Sarcodon in the Neotropics I. New Species From

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sarcodon in the Neotropics I. New Species From Mycologia, 107(3), 2015, pp. 591–606. DOI: 10.3852/14-185 # 2015 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Sarcodon in the Neotropics I: new species from Guyana, Puerto Rico and Belize Arthur C. Grupe II pakaraimensis, S. portoricensis, S. quercophilus and S. Anthony D. Baker umbilicatus and, along with morphological differ- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State ences, supported their recognition as distinct species. University, Arcata, California 95521 Macromorphological, micromorphological, habitat Jessie K. Uehling and DNA sequence data from the nuc rDNA internal University Program in Genetics & Genomics, Duke transcribed spacer region (ITS) are provided for each University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 of the new species. A key to Neotropical Sarcodon species and similar extralimital taxa is provided. Matthew E. Smith Key words: Bankeraceae, Caribbean, Central Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 America, ectomycorrhizal fungi, Guiana Shield, The- lephorales, tooth fungi Timothy J. Baroni Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York—College at Cortland, New York 13045 INTRODUCTION D. Jean Lodge Sarcodon Que´l. ex P. Karst. (Bankeraceae, Thelephor- Center for Forest Mycology Research, USDA-Forest ales) is an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) basidiomycete Service, Forest Products Laboratory, PO Box 1377, genus characterized by stipitate, pileate basidiomata Luquillo, Puerto Rico 00773 with determinate development, fleshy, non-zonate context, dentate hymenophore, variably tuberculate, Terry W. Henkel1 brown basidiospores, and the presence or absence of Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California 95521 clamp connections (Banker 1906, Maas Geesteranus 1971). Approximately 87 species of Sarcodon have been described worldwide, mostly from high latitude Abstract: Four species of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) forest environments (Coker and Beers 1951, Maas genus Sarcodon (Bankeraceae, Thelephorales, Basi- Geesteranus 1971, McNabb 1971, Harrison 1973, diomycota) are described as new to science. Sarcodon Baird 1986, Baird and Khan 1986, Harrison and pakaraimensis sp.nov.isdescribedfromforests Grund 1987, Agerer 1991, Stalpers 1993, Visser 1995, dominated by the ECM trees Pakaraimaea dipterocar- Shiryaev 2008, Mleczko et al. 2011, Baird et al. 2013, pacea (Dipterocarpaceae) and Dicymbe jenmanii (Fa- Vizzini et al. 2013). All known species of Sarcodon fruit baceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae) in the Pakaraima on the soil in spatial association with ECM plants and Mountains of Guyana. Sarcodon portoricensis sp. nov. is available evidence suggests that Thelephorales spe- described from lower montane wet forest within the cies, including those of Sarcodon, are ECM (Stalpers El Yunque National Forest of Puerto Rico. Sarcodon 1993, Tedersoo and Smith 2013). The ECM status of quercophilus sp. nov. and Sarcodon umbilicatus sp. nov. Sarcodon has been confirmed for Sarcodon imbricatus are described from Quercus (Fagaceae) cloud forests (L.) P. Karst. on Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in Germany within the Maya Mountains of Belize. The discovery of (Agerer 1991), Sarcodon scabrosus (Fr.) P. Karst. on these species is significant given that the majority of Pinus banksiana Lamb. (Visser 1995) in Canada, the approximately 87 described Sarcodon species are Sarcodon leucopus (Pers.) Maas Geest. & Nannf. with north temperate or boreal in distribution and other Pinaceae hosts in Poland (Mleczko et al. 2011), frequently associate with coniferous host plants; these and Sarcodon atroviridis (Morgan) Banker on Abies constitute the most recent records for Sarcodon from pindrow (Royle ex D. Don) Royle in Pakistan (Niazi the greater Neotropics. Each of the new species is 2008). While largely Holarctic in distribution, some morphologically consistent with accepted diagnostic Sarcodon species are known from the Paleotropics characters for Sarcodon: pileate-stipitate stature, (Maas Geesteranus 1964, 1967, 1971, 1974a, Watling a dentate hymenophore, determinate basidiomatal and Lee 1995), but records from the Neotropics are development, fleshy, non-zonate context and brown, scarce (Baker and Dale 1951, Snell and Dick 1958, tuberculate basidiospores. DNA (ITS) sequence anal- Maas Geesteranus 1974b, Singer et al. 1983). Here we ysis corroborated