Chapter III Health Care Aspects & Selected Hospitals of Ahmednagar
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Chapter III Health care Aspects & Selected Hospitals of Ahmednagar District 3.1 Introduction This chapter presents a socio elaborates in detail about economic overview of the study area which is Ahmednagar district. It also highlights the brief profile of private hospitals selected for the study. The Indian healthcare sector, growing at a rate of 15% is expected to touch $250 billion by 2020. In the last two decades, India’s health system has undergone a major transformation from being a vague way, social sector supported by the Government to $60 billion industry (in FY 2011-12). With the ever-evolving policies, processes, and capabilities and the given magnitude and complexity impacting the sector, smart health care is not going to come easy. 2018 outlook reviews the current state of the health care sector; explores trends and issues impacting health care providers, governments, other payers, and patients; and suggests considerations for stakeholders as they seek to deliver high-quality, cost-efficient, and smart health care. According to Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India has predicted that with increased digital adoption, the Indian healthcare market, which is worth around US$ 100 billion, will likely grow at a CAGR of 23 per cent to US$ 280 billion by 2020. The healthcare market can increase three fold to US$ 372 billion by 2022. India is experiencing 22-25 per cent growth in medical tourism and the industry is expected to double its size from present US$ 3 billion to US$ 6 billion by 2018. Medical tourist arrivals in India increased more than 50 per cent to 200,000 in 2016 from 130,000 in 2015. The Healthcare Information Technology (IT) market is valued at US$ 1 billion currently and is expected to grow 1.5 times by 2020. Over 80 per cent of the antiretroviral drugs used globally to combat AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) are supplied by Indian pharmaceutical firms. There is a significant scope for enhancing healthcare services considering that healthcare spending as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is rising. Rural India, which accounts for over 70 per cent of the population, is set to emerge as a potential demand source. A total of 3,598 hospitals and 25,723 dispensaries across the country offer AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy) treatment, thus ensuring 84 availability of alternative medicine and treatment to the people. In 2017, the Government of India has provided grant-in-aid for setting up of AYUSH educational institutions in States and Union Territories. 3.2 Recent Aspect in Health care sector Internet of Thing in Healthcare Sector: In the coming years, it is anticipated that many healthcare providers will adopt IoT-based asset tracking and inventory management system in hospitals. This is expected to improve patient's safety, staff satisfaction and operational efficiency. The rise of IoT will also support providers and organizations in making operational decisions and will aggregate as well as integrate data thorough IoT-enabled platforms. It will provide a new foundation for gaining insights into hospital operational, asset management and human resources management, thus, enabling optimization of assets and reduce operational costs. With the rise of the Internet of (Medical) Things (IoMT), mobile and wearable devices can be used to identify the risk factors and provide preventative treatment to the patients. It can be used to predict healthcare trends and problems. The visualization of clear and concise clinical action that provides value to the patient, physician, and healthcare system will emerge as an effective solution. Patients can also share their experience about their care and the procedures at the hospital during the treatment, how the staff and hospital work, etc. They will engage themselves more with their care providers with the help of technology as it will enable them to measure, collect and share their experiences. The personalized patient data is important for clinicians to keep patients engaged to ensure continuity of care. Electronic Health Record: These electronic health records give information such as new medication and notify healthcare providers about any life-threatening or upcoming disease. With this, the providers can make changes in the treatment as per the disease to avoid any serious consequences for patients and provide better results in the treatment. It also helps to quickly access and looks into the problem areas and correct operational problems. 85 Wearable devices: The other technology that has come up is wearable medical devices that collect data anytime and anywhere. They are sensor based accessories that are designed to help people become active, eat well, sleep better, etc. These fitness or wearable devices are available in several forms like watches, footwear, chest straps and sensible glasses, area expected to grow within the coming years. It will manage patient's heart rate, blood pressure and blood sugar levels to name a few. It will also prevent and maintain their life as well as reduce trips to the doctor and save money. Healthcare industries need to adapt to these changes in order to deliver the best health outcomes. The healthcare industry in India is ahead of many industries and has tested the capabilities of technology to improve services, knowledge, communication, outcomes, quality and efficiency. Healthcare will Go Mobile : Mobile health app adoption rates are going through the roof, with more than double the app downloads as compared to previous years. Today, consumers and patients are not only using their smartphones and smart watches, amongst other interconnected devices, to monitor their health, but also to receive expert diagnosis from remote proximities in the comfort of their own homes. "Bedless hospitals" - however ridiculous they may sound - are actually a thing now, as patients get treated without ever stepping a foot inside the hospital, and this number is only going to increase as more than 60% of the people are already willing to try out the latest health and remote diagnosis apps. Consumer-focused Medical Plans will become a Norm Medical expenditure is on a rise. As the amount of money being spent to take care of one's health rises, consumers will start looking at options including trained professionals who could manage their health spending similar to their retirement plans. 2018 will see a spurt in healthcare providers bundling innovative healthcare finance offerings with other plans to retain patients, and offer plans akin to air miles and frequent flyer discounts. Such models will therefore cater to two important consumer needs - convenience and value. 86 Behavioral Healthcare will See Increased Acceptance Unfortunate but true, behavioral health is poised to become a major area of concern by 2018. One out of every 5 Americans experiences a form of mental illness every year. PTSD (Post- traumatic Stress Disorder) is on the rise amongst soldiers, and various other mental illnesses are gradually being defined as we hurtle towards a complex future. As behavioral healthcare starts costing the healthcare industry more than $440 billion annually, 2018 was supposed to be the year when doctors and physicians sat up to take notice, and address the many issues affecting patients - many of whom don't even know that they have a mental / behavioral illness. New Strategies to Deliver Low-cost Healthcare will be on the Rise The biggest dilemma in front of healthcare providers has always been how to deliver the best possible results while keeping the prices down. In 2018, mounting budget pressure on hospitals and clinics will see them reacting positively and coming up with innovative ways to deliver quality healthcare. Some of these methods would include - Affiliating with community hospitals Building bedless hospitals Building virtual care centers Partnering with retail clinics Strategically moving from volume to value The health care industry is participating in risk-bearing, coordinated care models and continues to move away from the traditional fee-for-service (FFS) system. Stakeholders are moving from volume to value through reform policies, programs promoting operational efficiency, technology use, population health management, wellness, and addressing the social determinants of health. A successful transition to value-based care requires that market players and consumers move beyond transaction-based treatment to the holistic health of populations; from treatment to prevention/wellness; and from individual to population health. 87 Health care providers can also look at deploying innovative care delivery models based on data and analytics. Responding to health policy and complex regulations Health care industry worldwide share complete health policy and regulatory goals ensuring quality care and patient safety, mitigating fraud and cyber threats. Digital health care technology solutions addressing better diagnostics and more personalized therapeutic tools are leading to the challenge of data protection. The trends in data management and security include cognitive computing, cloud-based, interoperable electronic health records, and Internet of Things (IoT). Cybersecurity and data risk management continue to be front and center, especially with patients taking a more active control of their health, and wanting access and reliability to their data. Holistic approaches to investments in people, processes, and technology will be key to regulatory compliance. A thorough assessment by health care