moon landing of Apollo 11 ; and the freedom of Cuban prisoners are also among the files. Related material includes: FG (Federal Agencies); FG 2 (Former Presidents); FG 71 (Advisory Council on Historic Preservation); FG 175 (National Publications Commission); PA (Parks-Monuments); and WH (White House).

22 Fiche #1.1.FG 6-4 FG6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council) FG 6-4 files pertain to the National Aeronautics and Space Council's functions and personnel. Among the principal correspondents are the president; chairman of the council, Vice President Agnew; executive secretaries E.G. Welsh and William Anders; Lee A. DuBridge; Peter M. Flanigan; Roy Ash; and George P. Shultz.

FG 6-4 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL Activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Council (NASC) are documented in the Executive File and reflected through reports such as the President's Annual Report to Congress, the Council's weekly reports to the president, and its progress reports on aerospace manufacturing and air transport industries study. Other materials include meeting agendas and correspondence on a variety of topics that include the Ash Council recommendation to abolish the NASC; arguments for retaining the council and recommendations for its future; council participation in the review of the problem of international technology transfer; NASC views on the SST program; nuclear safety review; cooperation with the European space community; earth resources survey satellites; aerospace industry research and development; aerospace industry unemployment; an advisory panel's report on space shuttle configurations proposed by NASA; and administrative matters such as personnel appointments and the preparation and distributtan of reports. Materials in the General File pertain to the position of executive secretary of the NASC; a proposal for using the capabilities of the aerospace industry in other areas of management and technology; an Apollo flight memento; and two articles by NASA historian Eugene Emme entitled: "The Challenge of Space," and "Space, Past and Future." Mr. Emme was considered for the position of executive secretary of the NASC. FG 6-4/A NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL The Executive File contains documents about the nomination and the swearing-in ceremony of William Anders as executive secretary of the National Aeronautics and Space Council. Related materials in the Central Files include: UT 1 (Communications Satellites); FG 6-11-1/DuBridge, Lee (DuBridge, Lee); FG 33-17 (House Committee on Science and Aeronautics [Astronautics]); SC 2-3 (Meteorological Rockets and Satellites); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); SC (Sciences); and FG 36-1 (Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences). Fiche #1.1.FG 6-9 FG6-9 (Office of Science and Technology) FG 6-9 contains materials pertaining to the Office of Science and Technology (OST), which was established by the Executive Office of the President, effective June 8,1962, and was abolished June 30,1973, when its functions were transferred to the National Science Foundation. The purpose of the Office of Science and Technology, as described in the 1970-1971 Government Organization Manual, was "to advise and assist the president with respect to developing policies and evaluating and coordinating programs to assure that science and technology are used most effectively in the interests of national security and general welfare.* Principal correspondents include the president, Peter M. Flanigan, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., and other White House executives; successive OST directors Lee A. DuBridge and Edward E. David, Deputy Director Hubert Heff ner, and Executive Officer Frank Pagnotta; and numerous congressmen, businessmen, scientists, and academic leaders.

FG 6-9 OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY The Executive File contains materials concerning the organization, administration, policies, and programs of the Office of Science and Technology. Included are agendas, talking points, and reports of meetings between the president and OST director; presidential messages to Congress submitting

23 annual reports on scientific activities; and Interagency Power Plant Siting Study Group meeting reports. Other materials relate to administrative concerns, such as the reorganization of the federal science establishment; the role of the OST within the framework of the Domestic Council; personnel appointments, swearing-in ceremonies, endorsements, and resignations; fiscal year budget items; and procedural matters such as mail referral. Much of the correspondence concerns evaluation of various reports generated by the President's Science Advisory Committee, the Space Task Group, the Task Force on Science and Technotogy, and one inherited from the Johnson administration by Walt Rostow on telecommunications policy. Among the wide range of topics also in the Executive File are a presidential statement on technological goals; high-energy electrical transmission; unemployment among scientists and engineers; research and development in the fields of science, energy, marine resources, and health sciences; research abroad under PL 480; ownership and financing of Atomic Energy Commission uranium enrichment plants; oil import controls; environmental organizations, conferences, and problems; supersonic transport (SST); satellites; and technology transfer. The General File topics mirror those of the Executive File and include appointments and endorsements; reorganization of federal science agencies; utilities site selection; energy and environmental concerns; mining and mineral policy; a domed, climate-controlled city on the Bering Straits; inventors and innovation; the New Technology Opportunities Program; and scientist Murray Gell-Mann's suggested alternatives for the space program omitted from the Space Task Group report. FG 6-9-1 ADVISORY PANEL ON PRESIDENTIAL PRIZES FOR INNOVATION The Executive File concerns nominees for prizes, and contains a list of Committee members. Related White House Central File subject categories include: UT 1 (Communications Satellites); FG 6-11-1/ DuBridge, Lee (DuBridge, Lee); FG 119 (Federal Council for Science and Technology); FG 33-17 (House Committee on Science and Aeronautics [Astronautics]); IT 40 (International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium); SC 2-3 (Meteorological Rockets and Satellites); FG 152 (National Academy of Sciences); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council); FG 182 (National Science Foundation); FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee); SC (Sciences); FG 36-1 (Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences); and FG 221 (Task Forces).

Fiche #1.1.FG 12 FG12 (Department of Treasury) Subject file FG 12 materials pertain to the Department of Treasury and its subordinate offices. The principal correspondents are the president and White House staff members such as H.R. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman, Egil Krogh, Jr., John C. Whitaker, Bryce N. Harlow, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Arthur F. Burns, Paul W. McCracken, Daniel P. Moynihan, Herbert G. Klein, Peter M. Flanigan, Dwight L. Chapin, William E. Timmons, Richard K. Cook, Jonathan A. Rose, Peter G. Peterson, Henry A. Kissinger, Murray Weidenbaum, Patrick O'Donnell, Richard Erb, Harry Flemming, Noble M. Melencamp, Ann L Armstrong, and many others. Other main correspondents are Department of Treasury executives such as David Kennedy, John Connally, William Simon, George P. Shultz, Charles Walker, Eugene Rossides. James Rowley, Paul Eggers, and Paul Volcker.

FG 12 DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY Materials filed under FG 12 pertain to activity at the level of the office of secretary. Documented are budget, personnel, and administrative activities concerning meetings, specific programs and reports. Included among the latter, are various annual reports to Congress as required by law, executive orders, special reports, and studies by task forces and advisory groups. There are numerous references to meetings of CEA, CIEP, Quariad, and Troika, which all concerned economic matters. The following topics are found in this file: administration and agency concern over taxes and tax policies; tax reform plans and legislation; the issue of income tax underwithholding; concern over Jk value-added tax; the use of tax incentives to encourage private enterprise; the surtax; and the windfall ^F profits tax. 24 Present, too, in this subcategory is documentation of the all-out efforts of the administration to explain the new economic policy through dinners, meetings, and speeches; creation of Gideon's Army, which consisted of leading businessmen willing to speak and work in support of the administratbn economic policies; and explanation by administration officials of "Phase IV" programs. Throughout the subcategory are discussions about inflation, including discussions about the use of wage-price controls to stem inflation; the wage-price freeze; interest rate ceilings and debt ceilings; and the concern of the administration, the business community, and the general public over the rapid growth in the cost of living. Also mentioned are the problems with the Social Security program and a need for pension reform. Deep concern over oil shortages can be found in this subcategory, as well as the oil and gas depletion allowances; the Trans-Alaskan pipeline; the "rollback* on crude oil policies; and lead additives in gasoline. Reflected in the file are the efforts to stimulate U.S. exports by tax deferrals; consideration of problems with dumping ; development of anti-dumping procedures; mention of the Volcker Group and sanctions; countervailing duties; the Treasury study on deterioration of U.S. trade balance; and concern over foreign investment in the U.S. Contained here are recommendations by the President's Advisory Council on Executive Organi- zation, to move the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs from the Department of Treasury to the Department of Justice; as well as discussions and efforts to control the growing drug problems, especially the flow of drugs from overseas. Special subjects covered are revenue sharing; one-bank holding companies; issuance of the Eisenhower dollar; federal home loan banks; funds for the movie industry; use of minority banks; guaranteed student loan programs; and the 1RS rulings regarding exemptions for racially discriminatory private schools. The following groups were formed during the Nixon administration and appear in this subcategory: the Cabinet Committee on Economic Policy; the Council on International Economic Policy; the Cabinet Task Force on Oil Import Controls; the President's Task Force on Business Taxation; the Exchange Stablization Fund; and the Energy Emergency Action Group. GEN FG 12 DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY Many letters from the public expressing concern over tax reform, inflation, and energy shortages are found in this file. There are also numerous requests for the president and the secretary of the treasury to speak on economic topics such as oil policy, the energy shortage, wage-price freeze, and the Cost of Living Council.

FG 12/A APPOINTMENTS Materials found here refer mainly to the major appointments in the Department of Treasury, such as the selection of secretary: David Kennedy, John Connally, George P. Shultz, and William Simon; undersecretaries: Charles Walker, Paul Volcker; assistant secretaries: Edwin Cohen, Eugene Rossides, and Murray Weidenbaum; and general council Paul Eggers. There are also resignation letters and plans for swearing-in ceremonies.

FG 12-1 APPOINTMENT OF SECRETARY AND STAFF OFFICIALS Nothing of note. FG 12-2 DEPUTY-UNDERSECRETARY Empty.

FG12-3 ASSISTANT SECRETARIES Empty. FG 12-4 COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, OFFICE OF THE This file contains information on the appointment of a replacement for William Camp.

25 FG 12-5 CUSTOMS. BUREAU OF Located in this file are comments on hiring and retiring in several customs off ices; the influx of drugs into this country; and some of the activities of the service. There are also discussions about the relationship of the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs to Customs; problems between Customs agents and the border police; and the relationship of Customs with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms. Letters of presidential commendation to agents are found in this file.

FG 12-6 ENGRAVING AND PRINTING, BUREAU OF Contains only information about appointments.

FG 12-7 FISCAL SERVICE Numerous recommendations of individuals to be named treasurer of the United States are found in this file. Following the death of Dorothy Elston Kabis, Ramona Banuelos was appointed treasurer. There are many requests for her to speak. There are also letters sending in checks to be applied to the national debt.

FG 12-7-1 TREASURER OF U.S.. OFFICE OF There are comments on appointments and recommendations. There are many invitations to social events. FG12-8 INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE This file contains recommendattons for the position of commissioner of the 1RS, including the appointment of Randolph Thrower. Throughout this file are requests for exemptions from taxation, such as public interest law firms. Concern of underwitholding is expressed. This file also contains correspondence concerned with the simplified tax form centers throughoutthe U.S. A meeting of 1RS leaders on oil company audits is mentioned.

FG 12-8/A APPOINTMENTS This file contains the resignation of Randolph Thrower and the nomination of Johnnie Walters as commissioner. When Walters resigned, Donald Alexander was appointed. Also included are the resignation of chief counsel Lee Henkel and the appointment of Meade Whitaker.

FG 12-9 LEGAL DIVISION (GENERAL COUNSEL) This file contains the selection of Sam Peirce to be general counsel.

FG 12-10 MINT. BUREAU OF THE Correspondence concerns the striking of the presidential medal series; issuing the Eisenhower dollar; the needs of the Mint for copper; efforts to preserve and restore the San Francisco Mint building; requests for appointment to the U.S. Assay Commission; and nominations to the annual assay commissions. Other materials concern swearing-in ceremonies for the director of the Mint and requests for the director to speak to groups. Since several of the directors were women, there are also memos concerning top-level women in government.

FG12-10/A APPOINTMENTS ,,.,_.. D L. Materials pertain to nominations of superintendents of the Mint, such as Betty Higby, Mary Brooks, and Nicholas Theodore.

FG 12-10-1 UN ITED STATES ASSAY OFFICE Nominations of superintendents of the U.S. assay offices are found in this file.

FG 12-10-2 ANNUAL ASSAY COMMISSIONS There are appointments to the annual assay commissions in this file.

FG 12-11 SECRET SERVICE, UNITED STATES . , Within these materials are formal requests for Secret Service protecton for visiting foreign dignitaries- requests for passes to the White House complex; arrangements for trips; accred.tat.on for members of the press; letters of commendation; concern over planned peace demonstrations; and problems that developed between top aides and the Secret Service agents.

26 FG 12-11 -1 EXECUTIVE PROTECTIVE SERVICE Earliest material concerns the name change of the White House police -force to the Executive Protective Service (EPS), which entailed an increase from 250 to 850 members. During the Nixon pertod the Embassy Protection Bill was passed by Congress. The EPS was assigned to protect foreign missions in New York. There are also letters of commendation and requests for jobs. One controversial issue•the purchasing of new uniforms•caused a great amount of correspondence from the general public and members of Congress. FG 12-12 UNITED STATES SAVINGS BOND DIVISION There are numerous requests for the president to meet with payroll savings groups. There are also recommendations for chairmen of these groups and recommendations for director of the Division. Some references appear to show that the Nixon administration sought to dismantle this division. FG 12-13 ENVIRONMENTAL FINANCING AUTHORITY In this file are appointments to the board of directors of the Environmental Financing Authority. FG 12-14 FEDERAL FINANCING BANK There is the executive order establishing the Federal Financing Bank Advisory Council. FG 12-14/A APPOINTMENTS Contains appointments to the board of directors. FG 12-14-1 FEDERAL FINANCING BANK ADVISORY COUNCIL There is the announcement of the appointment of the secretary of the treasury to the council. The new appointee is acting chairman of the council. Also present is the executive order establishing the Council. Related materials in White House Central Files subject files include: BE (Business-Economits); CM (Commodities); FA (Federal Aid); Fl (Finance); FO (Foreign Affairs); JL (Judicial-Legal Matters); SP (Speeches);TA (Trade);TR (Trips); WE (Welfare); and WH (White House Administration). Fiche #1.1.FG 19-9 FG 19-9 (Bureau of Indian Affairs) The Bureau of Indian Affairs was created in 1842 within the War Department, and established within the Department of the Interior in 1849. Additional authorizations are provided by the Snyder Act of 1921 (42 Slat. 208; U.S.C. 13) and the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 (48 Stat. 984; 25 U.S.C. 461 et seq.). Primaiy correspondents in this category are President Richard Nixon, William E. Timmons, James Keogh, and Bradley Patterson, Jr. The Executive category includes material relating to the appointments of successive commissioners of Indian Affairs; and the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) budget, staff reductions, reorganizations, programs, publications, and policies. The General category contains correspondence from various government and Indian tribal officials and the general public, relating to topics such as Indian legislation in Congress, the BIA occupation and Alcatraz demonstration, the reorganization of the BIA, and the reassignment of BIA official William Veeder. Related information includes: FG 39-6 (Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration); FG 142 (Indian Claims Commission); FG 173 (National Council on Indian Opportunity); FG 279 (Tahoe Regional Planning Agency); FG 999 (Indian Trust Council Authority); and IN (Indian Affairs). Fiche #1.1.FG 30-46 FG 30-46 (Federal Government file numbers 30 through 46 comprising files on Legislative Branch subjects) The subject category is composed of correspondence, notes, cables, transcripts of testimony, press releases, referrals, cross-references, resume's, guest lists, schedules, itineraries, postcards, and printed materials concerning the

27 administration's relationship with the legislative branch. Also documented, under the rubnc Presse*^ofthe Senate^ are the activities of vfce presidents Spiro T. Agnew and Gerald R. Ford. C""*0^"?*?^ William E. T.mmons. Kenneth BeLieu. Lyn Nofz^er. Harry S. Dent, Harry Flemmmg H. R. HaWeman John D. Ehrlbhman. Herbert G. Klein, Daniel P. Moynihan. Kenneth R. Cole. Jr.. Genera. James D. Hug es Dw^htL Chapm. Peter M. F.anigan. Murray Chotiner. Hugh W. Sloan. Jr.. Clark MacGregor »^^^' ^^•**% Richard K Cook Tom C. Korologos. Alexander P. Butteriield. Max L. Fr.edersdorf. Noble M. Melencamp Peter G. P Î"on J^n Nilhuss Melvin Uird. Ronald L Ziegter. Anne L. Armstrong. Terrence^•onne.L Genera, Alender M Haig. Rose Mary Woods. Spiro T. Agnew. C. Stanley Blair. W. Ernst Minor. John M. Damgard. PatrK* E. O Donnall.

^BeÏuse of changes made in the White House Central Files filing scheme at the beginning^^; "^ subcategories exist only for the years 1969 and 1970. This is true of most of the subcategones wrth th.rd numbers .n theirfilecodes: forexamp.e.ExFG 33-17-1 HouseCommrttees-Scienceand^«»nMte^utomn^tathM. cases, and in the cases of al. other file categories whose contents fail to document at leas four of the Uxon administration's six years, the years covered are indicated in brackets; for example. [1969 andrwj|. As of August 1969. Bryce N. Hartow was head of the congress.onal l.aison staff; Lamar Alexander was hs administrative assistant; William E. T.mmons and William Casse.man were in charge of .Uuson wti, the Hous.. rf Representatives, while Kenneth E. BeLieu and Gene Cowen provided liaison w.th the Senate; Lyn Nota«« _tendW «ngressional p blic relations; and Dale Grubb and John Nidecker were in charge of specal projects, one d wh«h hand ed by Nidecker. was to give advance information to concerned members of Congress on the award.ng of federal •ntradsÜon February 5.1970. William E. Timmons succeeded Bryce N. Harlow as head of the congress,ona. ..a.son staff.

FG30 THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH . Topics covered include White House-Congress liaison; supplemental appropnaHon requests, and government reorganization. THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES FG31 Topics covered include White House-Congress liaison; appointments; requests for presidents photographs; congressional activrty during the president's absences from Washington; congressional attendance at White House functions; schedule proposals; status reports on adm.mstrat.on legislative initiatives; allocation of perquisites to members of Congress; and other dornest« and foreign policy issues.

FG31/ST1-52 THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES/STATES FG31/STA-Z THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES/STATES

FG31/C01 THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES/CONGRESS Topics covered include appointments; water projects; milrtary facilrty closmgs; subs.d.es and grants- proposed regulations; commodity prices; protective trade practices; and other foreign and domestic policy issues. The file is composed primarily of cross references.

FG31-1 L EGISLATIVE LEADERSHIP MEETINGS Top^»ver¡^nc.ude the proposal of. preparation for. record of •^«>£•£" at le^slative leadership meetings; and expressions of appreciation to the pressent by attendees at the meetings.

FG32 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FG32/ST

.tonal »lina .«»-els; While HoiKe-Cong-ess Ikison; and preparalion lor mMmv w«h •mb.rs of Congress.

FG33 HOUSE COMMITTEES HOUSE COMMITTEES•AGRICULTURE FG 33-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES-AGRICULTURE-SUBCOMMirrEES FG 33-1-1

28 FG 33-2 HOUSE COMMITTEES•APPROPRIATIONS FG 33-2-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•APPROPRIATIONS•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-3 HOUSE COMMITTEES•ARMED SERVICES FG 33-3-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•ARMED SERVICES•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-4 HOUSE COMMITTEES•BANKING AND CURRENCY FG 33-4-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•BANKING AND CURRENCY•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-5 HOUSE COMMITTEES•DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA FG 33-5-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-6 HOUSE COMMITTEES•EDUCATION AND LABOR FG 33-6-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•EDUCATION AND LABOR•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-7 HOUSE COMMITTEES•FOREIGN AFFAIRS FG 33-7-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•FOREIGN AFFAIRS•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-8-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES-GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-9 HOUSE COMMITTEES•HOUSE ADMINISTRATION FG 33-9-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•HOUSE ADMINISTRATION•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-10 HOUSE COMMITTEES•INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS FG 33-10-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-11 HOUSE COMMITTEES•INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN COMMERCE FG 33-11 -1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN COMMERCE•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-12 HOUSE COMMITTEES-JUDICIARY FG 33-12-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES-JUDICIARY•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-13 HOUSE COMMITTEES•MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES FG 33-13-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-14 HOUSE COMMITTEES•POST OFFICE AND CIVIL SERVICE FG 33-14-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•POST OFFICE AND CIVIL SERVICE•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-15 HOUSE COMMITTEES•PUBLIC WORKS FG 33-15-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•PUBLIC WORKS•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-16 HOUSE COMMITTEES•PUBLIC WORKS FG 33-16-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•PUBLIC WORKS•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-17 HOUSE COMMITTEES•SCIENCE AND ASTRONAUTICS FG 33-17-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•SCIENCE AND ASTRONAUTICS•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-18 HOUSE COMMITTEES•STANDARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT FG 33-18-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•STANDARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-19 HOUSE COMMITTEES•INTERNAL SECURITY FG 33-19-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•INTERNAL SECURITY•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 33-20 HOUSE COMMITTEES•VETERANS' AFFAIRS

29 FG 33-20-1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•VETERANS' AFFAIRS•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 33-21 HOUSE COMMITTEES•WAYS AND MEANS

FG 33-21 -1 HOUSE COMMITTEES•WAYS AND MEANS•SUBCOMMITTEES Topics covered include issues within the purview of the various committees; invitations to White House staff to testify before committees; and congressional requests for White House documents. Many transcripts of testimony given before the committees by administration and other witnesses are present in this file.

FG 34 SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE : Topics covered include the president's meetings with the speaker; White House social events at which the speaker is present; proposed legislation; and official amenities. In addition, this category contains official presidential communications with the speaker, whose purposes include forwarding reports, transmitting treaties, giving notification of addrtions to the Wilderness Preservation System, and requesting appropriation amendments.

FG 35 SENATE Topics covered include appointment requests; Senate internal politics; the Senate legislative schedule; the medical condition of some senators; and requests for photographs of the president.

FG 36 SENATE COMMITTEES

FG 36-1 SENATE COMMITTEES-AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES

FG 36-1-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-2 SENATE COMMITTEES•AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

FG 36-2-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-3 SENATE COMMITTEES•APPROPRIATIONS

FG 36-3-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•APPROPRIATIONS•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-4 SENATE COMMITTEES-FARMED SERVICES

FG 36-4-1 SENATE COMM ITTEES•ARMED SERVICES•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-5 SENATE COMMITTEES•BANKING AND CURRENCY [1969-1972] FG 36-5 SENATE COMMITTEES•BANKING. HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS [1973-1974]

FG 36-5-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•BANKING AND CURRENCY•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-6 SENATE COMMITTEES•COMMERCE

FG 36-6-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•COMMERCE•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-7 SENATE COMMITTEES-OISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

FG 36-7-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-8 SENATE COMMITTEES•FINANCE

FG 36-8-1 SENATE COMMITTEES-FINANCE-SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-9 SENATE COMMITTEES•FOREIGN RELATIONS

FG 36-9-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•FOREIGN RELATIONS•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-10 SENATE COMMITTEES•GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS

FG 36-10-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-11 SENATE COMMITTEES•INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS

FG 36-11 -1 SENATE COMMITTEES•INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS-SUBCOMMITTEES

30 FG 36-12 SENATE COMMITTEES-JUDICIARY

FG 36-12-1 SENATE COMMITTEES-JUDICIARY•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-13 SENATE COMMITTEES•LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE

FG 36-13-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-14 SENATE COMMITTEES•POST OFFICE AND CIVIL SERVICE

FG 36-14-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•POST OFFICE AND CIVIL SERVICE•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-15 SENATE COMMITTEES•PUBLIC WORKS "

FG 36-15-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•PUBLIC WORKS•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 36-16 SENATE COMMITTEES•RULES AND ADMINISTRATION

FG 36-16-1 SENATE COMMITTEES•RULES AND ADMINISTRATION•SUBCOMMITTEES Topics covered include internal politics of committee staffs; issues being considered by the various committees; and the issue of whether White House staff should testify before the committees. Many transcripts of testimony given before the committees by administration and other witnesses are present in this file.

FG 37 SELECT AND SPECIAL COMMITTEES OF THE SENATE Topics covered include issues being considered before the various committees, and, particularly, those being considered by the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. Transcripts of testimony given before the committees by administration and other witnesses are present in this file. FG 38 PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE This file category would better be entitled "Vice President of the United States," since only a small part of its contents concern the vice president's duties as president of the Senate. Topics covered in the Executive File include intergovernmental relations; oceanography; opinions aroused by the vice president's speeches; speaking invitations; schedule proposals; the vice president's use of White House facilities; and White House social events at which the vice president is present. Also included is presidential correspondence with the president of the Senate concerning proposed legislation. Topics covered in the General File include public response to Spiro T. Agnew's speeches of late 1969 and early 1970, and particularly to his speech of November 14,1969, given in Des Moines, Iowa, attacking the news media; acknowledgements for receipt of gifts and information; expressions of appreciation for support; invitations to speak, attend meetings and conferences, and officiate at public events; and Spiro T. Agnew's place on the 1972 ticket. FG 38/A PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE/APPOINTMENT OF A VICE PRESIDENT Topics covered include Spiro T. Agnew's resignation from the vice presidency; recommendattons for a successor; the announcement of the Gerald Ford nomination and reaction to the nomination; White House liaison with Congress concerning Ford's confirmation; and planning and scheduling the swearing-in ceremony, December 6,1973.

FG 38-1 FORMER VICE PRESIDENTS Topics covered include the placement of Spiro T. Agnew's staff after his resignation; and the congressional inquiry into the expense of post-resignation sen/ices provided to the former vice president.

FG 39 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS

FG 39-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•ATOMIC ENERGY

FG 39-1-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•ATOMIC ENERGY•SUBCOMMITTEES

FG 39-2 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•DEFENSE PRODUCTION

31 FG 39-2-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•DEFENSE PRODUCTION•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 39-3 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•DISPOSITION OF EXECUTIVE PAPERS FG 39-3-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•DISPOSITION OF EXECUTIVE PAPERS- SUBCOMMITTEES FG39-4 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•INTERNAL REVENUE TAXATION FG 39-4-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•INTERNAL REVENUE TAXATION- SUBCOMMITTEES FG 39-5 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•LIBRARY FG 39-5-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•LIBRARY•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 39-6 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•NAVAJO-HOPI INDIAN ADMINISTRATION FG 39-6-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•NAVAJO-HOPI INDIAN ADMINISTRATION- SUBCOMMITTEES FG 39-7 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•PRINTING FG 39-7-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•PRINTING•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 39-8 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS•REDUCTION OF NONESSENTIAL FEDERAL EXPENDITURES FG 39-8-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS-FIEDUCTION OF NONESSENTIAL FEDERAL EXPENDITURES•SUBCOMMITTEES FG 39-9 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS-JOINT ECONOMIC COMMITTEE FG 39-9-1 JOINT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS-^JOINT ECONOMIC COMMITTEE- SUBCOMMITTEES Topics covered include issues being considered by various committees, and White House liaisons with members of the committees. Transcripts of testimony given before the committees by administratbn and other witnesses are present in this file. FG40 ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL FG 40/A ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL/APPOINTMENTS Topics covered include improvement projects for the Capitol and for Pennsylvania Avenue; appropriations for the architect of the Capitol; and the appointment of a new architect of the Capitol. FG41 CAPITOL POLICE FG42 CAPITOL PAGE SCHOOL Topics covered include the president's signing of graduation certificates; the visit of graduates and their families to the White House; appointments to the school ; and the desire of women to be admitted to the school. FG43 UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN FG44 GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE FG44/A GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE/APPOINTMENTS Topics covered include White House cooperation with General Accounting Office investigations and with the consequent requests for White House documents; legislation concerning the General Accounting Office; the president's meeting with the comptroller general; and the appointment of a new assistant comptroller general. Copies of Comptroller General Election Form 2, reporting campaign expenditures, are present in this file. FG45 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

32 FG 45/A GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE/APPOINTMENTS Topics covered include ink standards for archival material; White House printing requests; and the appointment of a new public printer. FG 46 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

FG 46/A LIBRARY OF CONGRESS/APPOINTMENTS Topics covered include White House requests for books; appropriations; appointments to the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board and the Permanent Committee for the Oliver Wendell Holmes Devise; and the appointment of a new Librarian of Congress.

Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government-Organizations); PR (Public Relations); IV (Invitations); LE (Legislation); PL (Political Affairs); ME (Messages); SP (Speeches); PE (Personnel Management); ND (National Defense); SO (Social Affairs); TA (Trade); CM (Commodities); BE (Business- Economics); FA (Federal Aid); Fl (Finance); FO (Foreign Affairs); and WE (Welfare). The Name File and the Staff Member and Office Files also hold materials related to this subject category, as do the Staff Member and Office Files into the White House Special Files. Fiche #1.1.FG 23 FG23 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare)

Subject file category FG 23 materials pertain to the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (DHEW) and its subordinate offices. The Department was created in 1953 as a successor agency to the Federal Security Agency, and, was itself, succeeded in 1979 by the Department of Health and Human Services. The principal correspondents are the president and White House staff members such as John D. Ehrlichman, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Robert Finch, and Daniel P. Moynihan, among many others whose responsibilities included DHEW. Other main correspondents are department executives, including consecutive secretaries Robert H. Finch (1969-1970), Elliot L Richardson (1970-1973), and Caspar Weinberger (1973-1975); Commissioner of Education James E. Allen; consecutive surgeon generals William H. Stewart and Jesse L. Steinfield; the National Institute of Health (NIH) director, Robert Marston; the director of the Bureau of the Budget, Robert Mayo; members of Congress; state and local officials; and private citizens.

FG DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Materials filed under FG 23 pertain to activity at the level of the office of the secretary. Documented are budget, personnel, and administrative activities concerning meetings, public relations, legislation, testimony before congressional hearings, specific programs and reports. Included among the latter are various annual reports to Congress as required by law, and special reports and studies by task forces and advisory groups. Frequent topics in the files include the Family Assistance Plan (FAP); Head Start and various awards and grants programs; social security and education benefits; welfare reform; the creation of a National Institute of Education and of a separate Department of Health; the impact of government reorganization upon DHEW; the use of DHEW facilities by employee anti-war groups; DHEW scientists with alleged Communist contacts; school desegregation; drug abuse; Medicare; neighbor- hood mental health centers; voluntary action; and the conquering of cancer. Subordinate offices of DHEW, for which there are file subcategories, are reflected in the attached folder title list. Descriptions of selected subcategories folbw.

FG23-4 AIR QUALITY ADVISORY BOARD This catego7 concerns the staffing of the Air Quality Board and includes such topics as tow- pollution motor vehicles and congressional testimony by Department of Urban Development secretary George Romney about housing.

FG 23-6 OFFICE OF EDUCATION hems in this category concern the Office of Education's budget, personnel, goals, and programs. Some of the numerous topics include the dismissal of commissioner James Allen; programs affecting

33 Spanish and other ethnic groups; Head Start; presidential scholars program; education research and development; student loans; school desegregation; and the National Institute of Education. FG 23-7 FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION In addition to typical administrative activities, topics include repeal of the Tea Import Act of 1897; termination of the Board of Tea Testers; fish protein concentration; recall of mercury-contaminated swordf ish; product safety; child protection and toy safety; Bon Vivant soup products; laetrile as a cure for cancer; and dietary supplements. FG 23-8 PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE The transmission of annual reports; health and safety legislation; anti-drug abuse and anti- smoking campaigns; Public Health Service (PHS) facilities and programs; mental health care; postgraduate physician training programs; and the Public Health Service Commissioned Corps are among the topics in this file category. FG 23-8-1 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH Topics representative of these files include various grant programs; medical research budgets and training programs; national health insurance; cancer research; the conversion of Fort Detrick, Maryland from an Army facility to a cancer research facility; activities of the individual institutes within NIH; federal mental health programs; and employee anti-war activities. FG 23-10 SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION Mandatory retirement at age seventy; supplemental income for the aged, blind, and disabled; medicare claims; cost estimates for the Family Assistance Plan; sites for new buildings; and a proposed study of the economic impact of social security are among the topics in this category. Related materials found in White House Central Files subject categories include: FG 6-11-1/Burns, Arthur, (Burns, Arthur); FG 6-11-1/Cole, Kenneth (Cole, Kenneth); FG 6-3 (Council of Economic Advisers); FG 6-12 (Council for Urban Affairs); ED (Education); HE (Health); FG6-11 -1/Moynihan, Daniel P. (Moynihan, Daniel P.);FG 6-7 (Officeof Economic Opportunity); FG 999 (Proposed Departments and Agencies); FG 221 (Task Forces); and WE (Welfare). Fiche #1.1.FG 51 FG51 (Supreme Court of the United States) FG 51 SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES This file contains correspondence concerning the Supreme Court, primarily nominations and appointments to the court. Principal correspondents include White House staff members Bryce N. Harlow, Leonard Garment, Harry S. Dent, John R. Brown, John Dean, John D. Ehrlichman, Herbert G. Klein, and William E. Timmons; and outside of the White House, Richard Kleindienst and Warren Burger. JL JUDICIAL-LEGAL MATTERS The Executive File contains correspondence, telegrams, reports, articles, polls, and official forms pertaining to nominations and appointments to the Supreme Court and major issues being considered by the court or proposed for submission to the court. In the early folders there is correspondence concerning the retirement and resignation of Chief Justice Earl Warren and Justice Abe Portas, followed by the resignations of Justices Black and Harlan. Most of the incoming correspondence encourages the president to carry out his campaign pledge to appoint a southerner and/or a strict constructionist, because the Supreme Court under Warren is perceived to be too liberal in its interpretations of the Constitution and too lenient to criminals. The major portion of this file concerns the nomination and appointment of Judge Warren Burger as chief justice, the nominations and rejection by the Senate of Judges Clement Hay nsworth and G. Harold Carswell, and the eventual selection and appointment as justices of Harold Blackmun, Lewis Powell, and William Rehnquist.

34 The following issues were proposed to or considered by the Supreme Court: the eighteen-year- old vote; the ruling on the publication of the Pentagon Papers; the possible granting of tax credit for parents with children attending non-public schools; putting prayer back in the schools; and the requirement that the president turn over tapes to the special prosecutor. The General File contains correspondence and other materials concerning the Warren court and its decisions. There are many recommendations of Kalian-Americans, blacks, Jewish and female lawyers, judges, and politicians for the Supreme Court. In addition, there are comments on the nominations of Burger, Haynsworth, Carswell, Blackmun, Powell, and Rehnquist. FG 51/A APPOINTMENTS TO THE SUPREME COURT The Executive File contains material on the nominations of Burger, Haynsworth, Carswell, Blackmun, Powell, and Rehnquist. There are many recommendations of possible justices. Also included is a study of Supreme Court appointments by previous presidents. In this file are the resignation letters of Justices Black and Harían. The General File contains support letters for Burger and comments on Haynsworth, Carswell, Blackmun, Powell, and Rehnquist. There are also letters from senators concerned about President Nixon's statement that no southerner could be appointed to the Supreme Court. Related materials include: FA 3 (Federal Aid to Education); FG 17 (Department of Justice); HU 2 (Human Rights- Equality); HU 2-1 (Education-Schooling); and HU 2-5 (Women).

Fiche #1.1.FG 119 FG119 (Federal Council for Science and Technology) FG 119 contains materials pertaining to the Federal Council for Science and Technology, which was established in 1959 to guide and coordinate federal agency programs and to advise the president. The council was chaired by the director of the Office of Science and Technology (OST), until June 30,1973, when the OST was renamed the National Science Foundation (NSF). The rest of the council is composed of policy rank officers from eleven departments and agencies, and observers from seven other departments and agencies. Correspondents include the council chairman and executive secretary, the president, White House staff members, and heads of federal departments and agencies.

FG 119 OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Topics in the Executive File include, among others, appointments; selection of aides to cabinet members in the area of science and technology; effects of the reorganization of the federal science advisory apparatus; council meetings; recommended policy revisions; reports on patent policy, systematic biology, and intergovernmental science relations; surveys of research on family planning and population; domestic technology transfer; need for a presidential statement on technical goals; the fallout effect of defense and space research and development; and a UNESCO-sponsored Intergovernmental Conference for the Establishment of a World Science Information System (UNISIST). The General File contains material about a report undertaken for the Council by Science Commu- nications, Inc. Related information in the following White House Central File subject categories includes: FG 21 (Department of Commerce); FG 23 (Department of Health, Education and Welfare); FG 6-11-1/DuBridge, Lee (DuBridge, Lee); FG 152 (National Academy of Sciences); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council); FG 182 (National Science Foundation); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee); SC (Sciences); and FG 221 (Task Forces).

35 Fiche #1.1 .FG 142 FG142 (Indian Claims Commission)

This subject category contains material relating to the administration of the Indian Claims Commission^ The C*mmissJnwases7abLedbyanactofAugust31^^^ against the Unrted States on behalf of any Indian tribe, band, or other ¡deniable group of Amelan Ind.ans resjd ng within the United States. Primary correspondents include President Richard Nixon, Peter M. Flamgan, and Bradley

^ThTExécutive category includes material relating to the nominations of Brantley Blue and Theodore P. McKeldin as commissioners, andtheappointment of commissioner Jerome Kuykendall as the Indian Claims Comm.sson chairman. This category also includes President Nixon's request to Congress for appropriations to pay judgments and claims aqainst the United States government. . . .^^¡-4 The General category contains material pertaining to recommendations for Ind.an aa.ms °^"•»"«""*¡ ments and specif« Indian claims, including the Alaskan native claims, and claims of the Yak.ma Indans of Washington state and the Pit River Tribal Council of California .«airex. pr <íQ fi Related material in the following subject categories includes: FG IMMBurea,, of '^.an A«a.^ FG 39-6 (Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration); FG 142 (National Council on Ind.an Opportunity); FG 279 (Tahoe Regional Planning Agency); FG 999 (Indian Trust Council Authority); and IN (Indian Affairs).

Fiche #1.1.FG 152 FG152 (National Academy of Sciences)

The material filed under FG 152 pertains to the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). the National Academy of En^rinB(NAE)..ndth.N«üonrfR*^ science and engineering The NRC undertakes the studies requested by government agences ofthe NAS andtheNAE

£ «uS n.sol£>nsible for stimulating research in mathematk*!, Physk*l. and biological sçences Pnncpal SreTJdent^ude^^ of Sciences.the president; Lee A. DuBridge; Edward David; Peter M. Flanigan; John D Ehrlichman; Kenneth R. Cole. Jr.; Henry A. Kissinger; General Alexander M. Haig. Jr.; David Parker; and Dan Kmgsley.

FG152 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Executive File materials concern administrative matters, public relations events, reports and papers, meetings, and various topics of interest to the academy and the White House Correspondence relating to administrative matters concerns mail referral.^nominations to he director of the academy, and prize, for innovation. Public relations events documentedNnclude annual academy dinners and special events such as -Copernicus Week.« Some of the papers *»d reZts concern the role of science and technology in presidential po.icymakmg; the potenIri mpact ofîence and technology on American foreign policy; technology;t^nsport^ munications; cable television; new technology opportunities; the 1964 eartûak%,n^ff ^ ¡LrtHb and techntea. communiions. There b material relating to the «^^ meetings, meetings with the president, and special meetings such as one between the NAS and a group of industrialists to discuss industrial housing. Other topics in the file include scientific exchange programs with the Union o Sôaahst Reoubl cs and the People's Republic of China; a visit by Phillip Handler, pressent of the academy t^rWestSerman'y to discuss establishing an international center for a^V-^ industrial societies; international nutrition programs; support for graduateeáuc*»r>"**£££ and engineering; employment for the handicapped; marine and coasta programs and^search nncvn of academy members for freedom of communication and travel for sc.ent.s s. artists, and To oTars LreÍZnThatthepresidentshouldstresshealthandwelfa. pX; and a proposal to include the U.S. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commmission on the agenda for a meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka.

36 Materials in the General File concern policy research; international scientific programs; telecommunications technology; foreign scientific exchange programs; potential academy contributions to the technical assistance component of the president's foreign aid program; disposal of chemical munitions; directorship of the academy; regulation of the health industry; nutrition; systems for collecting and distributing blood; and annual "Pugwash" meetings for the exchange of scientific ideas.

Related materials in White House Central Files subject categories include: UT1 (Communications Satellites); FG 6- 11-1/DuBridge, Lee (DuBridge, Lee); FG 119 (Federal Council for Science and Technology); FG 33-17 (House Committee on Science and Aeronautics [Astronautics]); SC 2-3 (Meteorological Rockets and Satellites); FG 182 (National Science Foundatton); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee); SC (Sciences); FG 36-1 (Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences); and FG 221 (Task Forces).

Fiche #1.1.FG 164 FG164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

FG 164 pertains to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and materials concerning agency policies, programs, budget, personnel, site facilities, and public relations activrties. Correspondents include among others, the president; successive NASA administrators T.Ö. Paine and James Fletcher; George Low; Julian Scheer; Peter M. Flanigan; Lee A. DuBridge; members of Congress; and congressional liaison staff.

FG 164 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION The Executive File material concerns NASA policy, programs, facilities, administrative functions, and public relatbns. Some of the policy matters discussed in the file include preparation of issue papers; contract procedures; transfer of NASA-developed technology; redefinition of NASA's mission; research and development goals; review of tracking and data acquisition functions, activities, and program transfers such as the High Energy Physics Program from NASA to the National Science Foundation, and the SST program from the Department of Transportation to NASA. Materials about programs include annual and semi-annual reports to Congress on aeronautics and space activities, and monthly reports to the White House on current activities and upcoming events. Included also is correspondence about specific Apollo, Mariner, Viking. Pioneer, and Skylab launches; space shuttle development; and international cooperation in space exploration and communications and environmental survey satellites. NASA facilities are discussed in connection with the selection of sites for the space shuttle program and satellite launches; the use of the Mississippi test facility as a Gulf Coast environmental center and as a base to aid in regional redevelopment in the aftermath of Hurricane Camille; and the transfer of the Electronic Research Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts to the Department of Transportation. Fiscal-year budgets; specific budget items and cutbacks; procedures such as those for mail referrals and personnel appointments; resignations; and retirements are among the administrative level topics in this file. Public relations activrties documented include tours, dinners, and speaking engagements for NASA officials and astronauts; invitations to dignitaries and others to view various launches; a visit by Soviet cosmonauts; and presidential visits or communications with the astronauts. The General File material also concerns various public relations activities; budget cut effects on employment at Cape Canaveral, the Electronics Research Center, and the Space Radiation Effects Laboratory; contract awards; candidates for administrative positions; the Rocketdyne engine; moon rocks; and research and development suggestions made by W.F. Rockwell.

37 FG 164/A NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION The Executive File contains correspondence, press releases, and biographical summaries concerning top executive level appointments and resignations. Included is material about the retirement of Dr. Wernher Von Braun from NASA. Related subject categories in the Central Files include: UT1 (Communications Satellites); FG 6-11-1/DuBridge, Lee (DuBridge, Lee); FG 33-17 (House Committee on Science and Aeronautics [Astronautics]); SC 2-3 (Meteorological Rockets and Satellites); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); SC (Sciences); FG 36-1 (Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences); and FG 221-18 (Space Task Group).

Fiche #1.1.FG 182 FG182 (National Science Foundation) FG 182 contains correspondence pertaining to the National Science Foundation (NSF), which was established in 1950, given additional authority underthe 1958 National Defense Education Act, and assumed the function of the Office of Science and Technology when it was abolished in 1973. The foundation consists of the National Science Board (NSB), with twenty-four members, a director, deputy director, and four assistant directors. The director is the chief executive officer of the foundation and serves ex officb as a member of the board and as chairman of its executive committee. The fundamental purpose of the NSF is to strengthen research and education in the sciences in the United States. Correspondents represented in the files include the president; numerous White House staff members; successive foundation directors Leland Haworth, William D. McElroy, and H. Guyford Stever; successive NSB chairmen Philip Handler and H.E. Carter; congressmen; and various university officials.

FG 182 NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION The Executive File materials concern foundation personnel, budget, reports, meetings, policies and programs. Nominations, appointments, swearing-in ceremonies, and resignations of foundation executives are among the types of correspondence concerning personnel. Additionally, many letters concern the controversy over the failed appointment of Dr. Franklin Long to the foundation directorship because of his opposition to the ABM program. Documents concerning budget matters involve an NSF authorization bill and the manner in which budget cuts affect foundation grant agreements with colleges and universities. Reports include the foundation's annual reports; annual reports on weather modification; NSB reports on public policy for graduate education; and a report on federal funds for science research and development activities. NSF and NSB meetings are documented in the files, as are agendas for meetings with the president and conferences, such as a regional conference on science and technology for urban programs. Foundation policy concerns are reflected in an NSB statement of concern for the future strength of American science; the effects of federal programs on the fiscal solvency of colleges and universities; the application of science to the solution of pressing social problems; and the utilization of technology to improve the quality of life in underdeveloped nations. Other topics reflecting policy include a European facility for social and economic policy and planning; an outline of objectives and goals; and international agricultural policy. Matters relating to programs concern sea grants and student grants; congressional notification of NSF grants; and the application of NSF grants to scientific research relevant to national problems and public interest. Other program topics concern NSF educational support programs; cooperative programs with Australia, the People's Republic of China, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; United States programs in the Antarctic; research and development programs in policy analysis, energy, and pest management; research and development recoupment; and defense research in universities. Topics in the General File include the foundation budget; a controversy over the appointment of Dr. Franklin Long as NSF director; annual reports on weather modification; federal assistance to maintain publication of the "Journal of Remote Sensing"; a proposal to use the NSF as the agency to evaluate the effectiveness of domestic program experiments; the interplay of science policy and foreign policy; federal policy towards social research; federal support for science education through

38 the foundation; training programs lor high school students; an Australian exchange program for high school students; foundations grants; review of Carson Laboratories' optical memory system; Soviet efforts to obtain a computer for the Yerevan Institute; and the energy crisis.

FG 182-1 NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD The Executive File contains material that includes a board statement on major concerns; annual reports; board meetings; nominations for the position of director and deputy director and for board membership; the issue of biologists being represented on the board and the President's Science Advisory Committee; federal funds for graduate education; and the twentieth anniversary of the NSF. The General File material concerns membership nominations and the representation of biologists on the board and the President's Science Advisory Committee.

FG 182-2 ADVISORY PANEL ON PRESIDENTIAL PRIZES FOR INNOVATION This panel was transferred from the Office of Science and Technobgy. Both the Executive and General Files are empty of documents.

Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG 119 (Federal Council on Science and Technology); FG 6-11 -1/Flanigan, Peter (Flanigan, Peter); FG 152 (National Academy of Sciences); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee); SC (Sciences); and UT (Utilities).

Fiche #1.1.FG 209 FG209 (President's Science Advisory Committee)

FG 209 file materials pertain to the President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC), which was transferred from the Office of Defense Mobilization to the White House effective December 1,1957, for the purpose of advising the president in matters relating to.science and technology. The council ceased to function upon the termination of the Office of Science and Technology on July 1,1973. Correspondents represented in the files include: the president; White House staff members including Peter M. Flanigan, Henry A. Kissinger, and Kenneth R. Cole, Jr.; successive committee chairmen Lee A. DuBridge and Edward E. David; and numerous PSAC members and consultants.

FG 209 PRESIDENTS SCIENCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE Topics covered in the Executive Files include the reorganization of the science advisory apparatus in the White House; the committee's budget and the budget as related to policy decisions; nominations, appointments, swearing-in ceremonies, and resignations of committee members; membership lists; inclusion of biologists on the committee; committee and committee panel meetings; meetings with president and Henry A. Kissinger; public relations; various PSAC panels, including ones on chemicals and health; urban science and technology, educational research and development, and space science; panel studies and reports on NATO, space air traffic control, and improving health; a proposed panel on technological information; future shock and technological change; a proposed National Institute of Education; federal support for academic science activities; incentives for research and development in the public and private sectors; medical care; hunger; cancer; housing; space program goals; supersonic transport; antiballistic missiles; and helium conversón. General File topics include candidates for PSAC membership; science policy; air traffic control; and having biologists appointed to the committee.

Related materials found in White House Central Files subject categories include: CA (Civil Aviation); FG 23 (Department of Health, Education and Welfare); FG 6-11-1 /DuBridge, Lee (DuBridge. Lee); FG 119 (Federal Council on Science and Technology); HE (Health); FG 152 (National Academy of Sciences); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council); FG 182 (National Science Foundation); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); OS (Outer Space); FG 999 (Proposed Departments and Agencies); SC (Sciences); and FG 221 (Task Forces).

39 Fiche #1.1 .FG 221 FG221 (Task Forces)

This category primarily contains materials pertaining to short-term task forces established by the president to study, evaluate, and prepare advisory reports relating to specific subjects. The largest portion of materials in this category concerns task forces that were appointed by president-elect Richard Nixon in late 1968 or early January 1969, and had finished their work by late 1970. Also found in this category are materials relating to a Johnson administration task force; task forces established or revived by President Nixon; federal government agency task forces; proposed task forces; and task forces established outside of the federal government. Primary correspondents include President Nixon, Arthur F. Burns, John D. Ehrlichman. Peter M. Flanigan, Daniel P. Moynihan, and Charles Clapp. Related materials may be found in the FG (Federal Government) subject file category, which includes categories for individual White House staff members (FG 6-11 ) and federal government and executive agencies, organizations, councils, and commissions. The Executive Files contain correspondence of the president and White House staff with task force members; government agency, state, and local officials; members of Congress; and representatives of private industry, professional, religious, and public interest organizations. This category includes presidential letters to task force members; presidential speech drafts and statements; and White House press releases. Also found in this category are lists of task force chairmen and members; meeting minutes; progress reports; handwritten notes; routing slips and cross-reference cards. Much of the correspondence and memoranda relates to the establishment of task forces; appointment recommendations; proposals for new task forces; and analyses of task force recommendations. In addition to the subjects listed in the Numerical File category described below, the Executive File category includes materials relating to task forces on manpower policy; surplus federal property; the environment; aerospace; national land use and urban growth; the law of the sea; the Bicentennial; and the president's federal design program. A few of the materials concern Johnson administration task force reports on telecommunications policy; government organization; and the education of gifted persons. The General Files contain correspondence from the president and White House staff with task force members; federal, state, and local government officials; members of Congress; representatives of private industry, professional, religious, and public-interest organizations; librarians; and the general public. This category includes memoranda, correspondence, routing slips, handwritten notes, draft and published copies of reports, and cross-reference cards. Material in this category mainly concerns requests for and comments regarding task force reports, proposals for new task forces, and appointment recommendations. The Numerical Files that follow the Executive and General Files contain materials relating to specific subjects. These files are further subdivided into Executive and General categories. Like the Executive and General Files, the Numerical Files include correspondence from the president and White House staff with task force members; federal, state, and local government officials; members of Congress; representatives of private industry, professional, religious, and public interest organizattons; librarians; and the general public. There is material concerning the establishment of task forces; selection of members; publications and contents of the reports; and requests for new task forces. Among the documents found in the category are draft and published task force reports, correspondence, memoranda, routing slips, handwritten notes, cross-reference cards, newsclippings, and telegrams. The Executive category in the Numerical Files includes analyses of task force report recommendations by White House staff members, the Office of Management and Budget, and other federal government agencies. The General category in the Numerical Files includes correspondence from the general public and other interested parties relating to controversial recommendations found in various task force reports. Many of the Numerical Files for 1971 and 1972 are empty. There are no Numerical Files for 1973 and 1974. Some of the more substantive file categories are described below. Information about all of the task force subjects in the numerical files may be found in the folder title list. Materials in the FG 221-18 (Space) category concern a report by the Space Task Group on space programs and budget reductions in the post-Apollo era. Included with the report is a presidential statement, an assessment by the Office of Management and Budget, and news media reaction. The catego7 includes correspondence concerning American-Soviet cooperation in space. Related material may be found in categories for UT 1 (Communications Satellites) FG 33-17 (House Committee on Science and Aeronautics [Astronautics]). SC 2-3 (Meteorological Rockets and Satellites) FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). FG 6-4 (National Aeronaut«» and Space Council). FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology). SC (Sciences), and FG 36-1 (Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences).

40 The category for FG 221-22 (Oil Import Controls and Oil Import Program) concerns the Cabinet Task Force on Oil Import Control and the subsequent Mandatory Oil Import Program. Included in the category is correspondence of the president and task force director Phillip Areeda, presidential speeches. White House press releases, and summaries and published copies of the task force report. Suggestionsand comments from the Small Business Administration, the Office of Science and Technology, vartous White House staff members, members of Congress, and representatives of oil, gas, coal, and utility companies concerning topics such as the qualifications of task force members, the Charles River Associates report, the task force report, the problem of small refineries, a national energy policy, and news media reports are found in the files. Related materials may be found in the categories for FG 19-13 (Office of Oil and Gas), FG 19-4 (Oil Imports Administration), FG 276 (Oil Policy Committee), BE 3 (Economic Controls), BE 4-29 (Petroleum and Coal Products), and NR 6 (Oil Resources). FG 221-24 (Lumber category) includes materials relating to the report of the Cabinet Committee Economic Task Force on Softwood, Lumber, and Plywood, concerning S.I832, the proposed National Timber Supply Act of 1969. Found in this category are comments and suggestions concerning the task force report by White House staff members and the Departments of Agriculture, Housing and Urban Development, presidential statements, and White House press releases. The correspondence from members of Congress, the lumber industry, and environmental groups mainly concerns the recommendations of the task force to import more wood and cut more plywood from the national forests. Related materials may be found in the categories for BE 4-24 (Industry-Lumber and Wood Products), CM/Timber (Commodities), CM 24 (Lumber and Wood Products), and NR 3 (National Forest). The category for FG 221-30 (International Development) contains materials about the proposed International Development Council and the task force report concerning United States foreign assistance in the 1970s. Copies of the report and a working paper on world population prepared for the task force by the Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, are found in these files. Related materials may be found in the categories for FG 6-22 (Council on International Economic Policy) and FG 161 (National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Finance Policies). A large portion of the FG 221-47 (Problems of the Mentally Handicapped) category concerns public reaction to a statement about abortion in the task force report "Action Against Disability" (May 1970). The category includes letters and telegrams from the general public, handicapped advocates and providers, representatives of professional and religious organizations, and members of Congress, with White House staff replies. An evaluation of the report by the Office of Management and Budget and a printed copy of the report are found in the files. Related material may be found in the categories for HE 1-5 (Mental Disorders), WE 3 (Abortion), and FG 200 (the President's Committee on Mental Retardation).