the generic placement of S. provide new reports for the genus in the Neotropics from the Guiana Shield, northern Caribbean, and Submitted 15 Jul 2014; accepted for publication 29 Dec 2014. Central America. Sarcodon pakaraimensis sp. nov. is 1 Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] described from Guyana, in forests dominated by the 591 592 MYCOLOGIA endemic ECM trees Pakaraimaea dipterocarpaceae a forced-air drying oven. Micromorphological features of Maguire & P.S. Ashton (Dipterocarpaceae) and dried specimens were examined with an Olympus BX51 Dicymbe jenmanii Sandw. (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpi- microscope with light and phase contrast optics. Fungal nioideae). Sarcodon portoricensis sp. nov. is described tissue was mounted in H2O, 3% potassium hydroxide from a lower montane wet forest of the El Yunque (KOH), or Melzer’s solution. At least 20 individual basidiospores, basidia and other structures were measured National Forest of Puerto Rico. Sarcodon quercophilus per collection; for basidiospores measurements were taken sp.nov.andSarcodon umbilicatus sp.nov.are from spore deposits when possible, with dimensional described from ECM Quercus-dominated (Fagaceae) measurements including ornamentation. Range and mean cloud forests of the Maya Mountains of Belize. quotients of basidiospore length divided by width (Q) were All of the new species are morphologically similar calculated. Outlying measurements observed in less than but distinguishable from each other, and similar to 5% of the measured population are indicated in parenthe- a group of previously described species defined by ses. Line drawings were made with tracing paper and their non-scaly pilei, overall somber basidioma colors, modified with Photoshop CS5 (Adobe, San Jose, Califor- and KOH-soluble bluish green pigments (Maas nia). Specimens were deposited in these herbaria (Holm- Geesteranus 1971), in particular Sarcodon atroviridis grenetal.1990):BRG,UniversityofGuyana;HSU, Humboldt State University; CORT, State University of New (Morgan) Banker from temperate North America, York at Cortland; NY, New York Botanical Garden; BRH, Europe, and East Asia, Sarcodon thwaitesii (Berk. & Forest Department Herbarium, Ministry of Natural Re- Br.) Maas G. from the Asian tropics, and Sarcodon sources, Local Government and the Environment of Belize; bambusinus (Baker & Dale) Maas G. from the UPRRP, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras. Neotropics (Berkeley and Broome 1873, Morgan 1895, Baker and Dale 1951, Maas Geesteranus 1964, DNA extraction, amplification, sequencing and phylogenetic 1974b, 1975). Variation in key morphological char- analyses.—DNA extraction, polymerase chain reactions acteristics corroborated by molecular phylogenetic (PCR), cloning and sequencing protocols followed Gardes analysis warrant the erection of the four new species, and Bruns (1993), with the following modifications. DNA and indicate their close relationship within the genus. was extracted from dried basidiomata by placing tissue Macromorphological, micromorphological, habitat, samples into 1.5 mL tubes with 0.1 mm glass beads and 400 and DNA sequence data from the nuc rDNA internal mL CTAB heated to 60 C. Tissues were ground with a plastic micropestle, incubated overnight at 57 C with 700 rpm transcribed spacer region (ITS) are provided for each shaking on an Eppendorf Thermomixer R (Eppendorf of the new species. A key to Neotropical Sarcodon International, http://www.eppendorf.com). This resulted species and similar extralimital taxa is provided. in dark samples, presumably from the copious pigments present in the basidiomata. The tubes were centrifuged at 8 MATERIALS AND METHODS 000 rpm to pelletize debris, and the supernatant was transferred to a new tube and brought to 500 mL with Collections.—Guyana collections were made during the CTAB. Eight hundred microliters chloroform was added Dec–Jan rainy season of 201022011 from the Upper and the tubes inverted for 1 min before centrifuging at full Mazaruni River Basin in the Pakaraima Mountains, in the speed 10 min. The supernatant was removed and extracted vicinity of a base camp at 5u26921.30N, 60u04943.10W; , 800 in 800 mL chloroform. DNA was precipitated with two m. This area is , 15 km west of Mount Ayanganna (2200 m) volumes of 100% isopropanol and 1/10 volume ammonium and characterized by a mixture of open savannas and closed acetate at 220 C overnight. DNA was pelleted by centrifu- canopy forests on white sand soils (Smith et al. 2013). gation at full speed for 10 min. The DNA pellet was washed Collections were made in forests co-dominated by the ECM in 70% ethanol and resuspended in 13 TE buffer. trees P. dipterocarpacea and D. jenmanii.PuertoRico PCR reactions were performed with 1 mL DNA diluted collections were made Jun–Jul 1998 in a lower montane 1:10, 0.4 mM primer and 12.5 mL EconoTaq Plus 23 wet forest along the Pico El Toro Trail in the El Yunque Mastermix as per manufacturer’s recommendations (Luci- National Forest (previously known as the Caribbean gen Corp., Middleton, Wisconsin). Cycling temperatures National Forest) in the general locality of 18u179N were: initial denaturation at 94 C for 10 min; cycle
