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JBSC 2019 Proceedings DEF.Pdf Delft University of Technology Architecture and Democracy 1965-1989 Urban Renewal, Populism and the Welfare State van den Heuvel, Dirk; Monteiro de Jesus, Soscha; Hwang, Sun Ah Publication date 2019 Document Version Final published version Citation (APA) van den Heuvel, D., Monteiro de Jesus, S., & Hwang, S. A. (Eds.) (2019). Architecture and Democracy 1965-1989: Urban Renewal, Populism and the Welfare State. TU Delft and Het Nieuwe Instituut. Important note To cite this publication, please use the final published version (if applicable). Please check the document version above. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policy Please contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. This work is downloaded from Delft University of Technology. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to a maximum of 10. Jaap Bakema Study Centre ARCHITECTURE AND DEMOCRACY 1965–1989: Urban Renewal, Populism and the Welfare State Sixth Annual Conference November 2019 Architecture and Democracy 1965–1989: Urban Renewal, Populism and the Welfare State Introduction 7 Ideologies and Politics 9 Ambiguities and contestations in and of the welfare state From Le Droit à la Ville to Rechte Räume. Legacies and legends of the Movement for the Reconstruction 11 of the European City Isabelle Doucet (Chalmers University of Technology), Janina Gosseye (ETH Zürich) and Anne Kockelkorn (ETH Zürich) Political Postmodernism. Architecture and democracy in Chile, 1975–1990 21 Lidia Klein (University of North Carolina) Seeking to Salvage Italian Democracy. Architectural inflections of political compromise at the Estate 31 romana, 1977–1985 Manuel López Segura (Harvard University) From Harlem to New Haven. The emergence of the advocacy planning movement in the 41 late 1960s Marianna Charitonidou (ETH Zürich) Community Actions 49 Protest, negotiations and lived experience From Vision to Reality. Emile Aillaud’s untenable arrangements at Cité de l’Abreuvoir 51 and Cité Aillaud Pari Riahi (University of Massachussetts Amherst) An Epic Silent Film. Alexandra Road and the shifting grounds of welfare state 59 housing in Britain Tom Davies (Oslo School of Architecture and Design) and Luis Diaz (University of Brighton) Sticky Architecture. Relating to Niagara Falls, New York 67 Monica Hutton (University of Toronto) Design by Direct Democracy. Citizens as architects of urban renewal in Amsterdam 73 Aimée Albers (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) New Forms of Citizenship 81 Emancipation, participation and representation Exploding School. Planning, participation and the Bulletin of Environmental Education 83 Tim Ivison (ArtCenter/SCI-Arc) Architects’ and Citizens’ Empowerment. Dutch architectural periodicals on ‘inspraak’ and ‘participatie’, 91 1959–1979 Elke Bruns and Dirk van de Vijver (Utrecht University) Kirsti Nordin and Association 9. Feminist architectural practice and the turning point of the welfare 99 state in Finland Hanna Tyvelä (Tampere University) ‘To Give Voice to What Has Heretofore Been Silent’. The ‘Third Zone’ and the crisis of representation in 105 Ivry-sur-Seine’s city center urban renewal, 1962–1986 Vanessa Grossman (ETH Zürich) Welfare State Conditions 115 From biopolitics and economy to housing regulations The Health of Democracy. Coop Himmelblau’s Entspannungsarchitektur and the expansion 117 of the Austrian welfare state, 1970–77 Victoria Bugge Øye (Princeton University) Notes on a Vanishing Act. Taxation, democracy, and architecture in U.S. housing between 127 1965 and 1989 Susanne Schindler (MIT, ETH Zürich) Council Housing in the Age of Property-Owning Democracy 135 and the Parker Morris Standards, 1960s–80s Savia Palate (University of Cambridge) The Hurray-mood of Wirtschaftswunder-culture. Constant, integration, and the Liga Nieuw Beelden 143 Bart-Jan Polman (Princeton University) City Planning and Urban Renewal 151 Between commercialisation and de-colonisation Brazilian Modernist Bus Terminal Stations. Desires for public architecture from Brasília 153 to re-democratization Diogo Mondini Pereira (University of São Paulo, FAPESP) 1977 Kars Plan. Planning for a conflicted city in Eastern Turkey 163 Neşe Gurallar (Gazi University) CastleCourt. 171 The shopping centre as an imposed symbol of civic normality Agustina Martire, Thomas McConaghie (Queen’s University Belfast) A Tale of Two Urban Futures. 181 Dutch city centres in the age of affluence, 1960–1980 Tim Verlaan (University of Amsterdam) Appendix 189 Original Call for Papers: Architecture and Democracy 1965–1989. Urban Renewal, Populism and the Welfare State 191 Keynote Lecture: Open Architecture as Radical Democracy. 