Fiche #1.1.FG 238 FG238 (Cabinet Committee on Economic Policy)

The materials in the subject file category FG 238 pertain to the Cabinet Committee on Economic Policy (CCEP) and its subcommittees.The committee, first called the Cabinet Committee on Economic Growth, was established on January 23,1969. The CCEP was abolished on January 30,1973. The principal correspondents are the president and White House staff members Kenneth R. Cole. Jr., Peter M. Flanigan, John D. Ehrlichman, Henry A. Kissinger, and Noble M. Melencamp. Other important correspondents are Paul W. McCracken, chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers and coordinator of CCEP; Robert Mayo, director of the Bureau of the Budget; and Daniel P. Moynihan, Council of Urban Affairs.

FG 238 CABINET COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC POLICY Early materials in this catego7 concern the setting up of the CCEP structure with the chairman of CEA as the coordinator. There are numerous memoranda for meetings of the CCEP with the president and other groups concerned with the economy, such as the quadriad. Several task forces were established to report on a particular issue, such as the Task Force on Softwood Lumber and Plywood Pricing, the Task Force on Iron and Steel, the Task Force on Copper, and a task force on preparation for economic changes at the end of the Vietnam War. There are also some discussions about the condition of the construction industry. There is a large case of letters from the president to business leaders stating the need for a strong budget to control inflation and a need for a surtax.

41 Some responses are included. Some malerials were gathered togetherto prepare the president for his speech on the economy. There are several interesting memoranda between Peter M. Flanigan, Paul W. McCracken, and Donald Rumsfeld concerning controls on wages, prices, and the effectiveness of "jawboning." FG 238/A APPOINTMENTS TO THE CABINET COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC POLICY There are a few suggestions to appoint additional people to CCEP, such as Daniel P. Moynihan, Council of Urban Affairs; and George Romney, secretary of HUD. FG 238-1 SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE CABINET COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC POLICY The CCEP established several subcommittees to study and coordinate activities on economic issues, such as the subcommittee to coordinate activities on federal ban and loan guaranty programs, a subcommittee on the copper industry, the subcommittee to study deregulation of surface freight transportation, and the subcommittee on the reconstruction of Vietnam. Related materials found in White House Central Files subject categories include: BE (Business-Economics); FG 6- 1 (Bureau of the Budget); FG 6-3 (Council of Economic Advisers); MC (Meetings); SP (Speeches); and TN (Transpor- tation).

Fiche #1.1.FG 250 FG250 (The President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization) The President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization (PACEO) was appointed by the president on April 5, 1969. Its mission was to conduct a review of the organization of the executive branch and to recommend changes that would alleviate problems arising from overlapping jurisdicttens and improve the effectiveness of the government departments in carrying out the administration's domestic programs. The council's first five members, also appointed on April 5,1969, were Chairman Roy L Ash. John B. Connally, Fredrick R. Kappel. Richard M. Paget, and George Baker; they were later joined by Walter Thayer, appointed June 2,1969. who also held the post of special consultant to the president with the responsibility to assist in establishing the council. Murray Comarow was the council's first executive director, and Andrew Rouse his deputy and later successor. The councilf irst convened on April 10,1969. H met formally one or two full days a month, conducted 1,500 interviews, met with the president five times, and prepared thirteen memorandums for him between August 20,1969 and November 1970. Three of these reports were eventually made public: The Establishment of a Department of Natural Resources" and "Organization for Social and Economic Programs" (published together, Government Printing Office, February 1971); and "The Independent Regulatory Agencies," published under the title "A New Regulatory Framework, Report on Selected Independent Regulatory Agencies" (Government Printing Office, January 1971), an addition, the council published "President's Departmental Reorganization•A Reference Compilation" (Government Printing Office, March 1971 ). Despite discussion among administration members that the council should prepare and perhaps publish a "Final Report," such a report was apparently never in fact prepared. President Nixon accepted the resignation of the council on May 7,1971. The subject category is composed of memorandums, correspondence, notes, cross references, press releases and newspaper clippings concerning the appointment and work of the President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization. Correspondents include the president, Roy Ash, Murray Comarow, Andrew Rouse, Walter Thayer, John D. Ehrlichman, Peter M. Flanigan. John C. Whitaker, Robert Mayo, and Alexander P. Butterfield The related subject categories are for the most part within the FG grouping, for example FG 6-11-1 (The White HouseCMiice•Staff) and FG 999 (Proposed Departments, Agencies, Boards, Commissions). Other related categories inctode PR (Public Relations), SP (Speeches), and SC (Sciences). The Records of the President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization are within the Staff Member and Office Files of the White House Central Files; they are approximately 39.7 cubic feet in volume. Also within the Staff Member and Office Files are three cubic feet of material from Roy Ash's office; most of it, however, from a period later than PACEO's tenure.

42 FG 250 PRESIDENTS ADVISORY COUNCIL ON EXECUTIVE ORGANIZATION The Executive File contains the council's memorandums to the president, briefing memoranda and schedule proposals preliminary to the president's meetings with council members, and material concerning areas of inquiry, funding, interagency cooperation, discussion of the council's recommendations, and implementing strategy. The General File contains communications with members of Congress, and letters from the public and from administration personnel offering opinions and requesting information about the council's work, and seeking appointments with the council. Also present are materials concerning the departure of Murray Comarow, and requesting that the council's memoranda to the president be made public. FG 250/A PRESIDENTS ADVISORY COUNCIL ON EXECUTIVE ORGANIZATION/[APPOINTMENTS] The Executive File contains presidential correspondence with council members concerning their appointments and resignations. There is no General File. Fiche #1.1 .HE HE (Health) Materials filed under the subject file category HE (Health) pertain to consultative assistance for the prevention and control of disease; hospital operation; conducting research in biology and medicine; blood donations; enforcing interstate quarantine regulations; and conducting medical and hospital care programs. The principal correspondents in the Health files include the president; White House staff such as John D. Ehrlichman, presidential assistant for domestic affairs; Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., executive director of the Domestic Council; Edward E. David, science adviser to the president; and cabinet members concerned with the health field including consecutive secretaries of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Robert H. Finch, Elliot L. Richardson, and Caspar W. Weinberger. Other DHEW officials represented are L. Patrick Gray, executive assistant to the secretary; Henry Hyde, assistant to the secretary; Donald T. Bliss, executive secretary; James H. Cavanaugh, deputy assistant secretary; and various National Institutes of Health directors. Other frequent correspondents include Office of Management and Budget officials such as consecutive directors Robert P. Mayo and George P. Shultz, assistant directors Richard P. Nathan and Donald Bliss, and deputies Arnold Weber and Frederic V. Malek; administrator for veterans affairs, Donald Johnson; executives and professionals of medical schools, medical associations, hospitals, and insurance companies; members of Congress; and state and local government officials.

HE HEALTH Topics filed under HE include presidential activities related to health, such as signing ceremonies for bills and proclamations; meetings with or messages to medical groups and conventions; and meetings with departmental and White House staff, such as the Domestic Council's Hearth Committee. Also included are materials on proposed legislation for national health insurance and for specific legislation such as the Allied Health Professions Personnel Training Act, the Toxic Substance Control Act, and the Child Protection and Toy Safety Act; cooperation with foreign countries on health matters; health policy; mental health community centers; health maintenance organizations; medical care costs; environmental hazards to health; problems of the handicapped; and specific diseases and illnesses. HE1-HE10 HEALTH/SUBCATEGORIES The topics filed under subcategories HE 1-HE 10 are adequately described in their headings: diseases (including subdivisions on alcoholism, blindness, cancer, and heart and mental disorders); doctors-dentists-nurses; food-nutrition; health services; medicines-drugs-serums; hospitals- medical care; radiological health; research; sanitary services-pollution control; and vital statistics. An item of popular interest filed in the subcategory HE 5-1 (Narcotics) is a handwritten letter to President Nixon from singer Elvis Presley, who asked to be appointed as a federal agent at large.

43 Some related materials in the following subject categories include: FG 6-11-1/Cavanaugh, James (Cavanaugh, James); FG 6-11-1/Cole, Kenneth (Cole, Kenneth); FG 21 (Department of Commerce); FG 23 (Department of Health, Education and Welfare); FG 6-15 (Domestic Council); IS (Insurance); IT 50-3 (NATO Committee on Challenges of the Modern Society [CCMS]); FG 6-21 (Office of Intergovernmental Relations); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee); SC (Sciences); FG 36-13 (Senate Committee on Labor and Welfare); SP (Speeches); UT (Utilities); FG 233 (Veterans Administration); VA (Veterans Affairs); and WE (Welfare).

Fiche #1.1 .HI HI (Highways-Bridges) The White House Central File subject category HI (Highways-Bridges) is designated for materials pertaining to public roads, such as streets, highways, expressways, turnpikes, freeways, parkways, bridges, tunnels, over-and under- passes, sidewalks, routes, and markers. The principal correspondents in this file include the president; members of the White House staff; members of Congress; state and local officials; and private citizens.

HI HIGHWAYS Some of the topics among the materials in this file include the Pan-American and Alaskan highways; the Highway Trust Fund; the Rural Development Highway Act of 1970; the Highway Beautification Act; federal highway program cutbacks; outdoor advertising; and state and local highway projects. Some related materials that may be found in the following subject categories include: CO (Countries); FG 25 (Department of Transportation); FG 25-6 (Federal Highway Administration); FG 2 (Former Presidents); FG 6-11-1/ Krogh, Egil (Krogh, Egil); LG (Local Governments); FG 6-6 (National Security Council); SA (Safety); and ST (States-Territories).

Fiche #1.1.HO HO (Holidays) Materials filed under the subject files category HO (Holidays) pertain to legal, recognized, and suggested holidays and observances. Among the principal correspondents are the president; heads of state; White House administrative and congressional liaison staff members; members of Congress; state and local government officials; and the public.

HO HOLIDAYS Materials for major holidays and annual observances are filed numerically, then alphabetically, e.g., HO 23 (Independence Day). Materials not assigned numbers are filed alphabetically by name or title under the letters of the alphabet (e.g., HO/A). The topics of the Holiday files include greetings sent and received for major holidays; presidential proclamations of holidays and observances; proposed new holidays and observances (e.g., Martin Luther King's birthday and Loyalty Day); the authority to designate national holideys; and lists of anniversaries or events to be observed. Some related materials in the following subject categories include: CO (Countries); FE (Federal Government); FG (Federal Government-Organizations); ND (National Defense); PR (Public Relations); SA (Safety); and VA (Veterans Affairs).

44 Fiche #1.1 .HS HS (Housing)

This subject category pertains to the approval of programs developed by local communities for the prevention and elimination of slum and blight conditions, including urban renewal, housing trends, and dwelling units required for families displaced by government action. Principal correspondents in this file include the president; presidential assistants and advisers for dorjnestic affairs, including Daniel P. Moynihan. John D. Ehrlichman, Peter M. Flanigan, Bryce N. Harlow, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., and Egil Krogh; OMB and CEA advisers Arthur F. Burns and Paul W. McCracken; DHUD secretaries George Romney and James T. Ly nn, and Undersecretary Richard C. Van Dusen; members of Congress ; state and local government leaders; groups with such interests in housing as real estate, construction, home owner, union, and housing authority organizations; and private citizens.

HS HOUSING Topics include Domestic Council Housing Subcommittee meetings; reports by the president to Congress on annual housing goals; reports to the president from his economic advisers on housing starts; mortgage financing; "sweat equity"; urban development revenue sharing; legislation such as the FHA/Omnibus Housing and Urban Development Act and amendments, and the Fair Housing Law; programs like the new communities program for urban development; "Operation Breakthrough" (a DHUD demonstration program to provide a new system of housing production, financing, marketing, management, and land use); the Housing Opportunity Allowance Program (HOAP); DHUD Sections 235 and 236 subsidy programs; urban renewal; low- and moderate-income housing as well as housing for special populations, including the elderly, the handicapped, and those on welfare; landlord-tenant regulations; prefabricated houses; mobile homes; and housing industry concerns.

HS 1 COLLEGE This file contains a single document regarding a DHUD grant to a college.

HS 2 PUBLIC HOUSING PROGRAMS Topics concern low- and moderate-income housing programs; funding of housing programs; mortgage costs and interest rates; the proposed phasing out of the DHUD Section 202 program; FHA Section 236 program; cutbacks in the Section 23 leased housing program; multi-family rent supplement housing under Section 221 (d) (3) of the National Housing Act; "Operation Break- through"; landlord-tenant disputes; turnkey public housing ; and the design and fabrication of housing.

HS 3 URBAN RENEWAL-SLUM CLEARANCE Topics include urban development, urban renewal, and rehabilitation projects at individual project, community, city, and regional levels. The White House Central Files filed the materials for the period 1969 and 1970 under the headings HS 3 (Urban Renewal Slum Clearance) ; HS 3/FG106 (programs for the District of Columbia, 1969 through 1974); and HS 3/LG/A-Z (local government programs filed alphabetically by name for city or project, 1969 through 1970). For the period from 1971 to 1974, all HS 3 materials except those for the District of Columbia (HS 3/FG 106) were filed under HS/LG/A- 2 alphabetically by name of city or project.

Further materials relating to housing in the following subject categories, name file, and donated papers include: FG 6-11-1/Cole, Kenneth (Cole, Kenneth); FG 6-3 (Council of Economic Advisors); FG 6-12 (Councilfor Urban Affairs); FG 23 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare); FG 24 (Department of Housing and Urban Development); Donated Papers (Department of Housing and Urban Development); FG 6-11-1/Ehrlichman, John (Ehrlichman, John); Fl (Finance); FG 6-11-1/Flanigan, Peter (Flanigan, Peter); BE/4 Homebuilding (Homebuilding); IS (Insurance); FG 6-11- 1 /Krogh, Egil (Krogh, Egil); LA (Labor-Management Relations); LG (Local Government); Donated Papers (Lynn, James T.); FG 6-11-1/Moynihan, Daniel P. (Moynihan, Daniel P.); Name Files (Operation Breakthrough); FG 6-11-1/Pierre, Percy (Pierre, Percy); FG 38 (President of the Senate, Vice President of the United States); Donated Papers (Romney, George W.); ST (States-Territories); Donated Papers (Van Dusen, Richard C); and WE (Welfare).

45 Fiche #1.1-HU HU (Human Rights) Materials filed under the subject category HU (Human Rights) pertain to individual civil rights and freedoms, and encompass their promotion, exercise, or denial; segregation based upon discrimination or discriminatory practices on the basis of race or national origin; and matters relating to political ideologies, voting privileges, and public demonstrations, including communications from the public expressing their viewpoints of support or complaints about such topics The principal correspondents include the president; presidential assistants H.R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman- presidential advisers Anne L Armstrong. Patrick J. Buchanan. Henry C. Cashen II, Roland L Elliott. Robert H Finch Peter M. Flanigan, Leonard Garment. David R. Gergen. General Alexander M. Haig, Jr., Bryce N. Harlow, Edwin L Harper, Henry A. Kissinger, Herbert G. Klein. Egil Krogh, Jr., Daniel P. Moynihan, Edwin L Morgan. John R. Price Jonathan C. Rose. Donald H. Rumsfeld. William E. Timmons, John C. Whitaker. and Ronald L Ziegler; federal agency leaders such as FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover. Secretary of Defense Melvin R. Laird. Attorney General John N Mitchell. George P. Shultz (in his consecutive positions as secretary of labor, director of the Office of Management and Budget, and then secretary of the Treasury), Secretary of Commerce Maurice H. Stans. Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers Herbert C. Stein, and Secretary of'Transportation John A. Volpe; members of Congress; and CIVIC leaders such as Marten Barry, the Reverend Billy Graham. Mayor Richard G. Hatcher, the Reverend Theodore M. Hesburgh the Reverend Jesse Jackson, Vernon Jordan, George Meany, Governor Ronald Reagan, Jackie Robinson, Governor Nelson Rockefeller, Governor George C. Wallace, Roy Wilkins. and Whitney M. Young; businessmen; and private citizens.

HU HUMAN RIGHTS The materials filed under this general type subcategory concern human rights and freedoms in broad terms, including coverage on national and international levels, affairs and problems, conferences, and general legislation. HUÍ CITIZENSHIP Filed under this subcategory are materials relating to the acquisition and retention of United States citizenship, problems relating to its restoration, naturalization ceremonies, and messages of congratulations to new citizens from the president.

HU2 EQUALITY J . , t Among the topics in this file are those relating to the major facets of daily life and to the long-term aspirations and expectations found among the American people, especially minority groups. Each topic is subdivided by state and local county and city government. HU2-1 EDUCATION-SCHOOLING (Includes school integration and busing.)

HU 2-2 EMPLOYMENT HU 2-3 HOUSING HU 2-4 VOTING HU 2-5 WOMEN

The materials filed under this topic heading pertain to the constitutional and legislated freedoms and rights held in general by the people residing in the United States (citizens and aliens).

HU3-1 CIVIL DISTURBANCES-RIOTS Includes public marches, demonstrations, and picketing related to numerous causey but especially to individuals and groups of persons acting in concerted opposition to the Vietnam War. There are alphabetical subdivisions by name of state and local governments (county and city).

46 HU 3-2 CAMPUS DISTURBANCES Here are filed materials pertaining to campus unrest and disorders, with alphabetical division by name of the affected educational institution. (Filed here is much of the material relating to Kent State University.)

HU 3-3 SPEECH

HU 3-4 WORSHIP (RELIGION)

HU 4 GENOCIDE The types of materials filed under this subcategory are those pertaining to deliberate or systematic measures designed to exterminate a racial, political, religious, or cultural group of peoples.

HU 5 IDEOLOGIES Filed under this general type subcategory are materials related to national and international socioeconomicand political ideologies, including "Americanism,"capitalism, communism, socialism, republican-type democracy, dictatorship, fascism, totalitarianism, national unity, patriotism, and "un- American activities."

Some related materials in the following cross-reference subject categories include: BE 4 (Business-Economics: Industry); BE 4-2 (Business-Economics: Construction); BE 4-3 (Business-Economics: Industry, Firefighters); BE 7 (Business- Economics: Small Business); Dl 6 (Disasters: Storms); ED (Education); FA 3 (Federal Aid: Education); FA 4 (Federal Aid: Transportation); FA 5 (Federal Aid: Housing); FG1 (Federal Government Organizations: Office of the President of the United States); FG 6-15-1 (Domestic Council, Committee on Privacy); FG 12-8 (Department of the Treasury, Internal Revenue Service); FG 14 (Department of the Army); FG 15 (Department of the Navy); FG 17 (Department of Justice); FG 17-5 (Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation); FG 21-17 (Department of Commerce, Minority Business Enterprise); FG 23 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare); FG 31-1 (Congress of the United States, Legislative Leadership Meetings ); FG 32 (House of Representatives); FG 38 (President of the Senate, Vice President of the United States); FG 51 (Supreme Court of the United States); FG 90 (Commission on Civil Rights); FG 109 (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission); FG 125 (Federal Interagency Committee on Educa- tion); FG 139 (General Services Administration); FG 145 (Cabinet Committee on Opportunities for Spanish-Speaking People); FG 216 (Selective Service); FG 220 (Subversive Activities Control Board); FG 288 (President's Commission on Campus Unrest); Fl 2 (Finance: Banks-Banking); Fl 5-7 (Finance: Small Business); Fl 11 (Finance: Taxation); IN (Indian Affairs); IT (International Organizations); JL1 (Judicial-Legal Matters: Amnesties-Clemency, Pardons); JL 3 (Criminal Matters); JL 4-3 (Decisions-Opinions, Judicial Courts); JL 6 (Law Enforcement-Police Matters); LA 2 (Labor-Management Relations: Conditions-Employment and Unemployment); LA 2-3 (Conditions-Employment and Unemployment, Handicapped); LG (Local Governments: Subdivided alphabetically by name of county or city); ND 8 (National Security-Defense: Military Personnel); ND 12 (Reserve Forces and National Guard); ND 14 (Service Schools); NS 15 (Ships-Submarines); ND 21 (Conscription-Induction-Draft); PE 2-2 (Personnel Management: Employment, Veterans); PL 1-2 (Political Affairs: Conventions, Platforms); PQ 2 (Procurement-Disposal: Purchasing-Contracting); PR 3 (Public Relations: Administration Support); PR 11 (Motion Pictures-Film Strips); PR 13 (Petitions-Resolutions); PR 15 (Public Opinion Polls); WE 3 (Welfare: Family Planning); WE 9 (Youth Programs); WE 10-2 (Job Corps); WE 10-5 (Family Security Plans); and WH 4-1 (White House Administration: Office Management, Mail Polls). Fiche #1.1 .IM IM (Immigration-Naturalization)

This subject category contains material pertaining to the administration of immigration and naturalization laws relating to the admisston, exclusion, registration, and disposition of aliens, and the naturalization of aliens who are lawfully residents in the United States. The category includes materials concerning migration to and from the United States and requests from foreigners for visas to visit or to remain in the United States. The Executive Files include materials relating to quotas established by and amendments to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965. Both the Executive and General Files contain correspondence from the Department of State and the Immigration and Naturalization Service. Among the files are materials relating to alien labor laws in the United

47 States; adoption of foreign children; and the immigration or visits of Vietnamese dependents of American sen/icemen and the Cuban, Eastern European, and Russian relatives of naturalized American citizens. Material relating to specific individuals can be found in both the Executive and General categories and is also filed alphabetically within those categories in files designated by the first letter of the individual's surname. The alphabetical files include material relating to John Lennon, Shirley (Mrs. W.E.B.) DuBois, and Simas Kudirka, the Lithuanian seaman defector. Related materials in the following subject categories include: CO (Countries); FO 8-2 (Passport and visa requests by American citizens to enter foreign countries); ND18-2 (Refugees and displaced persons, subdivided by CO number).

Fiche #1.1 .IN IN (Indian Affairs)

This subject category contains materials pertaining to Indian affairs, such as land development and use; guidance and assistance in economic and social matters; educational and welfare services; resource management in agriculture, forests, irrigation, and trust property; law enforcement; and relocation services. Primary correspondents are the president, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, Daniel P. Moynihan. Leonard Garment, Bradley H. Patterson, Jr., Barbara Green Kilberg, John D. Ehrlichman, and Tod R. Hullin. The Executive File contains materials from Indian tribal officials and organizations such as the National Congress of American Indians and the American Indian Movement, congressmen, governors, charitable organizations, educational institutions, and the general public relating to Indian affairs. Included are materials from the Vice President's Council on Indian Opportunity; the Bureau of Indian Affairs; the Office of Economic Opportunity; and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Found in this category are materials concerning Indian legislation, including the Taos Puebb Blue Lake Bill (H.R. 471 ), the restoration of Yakima Indian land (E.0.11670), and the Indian Education Act of 1971 (S. 659). There are also materials relating to Indian demonstrations, including the occupations of Alcatraz Island, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the Pine Ridge Sioux Reservation at Wounded Knee, South Dakota The General File contains materials from school children, the general public, Indians, Indian tribal officials and organizations, congressmen, governors, educational institutions, and charitable organizations concerning Indian affairs. There are many telegrams and group letters relating to the impoundment of Indian Health Service funds by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, and the occupation of Alcatraz Island, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and Wounded Knee, South Dakota. The materials from Indian tribal officials, organizations, and individuals are concerned with Indian legislation, policy statements, tribal politics, reservation administration, and legal matters, including previous treaties with the United States government and the tax and draft status of Indians. Also found in this category are materials relating to reports, meetings, studies, and programs of government agencies responsible for Indian affairs. Related subjects in the following categories include FG19-9 (Bureau of Indian Affairs); FG 39-6 (Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration); FG 142 (Indian Claims Commission); FG 173 (National Council on Indian Opportunity); FG 279 (Tahoe Regional Planning Agency); and FG 999 (Indian Trust Council Authority).

Fiche #1.1. JL JL (Judicial-Legal Matters)

The subject category is composed of correspondence, messages and drafts of presidential messages, memoranda, cross references, notes, petitions, press releases, cables, telegrams, wires, printed material and newspaper clippings concerning administration judicial policy and law enforcement. Major correspondents include Peter M. Flanigan, John D. Ehrlichman, Peter G. Peterson, William E. Timmons, Kenneth R. Cole. Jr., Bryce N. Harbw, Egil Krogh, Jr., Dwight L Chapin, Herbert G. Klein, John W. Dean III, Tod R. Hullin, Roland L. Elliott, Ronald L Ziegler, Geoffrey C. Shepard, Melvin R. Laird, Jonathan C. Rose, John R. Brown III, General Alexander M. Haig. Jr., Rose Mary Woods, Anne L Armstrong, Gerald L Warren, Hugh W. Sloan, Jr., Michael B. Smith, David N. Parker, and Noble M. Melencamp. Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include FG (Federal Government) files for concerned agencies, commissions, and White House staff members; LG (Local Governments); PP (President [Personal]); and PR (Public Relations). The Name File and the Staff Members and Office Files also hold materials related to this category.

48 JL JUDICIAL-LEGAL MATTERS \ ^0 Topics covered include the administration's crime prevention program; centralization of litigation authority in the Department of Justice; law and order; court reform; law enforcement and criminal justice system; sections 1121-1126 of the Criminal Code Reform Act; espionage and related offenses; and electronic surveillance and wiretapping.

JL 1 AMNESTIES-CLEMENCY-PARDON Topics covered include enforcement of the Selective Service law; pardon matters; requests and recommendations for presidential pardons; amnesty for deserters and draft dodgers; exoneration of Dr. Samuel Mudd; Office of the Pardon Attorney; violations of the Internal Revenue Code; petitions to the president for commutation of sentence; and federal marijuana laws.

JL 1 -1 APPROVED APPLICATIONS

JL 1 -2 DISAPPROVED APPLICATIONS

JL 2 CIVIL MATTERS Topics covered include appropriations for claims and judgments rendered against the United States; the attorney general's control over government's litigation authority; bankruptcy, laws; legality of the Vietnam War; eighteen-year-old vote; the president's proclamation #24187 entitled "Procla- mation of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards"; publication of classified material; malpractice suits; Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO)-funded lawsuits against the Department of Agriculture; and claims filed against the president and other government officials respecting damages caused by Washington, D.C. riots.

JL 2-1 ANTITRUST CASES Topics covered include antitrust impediments to mergers; the International Telephone and Telegraph Co. (ITT) case, and the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) activities.