Recommended publications
  • Conservation of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi: Exploring the Linkages Between Functional and Taxonomic Responses to Anthropogenic N Deposition
    fungal ecology 4 (2011) 174e183 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/funeco Conservation of ectomycorrhizal fungi: exploring the linkages between functional and taxonomic responses to anthropogenic N deposition E.A. LILLESKOVa,*, E.A. HOBBIEb, T.R. HORTONc aUSDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Houghton, MI 49931, USA bComplex Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03833, USA cState University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, 246 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA article info abstract Article history: Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition alters ectomycorrhizal fungal communities, but the Received 12 April 2010 effect on functional diversity is not clear. In this review we explore whether fungi that Revision received 9 August 2010 respond differently to N deposition also differ in functional traits, including organic N use, Accepted 22 September 2010 hydrophobicity and exploration type (extent and pattern of extraradical hyphae). Corti- Available online 14 January 2011 narius, Tricholoma, Piloderma, and Suillus had the strongest evidence of consistent negative Corresponding editor: Anne Pringle effects of N deposition. Cortinarius, Tricholoma and Piloderma display consistent protein use and produce medium-distance fringe exploration types with hydrophobic mycorrhizas and Keywords: rhizomorphs. Genera that produce long-distance exploration types (mostly Boletales) and Conservation biology contact short-distance exploration types (e.g., Russulaceae, Thelephoraceae, some athe- Ectomycorrhizal fungi lioid genera) vary in sensitivity to N deposition. Members of Bankeraceae have declined in Exploration types Europe but their enzymatic activity and belowground occurrence are largely unknown.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation
    Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation Establishment of the 95-foot wide construction corridor and TEWAs would likely remove individuals of H. caeruleus and modify microclimate conditions around individuals that are not removed. The removal of forests and host trees and disturbance to soil could negatively affect H. caeruleus in adjacent areas by removing its habitat, disturbing the roots of host trees, and affecting its mycorrhizal association with the trees, potentially affecting site persistence. Restored portions of the corridor and TEWAs would be dominated by early seral vegetation for approximately 30 years, which would result in long-term changes to habitat conditions. A 30-foot wide portion of the corridor would be maintained in low-growing vegetation for pipeline maintenance and would not provide habitat for the species during the life of the project. Hygrophorus caeruleus is not likely to persist at one of the sites in the project area because of the extent of impacts and the proximity of the recorded observation to the corridor. Hygrophorus caeruleus is likely to persist at the remaining three sites in the project area (MP 168.8 and MP 172.4 (north), and MP 172.5-172.7) because the majority of observations within the sites are more than 90 feet from the corridor, where direct effects are not anticipated and indirect effects are unlikely. The site at MP 168.8 is in a forested area on an east-facing slope, and a paved road occurs through the southeast part of the site. Four out of five observations are more than 90 feet southwest of the corridor and are not likely to be directly or indirectly affected by the PCGP Project based on the distance from the corridor, extent of forests surrounding the observations, and proximity to an existing open corridor (the road), indicating the species is likely resilient to edge- related effects at the site.