193 Gentle urban renewal of Berlin-Kreuzberg Esra Akcan (Cornell University) Conference Schedule 195 P. de Ley. Urban renewal Bickerseiland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1972–1982. Collection Het Nieuwe Instituut, LEYP f20. 6 Dirk van den Heuvel (Head of the Jaap Bakema Study Centre) Architecture and Democracy. A Research Programme The Jaap Bakema Study Centre was established in 2013 as a collaboration between Het Nieuwe Instituut and TU Delft’s Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment. The goal was and is to instigate academic research in the fields of architecture and urban planning based on the rich holdings of the State Collection of Dutch Architecture and Urbanism, which is accommodated by Het Nieuwe Instituut. Not only between Delft and Rotterdam, but also together with third parties depending on the scope of each project. In 2019 and 2020 the Jaap Bakema Study Centre collaborates with the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum in Lisbon for the museological project ‘Art on Display 1949–69’, which revisits the special relationship between art and architecture and the involved conceptual exchanges between the two disciplines. Speaking in general terms, the research programme of the Jaap Bakema Study Centre is situated at the intersection of advanced historical- theoretical studies and urgent social issues. The results of the programme are made public through various formats, from spatial installations and exhibitions, to books, cahiers and online dossiers, archive explorations and public seminars. Each year, the Jaap Bakema Study Centre organizes an international conference on topics related to its research programme. The conference series is devised as a platform for exchange and discussion, open to junior and senior scholars from around the world, a nexus between the domains of academia and culture, between experts and the larger audience. Previous editions dealt with themes such as the open society, the relationship between research and exhibitions, architectural drawing in the digital age, the tools and knowledge of the architect, and the legacy of Aldo and Hannie van Eyck. This year’s edition, Architecture and Democracy, focuses on the years 1965 to 1989, in which welfare state arrangements were contested by counterculture movements and the rise of populism. While government institutions sought a proper response, urban renewal and city repair became a new field of work for architects and planners. The focus on Architecture and Democracy was chosen in connection with the start of the new PhD-programme of the same name. Starting in 2018, the research group Architecture, Culture and Modernity was established at TU Delft by my colleague Jorge Mejia Hernandez and myself. The new PhD-programme Architecture and Democracy is at the core of the group’s research work. It reframes much of our long-lasting interest in the post-war histories of architecture and planning, modern architecture and the welfare state. 7 For the purpose of the conference and the overall research programme the two terms of Architecture and Democracy are deliberately juxtaposed next to one another. Their interrelationships are manifold as they are complicated. The collection of twenty papers, the archive presentations and the keynote lecture by Esra Akcan, that make up the full programme of the conference make this crystal clear in a most eloquent way. Looking at the contributions brought to the conference, the question of the place of democracy in architecture and vice versa, is answered by investigations into social justice and how this plays out into space, especially urban space, by ways of contestation, appropriation, planning and design, from practices of direct democracy and participation to the critique of institutional policies. To refocus once again on the political and ideological dimensions of architecture, is in function of a reflection on and a speculation about the societal relevance of our work. And as such, it also aims to critically probe the autonomy of the architectural discipline, to redefine the values of our work, and to explore the possibilities of alternatives to current models of knowledge production. 8 Moderated by Jorge Mejía Hernández (TU Delft) Ideologies and Politics. Ambiguities and contestations in and of the welfare state 9 Book cover André Barey (ed.), Déclaration de Bruxelles, Brussels: Editions des Archives d’Architecture Moderne, 1980. ©AAM/CIVA Brussels. Used with permission. 10 Isabelle Doucet (Chalmers University of Technology), Janina Gosseye (ETH Zürich) and Anne Kockelkorn (ETH Zürich) From Le Droit
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