JL 3 CRIMINAL MATTERS Topics covered include aime in Washington, D.C; crime and law enforcement; the president's message on crime in the District of Columbia; gun control; Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs initiatives; crime control and improvements in the criminal justice system in the District of Columbia; administration's crime control program; aime statistics; drug abuse; aime legislation; the president's Executive Order #11517 entitled "Providing for the Issuance and Signature by the Secretary of State of Warrants Appointing Agents to Return Fugitives from Justice Extradited to the United States"; violence and bombings in the country; the president's Executive Order #11534 entitled "Establishing the National Council on Organized Crime"; police slayings; criminal justice information system; USSR Jews and dissidents; air piracy; hijackings; restoration of the death penalty; and drug traffic. Both the Executive and General Files contain heavy correspondence relating to the Watergate affairs. From May 1973 to August 1974 the correspondence relates almost entirely to the president and Watergate matters. JL 3-1 ASSASSINATION OR ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION Topics covered include the shooting of George C. Wallace and the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.

JL 3-2 HIJACKING Topics covered include the hijacking of aircraft; seizure of U.S. fishing boats by Latin American countries; the president's draft statement on hijacking; air transportation security; administration's anti-hijacking program; and the return of hostages in Jordan.

JL 4 DECISIONS-OPINIONS-INTERPRETATIONS Topics covered include the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

JL4-1 ATTORNEY GENERAL Topics covered include presidential authority to impound appropriated funds.

49 JL4-3 JUDICIAL Topics covered include federal government promotion of racial integration through housing programs; tax-exempt private schools and discriminatory admissions policies; Supreme Court ruling on death penalty; and the president's authority to negotiate arrangements with foreign steel producers limiting their exports to the United States.

JL 5 JUVENILE DELINQUENCY Topics covered include Annual Reports of Federal Activities in Juvenile Delinquency, Youth Development, and Related Fields ; juvenile justice; legislation; juvenile crime problem; and the Federal Juvenile Delinquency Act.

JL 6 LAW ENFORCEMENT-POLICE MATTERS Topics covered include attacks on law enforcement officials and school disruptions; Law Enforce- ment Assistance Agency (LEAA); bombings and bomb threats; police slayings; support of law enforcement entities and police officers; the FBI's support function for local law enforcement; law and order; possible consolidation of police precincts in the District of Columbia; the Executive Protective Service; and the Black Panthers. JL 6-1 SECRET SERVICE PROTECTION FOR FORMER PRESIDENTS, CANDIDATES FOR PRESI- DENCY AND THEIR FAMILIES Topics covered include Secret Service protection for former Vice President Agnew.

JL 7 LAWYERS-LEGAL AID Topics covered include OEO Legal Services Programs; federally-financed legal aid for the poor; the administratbn's relations with the bar; public interest law firms; proposed Legal Services Corpo- ration; California Rural Legal Assistance Program; and the White House legal staff.

JL 8 MISSING PERSONS Topics covered include American civilians missing in Southeast Asia and provisions of the federal kidnapping statute respecting the FBI.

JL 9 WAR CLAIMS-ALIEN PROPERTY Topics covered include the Foreign Claims Settlement Commissten; Annual Reports of the Office of Alien Property; return of the crown of St. Stephen to Hungary; and U.S. claims against Czechoslovakia.

Fiche #1.1.LA LA (Labor-Management Relations)

Materials filed under the subject category LA (Labor-Management Relations) pertain to non-federal labor, employment status, unemployment, wage rates, earnings, and labor-management relations. The principal correspondents include the president; presidential assistants and advisers such as H.R. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman, Kenneth R. Cole Jr, Peter M. Flanigan. Arthur F. Bums, and Paul W. McCracken; Department of Labor officials including consecutive secretaries George P. Shultz, James D. Hodgson, and Peter J. Brennan, and assistant secretary for labor-management relations, W.J. Usery; executives of the National Labor Relations Board and the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service; members of Congress; labor union leaders; businessmen; and private citizens.

LA LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS Topics filed under LA (Labor-Management Relations) include proposed reform legislation to the Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947; the proposed placement of farm workers under the Taft- Hartley Act; meetings with labor representatives; labor-related political campaign activities; selection of a labor consultant for the White House; jawboning versus backboning; common situs picketing; profit sharing; and continuation of the Atomic Energy Labor-Management Relations Panel.

50 LA 1 BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS The material filed under this subcategory concerns appointments, functions, and reports of labor panels, boards, and commissions.

LA 2 CONDITIONS-EMPLOYMENT-UNEMPLOYMENT Filed under this category are materials concerning the effect of automation on labor conditions; manpower development and training; vocational education programs; manpower reports to the president; the creation of a national computer job bank; specific programs such as Green Thumb, Technology Mobilization Re-employment, JOBS, and Opportunities Industrial Centers; legislation, such as the Manpower Training Act of 1969 and the Comprehensive Employment artd Training Act of 1973; and employment for special populations, such as aged, youth, alien, and handicapped workers.

LA 3 UNIONS. FAIR LABOR STANDARDS Among the topics in this file are the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1973; boycotts; the right to work; closed versus open union shops; minimum wages; and labor disputes. LA 4 INVESTIGATIONS This file concerns investigations of labor racketeering practices; elections; and pension programs. LA 5 MIGRATORY LABOR-SEASONAL LABOR Topics include negotiations with Mexico concerning farm workers; illegal aliens; the Bracero program; extension of the Taft-Hartley Act to farm laborers; and seasonal unemployment in the construction industry.

LA 6 STRIKES-WORK STOPPAGES-ARBITRATION Some of the topics in this file include the Emergency Public Interest Protection Act of 1971; common situs picketing; arbitration; and benefits to strikers, including unemployment wages and food stamps.

LA 6-1 through STRIKES-WORK STOPPAGES-ARBITRATION/INDUSTRIES LA 6-39 Materials filed under these subcategories concern strikes, work stoppages, and arbitration in numerous industries. The White House Central Files unit inconsistently assigned the numbers LA 6- 2 through LA 6-39 to different industries after the 1969 and 1970 file segment. The Executive and General Files for 1969 and 1970, therefore, are filed before the 1971 through 1974 segments. The following list is provided as a guide to identifying files for identical industries in the different chronological file segments. Many of the folders do not contain any materials. LA 7 UNIONS Among the topics in this file are the power of labor unions; labor issues; labor union elections; meetings with labor union leaders; and the postal workers union. LA 8 WAGES The materials in this file concern minimum wages; fringe benefits; geographic wage differences; wage differences by race; wage and hour laws; wage settlement; wage and price controls; multiple wage reporting; and wage rates in specific industries.

LA 9 WELFARE-PENSIONS-RETIREMENT This file concerns amendments to the Pension and Welfare Disclosure Act; railroad retirement income; pension vesting; KEOGH and IRA plans; and pension reform.

Some related materials in the following subject categories include: AG (Agriculture); BE (Business-Economics); CO (Countries); FG 21 (Department of Commerce); FG 24 (Department of Housing and Urban Development); FG 22 (Department of Labor); Fl (Finance); FO (Foreign Affairs); HE (Health); IS (Insurance); LG (Local Government); FG 6- 16 (Office of Management and Budget); OS (Outer Space); FG 36-13 (Senate Committee on Labor and Public Affairs); TA (Trade); UT (Utilities); and WE (Welfare).

51 Fiche #1.1.LE LE (Legislation)

The subject category is composed of correspondence messages and drafts of presidential messages, memoranda, cross references, notes, petitions, press releases, cables, telegrams, wires, printed material, and newspaper cl.pp.ngs concerning administration legislation policy and federal legislative programs. Major correspondents mdude Bryce N. Harlow. John D. Ehrlichman. Henry A. Kissinger. Kenneth R. Cole. Jr.. William E. Timmons. Edward L Morgan ^Peter M Flanigan. John C. Campbell, Dwight L Chapin, Egil Krogh. Jr.. Harry S. Dent. Richard K. Cook, Tod R. Hullin Kenneth E. BeLieu. Wilfred H. Rommel. Edwin L Harper. Willliam E. Casselman. Clark MacGregor. Leonard Garment, Peter G. Peterson, General Alexander M. Haig. Jr., Tom C. Korologos. John W. Dean III. Dav.d H. Gunning. Eugene S. Cowen. Daniel W. Hofgren, John R. Brown III, and Max L Friedersdorf.

LE LEGISLATION ,,.,.• Topics covered include major legislative issues facing Congress; summanes of legislative proposals sent to Congress; the administration's legislative program; status of leg.slat.on endorsed by the president; schedule of presidential messages, statements, and speeches; administraron legislative priorities; procedures of bill-signing ceremonies; administration bills pending in Congress; House/Senate schedules; subjects of inclusion in the president's State of the Union speech; legislation proposed by departments and agencies; reports on congressional activity concerning selected administration bills; OMB/Treasury Department clearance of domestic programs; must legislation"; and administration legislative positions and strategy.

LE 1 "TOX» covered include proposed Senate Resolution 9. changing the clôture rule from two-thirds to three-fifths present and voting.

Topics covered include the anti-lobbying provisions of the U.S. Code (18 USC1913).

LE 3 PRIVATE RELIEF BILLS .^¡«nctnth* Topicscovered includethe application of the statute of limitations; agency recommendationstothe president concerning the approval or disapproval of private enrolled bills; and a proposal to give special recognition to John C. Garant, inventor of the M-1 rifle.

LE 4 VETOES AND REPEALS J.U.Í,,... Topics covered include the president's pocket veto authority; the history of vetoes and their use by past presidents; recommendations to the president regarding the vetoing of bills passed by- Congress; the president's position on specific legislation; the president's veto messages and memoranda of disapproval; and administration veto strategy. IP* VOTING RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF CONGRESS Topics covered include Congressional Quarterly's presidential support index of House members.

Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government) files «çreonomied aoendls immens and White House staff; PR (Public Relations); SP (Speeches); FE ^^««mm«^ JÏÏSA!^ WH (Whrte House Administration). The Name Fie and the Staff Member and Off». Files also hold materials related to this subject category.

52 Fiche #1.1.LG LG (Local Governments) The subject category is composed of correspondence, messages, invitations, memoranda, cross references, notes, petitions, press releases, cables, wires, printed material, and newspaper clippings concerning local governments and intergovernmental relations. Major correspondents include Daniel P. Moynihan, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Dwight L Chapin, John D. Ehrlichman. H.R. Haldeman, Stephen H. Hess, John R. Price, Edward L Morgan. Hugh W. Stoan. Jr., Edwin L. Harper. Egil Krogh. Jr.. Peter M. Flanigan, David N. Parker, Michael B. Smith, James H. Falk. Dana G, Mead. Tod R. Hullin. William E. Timmons, John C. Campbell, Roland L Elliott. John C. Whitaker, John R. Brown III, Chester E. Finn, Jr., and Noble M. Melencamp.

LG LOCAL GOVERNMENTS 10/ [LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL JURISDICTION] LOCAL GOVERNMENTS/[JURISDICTIONS] Topics covered include Daniel P. Moynihan's "Toward a National Urban Policy"; the Council for Urban Affairs; federal urban policy; the president's meetings with mayors; revenue sharing; the National League of Cities; the model cities program; urban research; the administration's domestic priorities; the "new federalism"; new communitiesAowns; state councils for urban affairs; urban growth policy; the U.S. Conference of Mayors; county governments; welfare reform; special revenue sharing; the Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations; the planned variations cities program; federal grant programs for cities; community development; housing legislation; import aid; public employment programs; the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973; school busing; Los Angeles earthquake damage; the New Yoifc City welfare situation; bicentennial celebration plans in Philadelphia; the Legacy of Parks program; invitations to the president to appear at various events; and presidential messages of support and congratulations to city officials. Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government) files for appropriate agencies, commissions, and White House staff members; ST (States-Territories); PL (Political Affairs); ME (Mes- sages); PR (Public Relations); and FA (Federal Aid). The Name File and the Staff member and Office Files also hold materials related to this subject category. Fiche #1.1 .NR NR (Natural Resources) The subject category is composed of correspondence, petitions, referrals, notes, wires, post cards, resolutions, printed material, newspaper clippings, maps, and photographs concerning administration policy towards the exploita- tion and preservation of the environment. Major correspondents include John D. Ehrlichman. John C. Whitaker H.R. Haldeman. Charles W. Colson, Kenneth R. Cole. Jr.. Peter M. Flanigan, Richard M. Fairbanks, Bryce N. Harlow, W.ll.am E Timmons, John R. Brown III, Michael B. Smith, Roland L Elliott, Ronald L Ziegler, Noble M. Melencamp, Russell E. Train, John A. Love, Lee A. DuBridge, Richard K. Cook. Clark MacGregor. Kenneth E. BeLieu. Earl Butz. and Walter Hickel.

NR NATURAL RESOURCES Topics covered include establishing a cabinet level committee on environment and natural resources; recommendations of the President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization regarding the establishment of a Department of Natural Resources and an Environmental Protect.on Agency; ratifications of the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of W.ld Fauna and Flora and the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Herrtage; the State of the Union speech on natural resources and the environment; the use and conservation of natural resources; energy shortages; beautification programs; water projects; national parks; meetings with environmental groups; and presidential letters of commendation and recognition for services to the nation.

53 NR 1 COMMISSION-COMMITTEES NR 1/A-Z Topics covered include a federal-interstate compact regarding water resources, a proposed executive order to be entitled "Membership of Environmental Protection Agency on Established River Basin Commissions"; a proposed Arkansas River Basin Commission; and the report of the Ohio River Valley Sanitation Commission. The A to Z subcategory files contain material concerning independent river basin and other regional commissions, first in three chronological subgroups• 1969-1970,1971-1972. and 1973-1974•and thereunder alphabetically by name of commission.

NR 2 FISH-WILDLIFE Topics covered include the protection of species, particularly of whales and seals; the executive order entitled "Environmental Safeguards on Activities for Animal Damage Control on Federal Lands"; the establishment of wildlife refuges; the effect of pollution and poison on wildlife; the conservation of tuna; Atlantic salmon negotiations; and international wildlife agreements. The Executive File contains several letters from Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands; the General File has a heavy concentration of petitions protesting the slaughter of seals and of letters thanking the president for issuing an executive order banning the use of poisons to control predators on federal lands.

NR 3 FORESTS Topics covered include the sixth and seventh annual president's report on the status of the national wilderness preservation system; presidential messages to Congress proposing additions to the national wilderness preservation system; national forests; the timber supply shortage; clear cutting; and a proposed executive order protecting lands proposed for inclusion in wilderness areas.

NR 4 LAND Topics covered include the Small Reclamation Projects Act; small watershed program; coastal zone management; reclamation and water resources projects; and erosion problems.

NR 5 MINERALS-METALS Topics covered include mine safety; the coal supply; strip mining; uranium enrichment facilities; mineral resource development; seabed resource development; federal lands leasing policy; the energy crisis; and proposed legislation to establish a national mining and minerals policy.

NR 6 OIL-NATURAL GAS Topics covered include the Santa Barbara oil spill; oil and gas exploration incentives; Alaskan oil development; continental shelf and seabeds policy; oil spills policy; natural gas supply and pricing policy; oil lease sales procedures; shale oil development; helium conservation; and international conventions on oil pollution. The General File contains a large quantity of material on the Santa Barbara oil spill and on offshore drilling in California in general. NR 6-1 NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVES The major topic covered is contracts for the sale of gas and oil from naval petroleum reserves. Also covered are reserves and production at the naval petroleum reserves; the petroleum requirements of the Defense Department; and oil leases in the Santa Barbara channel.

NR 7 RIVERS-WATERS-HARBORS Topics covered include water pollution; wetlands presentation; dams; harbor projects and port facilities; inland navigation projects; user charges on inland waterways; the siting of an east coast deepwater port for supertankers; the salinity of the Colorado River; the adoption of principles and standards for planning water resource development projects; the Water Resources Devetopment Act of 1973; and international conventions concerning waterways.

NR 7-1 PROJECTS NR 7-1/A-Z Topics covered include particular water projects. The General File has a very heavy concentration of material supporting the president's decision to hah construction on the Cross Florida Barge Canal. The A to Z subcategory files contain material concerning water projects, first in three chronological subgroups•1969-1970,1971-1972, and 1973-1974•and thereunder alphabetically by name of project.

54 Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government) files for concerned agencies, commissions, and White House staff; PR (Public Relations), which holds the originals of the petitions filed in this subject category; FE (Federal Government); CM (Commodities); BE (Business Economics); TA (Trade); RE (Recreation); RA (Real Property); LE (Legislation); JL (Judicial-Legal Matters); WE (Welfare); HE (Health); ST(States); CO (Countries); ME (Messages); PU (Publications); and SP (Speeches). The Name File and the Staff Member and Office Files•particularly those of John Whhaker and John A. Love•also hold materials related to this subject category.

Fiche #1.1.OS OS (Outer Space)

This subject category concerns non-military plans, programs, research, and exploration of outer space. In these files, the material predominantly pertains to the seventeen Apollo missions; Viking, Mariner, and Skylab launches; international cooperation in space ventures; and communication satellites. Chief correspondents include the president, heads of state and other dignitaries, Peter M. Flanigan, Henry A. Kissinger, William E. Timmons, Dr. T.O. Paine, James Fletcher, and Julian Scheer.

OS OUTER SPACE The Executive File contains correspondence concerning presidential reports to Congress on space activities; the budget for space; post-Apollo programs; nuclear safety review of space operations; space-related industry; space shuttle development; assessments of space program benefits; and international space cooperation. Preservation copies of newsclippings and photographs are also included. The General File contains copies of White House responses to correspondence from private citizens supporting or opposing the space program, citing advantages for international cooperation in joint space programs and satellites, concerning jobs, and suggesting ideas such as names for moon craters. Included is a letter from writer Ayn Rand•with a copy of 'The Objectivist"•about Apollo 11. Other printed material includes a NASA article, "Why Explore Space."

OS 1 ACCIDENTS Material in the Executive File concerns the NASC staff report on the Apollo 13 Accident Review Board, and a proclamation concerning international liability for damage caused by space objects. The General File also concerns the Apollo 13 mission, and an inquiry about a facsimile or replica of the Medal of Freedom. Most material on the Apollo 13 mission is filed under OS 3/#13 and OS 3-1/#13.

OS 2 LAUNCHING SITES-TRACKING SYSTEMS Competition for the geographic site for space shuttle launches; energy research and development; and Australian assistance during the Apollo 13 mission are the main subjects of the Executive File. The General File also concerns the space shuttle site competition; Cape Kennedy area employment; the restoration of the name Cape Canaveral to Cape Kennedy; and justification of the space program.

OS 3 SPACE FLIGHT The Executive File contains replies to heads of state and other dignitaries for congratulatory telegrams, messages, and letters received following each of the seventeen Apollo missions and Viking, Mariner, and Skylab launches. Among other topics included are presidential communications with the astronauts; moonlanding souvenirs and commemorative activKies; international cooperation, including the space rendezvous with the Russians; scientific accomplishments of Apollo 15; engines and heat shields; space program cutbacks; development of the space shuttle; and NERV A, ERTS, and communications satellites. The views and reactions of private citizens to the various space launches are reflected in the General File. Scripture and prayer reading from outer space provoked petitions and many pro and con letters. Other concerns include international space cooperation; exploration of Mars; Apollo

55 museum exhibits, souvenirs, and memorabilia; space rescues; children's letters; poems, music, and art inspired by the moon landing; and the she for the space shuttle. OS 3-1 ASTRONAUTS The Executive File mostly concerns public relations activities involving the astronauts, such as presidential and congressional messages, tours, dinners, awards, gifts, and miscellaneous public appearances. Other topics of concern are promotion policy for the astronauts; a report on the family structure of the astronauts; Walter Shirra's decision to leave NASA; and suggestions for astronaut recruitment among women, blacks, and enlisted personnel. The General File contains material reflecting public concern for prayer and scripture reading by the astronauts; NASA experiments on animals; public appearances by the astronauts; invitattons to a dinner honoring the astronauts; Apollo 11 souvenirs and memorabilia; placing flags on the moon; the president's telephone call to the astronauts during the moonlanding; moonlanding-inspired poetry and music; foreign participation in the space program; and a memorial to Gus Grissom. OS3/#13 APOLL013 Near the end of Apollo 13 space flight there was an explosion in the service module that destroyed most of the command module's oxygen and power supplies. A moon landing was abandoned, and the crew made a safe return to earth using the lunar excursion module. The Executive File material concerns the Apollo 13 "emergency" and contains status reports and other correspondence relating to monitoring the situation and responsibility for critical decisions during the crisis. Other topics include the NASC Staff Report on Apollo 13 Accident Review Board; recommendations of the Apollo 13 Review Board; and public relations activrties including a presidential call to the astronauts, an Apollo 13 world tour, and White House dinner, and messages and replies to correspondence about the crisis. The General File contains Apollo 13 congratulatory materials; White House responses to such messages; and material about a national day of prayer and thanksgiving. OS 3-1 /#13 APOLLO 13 The Executive File material pertains to the world tour of the Apollo 13 astronauts. There is no General File.

OS 4 SPACE RESEARCH Topics in the Executive File include defense research and development; communications satellites; a paper on satellites of outer planets (Titan); the space shuttle; and North American Rock- well's rocketdyne engine. Subjects in the Genera! File include a suggestion to use international space communications as foreign aid; recognition for contributions to science from Dr. Robert Goodman; funding space research; the future of the space program; technological contributions to the space program; space careers; NASA research facilities; and children's letters to the president concerning priorities and the space program.

OS 5 UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECTS The Executive File contains a proclamation of the mayor designating Palacios, Texas as the Interplanetary Capital of the Universe. The General File contains a letter requesting the president's views on UFO investigations; and a child's letter to the president explaining flying saucers.

For additional information, materials in the following subject categories include: UT1 (Communications Satellites); FG 6-11-1/DuBridge, Lee (DuBridge, Lee); FG-33-17 (House Committee on Science and Aeronautics [Astronautics]); SC 2-3 (Meteorological Rockets and Satellites); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautics and Space Council); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); SC (Sciences); FG 36-1 (Senate Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences); and FG 221-18 (Space Task Group).

56 Fiche #1.1-PA PA (Parks-Monuments) The subject category is composed of correspondence, drafts of speeches, letters and presidential messages, petitions, notes, cross references, printed material, newspaper clippings, maps, charts and photographs concerning administration policy towards national parks, monuments, and historic sites. Major correspondents include John D. Ehrlichman, John C. Whitaker, H.R. Haldeman, Anne L Armstrong, Leonard Garment, Tom C. Korologos, Bryce N. Harlow. Herbert G. Klein, Dwight L Chapin, Ronald L Ziegler, Kenneth E. BeLieu, William E. Timmor\s, James D. Hughes. Peter M. Flanigan, Rose Mary Woods, David N. Parker, John R. Brown III, Raymond K. Price, Jr., Noble M. Melencamp, Michael B. Smith, Richard K. Cook, Hugh W. Sloan. Jr., Daniel P. Moynihan, Rogers C.B. Morton, and Walter J. Hickel.

PA PARKS-MONUMENTS Topics covered include defining administration policy concerning urban area parks; Gateway National Recreation Area; federal lands in Alaska; implementation of an executive order on "Protection and Enhancement of the Cultural Environment"; the president's statement on historic prese rvation;the president's 1971 environmental message;the impact of revenue-sharing programs on preservation; the convention concerning the protection of the world's cultural and natural heritage; the preservation of historic places and buildings; the establishment of new national park areas; national historic landmarks and sites, and the National Register of Historic Places.

PA 1 CEMETERIES Topics covered include the projected expansion of the national cemetery system; a proposed new necropolitan land use policy; the inspection by the American Battle Monument Commission of cemeteries and monuments in Europe; the role of states and municipalities concerning the establishment of national cemeteries; the desegregation of national cemeteries; legislation concerning cemeteries; the National Cemeteries Act of 1972 and 1973; surplus land disposal; the transfer of miscellaneous cemeteries from the Department of the Army to the Veterans Administration; the condition of Jewish cemeteries in Poland ; the condition of the Polish cemetery at Monte Cassino; and the national cemetery in Manassas. PA 1 -1 ARLINGTON NATIONAL Topics covered include the president's participation in annual Memorial and Veterans days ceremonies at Arlington cemetery; the granting of a permit to the Vietnam Veterans against the War to conduct a memorial service at Arlington; administration policy respecting the 1967 regulations governing burial at the cemetery; space limitations and numerous requests for burial in Arlington cemetery; the dedication of the Navy Seabee Memorial; federal funds for public access to a permanent grave site for Robert F. Kennedy; and requests for presidential wreaths at grave sites in the cemetery. PA 2 MEMORIALS-MONUMENTS Topics covered include the condition of the Cham monuments in South Vietnam; the preservation of cultural monuments in Cambodia; invitations to the president to deliver speeches/addresses at various memorial/dedication services; memorials to Dwight D. Eisenhower; a proposal to have the American Revolution Bicentennial Commission sponsor a fund-raising drive for a West Coast Statue of Liberty; and the preservation of various historic sites; Rhodes Taverns, Andersonville, Antietam Battlefield, etc. The A to Z subcategory files contain material concerning Frederick Douglass, Martin Luther King Jr., Dwight D. Eisenhower, Mary McLeod Bethune, Vincent T. Lombardi. Mrs. Lady Bird Johnson, and other prominent figures. The General File has extensive correspondence from individuals protesting the expenditure of federal funds for a permanent grave site for Robert F. Kennedy in Arlington National Cemetery. PA 3 PARKS-RESERVATIONS Topics covered include dedication of the Lady Bird Johnson Grove; land for small urban parks; acquisition of federal park and recreational land; Point Reyes National Seashore area; the

57 development of administration policy on parks and recreational facilities; Voyageurs National Park; Gateway East and Gateway West; law enforcement problems in Yosemite National Park; GSA surplus properties; bicentennial parks; Legacy of Parks transfers; San Onofre Beach; uses of land and water conservation funds; parks and recreational areas in urban communities; and a proposed executive order for the preservation of wilderness areas in the national parks and forests. PA 4 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE PLANS Topics covered include the president's message to Congress on the District of Columbia, April 28, 1969; legislation implementing Pennsylvania Avenue redevelopment; the establishment of a Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation; the preservation and rehabilitation pf the Willard Hotel; the revitalization of downtown Washington; and the preservation of the Old Post Office Building. Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government), files for concerned agencies, commissions, and White House staff; IN (Indian Affairs); NR (Natural Resources); PR (Public Relations); RA (Real Property); RE (Recreation); and VA (Veterans Affairs). Fiche #1.1.PC PC (Peace) Material in these files pertains to promoting peace in the world and achieving disarmament through efforts such as use of atomic power and nuclear energy, improving the standard of living, and raising the status of man. This category is used when the primary subject PEACE is paramount; otherwise, appropriate subject categories are selected.

PC PEACE PC 1 DISARMAMENT Suspensions of bomb testing inspections. PC 2 FOOD PROGRAM Peace and Freedom. PC 3 INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE SERVICE CORPS Includes the Board. PC 4 MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Medico-Project Hope. PC 5 PEACE CORPS PROGRAM For Peace Corps Organization see FG PC 6 PEOPLE-TO-PEOPLE PROGRAM Related materials in the following subject categories include: BE 5 (National Economy); CO 75 (Japan); CO 113-1 (Biafra); FG 6-6 (National Security Council); FG 6-11-1/Brown (White House Staff/Brown, John); FG 6-11-1/Kissinger (White House Staff/Kissinger, Henry A.); FG 11 -6 (Peace Corps); FG 999 (Proposed Departments, Agencies, Boards); FO 2/C03 (Diplomatic Relations/Afghanistan); FO 3-2 (Mutual Security); FO 8 (International Travel); FO 9 (Treaties); HU 3 (Freedoms); HU 5 (Ideologies); ME 3-3/IT5 (Government Groups/18 National Disarmament Committee); ND 13 (Security); ND 18/C0165 (War/Vietnam); ND 20 (Weapons); ND 21 (Conscription [Training Deferment]); PP 10-3 (President/Contributions to or from); and PR 13/ST27 (Petitions and Resolutions/Nebraska).