    [Show full text]
  • Blood Mushroom
    Bleeding-Tooth Fungus Hydnellum Peckii Genus: Hydnellum Family: Bankeraceae Also known as: Strawberries and Cream Fungus, Bleeding Hydnellum, Red-Juice Tooth, or Devil’s Tooth. If you occasionally enjoy an unusual or weird sight in nature, we have one for you. Bleeding-Tooth Fungus fits this description with its strange colors and textures. This fungus is not toxic, but it is considered inedible because of its extremely bitter taste. Hydnoid species of fungus produce their spores on spines or “teeth”; these are reproductive structures. This fungus “bleeds” bright red droplets down the spines, so that it looks a little like blood against the whitish fungus. This liquid actually has an anticoagulant property similar to the medicine heparin; it keeps human or animal blood from clotting. This fungus turns brown with age. Bloody-Tooth Fungus establishes a relationship with the roots of certain trees, so you will find it lower down on the tree’s trunk. The fungus exchanges the minerals and amino acids it has extracted from the soil with its enzymes, for oxygen and carbon within the host tree that allow the fungus to flourish. It’s a great partnership that benefits both, called symbiosis. The picture above was taken at Kings Corner at the pine trees on the west side of the property. It was taken in early to mid-autumn. This part of the woods is moist enough to grow some really beautiful mushrooms and fungi. Come and see—but don’t touch or destroy. Fungi should be respected for the role they play in the woods ecology.
    [Show full text]
  • G. Gulden & E.W. Hanssen Distribution and Ecology of Stipitate Hydnaceous Fungi in Norway, with Special Reference to The
    DOI: 10.2478/som-1992-0001 sommerfeltia 13 G. Gulden & E.W. Hanssen Distribution and ecology of stipitate hydnaceous fungi in Norway, with special reference to the question of decline 1992 sommerfeltia~ J is owned and edited by the Botanical Garden and Museum, University of Oslo. SOMMERFELTIA is named in honour of the eminent Norwegian botanist and clergyman S0ren Christian Sommerfelt (1794-1838). The generic name Sommerfeltia has been used in (1) the lichens by Florke 1827, now Solorina, (2) Fabaceae by Schumacher 1827, now Drepanocarpus, and (3) Asteraceae by Lessing 1832, nom. cons. SOMMERFELTIA is a series of monographs in plant taxonomy, phytogeo­ graphy, phytosociology, plant ecology, plant morphology, and evolutionary botany. Most papers are by Norwegian authors. Authors not on the staff of the Botanical Garden and Museum in Oslo pay a page charge of NOK 30.00. SOMMERFEL TIA appears at irregular intervals, normally one article per volume. Editor: Rune Halvorsen 0kland. Editorial Board: Scientific staff of the Botanical Garden and Museum. Address: SOMMERFELTIA, Botanical Garden and Museum, University of Oslo, Trondheimsveien 23B, N-0562 Oslo 5, Norway. Order: On a standing order (payment on receipt of each volume) SOMMER­ FELTIA is supplied at 30 % discount. Separate volumes are supplied at the prices indicated on back cover. sommerfeltia 13 G. Gulden & E.W. Hanssen Distribution and ecology of stipitate hydnaceous fungi in Norway, with special reference to the question of decline 1992 ISBN 82-7420-014-4 ISSN 0800-6865 Gulden, G. and Hanssen, E.W. 1992. Distribution and ecology of stipitate hydnaceous fungi in Norway, with special reference to the question of decline.
    [Show full text]
  • Mycomedicine: a Unique Class of Natural Products with Potent Anti-Tumour Bioactivities
    molecules Review Mycomedicine: A Unique Class of Natural Products with Potent Anti-tumour Bioactivities Rongchen Dai 1,†, Mengfan Liu 1,†, Wan Najbah Nik Nabil 1,2 , Zhichao Xi 1,* and Hongxi Xu 3,* 1 School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; [email protected] (R.D.); [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (W.N.N.N.) 2 Pharmaceutical Services Program, Ministry of Health, Selangor 46200, Malaysia 3 Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (Z.X.); [email protected] (H.X) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Mycomedicine is a unique class of natural medicine that has been widely used in Asian countries for thousands of years. Modern mycomedicine consists of fruiting bodies, spores, or other tissues of medicinal fungi, as well as bioactive components extracted from them, including polysaccha- rides and, triterpenoids, etc. Since the discovery of the famous fungal extract, penicillin, by Alexander Fleming in the late 19th century, researchers have realised the significant antibiotic and other medic- inal values of fungal extracts. As medicinal fungi and fungal metabolites can induce apoptosis or autophagy, enhance the immune response, and reduce metastatic potential, several types of mush- rooms, such as Ganoderma lucidum and Grifola frondosa, have been extensively investigated, and anti- cancer drugs have been developed from their extracts. Although some studies have highlighted the anti-cancer properties of a single, specific mushroom, only limited reviews have summarised diverse medicinal fungi as mycomedicine. In this review, we not only list the structures and functions of pharmaceutically active components isolated from mycomedicine, but also summarise the mecha- Citation: Dai, R.; Liu, M.; Nik Nabil, W.N.; Xi, Z.; Xu, H.
    [Show full text]
  • Species List for Arizona Mushroom Society White Mountains Foray August 11-13, 2016
    Species List for Arizona Mushroom Society White Mountains Foray August 11-13, 2016 **Agaricus sylvicola grp (woodland Agaricus, possibly A. chionodermus, slight yellowing, no bulb, almond odor) Agaricus semotus Albatrellus ovinus (orange brown frequently cracked cap, white pores) **Albatrellus sp. (smooth gray cap, tiny white pores) **Amanita muscaria supsp. flavivolvata (red cap with yellow warts) **Amanita muscaria var. guessowii aka Amanita chrysoblema (yellow cap with white warts) **Amanita “stannea” (tin cap grisette) **Amanita fulva grp.(tawny grisette, possibly A. “nishidae”) **Amanita gemmata grp. Amanita pantherina multisquamosa **Amanita rubescens grp. (all parts reddening) **Amanita section Amanita (ring and bulb, orange staining volval sac) Amanita section Caesare (prov. name Amanita cochiseana) Amanita section Lepidella (limbatulae) **Amanita section Vaginatae (golden grisette) Amanita umbrinolenta grp. (slender, ringed cap grisette) **Armillaria solidipes (honey mushroom) Artomyces pyxidatus (whitish coral on wood with crown tips) *Ascomycota (tiny, grayish/white granular cups on wood) **Auricularia Americana (wood ear) Auriscalpium vulgare Bisporella citrina (bright yellow cups on wood) Boletus barrowsii (white king bolete) Boletus edulis group Boletus rubriceps (red king bolete) Calyptella capula (white fairy lanterns on wood) **Cantharellus sp. (pink tinge to cap, possibly C. roseocanus) **Catathelesma imperiale Chalciporus piperatus Clavariadelphus ligula Clitocybe flavida aka Lepista flavida **Coltrichia sp. Coprinellus
    [Show full text]
  • 9B Taxonomy to Genus
    Fungus and Lichen Genera in the NEMF Database Taxonomic hierarchy: phyllum > class (-etes) > order (-ales) > family (-ceae) > genus. Total number of genera in the database: 526 Anamorphic fungi (see p. 4), which are disseminated by propagules not formed from cells where meiosis has occurred, are presently not grouped by class, order, etc. Most propagules can be referred to as "conidia," but some are derived from unspecialized vegetative mycelium. A significant number are correlated with fungal states that produce spores derived from cells where meiosis has, or is assumed to have, occurred. These are, where known, members of the ascomycetes or basidiomycetes. However, in many cases, they are still undescribed, unrecognized or poorly known. (Explanation paraphrased from "Dictionary of the Fungi, 9th Edition.") Principal authority for this taxonomy is the Dictionary of the Fungi and its online database, www.indexfungorum.org. For lichens, see Lecanoromycetes on p. 3. Basidiomycota Aegerita Poria Macrolepiota Grandinia Poronidulus Melanophyllum Agaricomycetes Hyphoderma Postia Amanitaceae Cantharellales Meripilaceae Pycnoporellus Amanita Cantharellaceae Abortiporus Skeletocutis Bolbitiaceae Cantharellus Antrodia Trichaptum Agrocybe Craterellus Grifola Tyromyces Bolbitius Clavulinaceae Meripilus Sistotremataceae Conocybe Clavulina Physisporinus Trechispora Hebeloma Hydnaceae Meruliaceae Sparassidaceae Panaeolina Hydnum Climacodon Sparassis Clavariaceae Polyporales Gloeoporus Steccherinaceae Clavaria Albatrellaceae Hyphodermopsis Antrodiella
    [Show full text]
  • A Multi-Taxon Approach to Conservation in Temperate Forests
    Forest Ecology and Management 378 (2016) 144–159 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Red-listed species and forest continuity – A multi-taxon approach to conservation in temperate forests Kiki Kjær Flensted a, Hans Henrik Bruun b, Rasmus Ejrnæs c, Anne Eskildsen c, Philip Francis Thomsen d, ⇑ Jacob Heilmann-Clausen a, a Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark b Dept. of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark c Biodiversity & Conservation, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Grenåvej 14, DK-8410 Rønde, Denmark d Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Ø ster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark article info abstract Article history: The conservation status of European temperate forests is overall unfavorable, and many associated spe- Received 29 February 2016 cies are listed in