58 Fiche #1.1.RE RE (Recreation-Sports) Filed under the category RE (Recreation-Sports) are materials pertaining to amusements, hobbies, sports and recreation. Among the material included are tickets, passes (single events), season passes, and licenses for a specific event. Requests for endorsements of projects and products, messages, and statements of congratulations are included. Membership and honorary membership for specific clubs and organizations are also under this category.

Fiche #1.1 .RM RM (Religious Matters) Filed under the category RM (Religious Matters) are materials pertaining to religions and religious matters. This subject category is composed of correspondence, letters, newspaper clippings and other printed materials, referrals and cross references, memoranda, notes, petitions, press releases, telegrams, cables, wires, drafts of letters, speeches and remarks, scheduling memoranda concerning the administration's policy on religion/religious matters, and particularly "prayer services" in the White House.

RM RELIGIOUS MATTERS RM1 BIBLES Includes Sunday Schools. RM 2 PRAYERS-PRAYER PERIODS Includes special days or weeks of prayer. Pray RM 2-1 RELIGIOUS SERVICES IN THE WHITE HOUSE RM 3 RELIGIONS RM 3-1 CATHOLIC RM 3-2 JEWISH RM 3-3 PROTESTANT

Fiche #1.1 .SA SA (Safety) This subject category is composed of correspondence, cross references, wires, notes, reports, referrals, and printed material concerning federal government activities involving occupational, industrial, product, and highway safety. Much of the correspondence is between White House staff members and members of Congress and staffs of federal agencies concerned with safety programs and legislation. Correspondents include Noble M. Melencamp, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Egil Krogh, Jr., Daniel P. Moynihan, Roland L Elliott, William E. Timmons, John A. Volpe, Peter M. Flanigan, Michael B. Smith, John D. Ehrlichman, and Tod R. Hullin. Most of the material in this subject category concerns the drafting of White House responses to inquiries from federal agencies, members of Congress, and the public concerning proposed or existing safety legislation or regulations. Also present is documentation concerning the preparation of annual reports about the implementation of safety legislation for submission to Congress.

SA ACCIDENT PREVENTION Topics covered include industrial and product safety; the Household Safety Bill of 1970; the Nat- ural Gas Pipeline Safety Act; the Railroad Safety Act; searches for lost children; recognition of outstanding safety efforts and programs; establishment of emergency medical services for small communities; nuclear power; nursing homes; and public safety programs. 59 SA 1 FIRE Topics covered include the firefighting profession; flammability testing; federal funding for fire safety research; and the establishment of a presidential commission on fire prevention and control. Also included is documentation of the president's recognition of outstanding rescue efforts.

SA 1-1 FOREST Topics covered include forest fires; safety measures to prevent forest fires; and presidential recognition of outstanding forest fire control efforts.

SA 2 HIGHWAY-TRAFFIC Topics covered include international automobile and highway safety;drunkdriving; the speed limit; block grants to states for highway safety programs; school bus safety; the experimental safety vehicle (ESV); safety improvements in the design and manufacture of the automobile; reacttons to proposed safety legislation and Department of Transportation regulations; pedestrian safety; and complaints and suggestions for improved highway safety.

SA 2-1 SCHOOL PATROLS Topics covered are safety patrol awards; recognition of service for patrol members and organizers; and requests for meetings with the president from school patrol groups visiting Washington.

SA 3 INDUSTRIAL-OCCUPATIONAL Topics covered include the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970; labor relations; complaints regarding safety conditions at job sites; Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), regulations and inspections; signing ceremonies for safety legislation; and the establishment of a presidential conference on occupational safety.

SA 4 MARINE Topics covered include shipping accidents; boat safety; boat safety legislation; requests for marine accident investigations; Coast Guard enforcement of marine laws; and international marine safety.

SA 5 MINE Topics covered include Bureau of Mines inspections and enforcement of safety standards; the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969; mine closures and openings; state regulations of mines; black lung disease; international mine safety; strip mining; uranium mining; alumina plant safety; and congressional industry, labor, and citizen complaints about mine safety.

Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government•Organizations), especially FG 25 (Department of Transportation), FG 22 (Department of Labor), and FG 19 (Department of the Interior); FE (Federal Government); PR (Public Relations); LE (Legislation);TN (Transportation); Fl (Finance); AG (Agriculture); HE (Health); SI (States; Territories); HI (Highways-Bridges); SP (Speeches); and HU (Human Rights).

Fiche #1.1. SC se (Sciences)

Materials filed under SC (Sciences) concern all phases of scientific study, research and development for astronomy, technology, and natural sciences. Excluded from this category are materials pertaining to outer space, which are filed under OS (Outer Space). Principal correspondents in the SC files are the president; his science advisers, including Lee A. DuBridge and Edward E. David; numerous White House and department and agency officials having administrative and/or policy and program responsibilities in areas of science and technology; and various congressmen, businessmen, scientists, and academic officials.

SC SCIENCES Loosely categorized, topics in the Executive File concern reorganization, budget, public relations, meetings, reports, and programs. The reorganization of federal science agencies and of the science advisory apparatus in the executive branch are documented in these files. Budget-related materials

60 concern either support for, or cutbacks in, the areas of science education, research and development, and science attaches in U.S. embassies. Public relations activKies documented include presidential messages to scientific meetings and to science award winners; celebration of Thomas A. Edison's birthday; a tour of the White House for Russian scientists; and an invitation to comet discoverer Dr. Lobos Kohoutek to visit the United States. Meetings documented include those between the president and his science adviser reporting on OST and science adviser activities. Some of the reports and studies discussed concern laser fusion, science and technical communications (SAT- COM), science policy, science and technology in American diplomacy, new technology, and a survey of federal programs and needs in systemic biology. Much of the material concerning programs relates to research and development (R&D), technology, and international cooperation. R&D topics include the Office of Science and Technology's yearly spring review of R&D policy; federal incentives for R&D; R&D funding; concern for the rate of R&D progress; energy R&D ; and R&D in the Arctic. Technology is discussed in terms of both domestic and international technotogy transfer; the use of NASA technology; the administration's New Technology Opportunities Program; and environmental technology. International scientKic programs mentioned include R&D cooperation with Japan; an exhibit in Moscow about R&D in the United States; an agreement with the Russians on space and technology; visits of Lee A. DuBridge to Romania and Yugoslavia; cooperation with Mexico concerning the recovery and return of archaeological, historical, and cultural properties; and international biological programs. Other topics in the Executive File include the National Science Policy and Priorities Act of 1973, which provides for the transfer of pensions for scientists; federally caused unemptoyment among scientists and engineers in the aerospace industry; medals for scientists; NSF grants; an AEC omnibus bill; satellites, including an aeronautical satellite program (AEROSAT); and the use of computers in government planning and problems. Topics in the General File concern scientists and engineers; federal science agencies; policy; meetings; technology; research and development; energy; and other miscellaneous subjects. Materials about scientists and engineers concern unemployment, training programs, blacklisting of scientists by DHEW. and the effect of draft policy on the future supply of scientists and engineers. Correspondence relating to federal science agencies concerns the representation of biologists on the President's Science Advisory Committee and the Nat'ional Science Board, and recommendations to establish a Public Science Council and a cabinet-level Department of Science and Technology. Policy-related items concern the interplay of science and foreign policies, science policy making, and energy policy. Documents about meetings include presidential messages to scientific meetings, and specific meetings such as one on global deterbratton of climate, hems concerning technology discuss the New Technology Opportunities program; the use of technology to increase productivity; a presidential message on technology; domestic and international technology transfer; government- industry technology partnership; systems technology; applications of science and technology; and setting up a technology assessment mechanism for Congress. Some R&D documents concern National Bureau of Standards sponsorship of industrial research and federal funds for R&D. Correspondence concerning energy is about offshore and mineral exploration; energy transmission; energy conversion; energy policy; and an agreement with the Soviet Unten concerning energy. Among the miscellaneous topics included are a proposed domed, climate-controlled city on the Bering Strarts; hydroponic control; psychic phenomena; ozone decay; underwater cargo ships; an air-cushioned helibarge; moon resources utilization; atheory of preventing war; aerospace industry as a vital natural resource; and a request for the return of scientist Ludwig Edinger's personal diary to Germany from the Library of Congress.

SC1 COASTAL GEODETIC SURVEY . Topics in the Executive File include coastal zone management; Omega navigational charts; a proclamation of hydrographie convention; and the development and future of the Arctic area. Among the topics in the General File are Arctic policy; Omega charts; accelerated topographic mapping; photographs of an eclipse; and the change of name of the Coast and Geodetic Survey.

61 SC 2 EARTH-EARTH SCIENCES Correspondence in the Executive File concerns, among other topics, the facilities and management of the Earth Resources Satellite program; the Earth Resources Survey Satellite (ERTS-A); a report by NASA on ecological surveys from space; the Ad Hoc Interagency Policy Group on Earth Resources Survey Program; international aspects of earth resources; an international symposium on geothermal energy; an Antarctic research program; and a request to detonate explosives in the Santa Barbara, California channel to test subwater networks as to earthquake potential. Topics in the General File include Peking man fossils; resources replenishment and waste treatment; exploring inner-earth environment; and training for unemployed scientist^, SC2-1 EXPEDITIONS-EXPLORATIONS Materials in the Executive File concern expeditions such as Thor Heyerdahl's Kon Tiki expedition; Norman Dyhrenfurth's ascent of the southwest face of Mt. Everest; and the international Himalayan expedition of 1971. Other mountain climbing and South Pole expeditions are also discussed. Among other topics included; are the first group of women to study at American Antarctic bases; a trip to Antarctica by Donald M. Kendall; environmental degradation by exploration companies in the North Slope; a proposed study of construction permits for the Trans-Alaskan pipeline; an idea concerning a gold ore process and a low-emission rotary engine; a proposal for the provision of Military Air Transport flight service to scientKic exploration teams to worldwide expedition sites; and alleged buried treasure at Victoria Peak on the grounds of the White Sands missile range. The General File also concerns various mountain climbing and arctic expeditions, and Peking man fossils. Additional topics include a trip through the Northwest Passage by a Humble Oil Company ship; the geopolitical importance of the arctic; geothermal energy; researching the Yeti (abominable snowman); exploration and devebpment ventures for oil and gas; oil recovery methods in Ap- palachia; and the discovery of dinosaur tracks in Roseland, N.J. SC 2-2 MAPS-CARTOGRAPHS-GLOBES-GEOGRAPHY-CHARTS Material in the Executive File concerns the Inter-American Geodetic Survey. Topics in the General File include general purpose United States topographic maps; a resolution of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping; Vietnam policy and the use of natural resources; and recognition of George Carl Ludwig Preuss, cartographer of the Fremont expedition.

SC2-3 METEOROLOGY Topics in the Executive File include weather information forforeign and domestic presidential trips; the dismissal of government employees during hazardous weather; hurricane reports and warning systems; a weather ship for the Northeast coast; weather modification programs; annual plans for U.S. participation in the world weather program; annual reports on weather modification; an Air Force report on H.R. 1968, a bill "to prohibit the U.S. from engaging in weather modification activities for military purposes"; the Ice Age Bill; an orbiting astronomical observatory; and a test ban-earthquake prediction link. Materials in the General File concern the closing of Weather Bureau offices at various locations; the adequacy of aviation weather services; an offer of U.S. weather satellite technology to the People's Republic of China; suggested devebpment of a "predator vehicle" to be placed in orbit as a defense against Soviet satellites; weather modification; hurricane modification; tornado detection; the effects of weather crises on the plywood industry; a weather ship for the Northeast; agricultural weather service for North Carolina; and the Ice Age National Scientific Reserve.

SC 3 ELECTRONICS Materials in the Executive File concern systems design in educational technology; and a talk by Peter M. Flanigan to members of the Fair International Trade Committee on consumer electronics. In the General File, the main topics are the NASA Electronic Research Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts; the unified field theory; and special case magnetic fields.

SC 4 ENGINEERING Executive File topics include a request for a presidential meeting with the National Academy of Engineering; National Science Foundation budget issues; employment programs for scientists and

62 engineers; a deep-water terminal in the Bahamas; and proposed modifications to Defense Depart- ment procurement policies in Orange County, California. In the General File, topics include "societal engineering"; econometric engineering; the National Academy of Engineers Commission of Education; unemployment among scientists and engineers; education and training of engineers; enhancement of the status of engineers in the government; White House assistance in placing engineers in private industry; and high-speed transit.

SC 5 OCEANOGRAPHY Materials in the Executive File concern federal agencies involved in marine programs; and reports, programs, international cooperation, and miscellaneous topics related to oceanography t Correspon- dence pertaining to federal maritime agencies concern White House communications with the National Council of Marine Resources and Engineering Development; transfer of Executive Office responsibilities for marrtime science to the Office of Science and Technology; moving océanographie elements of the government tothe Department of the Interior; creation of the National Océanographie and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); and a suggestion for an Océanographie Education Foundation. Some of the reports discussed include presidential reports to Congress on federal oceans programs; the Ash Council report on oceanography; and the Commission on Marine Sciences report, "Our Nation and the Sea." Materials concerning programs pertain to the administration's initiatives in the area of marine science; development of interim program proposals to guide the scope and direction of océanographie research efforts; the status of ocean programs; hunger and ocean programs; and sea grant colleges, items reflecting international cooperation concern the visit of a Soviet océanographie vessel to Miami; discussions with the French on marine sciences; and cooperation with Malta in the field of oceanography. Miscellaneous topics include freedom of marine research; NOAA research; a deep-water ocean terminal; licensing and protection of firms engaged in offshore mining ventures; development of the outer continental shelf; the National Marine Fisheries Science Laboratory in Boothbay Harbor, Maine; efforts to ban emplacement of weapons in seabeds; marine pollution; a proclamation for a convention for the international Council for the Exploration of the Sea; and a proposed international convention to proscribe environmental and geophysical modification as a weapon of war. In the General File there is material concerning the organization of marine science agencies; an advisory committee on the oceans; a suggestion for a new agency to coordinate and develop techniques in all fields of oceanography; and the proposed NOAA. Other topics include the administration's Five Point Marine Sciences Program; the American Nuclear Society's meetings on "The Oceans, Nuclear Energy and Man"; marine science education; the Océanographie Educational Foundation prospectus; protection and proper management of America's estuaries; protection of the American Merchant Marine; Malta resolution on seabeds; sale of American products to the Soviet Union for its "Man in the Sea" program; ideas for a NATO project on ocean pollution; a request for U.S. views forthe British magazine "Round Table'on the problem of the Indian Ocean; and a proposal by the Woods Hole Océanographie Institute for a geological and geophysical study of the eastern Mediterranean.

SC 6 PHYSICAL SCIENCE Materials in the Executive File concern high-energy physics; solar radiation; development of laser enrichment technology; letters of appreciation to the governments of Kenya and Mauritania about the visit of American scientists to observe a solar eclipse; a congratulatory message to Nobel prize winner William Stein; a proposal by Governor George Wallace about solar energy; a public housing solar energy program; and the appointment of Governor John Love as energy adviser to the president. General File topics include geothermal leases and research; the role of chemistry in the U.S. economy; new energy sources; a television report on atomic energy sources and their environmental effects; a television report on hazardous ecology problems; electric power; solar energy; reaction to a presidential speech on energy; leakage of radioactive waste storage tanks in Richland, Washing- ton; the papers of Dr. William J. Hooper on gravitational field theory and related matters; and an Esquire article on the ABM.

63 SC 7 TIME Correspondence in the Executive File is about daylight savings time (DST); DST as an anti-cnme measure; DST as an energy conservation measure; year-round DST; and realignment of time zone limits. In the General File, the topics are the effects of DST on the safety of school children; the impact of DST on daylight-only radio stations; year-round DST; DST to conserve energy; mail for and against DST; and a suggestion that the president change the time of his press conferences. SC 8 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (METRIC SYSTEM) Executive File topics include conversion to the metric system; a convention establishing an international organization of legal metrology; use of metric system units within the intelligence community; H.fl. 5749•a bill on metric conversion; and a commemorative stamp for the 175th anniversary of the Weights and Measures Act. In the General File, topics include easing weights and volume restrictions on trucks; adoption of the metric system; S. 2483•a bill on metric conversion; and a class project by school children on metric conversion. Related materials in White House Central Files subject categories include: FG 94 (Commission on Marine Science, Engineering and Resources); UT1 (Communications Satellites); FG 21 (Department of Commerce); FG 23 (Depart- ment of Health, Education, and Welfare); FG 6-11-1/Dubridge, Lee (Dubridge. Lee); FG 119 (Federal Council for Science and Technotogy); FG 126 (Federal Maritime Commission); FG 33 (House Committees); FG 21-11 (Maritime Administration); FG 152 (National Academy of Sciences); FG 164 (National Aeronautical and Space Administration); FG 6-4 (National Aeronautical and Space Council); FG 6-5 (National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development); FG 182 (National Science Foundation); ND (National Security-Defense); FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); OS (Outer Space); FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee); FG 36 (Senate Committees); FG 221 (Task Forces); and CM (Weights and Measures). Fiche #1.1 .TA TA (Trade) This subject category is composed of correspondence, letters and presidential messages, petitions, referrals, notes, wires telegrams, resolutions, press releases, cross references, printed material, and newspaper clippings concerning administration trade and tariff policy. Major correspondents include Peter M. Flanigan. Peter G. Peterson, John D. Ehrlichman, Carl J. Gilbert, Kenneth R. Cole. Jr., Kenneth E. BeLieu, Bryce N. Harlow, Henry A. Kissinger, C. Fred Bergsten. William D. Eberle. Theodore L. Eliot. Jr.. Robert F. Ellsworth. Roland L. Elliott. Richard K. Cook. Alexander M Haig Jr Harry S. Dent. David H. Gunning, John H. Holdridge. David N. Parker, William E. Timmons, Charles W. Colson. James B. Loken, Tom C. Korologos, Anthony J. Jurich. Max L Friedersdort, Deane R. Hinten, Tod R. Hull.n, Charles J. DiBona, and Noble M. Melencamp. For the years 1969 and 1970, materials in TA 4 Tariff-Imports are subdivided by name of commodity. For the years 1971 through 1974 the Boycotts-Embargoes. TA 3 Exports, and TA 6 Trade Centers. Fairs and Missions subd.v.ded by countries (CO#).

TA TRADE ...... Topics covered include the role of the special representative for trade negotiations; establishment of administration trade policy; European Economic Community (EEC) trade policy; trade barners; international trade policy; trade negotiations; East-West trade relations; liberalization of the Export Control Act; the president's proposed trade message; trade legislation; the competitive position of U S industries; free trade; U.S.-EEC relations; the establishment of foreign trade zones; the administration's position on the trade bill; Trade Act of 1970; trade with the USSR, the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), and Eastern Europe; U.S.Japan trade negotiations; the U.S. balance of payments and trade deficit; the proposed Domestic International Sales Corporation (DISC); U.S. trade with Mexico and Latin America; and U.S.-Canada trade issues.

64 TA 1 BOYCOTTS-EMBARGOES Topics covered include grain shipments to the USSR; the Arab oil embargo; the embargo on copper and copper scraps; scrap exports and stainless steel scrap; exports to South Africa and Portugal; the importation of chrome from Rhodesia; cargo preference regulations; the administratbn's energy conservation program; U.S. petroleum exports; and the president's relaxa- tion of trade restrictions with the PRC.

TA 2 BUY AMERICAN Topics covered include proposed legislation amending Title III of the Buy American Act of 1933; domestic preferences for purchasing by the federal government; the general competitiveness of American-made goods; "made in Japan" goods; Department of Defense "buy American" provisions, and the administration's position on "buy American* provisions.

TA 3 EXPORTS Topics covered include extension of the Export Control Act of 1949; Bureau of International Commerce activities; export financing; proposed tax credits for exports; the liberalization of export control lists; export control regulations; Eximbank initiatives; U.S. agricultural exports to the EEC; proposed shipping requirements for the export credit program; voluntary agreements with textile- exporting nations;the Interagency Task Force for Export Expansion; the Coordinating Committee for Strategic Trade Controls (COCOM); proposed reform of the Export Expansion; proposed reform of the Export Trade Act of 1918; Webb-Pomerene Act; U.S. agricultural exports to Japan; the sale of surplus grain to the Soviet Union; non-tariff barriers to U.S. exports; technological exports to Eastern Europe; and a proposed White House conference on export expansion.

TA 4 TARIFF-IMPORTS Topics covered include possible mandatory legislative quotas on textile imports; the administration's position on the International Dumping Code; elimination of the American Selling Price (ASP) system of import valuation; the president's position on a generalized system of trade preferences; the trade adjustment assistance program; the Kennedy round trade negotiations; Japanese/Asian imports; possible grants for adjustment assistanceAax relief under the Trade Expansion Act of 1962; retention of the forty percent tariff on Wilson and velvet carpets; quotas on meat imports; the president's proclamation #4114 entitled "Quantitative Limitation on the Importatton of Certain Meats into the U.S."; administration policy concerning dairy imports; voluntary quotas on textiles; establishment of the Oil Import Appeals Board; the president's proclamation #3990 amending the oil import program; administration oil import policy; the American petrochemical industry and the oil import control program; the president's proclamation #4092 importation of Canadian crude and unfinished oil; fuel shortages; the proposed revisten of the Sugar Act; negotiations with Japan/EEC regarding voluntary restraints on steel exports; the issue of voluntary restraint agreements; the importation of liquified natural gas (LNG); and the application of countervailing duty laws on dairy imports. Both the Executive and General Files contain substantial correspondence concerning meat import quotas; the problems confronting the U.S. cattle industry; and the issue of oil import quotas.

TA 5 TRADE AGREEMENTS Topics covered include administration legislative proposals concerning the Trade Expansion Act; the president's annual reports on the implementation of the Automotive Products Trade Act of 1965; annual reports to Congress on the International Coffee Agreement and the Trade Agreements Program; the General Agreements on Tariff and Trade (GATT); U.S.-Japan trade relations; U.S.- Soviet grain agreement; protocol for the extension of the wheat trade agreement; and voluntary textile agreements.

TA 6 TRADE CENTERS, FAIRS. AND MISSIONS Topics covered include the president's annual report on the International Educational and Cultural Exchange Program; U.S. Information Agency annual reports on special international exhibitions; proposed U.S.-EEC conference of businessmen; convention concerning international expositions; requests for government assistance in staging international trade shows at various cities; the Trade Fair Act of 1959; and invitations to the president to attend/address trade shows, exhibits, etc.

65 Related subject categories in the White House Central Files include: FG (Federal Government) files for concerned agencies, commissions, and White House staff; CM (Commodities); CO (Countries); BE (Business-Economics); LE (Legislation); UT (Utilities); IT (International Organizations); ST (States-Territories); and Fl (Finance). The Name File and the Staff Members and Office Files•particularly those of Peter M. Ranigan and Peter G. Peterson•also hold materials related to this subject category. Fiche #1.1.TN TN (Transportation) Materials filed under the subject file category TN (Transportation) pertain to passenger and freight transportation by rail, highway, or water; and to services including stevedoring, warehousing, and pipeline transportation. Excepted are materials on air freight and civil air transportation, which are filed under CA (Civil Aviation); foreign travel, filed under FO (Foreign Affairs); inland waterways, canals, dams, channels, and projects, filed under NR (Natural Resources); military transportation, filed under ND (National Defense); and travel regulations for government emptoyees, filed under PE (Personnel Management). Among the principal correspondents in the Transportation files are the president; presidential assistants and advisers, including among others, John D. Ehrlichman, Peter M. Flanigan, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., and Egil Krogh, Jr.; Department of Transportation executives, including consecutive secretaries John Volpe and Claude Brinegar, and Undersecretary James Beggs. Other correspondents include members of the public.

TN TRANSPORTATION Included among the topics in this file are national transportation policy; special revenue sharing for transportation; regulation and deregulation of the transportation industry; legislation, such as the Urban Mass Transit Act and the Emergency Public Interest Protection Act of 1970; railroad and trucking strikes; and transportation industry productivity.

TN 1 HIGHWAYS Some of the topics in this file are legislation concerning the size and weight of trucks and buses; the Highway Trust Fund; fuel shortages; speed limits; and minimum age requirements for the operation of farm vehicles.

TN 2 INTERURBAN TFIANSPORTATION This file concerns research, funding, and legislation pertaining to mass transportation; the District of Columbia metro and freeway system; rapid transit service to National Airport; and public transportation provisions for the handicapped.

TN 3 PIPELINES Matters pertaining to the Trans-Alaskan pipeline are the subject of this file. Topics include Canadian alternatives to the Trans-Alaskan pipeline; pipeline environmental impact; pipeline safety; pipeline legislation; national security implications of the pipeline; and mineral leasing.

TN 4 RAILROADS Topics include rail transportation policy; railroad legislation; railroad deregulation; the financial condition of various railroad companies; rail service between the United States and Mexico; railroad routes; safety and passenger-service standards; railroad retirement increases; and freight car shortages.

TN 5 RATES This file concerns amendments to Interstate Commerce Commission freight rates; railroad, trucking, and marine industry shipping rates; passenger rates; and the effect of shipping rates on various industries.

TN 6 WAREHOUSING This file is empty except for a few cross reference sheets. *

66 TN 7 WATER This subheading includes the Merchant Marine as a subject and also concerns flags of necessity, ship registration, maritime shipbuilding, and inspection. Among the topics in the file are the U.S.-USSR maritime agreement; an amendment to the Merchant Marine Act; the White House Working Group on Maritime Policy; national security issues related to U.S. flag shipping; international conventions on maritime matters; the rehabilitation of and public support for the U.S. merchant marine and flag passenger ships; meetings with maritime industry and labor leaders; nuclear-powered tankers; Great Lakes shipping; inland waterways transportation industry; U.S. shipbuilding; U.S. ports and superports; U.S. port preference for Soviet trade; cargo preference legislation; rail cargo contracts; and the marine cargo container industry. Some related materials in the following subject categories include: FG 6-1 (Bureau of the Budget); BE (Business- Economics); CA (Civil Aviation); FG 6-3 (Council of Economic Advisers); CO (Countries); FG 21 (Department of Commerce); FG 25 (Department of Transportation); FG 6-15 (Domestic Council); FG 6-11-1/Flanigan, Peter (Flanigan, Peter); HI (Highways); JL (Judicial-Legal Matters); FG 6-11-1/Krogh, Egil (Krogh, Egil); LA (Labor-Management Relations); LE (Legislation); ST (States-Territories); and TA (Trade). Fiche #1.1.UT UT (Utilities) Under the file symbol UT (Utilities) are filed materials pertaining to public utilities in the communications and power (energy) fields. This includes communications by wire or radio; facilities and charges; generating, transmitting, and distributing electric power; and natural and artificial gas production and distribution. Principal correspondents in this file include the president and members of the White House staff such as presidential assistants John D. Ehrlichman and Peter M. Flanigan; science advisers Edward E. David and H. Guyford Stever; special consultant to the president on energy, Charles DiBona; the director of the Energy Policy Office, John A. Love; administrator, William Simon and deputy administrator, John Sawhill of the Federal Energy Administration; chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, Dixy Lee Ray; director of the Off ice of Telecommunication Policy, Clay T. Whitehead; director of the Office of Management and Budget, Roy Ash; members of Congress; state and local government officials; and executives of utility companies, trade organizations, and businesses.

UT UTILITIES The energy crisis precipitated by the Arab oil embargo during the second Nixon administration, and the many proposed solutions to coping with it, are the predominant topics filed under UT (Utilities). Documented are energy meetings, briefings, conferences, task forces, studies, reports, legislation, policy formulation, and programs. Some specific topics in the files include the reduction of oil imports; oil depletion allowances; mandatory petroleum allocations; oil, coal, natural gas, and gasoline shortages; synthetic fuels; nuclear reactors; geothermal energy; and laser fusion. Also included are materials concerning the impact of the energy crisis on environmental programs; inventions inspired by the energy crisis; the organization of federal energy regulatory activities; federal reorganizatten for energy policy; conservation measures at the federal, state, local, business, organizational, and individual level; and international cooperation in energy matters. UT 1 COMMUNICATIONS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS Materials filed under UT1 concern, among othertopics, communications and telecommunications policy and legislation; domestic and international communications satellites; executive branch reorganization for telecommunications policy; digital communications systems; the U.S. position at the World Administrative Radio Conference for space communications; sale of the government- owned communications satellite facility in Alaska to RCA; the COMSAT Corporatten; post-Apollo space cooperation; cable television; the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS); and the U.S. positton in the Intelstat market.

67 UT 1-1 RADIOTELEVISION The range of topics filed under this category include international agreements on broadcasting; financing and programs of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting; ratings for presidential press conferences, "Laugh-In," and paid political broadcasts; exploiting the potential of televisbn; presidential radio addresses; cigarette advertising; advertising during children's programs; broadcast license renewals; the "fairness doctrine," a proposed political broadcasting bill; television programming; amateur radio satellites; blackouts of professbnal football games; complaints against the Federal Communications Commission; and monopoly in the broadcast industry.

UT 2 ELECTRICITY Some of the topics filed in this category include electric power reliability legislation; national resource management and national goals; federal power programs; reports and meetings of the Interagency Power Plan Siting Study Group; nuclear and hydroelectric power plants; the Atomic Energy Commission's licensing process; and energy crisis; TVA electric rates; and the financial health of the utilities industry.

UT 2-1 PUBLIC POWER Much of the material filed in this category concerns the utilities industry. Some of the topics are wage and price controls; attacks on the electric power industry; the energy crisis; energy policy; and the regional power facilities.

Related materials may be found in the following subject categories: AT (Atomic Energy); CM (Commodities); FG 21 (Department of Commerce); FG 6-11-1/DiBona, Charles (DiBona, Charles); FG 6-11-1/Ehrlichman, John (Ehrlichman, John); FG 6-25 (Energy Policy Office); and FG 6-11-1/Love, John (Love, John).

68 WHITE HOUSE CENTRAL FILES Staff Member and Office Files

This file group consists of the files of White House staff members or their offices that were periodically forwarded to Central Files for general storage or integration into the White House Central Files system. Included are memoranda, correspondence, reports, telegrams, cables, press releases, speeches, lists, drafts, clippings, briefing papers, schedules, courtesy messages, invitations, public opinion mail, and printed materials. The subject content of these materials reflects the diverse activities of the White House staff members or offices. This file group also includes those materials that remained in various White House offices that were gathered by personnel after President Nixon's resignation for transfer to the National Archives. Fiche #1.2.CLAP Charles L. Clapp August 1969-June 1970 Special assistant to the president, staff of Arthur F. Bums, counsellor to the president. July 1970-March 1974 Special assistant to the president, Domestic Council staff. March 1974-1981 Commissioner, Interstate Commerce Commission.

The materials of Charles L. Clapp, special assistant to the president, reflect his responsibilities in domestic programs. On September 3,1969, Charles L Clapp joined the White House staff to work with Counsellor to the President Arthur F. Burns in organizing the seventeen presidential task forces of citizen participants who studied and provided recommendations about domestic concerns. Following a reorganization of the White House staff responsibilities for domestic issues, Clapp joined the Domestic Council staff on July 1,1970, where he continued his task force work while acquiring responsibilities for issues related to transportation, corrections, and prisoner rehabilitation. In November 1973, Charles L Clapp was nominated as a commissioner of the Interstate Commerce Commission. In March 1974, Clapp joined the commission for a seven-year term. The Clapp materials consist of four series: Administrative File, Task Force File, Domestic Council File, and Highway Safety Task Force File. The materials in the Administrative File provide an overview of Charles L. Clapp's duties and correspondence. The Task Force, Domestic Council, and Highway Safety Task Force files concern specific subjects and programs of interest to the Nixon administration. The Administrative File series, 1969 throughl 973, contains two subseries: a Correspondence File and a Subject File. The Correspondence File, 1969 through 1973, provides a chronological record of Charles Clapp's activrties with the task forces and his Domestic Council responsibilities relating to transportation, model cities, corrections, and prisoner rehabilitation. Much of this material is filed by subject within the Domestic Council File series. Included are materials concerning Charles L Clapp's meetings, speaking engagements, visits to schools and prisons, invitations, and evaluations of job candidates. Correspondents include Arthur F. Burns, Thomas Cole, Egil "Bud" Krogh, Jr., Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., John D. Ehrlichman, Peter Michel, Clapp's former colleagues in congressional staff offices, the Smithsonian Institution and the American Political Association, college presidents, and local, state and federal government officials. The Subject File, 1969 through 1973, contains Charles L. Clapp's telephone logs and appointment books for 1971 through 1973. Other material in the subseries concerns his task force responsibilities. These include the selection of the 225 task force members; coordination of task force members' political and security clearances priorto appointment; the coordination of task force requests for information from the White House and government agencies and the White House and government agency responses to task force recommendations; travel expense payments; and the release, publication, and distribution of the reports. A few documents concern proposed task forces on Indian elementary and secondary education, arts and humanities, and the establishment of a labor court. Among the files of requests for reports

69 are comments from the general public and federal, state, and local officials concerning controversial task force recommendations, including those of the Women's Rights and Responsibilities Task Force, and the statements of the Mentally Handicapped Task Force relating to abortion. Frequent correspondents include Arthur F. Bums, Harry S. Fleming, Egil Krogh, Jr., Gertrude Brown, and the task force chairmen and members. The Task Force File series, 1969 through 1973, contains materials relating to the seventeen task forces that were established by the president in 1969 and the subsequent completed reports of 1970. The files for each task force duplicate some of the information found in the Administrative File series, including correspondence of the president and Charles L. Clapp with task force members, White House press releases, and draft and published copies of the reports. Among the files is correspondence from advocacy groups and private industry representatives, meetings minutes, articles, reports, and publications. Some task forces, such as those for Highway Safety and Business Taxation, published consultants' reports and minority opinions. Others contain background materials, such as the history of women in the Republican Party and materials from the Citizen's Advisory Council on the Status of Women, 1965 through 1969, in the files of the Task Force on Women's Rights and Responsibilities. Also found in the series are materials concerning the proposed Task Force on Elementary and Secondary Education. The Domestic Council File series, 1969 through 1973, consists of three subseries: Corrections, Model Cities, and Transportation. The Corrections File, 1969 through 1973, includes Clapp's correspondence with federal, state, and local law enforcement officials, prisoners, and rehabilitation program personnel concerning the reform of the federal correcttons system, voting and emptoyment privileges of ex-offenders, establishment of the National Instrtute of Corrections, and education programs for juvenile offenders, prisoners, ex-convicts, prison guards, and other law enforcement personnel. Among the files are materials relating to Lorton Prison and the District of Columbia corrections system, Clapp's prison visits, and the National Conference on Corrections held in December 1971. Frequent correspondents include Egil Krogh, Jr.; Norman Carlson, Bureau of Prisons; Richard Velde, Law Enforcement Assistance Administration; Jerome Roscow, Department of Labor; Donald Santarelli, Department of Justice; and Blair Ewing, District of Columbia government. The Model Cities File subseries, 1969 through 1972, concerns the Nixon administration's planned variations revenue sharing program for urban rehabilitation. Included in the files are correspondence, applicatbns, reports from city officials and evaluations of the Model Cities programs in selected cities by Floyd Hyde of the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Interagency Selection Committee. The Transportation File, 1969-1973, the last subseries of the Domestic Council File series, concerns transportation policies and legislation. Included in the files are materials on government agency budgets, airport construction, airline regulatory policies, and hijacking. Other materials in the files concern the development of a national transportation policy, the use of highway trust fund monies for mass transit projects, subway and highway construction in the District of Columbia, the National Railway Transportation Corporation (also known as AMTRAK or Railpax), and the bankruptcy of Penn Central Railroad and subsequent trustees' negotiations with the United Transportation Union concerning crew requirements on trains. Frequent correspondents include Egil Krogh, Jr., and Kenneth R. Cole, Jr.; Office of Manage- ment and Budget staff members Jack Carlson, Roger Adkins, and Caspar Weinberger; Bill Usery, Department of Labor; John Volpe, Jim Beggs, and Charles Baker of the Department of Transportation; John Ingram, Federal Railroad Ad- ministration; and John Shaefer, Federal Aviation Administration. The Highway Safety Task Force File series, 1969 through 1971, which contains the working papers of one of the seventeen presidential task forces, supplements materials found in the Administrative and Task Force File series. The first of two subseries, the Subject File, 1969 through 1971, contains the material of Task Force Secretary William Harris, Jr., his colleagues at the Batelle Memorial Institute, and other consultants who assisted the task force in preparing the report. Included in the files are annotated task force report drafts and recommendations from task force members and Harris' correspondence with over 100 representatives of governors, state institutions, and universities who were invited to comment on the task force mission. Frequent correspondents include Harris; Task Force Chairman Franklin Kreml; members Howard Pyle and George Barton; and Batelle Memorial Institute staff members Margaret Windus, Mary Shoene, and Lenard Lederman. The second subseries of the Highway Safety Task Force File, the Publications File, 19[60}-69-70. contains numerical and alphabetical files of annotated printed materials, books, bibliographies, speeches, periodical articles, correspondence, and memoranda created between 1960 and 1969 and collected by the Batelle Memorial Institute staff from 1969 through 1970. Much of the numbered correspondence and memoranda is also found in the Subject File subseries described above. Among the materials are congressional documents relating to highway legislation, a ten-volume study of National Highway Safety Bureau priorities, and reports from the Department of Transportatton, National Academy of Sciences, and National Safety Council.

70 Some of the folder titles in the Clapp papers include alphabetical or numerical symbols. The annotation "(WF)" found in the Corrections and Transportation Files may refer to "Working File." The numerical annotations found in the folder titles and publications of the Highway Safety Task Force Files were apparently assigned by the Batelle Memorial Institute Staff Members. The "OA'and "CFOA" folder title designations refer to materials in the White House Central Files, Oversize Attachment and Confidential Oversize Attachment categories that were added to the collection. Documents throughout the Clapp papers have been withdrawn for reasons of personal privacy, federal statute, or national security. Approximately .0001 cubic feet of materials, determined to concern political or personal associations, has been returned to Charles Clapp. Approximately .33 cubic feet of photos, a set of slides, and two tapes were transferred to the audiovisual collection. Related materials may be found in the White House Special Files, Staff Member and Office Files' of John D. Ehrlichman (22.66 cubic feet), Egil Krogh, Jr., (28 cubic feet) and the White House Central Files, Staff Member and Office Files of Arthur F. Burns (1 cubic foot), and Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., (5 cubic feet). The White House Central Files, Subject Files includes material concerning the task forces (FG 221 ) (3 cubic feet), and the Domestic Council (FG 6-15) (3 cubic feet). Fiche #1.2.DAVI Edward E. David, Jr. August 19,1970 Nominated to succeed Dr. Lee A. DuBridge as director of the Office of Science and Technology and science adviser to the president. September 14,1970 Appointment effective. September 18,1970 Nomination confirmed. January 1973 Resigned from the White House.

The materials of Edward E. David, Jr., reflect his responsibilities as science adviser to the president, director of the Office of Science and Technology, chairman of the federal council for Science and Technology, and chairman of the President's Science Advisory Committee. David succeeded Dr. Lee A. DuBridge in August 1970 and served f or twenty-eight months, until January 1973. David's accomplishments at the White House were the reorganization of the federal government's scientific complex; initiation of reciprocal research agreements with several countries; reestablishment of a technological partnership between government and private industry; increasing of the federal science budget; and application of esoteric research techniques to such mundane problems as food production, mass transit, and the conservation of natural resources. The files are arranged in four series. The first is the OST White House Files (1962-1973), which is arranged alphabetically by subject after the prefix "White House." Each folder in the series contains a typewritten list of the correspondence in the folder, in reverse chronological order. The materials are now filed in straight chronological order. The first three boxes of materials are file coded "White House•Title Folder" and contain OST "Chron Files.'Thereafter, the files are subject files, filed alphabetically and in chronological order. Filed at the end of the series is a subseries of alphabetically arranged administrative files that include David's "chron files," materials concerning his writings, speeches, travel, and personnel. Comprising about two-thirds of David's materials are two series that pertain to the New Technology Opportunities (NTO) program that was initiated to stimulate research and development for the application of new technology to national problems including energy, environment, health care, natural disasters, and transportation. The NTO Alpha Subject Files [1971-1972] contain correspondence filed alphabetically by subject from industries, educational institutions, professional associations and organizations, and individuals responding to White House letters soliciting ideas for the NTO program. The NTO Numerical Subject Files [1960; 1969-1972] are arranged under a numerical file code scheme (a copy of the master file index is attached in the appendix). This series contains three subseries filed after the numerically coded materials: NTO Chron Files [1971-1972]; NTO Lawrence A. Goldmuntz Files [1969-1971 ], arranged alphabetically; and NTO Viewgraphs and Backup Materials [1971-1972]. The final series of David materials is the Frank R. Pagnotta Files [1968-1973], containing the OST executive officer's collection of printed reports and congressional documents. Reports are arranged alphabetically by title; House and Senate documents by numerical sequence.

71 David's materials also include 11.5 cubic feet of security investigation files that are not processed. Related materials are in White House Central Files subject categories FG 6-9 (Office of Science and Technology); FG 119 (Federal Council for Science and Technology); FG 152 (National Academy of Sciences); FG 164 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); FG 182 (National Science Foundation); FG 209 (President's Science Advisory Committee); FG 221 -18 (Space Task Group); FG 250 (President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization); HE (Health); OS (Outer Space); and NR (Natural Resources). Other related materials are in the White House Central Files (WHCF), Staff Member and Office Files (SMOF), Charles L. Clapp;the White House Central Files (WHCF), Staff Member and Office Files (SMOF), President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization; the White House Central Files (WHCF), Staff Member and Office Files (SMOF), Press Release Office Files; Record Group 220, Records of Temporary Committees, Commissions and Boards [Cabinet Task Force on Oil Import Controls]; and William M. Magruder's exit interview in the Oral History Project Files.

Fiche #1.2.0PPA Office of Presidential Papers and Archives On December 23,1969, after President Nixon requested its creation, the National Archives and Records Service detailed Walter Barbash and Terry Good to the President's Appointment Office to set up the daily diary. It was created to serve a twofold purpose. First, as a presidential activities log it was to provide for the immediate use of the staff a rapid retrieval of information needed in planning a balanced schedule, maximizing the use of the president's time. Second, it was created to provide a central storage location for the "personal papers" of all staff members turned over to the National Archives for an eventual presidential library. From December 23, 1969, to June 14.1971, Dwight L. Chapin and Alexander P. Butterfield were responsible for supervision of the president's daily diary. On June 14.1971, the daily diary effort became a semi-autonomous unit within the Office of Presidential Papers and Archives (OPPA). This semi-autonomous unit, the Nixon records liaison staff, had as its staff director, Jack Nesbitt. Jack Nesbitt and his staff were responsible for coordination with the Office of Presidential Libraries, National Archives and Records Service (GSA) on day-to-day matters relating to the future Nixon Library, and for providing liaison regarding Nixon Library matters with White House staff, Executive Office of the President agencies, the Nixon Foundation, and the Republican National Committee. The Nixon records liaison staff, in order to carry out its responsibilities, supervised different records management programs. The staff directed three programs that were created in 1969 to effectively control materials destined for an eventual Nixon presidential library. The programs were President Nixon's Diary; Reference and Card Index on Presidential Contacts; and Courtesy Storage of Papers and Reference Service on Pre- Presidential Materials. With the exception of the Reference and Card Index on Presidential Contacts, these programs continued until President Nixon resigned on August 9,1974. The responsibility for the Reference and Card Index on Presidential Contacts program shifted to White House Central Files effective January 20,1973. During 1971, other programs evolved. These programs included exit interviews with key White House and Executive Office of the President agency staff; identification of White House photographs; purchase of books and periodicals; acquisition of personal papers of key Nixon administration officials; Nixon Library vertical file; acquisition of records of the Committee to Re-elect the President (CREP) and records of the Republican National Committee (1960-1976); and Nixon Library facility planning. Records documenting these programs now comprise other file segments of the Office of Presidential Papers and Archives. The Daily Diary series represents a consolidated record of the president's activities. Most of the information contained in these files was compiled from other sources of White House documentation, for example, movement logs (typed by the Signal Board); telephone logs (handwritten by the White House switchboard); Oval Office logs (showing the President's contacts inside the Oval Office); Executive Office building (EOB) office logs (compiled for each day the president entered the EOB office, whether or not he received any visitors on that day); military aide's logs (showing the president's activities in such bcations as Key Biscayne, Camp David, and San Clemente); Alexander P. Butterfield's Oval Office Logs; Henry A. Kissinger's logs; Usher's logs (prepared daily and recording activities of the first family inside the residence); Secret Service shift reports; detailed advance schedules; Paul Fisher, White House projectionist; Ronald L Ziegler's press briefing transcripts; pool reports; Manolo Sanchez, valet to the president; EPS Station H-4; Mark I. Goode, Press Office assistant to the president; and Social Office. Other sources of information forthe Daily Diary series included scenarios confirmed by White House offices for various events in which the president participated ; White

72 House Photo Office contact sheets showing events not mentioned in the above sources; Central Files; newspapers; magazines; and television reports. Seven days is the normal time lag between the actual day and the staff's ability to compile, write, and deliver a completed daily diary. Copies of the daily diary were supplied to key White House people. H.R. Haldeman, assistant to the president; Alexander P. Butterfield, Haldeman's principal deputy; and Dwight L Chapín, appointments secretary to the president, were among those receiving copies.

Fiche #1.2.PACE President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization The President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization (PACEO) was appointed by the president on April 15, 1969. Its mission was to conduct a review of the organization of the executive branch and to recommend changes that would alleviate problems arising from overlapping jurisdictions and improve the effectiveness of the government departments in carrying out the administration's domestic programs. The council's first five members, also appointed on April 5,1969, were Chairman Roy L. Ash, John B. Connally, Frederick R. Kappel, Richard M. Paget, and George Baker. They were later joined by Walter Thayer, appointed June 2,1969, who also held the post of special consultant to the president with the responsibility of assisting with establishing the council. Murray Comarow was the council's first executive director, and Andrew Rouse his deputy and later successor. The council first convened on April 10,1969. It met formally one or two full days a month, conducted 1,500 interviews, met with the president five times, and prepared for him fourteen memoranda between July 19,1969, and November 19,1970. Three of these reports were eventually made public: The Establishment of a Department of Natural Resources," "Organization for Social and Economic Programs" (published together, Government Printing Office, February 1971); and "The Independent Regulatory Agencies," published under the title "A New Regulatory Network, Report on Selected Independent Regulatory Agencies" (Government Printing Office, January 1971). In addition, the council published "President's Departmental Reorganization•A Reference Compilation" (Government Printing Office, March 1971 ). Despite discussion among administratbn members that the council should prepare and perhaps publish a "Final Report," such a report was, apparently, never prepared. President Nixon accepted the resignation of the council on May 7,1971. The council's files are arranged in seven series. Three of these series•Memoranda for the President, Meeting Files, and Subject Categories, together comprise about sixty percent of the file group's volume and are its core•follow the strict arrangement scheme imposed on them by the council's records officer. The Memorandatorthe President series, holds the council's final, finished products, together with drafts, reports, and staff comments, and the Meetings Files series, which holds such things as agendas, minutes of meetings, and lists of attendees, are arranged chronologically. The Subject Categories series is comprised of six subseries, holding the records of the six council study groups. Arrangement within each subseries folbws a numerical scheme that divides materials into types, beginning with the memoranda for the president and including correspondence, transcripts of interviews, background reports and memoranda. Two other series, Chronological and Administrative Files and Andrew M. Rouse Files, do not follow the same arrangement scheme. The Chronological and Administrative File•which is arranged partly chronologically, partly by subject•covers administrative details of the coundl's work, such as acquiring staff and equipment, responding to offers of assistance and advice, arranging meetings, and caring for council financial and legal matters. The Andrew M. Rouse Files are the office files of the council's deputy director and, in its late phase, director. It is arranged in two subseries. First is a Meetings File, which duplicates some of the material in the main Meetings File, described above, and a Subject File, which covers primarily the work of the two study groups with which Rouse worked most closely•those for the Executive Office of the President and Natural Resources. The subseries is arranged in an approximate alphabetical order that keeps the materials covering these two study groups each respectively together. The subseries also contains four folders of office files of Dwight Ink, an official of the Bureau of the Budget who worked with the council. The last two series, Reference File and Printed Material, contain background materials on reorganization proposals, past and present, and on government programs. Materials related to the council's records are located in the Subject Files of the White House Central Files, FG 250 (The President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization), and in the Staff Member and Office Files•in both the White House Central Files and the White House Special Files•of administration figures such as H.R. Haldeman, John

73 D. Ehrlichman, Peter M. Flanigan, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Eg« Krogh, Jr., Ray Price, and John C. WhKaker, who participated in the Council's work. In addition, Roy Ash has a small staff member file in the White House Central Files.

Fiche #1.2.WHIT The John C. Whitaker File Group (John C. Whitaker, Richard M. Fairbanks III, L. Edwin Coate)

John C. Whitaker I960 Advance man in Nixon's presidential campaign. 1960 -1968 Associated with Nixon in various ways. 1968 Scheduler during Nixon's 1968 campaign. December 17,1968 Appointment1 announced as secretary to the cabinet. November 4,1969 Appointed deputy assistant to the president for domestic affairs, as part of the White House reorganization that created the Domestic Council. February 2,1973 -1975 Undersecretary of the Interior.

Richard M. Fairbanks III January-July 1971 Special assistant to the administrator, Environmental Protection Agency. July 1971 Appointed to the Domestic Council staff as assistant to John C. Whitaker. May 24,1973 Appointed associated director of the Domestic Council. May 1974 Left government service.

L Edwin Coate May 11,1970 Appointed to serve as White House fellow for 1970 through 1971. July 30,1971 Left government service.

The John C. Whitakerfile group documents primarily the Nixon administration's environmental and natural resources policies, from mid-1969 through early 1973. The three men whose office files comprise the file group•John C. Whitaker, Richard M. Fairbanks III, and L. Edwin Coate•were all members of the Domestic Council staff, with responsibility for environmental and natural resources policies. John C. Whitaker, after spending most of his first y ear in the administration as secretary to the cabinet, was appointed deputy assistant to the president for domestic affairs on November 4,1969; this appointment was part of the White House reorganization that created the Domestic Affairs staff, later called the Domestic Council. "My particular area," Whitaker wrote shortly after commencing his Domestic Council duties, "is natural resources and environment. This means that I become involved in such things as the Everglades jetport, Trans-Alaskan pipeline, federal/state compacts for resources, etc This work leads me to heavy involvement with the Departments of Agriculture and Interior. But it also includes, for example, the Army Corps of Engineers, [the] Navy [Department], [the] Commerce [Department], [the] Coast Guard... and a host of other departments and agencies." As the administration's environmental program devetaped and new entities were created to implement it, Whitaker added such agencies as the Environmental Protection Agency and the Council on Environmental Quality to his list. Beginning September 1,1970, Whitaker added to his Domestic Council duties the responsibility of being the White House contact for United States policy toward Puerto Rico. . Whitaker left the Domestic Council in February 1973, to take the post of undersecretary of the Intenor. His duties were taken over by his assistant, Richard M. Fairbanks III. whom Whitaker had recruited to the Domestic Council staff from the Environmental Protection Agency in July 1971. On May 24,1973. Fairbanks was appointed associate director of the Domestic Council. He left the White House staff in May 1974 to return to private legal practice. Fairbanks' office file includes virtually no documentation of his work after John Whitaker's departure in February 1973. L Edwin Coate was a White House fellow who worked with Whitaker approximately a year, from May 1970 through July 1971. He is represented by a small office file.

74 The file group is comprised of approximately fifty so-called "oversize attachments'-^roups of materials that were retired by the Domestic Council staff to the White House Central Files unit, but that were not incorporated in the Central Files' subject category scheme. They were, in effect, in dead storage. Since they represented about fifty discrete retirements, most of whatever original filing order they once possessed was lost. Consequently, an order was imposed upon them during processing. The oversized attachments were actually retired under one or the other of two names, Wh¡taker or Fairbanks. These two groups were determined, however, to be too indistinct to require two file groups and were combined. A few series defined themselves as being discrete from the mass of unarranged subject files that dominated the file group. These are the Chronological Füe, the Secretary to the Cabinet File, the Presidential Events File, and the Printed Material file. The rest of the file group has been arranged into one large subject file and three staff files•smaller subject files documenting the work of WhHaker's assistants, Richard M. Fairbanks and L Edwin Coate. One of these files, the Richard M. Fairbanks Personal File, is composed of documentation of Fairbanks' private law practice and of his work in the government prior to his coming to the White House; this file has been returned to Fairbanks. The identification of folders as belonging to one or the other of the subject and staff files was not always an obvious matter, and an element of subjectivity crept into the decisionmaking. Related materials can be found in the Staff Member and Office Files of the White House Special Files, particularly in the John D. Ehrlichman file group; in those of the White House Central Files, particularly in the Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., Earl Butz, John D. Ehrlichman, Tod R. Hullin, Dorena Ninham-Dam, Glenn Schleede, and the President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization file groups; and in the White House Central Files, Subject Files, particularly the AgricuKure, Natural Resources, and Federal Government categories. John C. Whitaker's book, Striking A Balance: Environmental and Natural Resources Policy in the Nixon-Ford Years (Washington, D.C., 1976), describes many of the events documented in this file group.