national or European red-lists. A better understanding of factors increasing survival Received in revised form 3 June 2016 probability of red-listed species is needed for a more efficient conservation effort. Here, we investigated Accepted 20 July 2016 the importance of current forest cover, historical forest cover and a number of soil and climate variables on the incidence and richness of red-listed forest species in Denmark. We considered eight major taxa separately (mammals, saproxylic beetles, butterflies, vascular plants and four groups of fungi), using Keywords: mainly citizen science data from several national mapping projects. Taxa were selected to represent Climate important forest habitats or properties (soil, dead wood, forest glades and landscape context) and differ Extinction debt Forest history in dispersal potential and trophic strategy.
    [Show full text]
  • 80130Dimou7-107Weblist Changed
    Posted June, 2008. Summary published in Mycotaxon 104: 39–42. 2008. Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: IV. Macrofungi from Abies cephalonica forests and other intermixed tree species (Oxya Mt., central Greece) 1 2 1 D.M. DIMOU *, G.I. ZERVAKIS & E. POLEMIS * [email protected] 1Agricultural University of Athens, Lab. of General & Agricultural Microbiology, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece 2 [email protected] National Agricultural Research Foundation, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Lakonikis 87, GR-24100 Kalamata, Greece Abstract — In the course of a nine-year inventory in Mt. Oxya (central Greece) fir forests, a total of 358 taxa of macromycetes, belonging in 149 genera, have been recorded. Ninety eight taxa constitute new records, and five of them are first reports for the respective genera (Athelopsis, Crustoderma, Lentaria, Protodontia, Urnula). One hundred and one records for habitat/host/substrate are new for Greece, while some of these associations are reported for the first time in literature. Key words — biodiversity, macromycetes, fir, Mediterranean region, mushrooms Introduction The mycobiota of Greece was until recently poorly investigated since very few mycologists were active in the fields of fungal biodiversity, taxonomy and systematic. Until the end of ’90s, less than 1.000 species of macromycetes occurring in Greece had been reported by Greek and foreign researchers. Practically no collaboration existed between the scientific community and the rather few amateurs, who were active in this domain, and thus useful information that could be accumulated remained unexploited. Until then, published data were fragmentary in spatial, temporal and ecological terms. The authors introduced a different concept in their methodology, which was based on a long-term investigation of selected ecosystems and monitoring-inventorying of macrofungi throughout the year and for a period of usually 5-8 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Rödlista Över Svampar Fungi
    MOSSOR BRYOPHYTA SVAMPAR FUNGI Rödlista över svampar Fungi Fridlysning och internationell status: Länsförekomster G Förtecknad i IUCN:s globala rödlista (2019 vers. 3) ● Bofast I Förtecknad i internationell konvention eller EU-direktiv o Tillfällig eller endast förvildad F Fridlyst/fredad året runt i hela Sverige ? Eventuellt bofast Kategorier och kriterier se sidorna 11 Utdöd i länet, tidigare bofast Landskapstyper se sidan 13 Län se karta sidan 14 Reproducerande arter Kriterier Kategori Skåne Blekinge Gotlands Öland Kalmar (fastl.) Kronobergs Jönköpings Hallands V:a Götalands Östergötlands Södermanlands Stockholms Uppsala Västmanlands Örebro Värmlands Dalarnas Gävleborgs Västernorrlands Jämtlands Västerbottens Norrbottens Landskapstyper M K I Hö Hf G F N O E D AB C U T S W X Y Z ACBD Sporsäcksvampar – Ascomycota Amphisphaeria umbrina DD JSU ● ● ● Arpinia fusispora huldreskål DD JS ● Ascocoryne turficola myrmurkling NT C V ● ● ● ● ● ● Biscogniauxia cinereolilacina linddyna VU D JSU ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Biscogniauxia marginata kantdyna NT D S ● ● ● ● ● Biscogniauxia nummularia skorpdyna DD S ● ● ● ● Bombardia bombarda långgömming NT D S ● Camarops lutea gulgrå sotdyna NT D S ● ● ● ● Camarops polysperma stor sotdyna NT C SV ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Camarops pugillus fingersotdyna DD S ? ● Camarops tubulina gransotdyna NT AC S ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ? Chaenocarpus setosus svamptagel RE JS Clavaria greletii VU C J ● ● ● Cryptosphaeria eunomia tusengömming NT A JS ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Cryptosporella hypodermia sprängnästing VU A JSU