WHITE HOUSE SPECIAL FILES

The Special Files Unit was created in September 1972 to provide a central storage location for sensitive material. Early in 1970, John R. Brown III, special assistant to the president and staff secretary, had conducted a review of the handling procedures for all presidential papers. His report was contained in a memorandum to H.R. Haldeman, dated March 25,1970. (This memorandum is reproduced as Appendix IV.) In it, Brown recommended the immediate establishment of a special files unit to handle the storage of all sensitive material, material of a personal nature, and material containing the president's handwriting. The consolidation of these files into a central location would, according to his recommendation, tighten up the procedures for handling presidential papers. Two years later, the Nixon administration acted on the recommendations by establishing, within the White House complex, a special files unit that was completely independent of the White House Central Files unit. To ensure the utmost security, the number of individuals who worked in the Special Files Unit was intentionally kept at a minimum. Gertrude Brown Fry, who was staff assistant for security, was appointed to supervise the new White House unit. (See Appendix V for an affidavit of Gertrude Fry describing the establishment and maintenance of the Special Files.) Her assistant was Hazel F. Fulton, who had been a confidential assistant to Peter M. Flanigan, assistant to the president. Prior to the establishment of the Special Files, much of the sensitive material generated by the White House staff was not forwarded to the White House Central Files for general storage, but was dispersed throughout the White House complex and held by individual staff members in their own offices. Following the decision to set up Special Files, John W. Dean III, counsel to the president, instmcted Fry and Fulton to receive, index, and file all sensitive White House staff materials. They were also provided criteria to use in making determinations about items to include in Special Files. According to the criteria there were twelve groups of files that warranted special care and handling: investigative reports on individuals; applications and recommendations for positions; documents that contained derogatory remarks concerning the character, loyalty, integrity, or ability of individuals;documentsrelatingtopersonal, family, orfinancial affairs of individuals; documents that contained information that could be used to harass living persons or relatives of recently deceased persons; information prejudicial to the national security; information prejudicial to foreign relations; communications addressed to the president in confidence, the immediate publication of which would result in discouraging confidential communications to a president in the future; documents that pertained to the president's personal, family, business, and financial affairs; security-classified information; documents specifically restricted by the president; and politically sensitive information or documents. With these instructions Fry proceeded to set up, organize, and manage the Special Files. The first materials received by the new White House unit were the president's handwriting files and the files of the staff secretary. Fry and Fulton also began to review the Confidential Files in the White House Central Files, including the subject files and retired files of White House staff members, to determine which documents should be removed and placed in the Special Files. Furthermore, it was decided to continue the same arrangement scheme used by the White House Central Files unit rather than to devise a new filing system for Special Files materials. A cross reference card was prepared for use by the White House Central Files unit to indicate the new location of withdrawn Hems in Special Rles. This practice, however, was not always done as time passed. It was the intention of the Special Files Unit that each senior White House staff member would send sensitive materials to Special Files for storage and exclusive retrieval by the staff member. In practice, however, Special Files did not receive sensitive material from many top staff members. When staff members did resign their appointment or left the White House staff, the Special Files Unit received all their files and reviewed them for items that met the specified criteria for sensitivity and inclusion in Special Files. All nonsensHive materials were subsequently forwarded to the White House Central Files for general storage.

77 If the Special Files Unit did not receive a large quantity of sensitive materials from a particular staff member, but only a few folders, these folders were placed in the file group known as Special Staff Files. Although Special Files was a development of the Nixon administration, it did not immediately end with the resignation of President Nixon on August 9, 1974. The Special Files Unit continued to operate for an additional eleven months by serving the needs of the Ford White House staff. On June 23,1975, the Ford administration abolished Special Files and all sensitive materials in its custody were transferred to the Confidential Files of the White House Central Files.

78 WHITE HOUSE SPECIAL FILES President's Office Files Fiche #2.1.POF The President's Office Files The President's Office Files consists of materials drawn together by the Special Files Unit from several administrative subdivisions within the White House Office. President Nixon's chiefs of staff, H.R. Haldeman (1969 -1973) and Alexander M. Haig, Jr., (1973 -1974), were in charge of the overall operation of the White House Office. Alexander P. Butterf ield, as deputy assistant to the president, was responsible forthe final review of all memoranda and reports going to the president and for handling and marking the material seen by him. Stephen B. Bull assumed these duties in 1973. The bulk of the papers retrieved from the president's outbox were sent to the Central Files or to Henry A. Kissinger for the National Security Council Files. However, materials containing the president's handwrrting or of a particularly sensitive nature were sent by Butterf ield to the Staff Secretary's Office for disposition and storage. It is handwriting and sensitive papers sent to the staff secretary that now comprise much of the President's Office Files. The manner in which these materials were processed depended on the procedures established by the staff secretary. John R. Brown III (1969 -1971), Jon M. Huntsman (1971). Bruce A. Kehrli (1972 -1974), and Jerry H. Jones (1974) held this position in the Nixon White House. Butterfield and, later, David C. Hoopes were responsible for ensuring that meetings attended by the president were documented in the files; this included instructing staff members to be present at specific meetings in order to prepare memoranda for the record, and following up to make sure the required memoranda were completed and submitted. The Appointments Office, headed by Dwight L Chapin, handled the preparation of the president's daily schedule. The first lady's office informed Chapin of the public activities of Mrs. Nixon, Patricia Nixon Cox, and Julie Nixon Eisenhower for inclusion in the president's official schedule. The materials in the President's Office Files, White House Special Files, date from 1969 through 1974. They provide a detailed record of the president's official responsibilities as head of state, chief executive, Commander-in-chief, and political leader. The files are divided into six series that include papers the president saw or may have seen, documentation of his daily activities, and administrative control records. The two series most closely associated with the president are the President's Handwriting and the Annotated News Summaries. The President's Handwriting contains memoranda and reports bearing notes in the president's handwriting. The president's notations range from the approval or disapproval of plans for social events to the initiation of major domestic or foreign policy programs. The principal aides represented in this series are Patrick J. Buchanan, Arthur F. Burns, Charles W. Colson, Harry S. Dent, John D. Ehrlichman, Alexander M. Haig, Jr., H.R. Haldeman, Henry A. Kissinger, Paul W. McCracken, Robert P. Mayo, Daniel P. Moynihan, Peter G. Peterson, George P. Shultz, Herbert G. Stein, and Caspar W. Weinberger. News summaries were prepared for the president on a regular basis by the Office of Media Analysis and Speechwriting. The Annotated News Summaries contain the president's marginalia on a wide variety of subjects. As with the President's Handwrrting series, the notations were often intended by the president to be directives to his staff. In such cases, the Staff Secretary would provide a memorandum to the appropriate person informing him of the president's request. The staff secretary was also responsible forthe disposition of presidential handwriting material. From January 1969 through October 1971, only those pages of the news summary on which the president wrote were retained in the file. Thereafter, the complete issue was retained regardless of the amount of presidential handwriting it contained. The News Summaries series, which includes the unannotated copies from 1971 through 1974. is not complete. The materials of Patrick J. Buchanan and Lyndon K. (Mort) Allin in the White House Central Files, and Staff Member and Office Files should be examined for issues of the news summaries not found in the President's Office Files. Other prominent file groups that contain the president's handwriting are the National Security Council Files and the President's Personal Files. The third series in the President's Office Files is the President's Meetings File, 1969 -1974. The major subseries• Memoranda for the President's File•describes the meetings and ceremonies in which the president participated. These memoranda were written by White House staff members whose attendance was required at specific meetings

79 and who were assigned the task of recording the event for the files. Frequently staff members prepared «color" reports of meetings that recorded anecdotes involving the president and his advisers. The chief correspondents areJohn K. Andrews Patrick J. Buchanan, Alexander P. Butterfield. Stephen B. Bull. Charles W. Colson, Alexander M. Ha.g, Jr.. Henry A. Kissinger. Tom C. Korologos. Peter G. Peterson. Raymond K. Price, and Caspar W. Weinberger The president's meetings with the Republican and Democratic leaders, the cabinet, and the quadnad (the administration's economic policymakers) are well documented in the Memoranda for the President s F.le subsenes^ However, other meetings of the president are not as well covered and gaps of several days occur when he traveled abroad or to Key Biscayne or San Clemente. Beginning in late 1973. the quantity of memoranda decreases. In addition, some staff members failed to provide the memoranda for meetings to which they were assigned. In such .nstances the president's briefing paper in advance of the event or the reminder to the staff member about his overdue memorandum was inserted in the file. . . The Chronological File series. 1969 -1974. consists almost entirely of copies of the pressent s conf.dent.al correspondence to heads of state, congressmen, religious leaders. White House and Administration off «.als. and private citizens. From 1969 until early 1970. the file also includes copies of memoranda the President wrote to his top-level assistants, principally H.R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman. Two of the series that document the president's daily activities are the desk copies of his daily schedule and he logs maintained by the White House telephone operators. The daily schedules cover the period September 1969 through December 1972. Beginning in June 1971. the schedules are fewer in number and there are gaps of several weeks. Prepared in advance, the schedules are generally divided into morning and afternoon segments. Frequently, the afternoon segment contains the public activities of Mrs. Nixon, Patricia Nixon Cox. and Julie Nixon Eisenhower. The President's Telephone Calls series dates from January 1969 through December 1973. These togs were used by the Office of Presidential Papers and Archives to compile the president's daily diaries. Other White House Special Files materials relating directly to the papers in the President s Office F.les can be found in the Staff Secretary's Files and the President's Personal Files.

Fiche #2.1.PPF The President's Personal File

The President's Personal File is essentially a president's secretary's file, kept by Rose Mary Woods, personal secretary to the president, for two purposes: (1 ) preserving for posterrty. a collect• of documents dosely associated m rta 0 d with the president, whether because he dictated or annotated them, or because of the ' ^ 7o ^"3" ^ or the event concerned; and (2) giving appropriate attention-letters of gratitude, .nvrtafons to Whrte House social events, and the like^to members and important friends and supporters of the Nixon adm.n.strat,on. This gmirtahon does not describe all the varied materials of a file group that is essentially a miscellany, but rt does dentrfy the reason

for the existence of the file group's core. .•._,. U^IJ«. • The President's PersonaÍFile is divided into eighteen series. The Memoranda from the President"r-es hoWs a chronological sequence of transcripts of dk*ated messages from the president to key members of his staff, particularly

to H R. Haldeman. JohnD. Ehrlichman, Henry A. Kissinger, and Rose Ma? Woods.Others«l^••^*• directed include Peter M. Flanigan. Bryce N. Harlow. Raymond K. Price. Patnck B^3"3"'^3^^^.8^? Charles Rebozo, and the first family. Subjects covered include substantive policy --^J^ of Congress, the press, and the American people; liaison wHh admin.strat.on friends; and the use and decorafon of the

White House. Very few memoranda were created after March 1973. ^rpaerv,n Next follow three name and name/subject files. The first, the Name/Subject File, contains the president s cor^espon- dence wrth family, friends, supporters, administration members, and foreign ^•^^^.^ÏÏ.' or near complete collection of copies of Nixon's handwritten letters wrmen during his ^r^J^^^ handwritten or autographed communications from notable people-handwrrtten notes or lette*. from Gerald Ford^ wÏam Fulbright. Jacqueline Onassis. Prince Phillip, and Prince Charles, for example, and autographed^letters fom QZilaabeth Chiang Kai-shek. Lyndon Johnson, and Harry Truman. Events documen ed mclude the Kent ^ate shootings.thepresident'snodurnalvish^ Agnews resignation, and important presidential speeches and trips. Communications wth famrty members and dose

^tZTC^Tul^L the Rose Ma* Woods Name/Subje* File are related to the Name^

Fillint^

80 time friend or supporter. They are distinct, though, in being primarily files of Rose Mary Woods' correspondence rather than the president's; they document her work in maintaining liaison with long-term supporters of the president and in handling certain details of the daily work that required the attention of the president's personal secretary, such as acknowledging small personal gifts or keeping the president's country club and fraternal society memberships current. Next in order are two speech files, the President's Speech File and the Raymond K. Price Speech File. The former is particularly notable for its handwritten presidential drafts, generally in outline form on yellow legal-size paper. Speechwriter drafts are also present. The coverage includes the entire administration. The Raymond K. Price Speech File is more selective, containing drafts only of some speeches, and primarily those from the administration's last two years. The Watergate speeches are represented in many drafts. The next five series reflect Rose Mary Woods' liaison work with administration supporters. The White House Social Events series, the Whhe House Social Entertainments Office series, and the Republican National Committee Files all document her efforts to remember administration supporters through invitations to White House social events and other courtesies. The Committee for the Re-election of the President Files contain correspondence from local Republican leaders, addressed to Rose Mary Woods in response to a request from Clark MacGregor, pledging their support for the president and giving their telephone numbers. The Photograph and Autograph Request File reflects Woods' work in distributing autographed photographs of the president and first family. The rest of the President's Personal File is miscellany. The Transition Materials series, composed only of prepresidential documents, has been returned in its entirety. The Foreign Affairs File consists of briefing books, biographical profiles, and compilations of the president's foreign travel. The Selection of the Vice Presidential Nominee series is composed primarily of letters from Republican congressmen, written at the request of the White House, advising the president on a nominee to succeed Spiro T. Agnew. The Transcripts of Recorded Presidential Conver- sations series holds transcripts of conversations, in rough form and probably prepared by Rose Mary Woods' office; most of the conversations here transcribed were eventually printed in the "Submission of Recorded Presidential Con- versations ...,'' released on April 30.1974. The President's Financial and Family Papers series, much of which has been returned, is largely a consequence of allegations regarding President Nixon's property transactions, tax returns, and related financial matters, and the subsequent release by the White House of the Coopers and Lybrand audit of the president's affairs. The Materials Removed from the President's Desk series holds unrelated materials removed from the president's desks at the end of his administration, ranging from briefing books and reports to photographs, dictabelts, and mementoes. The series holds a box of correspondence annotated by the president. Photographs, sound recordings, and museum objects have been transferred from the President's Personal File to the audiovisual unit and the domestic gift collection. File groups that are related to the President's Personal File include the President's Office File (47.5 cubic feet), which was apparently created and maintained by Alexander P. Butterfield, Stephen B. Bull, and the staff secretary's office; the member files for Raymond K. Price (34 cubic feet); and Rose Mary Woods (17.75 cubic feet). Staff Member and Office Files Fiche #2.2.BARK Desmond J. Barker, Jr., Special Assistant to the President July 23,1971 Special assistant to the president•for domestic communications liaison. January 1973 Departed White House after resignation to return to his firm in Salt Lake City.

The materials of Desmond J. Barker, Jr., cover the period from July 1971 to January 1973. During that time he was Charles W. Colson's deputy on the president's personal staff, serving as a special assistant to the president. Barker was a mid-level administrative off icer with responsibility for domestic communications liaison; he coordinated the public information activities of the executive departments with those of the White House Communications Office. Under Colson's guidance, it was his principal duty to supervise the White House news planning calendar, by which he directed the planning and scheduling of the administration's news activities. The subject matter of this file group reflects Barker's responsibilities. There are memoranda, letters, newsclippings, schedules, notes, personnel lists, public statements, and press announcements relating to the coordination accom- plished by the White House and the various departments concerning news releases about new or ongoing federal

81 programs; the economy; natural disasters of a major, national scale; labor problems and legislation; the news media; leaders of political opposition and campaigns; and international agreements. Fiche #2.2.BROW John R. Brown III, White House Staff Assistant January 21,1969- White House staff assistant. March 1.1971

The Special Files of John R. Brown III, were created or received by him during 1969. Brown served as a White House staff assistant and staff secretary for H.R. Haldeman from January 21, 1969, through March 1, 1971. Brown's later papers are contained in the files of the office of the staff secretary in the White House Special Files. The files contain three series: Memoranda, 1969; Personal Files, 1969; and Administrative Files. The Memoranda, 1969 series consists of communications circulated among members of the White House staff. Most of these memoranda were sent by Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., and deal primarily with requests for action resulting from White House news summaries•verifying facts, seeking additional information, and refuting statements. Many of the items are "action memos," which include a log number and due date in the lower right-hand corner. The file of the staff secretary's office contains an index to action mémos. The Personnel Files contains letters, memoranda, and resumes related to staffing the Nixon White House in 1969, including recommendations for positions, decisions on salaries, personnel forms, and memos on tranferring people from the government agencies. Most of these materials originated in the office of Larry Higby and Jean Robb. Also included are White House staff lists arranged alphabetically by senior staff member and office. The Administrative File series contains an outline of the Johnson administration staff structure. The files include a complete list of White House staff by office and position; an outline of each office, its staff members, and job descriptions; and a summary of the staff and operating office salaries and expenses. Fiche #2.2.BUCH Patrick J. Buchanan 1966 -1969 Speech writer and research director, press assistant, political aide, and executive assistant to Richard Nixon (as Republican campaigner and presidential candidate). January 21,1969 Special assistant to the president for media analysis and speechwrrting. January 21,1973 Special consultant to the president for media analysis and speechwriting. August 9,1974 Special consultant to President Gerald Ford. November 1974 Resigned from White House staff.

The materials of Patrick J. Buchanan cover the period from January 21.1969, to December 31,1972, and represent the records selected by the personnel of the White House Special Files Unit for inclusbn in the Special Files. The remainder of Buchanan's office records, a large amount of which are newspaper clippings and copies of numerous publications, are located in the White House Staff Member and Office Files. Buchanan joined the White House staff as a special assistant to the president the day after the 1969 inauguration. Previously, he had served Richard M. Nixon for three years in a number of capacities. First, when Nixon was active nationally as a campaigner for Republican office seekers, Buchanan was speech writer and research director, press assistant, political aide, and executive assistant. Later, during the presidential campaign of 1968, Buchanan was a speech writer for both Nixon and Spiro T. Agnew, the vice presidential candidate. At the White House, Buchanan's assigned duties continued to be related to written communication. For the most part, this was in the form of daily news briefings, background information for press conferences, and political campaign data gathered for partisan purposes in the 1972 election. Initially, among Buchanan's responsibilities was that of preparing the president's daily "News Summary." This in- house news publication of some ten-to-twenty pages was assembled for the president's reading each morning and presented to him, in capsule format, the foreign and domestic news of the previous day and night. Included were major

82 as well as minor news that Buchanan felt would interest the president and his most senior assistants. To a large extent, the daily "News Summary" was Buchanan's succinct analysis of the contemporary news media. Next among Buchanan's duties was the compilation and coordination of background briefing materials for presidential and a few vice presidential press conferences. The briefings•for both the larger, announced press conferences and the smaller, informal ones held in the Oval Office•related to a widespread number of topics and were in the form of probable questions that the White House staff members anticipated news reporters would address to the president. Along with the questions were answers recommended by Buchanan, other members of the White House staff, and the heads of major departments of the government. The briefing book back-up material was routinely collected for the purpose of presenting to the president, or on a rare occasion to the vice president, information related to contemporary or forthcoming issues and events before either one of them appeared in front of members of the press. The background material presented was collected from widespread sources within the administration, from letters, memoranda, studies and reports, straight news, abstracts of published Kerns of interest, and biographical sketches. An interesting adjunct to the briefing and back-up materials is the collection of printed political campaign materials assembled in September and October 1972 by Buchanan and filed under the subseries title of "1972 Election File." The purpose of the collection was to provide counteraction against public opinion favorable toward George S. McGovern, the 1972 Democratic presidential candidate. The end product was a compilation of printed points of record issued under the title, The Assault Book" or The Book." This compilation was critical of those statements, policy positions, and votes that McGovern made immediately preceding the 1972 presidential campaign. This publication was distributed to Republican field campaigners throughout the nation in order to provide critical opposition to McGovern, using his own words on sensitive topics ranging from abortion to opposition to the Vietnam War and Nixon's foreign policy. Fiche #2.2.BULL Stephen B. Bull, Special Assistant to the President and Appointment Secretary July-November, 1968 Advanceman, Nixon presidential campaign November 1968- Member, Mr. Nixon's government transition staff. New York, New York. January 1969 1969-1973 Staff assistant to the president. 1973-1974 Special assistant to the president and appointments secretary.

The papers of Stephen B. Bull, special assistant to the president and appointments secretary, reflect the scheduling and appointments procedures, public relations efforts, and off-year election campaign strategy of the Nixon White House during the 1969-1973 period. The greater part of the papers consists of memoranda regarding the presidential telephone and contact program, appointments, office procedures, and memoranda and reports concerning scheduling objectives. A major portion of the memoranda prior to February 1973•concerning presidential activities, scheduling, telephone contact procedures, and image-promoting events and techniques•were exchanged between Bull and Dwight L Chapin, the president's appointments secretary, and between Bull and H.R. Haldeman, and routed through Chapin. Recurring throughout the files are materials relating to enhancement of the president's image through use of his routine activities, such as greeting visitors and making telephone calls. Related and intermingled with the materials concerning Nixon's public image are papers on the 1972 presidential campaign strategies, which consist of scheduling presidential events and trips in a manner that would enhance the president's visibility without making it appear that he was actively campaigning. The files, received in random order, were subsequently rearranged in six series, reflecting the major functions of Stephen Bull's position. In addition to the materials in Special Files, there are approximately eight feet of White House Staff Member and Office Files for Stephen B. Bull. Two portraits of President Nixon and a photograph of a plaque given to Nelson Rockefeller have been removed to the audiovisual collection and replaced with photocopies.

83 Fiche #2.2.BUTT Alexander P. Butterfield, Deputy Assistant to the President 1967-1969 Senior military representative of the United States; representative for commander-in- chief, Pacific Forces, Australia. 1969 -1973 Deputy assistant to the president.

The materials of Alexander P. Butterfield cover the years 1969 through 1973. During those years he served as H.R. Haldeman's deputy on the president's personal staff as deputy assistant to the president. Butterfield served as a chief administrative officer, having responsibility for final review of all memoranda, briefing papers, and correspondence going to the president as well as the conduct of the president's daily non-public activities. After November 1969, the Nixon administration had no formal secretary to the cabinet, and Butterfield assumed those duties informally as cabinet coordinator. He supervised the operation of the Staff Secretary's Office, the Security Office, the Office of Presidential Papers and Archives, the Office of Special Files, and the work of presidential receptionists. He served as liaison for the first lady's staff, the White House social secretary, the Office of White House Visitors, and the military assistant to the president. He also oversaw internal security, acting as liaison with the United States Secret Service's Presidential Protective Division, Technical Security Division, and the Executive Protective Service. Most of the materials relating to internal security and protection of the president and first family are closed. Although Butterfield oversaw the installation and operation of the White House tapes, he did not document these activities.

Fiche #2.2.BUZH J. Fred Buzhardt 1969 Appointed special assistant to the assistant secretary of defense for administration. June 30,1969- Special assistant to the chairman of the Blue Ribbon Defense Panel. June 30,1970 1970 General counsel for Department of Defense. May 10,1973 Appointed White House counsel for Watergate matters. August 6,1974 Resigned from White House and returned to private practice in Beaufort, South Carolina.

Although these materials cover the period September 1970 to February 1974, three of the boxes consist primarily of carbons of outgoing letters and memos from John W. Dean III, and Fred Fielding, counsel and deputy counsel to the president. It appears these materials were in the office files when J. Fred Buzhardt was appointed White House counsel on May 10, 1973. John W. Dean III was fired on April 30, 1973. Fred Fielding, the deputy counsel to the president, remained on the staff. Approximately one and one-half boxes contain memos or letters signed by J. Fred Buzhardt. The first three boxes of materials consist of a chronological file of incoming letters and memos, some originals, and outgoing carbons. The materials concern a variety of topics, such as consideration of endorsements and advertise- ments; use of the president's name and the presidential seal; requests for support of appointments to the White House legal office, the D.C. bar and the Supreme Court; requests for presidential pardons and amnesty; legal briefs involving White House staff members and the president; advice on possible conflicts of interest; comments on bills pending before Congress, such as the eighteen-year-old vote; and appearances of staff and administration figures before congressional committees concerned with issues such as ITT and the milk producers. The last two boxes contain materials brought to the Special Files from Buzhardt's office on August 13,1974, because they contained top secret materials. One box consists of proposals and plans for the future Nixon Library at Camp Pendleton, California. The other box contains clippings on Democratic candidates, major contributors and a large folder of materials concerning the advertisement in the New York 77mescallingforthe impeachment of the President in 1972.

84 Fiche #2.2.CHAP Dwight L. Chapín, Deputy Assistant to the President

1962 Field worker with Richard Nixon's gubernatorial campaign. 1963 B.A., University of Southern California. 1963 Advertising assistant, J. Walter Thompson Co., Los Angeles, California. 1967-1968 Personal aide, Nixon presidential campaign. 1968-1971 Special assistant to the president in charge of appointments and travel. 1971-1973 Deputy assistant to the president, serving as appointments secretary. 1973 Director of market planning, United Air Lines. 1974 Convicted of perjury by the U.S. District Court.

Dwight L Chapin served as appointments secretary to President Richard M. Nixon from 1969 to 1973. The responsibilities of this position included scheduling the daily appointments of the president, maintaining the long-range planning calendar, supervising presidential advance men for both foreign and domestic travel, preparing the daily schedule for foreign trips, and acting as liaison between the White House and media consultants. The materials in this file group reflect all aspects of Chapin's job and are arranged in six series: Notes, Chronological Files, Memoranda, Subject Files, China Trip Files, and Telephone Logs. During the years 1969 through 1973, H.R. Haldeman, President Nixon's chief of staff, conducted daily early morning staff meetings, which Chapin regularly attended. The handwritten notes that he took at these meetings comprise the Notes series. These notes pertain to the full range of topics discussed at the meetings. Major topics include Vietnam, Honor America Day, and reactions to protesters, as well as scheduling considerations. In addition, there are occasional references to Donald Segretti, Herbert Kalmbach, and to the Watergate scandals. Many of the subjects covered in the Notes series are developed more fully in memoranda and letters in the Chronological Files. The Chronological Files parallels the Notes series and is composed primarily of memoranda from Chapin to other White House staff members. Principal recipients include H.R. Haldeman, John D. Ehriichman, John W. Dean III, Ronald H. Walker, Ronald L Ziegler, and Lawrence M. Higby. Afthough the memoranda deal primarily with scheduling problems, they also pertain to such subjects as political strategy, use of television and the press in political campaigning, public opinion polls, details of advance trips, and White House staffing patterns and procedures. The Memoranda series includes memoranda originated by H.R. Haldeman and sent to Chapin during the period 1969-1971. These memoranda primarily include scheduling problems. Many contain annotations indicating decisions reached or suggestions for further study. The Subject Files, like the Chronological Files, reflect the major areas of Chapin's responsibilities. Within the series are file folders pertaining to members of Chapin's staff and topics of recurring interest, such as advance man resumes and schedule planning. The material includes background information compiled to help Chapin prepare outgoing memoranda, or related to incoming memoranda. There is extensive material relating to the 1972 Republican National Convention and public opinion polls. During 1971 and 1972, in addition to his scheduling duties, Chapin served as chief advance man for President Nixon's trip to the People's Republic of China. The materials found in the China Trip Files detail the arrangements for this trip. Included are memoranda on the gifts presented to Chinese officials by the President, the establishment of a ground satellite communications system between China and the United States, itineraries for President and Mrs. Nixon, descriptions of cultural events and historical sites that the official party visited, arrangements of support personnel and the press corps, and plans for the reciprocal banquet hosted by President Nixon. The Telephone Logs provide a record of all calls to or from Chapin's office that were made through the White House switchboard. Occasionally there is a typed or handwritten note in the log indicating the subject or purpose of a particular telephone call. Chapin's telephone logs for the period October 1971 through October 1972 are located among the files of John W. Dean III. Two photographs of gifts that President Nixon presented to Chinese officials on his state visit to China and a composite photograph of fifty-five presidential advance men have been removed to the audiovisual collection and replaced with electrostatic copies. Three copies of blueprints for Duplex Villa at the Key Biscayne Hotel in Florida have been transferred to an oversize container at the end of the file group.