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomy and Systematics of Thelephorales – Glimpses Into Its Hidden Hyperdiversity
    Taxonomy and Systematics of Thelephorales – Glimpses Into its Hidden Hyperdiversity Sten Svantesson 2020 UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG Faculty of Science Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Opponent Prof. Annemieke Verbeken Examiner Prof. Bengt Oxelman Supervisors Associate Prof. Ellen Larsson & Profs. Karl-Henrik Larsson, Urmas Kõljalg Associate Profs. Tom W. May, R. Henrik Nilsson © Sten Svantesson All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without written permission. Svantesson S (2020) Taxonomy and systematics of Thelephorales – glimpses into its hidden hyperdiversity. PhD thesis. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Många är långa och svåra att fånga Cover image: Pseudotomentella alobata, a newly described species in the Pseudotomentella tristis group. Många syns inte men finns ändå Många är gula och fula och gröna ISBN print: 978-91-8009-064-3 Och sköna och röda eller blå ISBN digital: 978-91-8009-065-0 Många är stora som hus eller så NMÄ NENMÄRK ANE RKE VA ET SV T Digital version available at: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/66642 S Men de flesta är små, mycket små, mycket små Trycksak Trycksak 3041 0234 – Olle Adolphson, från visan Okända djur Printed by Stema Specialtryck AB 3041 0234 © Sten Svantesson All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without written permission. Svantesson S (2020) Taxonomy and systematics of Thelephorales – glimpses into its hidden hyperdiversity. PhD thesis. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Många är långa och svåra att fånga Cover image: Pseudotomentella alobata, a newly described species in the Pseudotomentella tristis group.
    [Show full text]
  • Nutritional Composition of Some Wild Edible Mushrooms
    Türk Biyokimya Dergisi [Turkish Journal of Biochemistry–Turk J Biochem] 2009; 34 (1) ; 25–31. Research Article [Araştırma Makalesi] Yayın tarihi 26 Mart, 2009 © TurkJBiochem.com [Published online 26 March, 2009] Nutritional Composition of Some Wild Edible Mushrooms [Bazı Yabani Yenilenebilir Mantarların Besinsel İçeriği] 1Ahmet Colak, ABSTRACT 1Özlem Faiz Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the nutritional content of some 2Ertuğrul Sesli wild edible mushrooms from Turkey Trabzon-Maçka District. Methods: Eight different species of wild edible mushrooms (Craterellus cornuco- pioides (L.) P. Karst, Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm., Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) P. Karst., Lycoperdon perlatum Pers., Lactarius volemus (Fr.) Fr., Ramaria flava (Schaeff.) Quél. Cantharellus cibarius Fr., Hydnum repandum L.) were analyzed in terms of moisture, protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, ash zinc, manganese, iron and copper contents. The identification of the species was made according to anatomi- 1Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz Technical cal and morphological properties of mushrooms. University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey 2Department of Science Education, Karadeniz Results: The protein, crude fat and carbohydrate contents (limit values%:avarage) of Technical University, 61335 Trabzon, Turkey investigated mushroom samples were found to be 21.12-50.10:34.08, 1.40-10.58:6.34 and 34-70:55, respectively. The zinc, manganese, iron and copper contents of the mushrooms samples were found to be in the range of 47.00-370.00 mg/kg, 7.10- 143.00 mg/kg, 30.20-550.00 mg/kg and 15.20-330.00 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: It is shown that the investigated mushrooms were rich sources of pro- tein and carbohydrates and had low amounts of fat.
    [Show full text]