85 Fiche #2.2.COLS Charles W. Colson, Special Files Materials

1968 Served as counsel to Nixon's Key Issues Committee. November 6,1969 Appointed special counsel to the president. March 10,1973 Resigned from the White House to return to the private practice of law. March 1,1974 Indicted for conspiring to cover up the Watergate burglary. June 21,1974 Sentenced to one to three years and fined $5,000.

Charles Wendell Colson was assigned the task of inviting influential, private special interest groups into the White House policy-making process and winning their support on specific issues. His office served as the president's political- communications liaison with organized labor, veterans, farmers, conservationists, industrial organizations, citizen groups, and almost any organized lobbying group whose objectives were compatible with the administration's. Colson's staff broadened the White House lines of communication with organized constituencies by arranging presidential meetings and sending White House news releases of interest to these groups. In addition to his liaison and political duties Colson's responsibilities included performing special assignments for the president, such as drafting legal briefs on particular issues; reviewing presidential appointments; and contributing to White House guest lists. His work also included major lobbying efforts on such issues as construction of an antiballistic missile system, support of the president's Vietnamization program, and revenue-sharing proposals. The Special Files Unit maintained and arranged in six series, the materials dated 1969 through 1973, of Charles W. Colson's office. The Memoranda Files series contains materials indicative of all of Colson's White House activities. Under the direction of H.R. Haldeman, Colson supervised the activities of a staff that included Henry C. Cashen, George T. Bell, John A. Scali, Richard A. Moore. Desmond J. Barker, Jr., W. Richard Howard, Patrick E. O'Donnell, William F. Rhatican, Steven S. Karalekas, Roger E. Johnson, E. Howard Hunt, and Douglas L. Hallett. This series consists of memoranda written by Colson to other White House staff members, as well as memoranda for the president. The materials, written by Colson, consist mostly of tissue carbon copies of memoranda sent to H.R. Haldeman, Daniel Kingsley, Alexander P. Butterfield, Neil Kvasnak, Rose Mary Woods, and Bruce A. Kehrli. They recommend which individuals the president should appoint to presidential commissions, give a birthday call to, and include on guest lists for dinner and after-dinner activities. There are additional memoranda, prepared for the president, requesting the president's participation in certain events and listing staff recommendations forthe president's handling of such events. A third type, interstaff memoranda, is included in this series. It consists primarily of recommendations concerning those individuals and groups that the president should meet. The Meetings File series contains Colson's handwritten notestaken during his meetings and telephone conversations with the president, and memoranda from staff members with attached press releases and newsclippings of meetings the president had with various outside groups. Memoranda, written between staff members, coordinate the scheduling of meetings, the dates and times of events, background information, and details concerning presidential participation. The meetings were held either in the president's oval office or in the cabinet room. Colson arranged for delegations such as the National Association of Manufacturers, the National Association of Home Builders, and the Citizens Committee for Peace with Freedom to meet with the president. The White House Photo Office collection contains photographs of many of the partidpants in the meetings mentioned in this series. The Subject Files series for the most part covers domestic topics ranging alphabetically from American Broadcasting Companies to zero population growth. Since files were selected and sent to the White House Central Files at different times, the alphabetical order of the series had to be reconstructed. The Chronological Files series, like the Subject Files series, reflects Colson's major areas of responsibility. These tissue carbons of correspondence that Colson sent to staff members from November 1969 through December 1972 parallel memoranda in the Subject Files series. The Projects Files series contains correspondence, notes, memoranda, reports, and annotated lists relating to special projects in Colson's bailiwick. The Anti-McGovern-HatfiekJ project's objective was to discredit the supporters of the McGovern-Hatf ¡eld amendment to end the war, defeat the amendment, and gain public support for the president's plan to end the war. The chronological arrangement of the Open Hour Project memoranda demonstrates how often Colson arranged for the president to have contact with influential, private, special interest groups. Appendices in this series include lists of participants.

86 The Presidential Telephone Call Project series includes correspondence, notes, memoranda, reports, and annotated lists relating to suggested telephone calls from the president to VIPs and administration friends. Calls were recommended for reasons such as birthdays and holidays. The Printed Materials series includes published materials used for reference purposes by Colson. Fiche #2.2.DEAN John W. Dean III

1969-1970 Associate deputy attorney general, Office of Criminal Justice, Department of Justice. July 9,1970- Counsel to the president. April 30, 1973 June 25-29,1973 Testified in hearings before the Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, United States Senate. October 19,1973 Pleaded guilty to a charge of conspiracy to obstruct justice; sentenced by Judge John Sirica on August 2,1974, to serve one to four years (U.S. v. John W. Dean USDC 886-73). September 3,1974- Served a prison term at Fort Holabird, Maryland. January 8,1975 October 16-25,1974 Testified in the Watergate cover-up trial, United States v. John N. Mitchell, et al.

The materials of John W. Dean III document his duties as legal adviser for political and legislative issues in the Nixon administration. As Dean stated in his autobiographical book of his White House years, it was Egil "Bud'Krogh, Jr., assistant to John D. Ehrlichman, who recommended him for a position on the White House staff. Although Dean initially declined the job, he did eventually accept the offer, and on July 9,1970, became counsel to the president. Dean and his small office staff began to provide counsel on a wide range of topics, from the technicalities of divorce laws to immigration laws to possible conflicts of interest to the propriety of litigation against certain anti-administration critics to the proper use of the presidential seal and White House stationary. Eventually his responsibilities included keeping the White House informed about domestic disorders and antiwar demonstrations, investigating presidential appointees, handling all matters relating to presidential clemency, and performing intelligence work for the White House. By 1972, Dean was being regularly chosen to deal with assignments that were regarded as important and sensitive, and was used as a White House "firefighter." Furthermore, it was Dean who briefed administration witnesses prior to their testimony before congressional committees. The Watergate affair, however, marked a turning point in Dean's White House career and his relationship within the Nixon administration. Although Dean seemed the ideal choice to try and contain the political fallout from Watergate, he failed and ultimately tost the trust and confidence of the president. On April 30,1973, Nixon announced to the media that he had accepted the resignation of Dean as White House counsel, along with those of Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and Kleindienst. The Dean file group comprises material that Dean periodically retired to the White House Central Files between 1971 and 1973, as well as those that remained in his office at the time FBI agents sealed it, shortly following the White House announcement of his resignation. Several groups of materials were integrated into identifiable file segments and appropriate series. One such body of material, bearing the suffix "W" with a serial number filing code on the file folder, presumably reflects areas of responsibility assigned to David G. Wilson, who joined Dean's staff in February 1971 as his assistant. Frequent correspondents in the Dean file group include H.R. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman, Charles W. Colson, Henry A. Kissinger, Peter M. Flanigan, Egil Krogh, Jr., Bruce A. Kehrli, Frederic V. Malek, Clark MacGregor, and Richard Kleindienst. However, because of the nature of the work done by the White House counsel's office, Dean and his staff had some contact with almost every staff member or office within the White House complex. As a consequence of Dean's investigative and intelligence-gathering efforts at the behest of the White House, his office had frequent contact with various individuals within the intelligence community and law enforcement agencies. The first series in the file group, Correspondence File, combines several of Dean's chronological and general correspondence files together with two smaller chronological files attributed to Peter Kinsey and summer intern Peter Baugher. Dean's files include the routine correspondence of the counsel's office as well as his departmental

87 correspondence as associate deputy attorney general. Both Kinsey's and Baugher's files are only for the year 1972. Among topics covered in the series are requests for presidential pardons, the court-martial of Lieutenant William Galley, conflict-of-interest laws, applicability of the Hatch Act, campaign filing requirements, protest demonstrations, and advice to the president on honorary memberships and estate planning. The largest and most varied series in the Dean file group is the Subject File. It includes materials relating to proposed environmental, economic, and social legislation, international law and treaties, presidential commissions, national security, domestic intelligence, conflict-of-interest laws, and the coordinatton of the president's multiple roles as chief executive, head of the Republican Party, candidate, and private citizen. A substantial portion of the series pertains to the court-martial of Lieutenant Galley; the nominations of William Casey to the Securities and Exchange Commission, Richard Kleindienst to the office of attorney general, and Virginia Congressman Richard H. Poff to the Supreme Court; foreign activities and political contributions of International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT); and responses of the president to Watergate-related allegations. Excessive concern (by the White House) about antiwar demonstrations and about various domestic radicals or groups is the general tenor of the Subject File: Demonstrations and Domestic Intelligence series. Because of the sensitive nature of the subject matter in the series, there is a high percentage of national security and agency-restricted information and all such documents have been removed from the file folders. Another series in the Dean file group containing a high percentage of withdrawn material is the Name File, Conflict of Interest. This series documents the efforts of the counsel's office to identify and avoid potential conflict-of-interest problems that could arise from the private interests and associations of prospective presidential appointees or White House staff members. An above-normal interest by Dean's office in the proceedings of two Senate confirmation hearings is reflected in the series entitled Congressional Hearings on the Nomination of Richard G. Kleindienst and L Patrick Gray III. The material consists primarily of typed transcripts that were prepared by the Washington, D.C. firm of Ward & Paul, Inc., shorthand reporters for congressional committees. Of the two sets of hearings, the Kleindienst transcripts comprise the greater amount of material in the series. The 1970 Campaign File series consists of electrostatic copies of materials maintained by former Nixon political aide and fund-raising specialist, Jack A. Gleason. Because of his experience as a member of the 1968 Nixon fund-raising team and his close association with Maurice H. Stans, who ran the highly successful fund-raising drive for Nixon and the Republican Party in 1968, Gleason was detached from White House political adviser Harry S. Dent's staff to handle a secret multi-million dollar slush fund to funnel money to select Republican candidates in the 1970 congressional and gubernatorial elections. This White House-approved operation, dubbed "Townhouse Project" because Gleason worked out of a backroom office in the basement of a northwest Washington, D.C. townhouse, became an object of Watergate special prosecutors' investigations into illegal political campaign practices. According to Dean in his book, Blind Ambition, Colson turned Gleason's records over to him with the aim of protecting them from disctosure under claims of executive privilege and attorney-client privilege. All hems in this series document the activities of the "Town- house Operation" and Gleason's role in it. With President Nixon's announced intention to seek a second term, the White House counsel's office acquired another task, to ensure that the president complied with all federal and state election law requirements and to provide legal counsel on whatever issue that might arise from or during the campaign. The 1972 Campaign File in the Dean file group reflects this activity. Responsibility for maintaining these files fell to David G. Wilson, assistant to Dean, who adopted a simple numeric filing scheme for this series. Material in the series is very diverse, ranging from official publications and opinion papers to legal documents, newspaper clippings, and photographs. A large portion of the 1972 Campaign File (the first forty file folders) has been withdrawn for return because the material relates to private political association. Much of the withdrawn material consists of copies of state election laws, election campaign forms, statements, reports, or letters from varbus state election officials acknowledging receipt of filing reports or contributions and expendrtures that presidential candidate Nixon was required to submit according to the 1971 Federal Election Campaign Act or by appropriate state election laws. Since campaign financing and spending were major public issues in 1972, much of the material not withdrawn among the 1972 Campaign File series relates to legal interpretations of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, which became effective on April 7,1972, or to opinion papers with regard to proposed legislation. Another area of interest as reflected by the content of the items in the series includes several litigation cases involving PACs (Political Action Committees), disctosure of political contributors, and the allocation of delegates rule to the Republican National Convention. Electoral college reform, tax status of political contributions, public disclosures of violations of specific federal laws, and regulations issued by certain agencies pertaining to the extension of credit to political parties by regulated businesses were other topics covered in this series.

88 More than 250 photographs have been transferred to the audiovisual collection and replaced with electrostatic copies. A majority of the photographs pertain to the 1971 demonstrations or to ITT lobbyist Dita Beard. There is also a large quantity of photographs, taken by official White House photographers, featuring both high-level Nixon administratton officials and less well-known White House support personnel. Fiche #2.2.DENT Harry S. Dent, Special Counsel to the President

1969 Deputy counsel to the president. 1969-1972 Special counsel to the president.

The materials of Harry S. Dent cover the years 1969 through 1970. During his tenure as deputy counsel to the president, Dent worked under John D. Ehrlichman until May 1969. He provided legal opinions for Ehrlichman on airline cases that the Civil Aeronautics Board sent over to the White House for presidential determinations. In May 1969, Dent's responsibilities expanded as he acquired his own staff. He served as a liaison between the president and party políticos, especially those in the South. Dent became a significant link between the White House andtheGOP executive committee. In addition to his liaison functions, he handled patronage, requests for special favors, and inquiries from federal departments, governors, and other public officials. Dent's files also concern busing, import problems in the textile industry, and appointments to local post offices. These materials are arranged into four series: Memoranda and Departmental Referrals, Subject Files, Planning Groups, and "thank you" and congratulatory letters. The Memoranda and Departmental Referrals series includes requests for special favors. Many of these requests are from Southerners asking for autographed pictures of the president. There are various letters concerning patronage and appointments. Employment applications and resumes are frequently attached to correspondence. Statements on proposed political strategies for promoting Republican candidates reveal the administration's involvement with state and congressional elections. This series also contains materials regarding staffing problems in local post offices. The Subject Files series includes materials on appointments, busing, and poll ratings. Most materials on appointments relate to the employment of byal Republicans and the ousting of high-ranking Democrats. Correspondence on the Clement Hay nsworth nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court reveals Dent's efforts to solicit support for Haynsworth's appointment. Copies of news articles and telegrams in the files reveal Haynsworth's supporters and opponents. Due to the busing issue, much correspondence in the files concerns school desegregation and events in local school districts. This series also contains statistical surveys from pollsters and news articles on Nixon's poll ratings. Copies of correspondence relating to weekly planning meetings constitute the Planning Group series. The purpose of the planning groups was to clarify the administration's weekly objectives and to coordinate weekly assignments for White House staff members. Weekly calendars of key events and agendas for meetings were used by the planning groups to identify major topics for discussion. Copies of statements of tentative plans and fact sheets indicate strategies for implementing presidential activities. Included in this series is a copy of the "game plan" for the president's national address on the war in Vietnam given November 3,1969, in Washington, D.C. The Staff Members and Office Files of the White House Central Files contain an additional fifty-four linearfeet of Dent material. A tape recording and a transcript of an exit interview with Dent conducted by the Office of Presidential Papers and Archives on December 9.1972, are in the Oral History File of the Nixon Presidential Materials Project. A photograph has been removed from the collection and transferred to the audiovisual collection (PA78-2-2-13). The photograph has been replaced with a withdrawal sheet and an accompanying electrostatic copy. In addition, a small gold pin with the intials "SM" (silent majority) has been transferred to the museum collection (PA78-2-2-13).

89 Fiche #2.2.EHRL John D. Ehrlichman

1960 Advance man in Nixon's presidential campaign. 1962 Scheduler in Nixon's California gubernatorial campaign. June-November 1968 Tour director and director of convention activities for Nixon's presidential campaign. January 20- Counsel to the president. November 1969 November 1969- Assistant to the president for domestic affairs. May 1973 1970-1973 Member, Federal Property Review Board. 1971-1973 Member, President's Council on International Economic Policy. July 1973 Testified before the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. March 1974 Indicted for conspiracy and obstruction of justice in connection with the Watergate break-in and cover-up. July 12,1974 Found guilty of three counts of perjury and one of conspiracy in connection with the burglary of the office of Dr. Lewis J. Fielding, psychiatrist to Daniel Ellsberg. Sen- tenced on July 31,1974 to at least twenty months in prison. January 1,1975 Found guilty of conspiracy, obstruction of justice, and perjury in connection with the Watergate break-in and cover-up. Sentenced on February 21 to two and one-half to eight years in prison.

John D. Ehrlichman began his association with Richard M. Nixon as advance man with Nixon's 1960 presidential campaign. Ehrlichman continued his association with Nixon by working on Nixon's 1962 gubernatorial and 1968 presidential campaigns. Late in 1968, he came to Washington as a member of the Nixon transition team. His first position in the new administration was counsel to the president. Although this position implied concern with the president's personal and official legal problems, Ehrlichman soon became involved with policy development as well. In November 1969, he was named assistant to the president for domestic affairs, in which position he headed the work of the new Domestic Council. After December 1972, while keeping the same title, he assumed a more purely advisory role with the Council. As a result of allegations arising out of the Watergate break-in, Ehrlichman resigned from the White House staff on April 30,1973. The files are arranged in seven series. The first series is Appointment Calendars and Diaries. Four volumes of diaries have been removed from this series and returned to Ehrlichman because they have been determined to be his personal and private property. As a result of this archival determination, the only hems in this series are his appointment calendars. The second series, Notes of Meetings with the President, contains Ehrlichman's handwritten notes taken during his meetings both with the president and with other administration members and associates. The notes fall into three subseries: notes of meetings with the president, miscellaneous notes, and electrostatic copies of notes of meetings with the president. The copies are almost, but not quite, inclusive of all the original notes. The notes for the meeting of the president, Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and Kissinger at 4:45 p.m. on November 27, 1972, and a memorandum from the president to Ehrlichman, dated March 4,1973, both present in the original notes, are not among the copies. In three instances, original notes included in the miscellaneous notes subseries are part of the copies subseries. The copies are distinct also in that Ehrlichman's notations of times of meetings more often survive on them than on the originals•this is because of placement of punchholes on the originals. A table translating the symbols that Ehrlichman used in his notes is attached as Appendix A. Appendix B lists the notes of meetings chronologically, and includes, whenever possible, the date and time of each meeting, and its participants. Three subject files follow: Alphabetical Subject File, 1963 (1968H 973; Numerical Subject File, 1969-{1970) 1971 ; and Special Subject File, (1968)-1973. The reason for Ehrlichman's having created both alphabetical and numerical subject files is unknown. The alphabetical file is larger in volume than the numerical file. K was in use throughout Ehrlichman's tenure in the White House, whereas the numerical file ended in January 1971. Topics dealt with in the alphabetical file are more varied than those in the numerical file, as well as more personally and politically sensitive. On the other hand, the numerical file contains more material relating to domestic issues than does the alphabetical file. Several of the numerical files were transferred in January 1971 to other White House offices and staff members, and

90 at least three files (on the Black Panther Party, the Western White House, and Edward Kennedy) were transferred to the Alphabetical Subject File. The special Subject File was probably not an actual office file. It is composed of material that was in one manner or another separated from the working files in Ehrlichman's office. The last two series are the Chronological File and the Speech and Briefing File. The former tends toward routine correspondence and memoranda. The latter includes, in addition to Ehrlichman's speeches and press conferences, a good deal of background material on the subjects covered by the speeches and briefings. Eighty-eight dictabelts and one audio cassette have been withdrawn from the file group and transferred to the audiovisual collection. Ehrlichman's office prepared transcripts of most of the recorded conversations and these are located in the appropriate files. There are, however, both transcripts for which no sound recordings exist in the file group and sound recordings for which there are no transcripts. Appendix C contains a complete listing of the withdrawn sound recordings and includes for each recorded conversation the names of participants, date, and indication of the presence or absence of a transaipt. The appendix does not list transcripts for which there are no sound recordings. Most of the material that has been withdrawn from the file group for return to Ehrlichman falls into two categories: diaries, and material dating prior to January 20,1969. Most of the latter material was located in the Alphabetical Subject File. In'every instance where material in a folder has been returned, the folder title in the container list is followed by the designation "Withdrawn and Returned."

Fiche #2.2. FARR Michael J. Farrell, Special Assistant to the President, Office of White House Visitors 1969-1971 Staff assistant to the president, Office of White House Visitors. 1971-1974 Special assistant to the president, Office of White House Visitors.

The materials of Michael J. Farrell cover the years 1969 through 1974. During this period Farrell served first as staff assistant to the president in the Office of White House Visitors (1969-1971) and then as special assistant to the president in the same office (1971-1974). Materials of John S. Davies, Farrell's predecessor as special assistant, are included. The chief responsibility of the Office of White House Visitors was to arrange White House tours and visitor- related special events. Farrell's materials are divided into three series: Memoranda; Personnel Records; and the Tour Reservation File. The Memoranda series concerns various Visitors' Office functions directly related to the president, particularly the acceptance of gifts from the public. The First Family subseries consists of memoranda to the first lady, annotated with her replies. These relate to specific projects under her direction, such as candlelight tours of the White House, the annual Easter Egg Roll, and summer cruises on the yacht Sequoia. The Personnel Records series consists of resumes of applicants for positions on the White House staff and miscellaneous memoranda about members of the existing staff. The Tour Reservation File series reflects the system of ticket allotment for White House tours.

Fiche #2.2.FLAN Peter M. Flanigan, Assistant to the President

1959 Chairman, New Yorkers for Nixon. 1960 National director, Volunteers for Nixon-Lodge. 1 gee Deputy campaign manager, Nixon for president. January 20- Consultant to the president on administration staffing. April 15,1969 April 16,1969-1973 Assistant to the president. January 1972-1974 Assistant to the president for international economic affairs. February 1972-1974 Executive director. Council on International Economic Policy. Executive Office of the President.

91 Peter M. Ranigan's association with Richard M. Nixon began the year preceding the 1960 presidential campaign. In the months prior to the Republican Natbnal Convention, he organized a New Yorkers for Nixon group, and during the campaign he directed the nationwide Volunteers for Nixon-Lodge organizations. Following Nixon's unsuccessful bid for the presidency in 1960 and his subsequent move to New York City in 1963, Flanigan joined a coterie of Nixon supporters to devise a strategy for the former vice president's return to elective office. During the 1968 presidential campaign, Flanigan was Nixon's deputy campaign manager. Nixon's victory in 1968 provided Flanigan an opportunity to enhance his power and influence within the incoming Nixon administration. During the transition period and for several months after the inauguration he served as an unpaid consultant, advising on the recruitment of personnel for the new administration. By mid-April 1969, Flanigan formally joined the White House staff as assistant to the president. At a press conference to introduce him to the White House press corps, White House Press Secretary Ronald L Ziegler disclosed to the assembled reporters that Flanigan's duties would center primarily on economic, commercial, and financial areas. He also announced that Ranigan would assume those duties relating to regulatory agencies and other domestic matters that had been previously assigned to Robert Ellsworth, who had been named ambassador to NATO. As Flanigan's areas of responsibility gradually broadened to include international economic matters, he was appointed, in January 1972, as assistant to the president for international economic affairs. A month later, President Nixon named him executive director of the Council on International Economic Policy (CIEP). Flanigan resigned his White House post on June 24,1974, and left the administration in early July, returning to the New York investment firm of Dillon, Read & Co., Inc. The materials of Peter M. Flanigan in the White House Special Files date from the period 1969-1974. They fall into three series: Subject Rles, Ambassador Files, and Special Rles. The Subject Files comprise the bulk of the file group and document the entire range of Flanigan's responsibilities as assistant to the president. The Ambassador Rles relate to Flanigan's role in the selection process of individuals for non-career diplomatic posts. The Special Files are, for the most part, an appendage to the Ambassador Files and frequently include material duplicated in this latter file series. Some materials in this series also relate to economic subjects, such as economic problems in New Hampshire and the financial and regulatory difficulties of the airline industry. With regard to the New Hampshire situation, there is considerable correspondence between Flanigan and that state's First District Congressman Louis C. Wyman.

Fiche #2.2.GERG David R. Gergen, Staff Assistant to the President

1971 -1973 Staff assistant to the president. 1973-1974 Special assistant to the president. 1974-1976 Special council to the president.

The White House Special Rles material of David R. Gergen is dated 1969 through 1972. Gergen joined the White House staff in 1971. As staff assistant to the president until January 1973, Gergen reported directly to Ray Price, director of the Office of Research and Messages. In addition to administrative duties, Gergen gradually took on editorial responsibilities. The Status Reports series is divided into two subseries. The Presidential Acton Requests subseries contains memoranda that deal with a variety of requests from the president to his staff. The bulk of the material consists of reports prepared by the staff secretary on the status of these requests. In addition, there are separate lists of action items completed and substantive reports to the president that respond to specific requests. The second subseries, Arthur F. Burns's Directives, contains similar action requests. The majority of the memoranda in this subseries are to, or from, Dr. Burns in his capacity as counsellor to the president. The remaining series, Selected Materials from White House Central Files, contains items copied from several boxes of material from Gergen's White House Central Files. Although much of this material is not originated by Gergen, it relates to his responsibilities as assistant to the president. Several of these responsibilities are represented in this series by notes taken at meetings attended on behalf of Ray Price, memoranda relating to the organization of ideas and issues for President Nixon's re-election campaign, and memoranda and notes relating to the 1972 Republican platform and the president's posture during the 1972 campaign.

92 Fiche #2.2.HAIG

General Alexander M. Halg, Jr.

1969-1970 Senior military assistant to the president for national security affairs. 1970-1973 Deputy assistant to the president for national security affairs. January-June 1973 Vice chief of staff, U.S. Army. May 1973-August 1974 Assistant to the president, White House chief of staff. 1974-1979 Supreme allied commander, Europe (NATO).

The Alexander M. Haig, Jr., material reflects his varied responsibilities during the sixty-three months that he served m the Nixon administration. Haig's first associatten with the administration was in Janua71969, when he was detailed by the Army to the National Security Council (NSC) staff as senior military adviser for national security affairs Working closely wrth Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs Henry Kissinger. Haig soon became Kissinger's deputy. As Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, both Haig and Kissinger advised President Nixon on matters relating to national security during the first Nixon administration. General Haig remained on the Kissinger staff until early January 1973, when he left to become vice chief of staff of the Army at the Pentagon Haig's departure from the Nixon administration proved to be short-lived. Four months later, on May 4 1973 he returned to the White House as chief of staff at the request of the president to fill the vacuum created by H R Haldem'an's resignation on April 30. As White House chief of staff. General Haig directed the daily operations of the White House staff. He approved projects undertaken by individual members of the White House staff and acted as the final authority on personnel matters. The office staff, which assisted him in carrying out his responsibilities of coordination and administration included Major General John C. Bennett, deputy assistant to the president; Charles B. Wardell III, deputy special assistant to the president; Muriel Hartley, confidential assistant; and Lieutenant Colonel George A. Joulwan special assistant to the president. The Haig materials consist of three series: Interstaff Communications, Office Files, and Speech Files. The materials m the Speech Files refer to his tenure on the NSC Staff between 1969-1973. while most of the materials in the other two series relate to Haig's duties as White House chief of staff