DOCSLIB.ORG

August 14, 2021

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

THE ARMENIAN MIRRORc SPECTATOR Since 1932 Volume LXXXXII, NO. 4, Issue 4696 AUGUST 14, 2021 $2.00 Opposition Leader Danny Bedrosian Elected Deputy Keeps the Funk Speaker Of Armenian Going, Boosts Parliament Habousi and the YEREVAN (RFE/RL) — After a day- long stalemate, the Armenian parliament Armenians voted on Friday, August 6, to appoint a By Aram Arkun leading member of the main opposition Mirror-Spectator Staff Hayastan bloc, Ishkhan Saghatelyan, as TALLAHASEE, Fla. — Arme- one of its three deputy speakers. nians can be found in nearly any Armenia’s constitution reserves the corner of the world and in nearly position for a representative of the 107- every profession, so per- seat parliament’s opposition minority. haps it shouldn’t be sur- Saghatelyan was nominated for it by prising that one of the Hayastan and backed by the Pativ Unem (I Have Honor) bloc, the other opposi- longstanding members of Danny Bedrosian performing on the keyboard (photo George Clinton’s Parlia- tion force represented in the recently Rodji Munoz). Left, George Clinton receives his copy of elected National Assembly. ment-Funkadelic collec- “Exaltation” tive, a group which is one The outspoken opposition leader on of the standard bearers ens of musicians, all led by George Clinton, also performing in Thursday twice failed to get at least 54 of funk music, is Arme- various spinoff groups. It created numerous top-ten and number votes needed for his election in secret nian-American Daniel one hits on American rhythm and blues music charts. ballots held during a heated parliament “Danny” Peter Bedro- Into the World of Music debate on his candidacy. The parlia- sian. Bedrosian simulta- The 40-year-old Bedrosian has performed as keyboardist with neously remains involved (DANNY BEDROSIAN PHOTO) P-Funk for 18 years and worked for Clinton for almost 22 years. in Armenian music and culture. Born in Lawrence, Mass., Bedrosian was classically trained in Parliament-Funkadelic, known as P-Funk for short, has its piano, as his parents ran a piano school, and studied from the roots going back to the 1950s and 1960s. It consists today pri- age of 3 until he was 18 or 19. He began training in jazz and marily of two bands, from which its name is composed, and doz- see P-FUNK, page 10 With Vaun at Helm, Project SAVE Continues Documenting History One Family at a Time By Taleen Postian new person at the helm, Arto Vaun. active site within the Armenian commu- Special to the Mirror-Spectator Project SAVE’s mission since its found- nity and communities beyond by creating ing in 1975 by Ruth Thomasian has been eye-opening photo exhibits, working with WATERTOWN — As Project SAVE Ar- to translate the box of family photos in the academic and artistic professionals, and menian Photographs Archives, Inc. is ap- attic into history. Now, with the advent of hosting workshops for every demographic Opposition leader Ishkhan th proaching its 50 anniversary, it will have a technology, it seeks to become an inter- to learn and connect with the past. Saghatelyan attends a session of A native of Bos- the National Assembly after being ton, Vaun spent the elected one of its three deputy last seven years living speakers. in Armenia, during ment’s pro-government speaker, Alen which time he was the Simonyan, spoke of a “parliamentary founding director of the crisis” after the second vote. American University of Opposition lawmakers accused the Armenia (AUA) Center for Creative Writ- parliamentary majority representing ing and Chair of the English and Commu- Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan’s Civil Armenian Boxer nications BA program. At AUA, he taught Contract party of torpedoing Saghately- courses in poetry, literature, Modernism, and Hovhannes Bachkov an’s appointment. creative writing and founded Locomotive, “If somebody from the ruling faction Wins Bronze at see SAVE, page 20 thinks that by constantly not electing me Tokyo Olympics they can force us to haggle or strike any deals I must say that this is not going to TOKYO (PanARMENIAN.Net) — Boxer Hovhannes Bachkov won bronze at happen,” Saghatelyan said on Thursday. Tokyo Olympics, raising Armenia’s medal count to four. The lightweight boxer lost Majority leaders blamed the opposi- his final bout to Keyshawn Davis of the tion blocs, which control 36 seats be- United States 5:0 on Friday, August 6. tween them, for the outcome of the first Bachkov reached the semifinals by de- two votes. feating Uzbekistan’s Elnur Abduraimov Saghatelyan was elected on a third at- 5-0 August 3. tempt by 64 votes to 37. He pointedly Gymnast Artur Davtyan won Arme- thanked Armenians who voted for Ha- nia’s first medal at the Olympics in Tokyo Oriental rug renovation business yastan, rather than pro-government par- on August 2. The next day, weightlifter advertising on the side of a car on a liamentarians, for his election. Simon Martirosyan and wrestler Artur cobblestone street. Philadelphia, 1912 “You gave us a mandate and we are Aleksanyan snatched a silver medal each. obliged to fully represent you in the Courtesy of Aram Krikor Jerrehian, Jr. Credit: Project SAVE Armenian Photograph Archives see PARLIAMENT, page 3 COMMENTARY CALIFORNIA ARMENIA What Was the The Language Doctor Relatives of POWs Cause behind the Is In: Shushan Spend Night Outside Charade in Armenia’s Karapetian’s Government Parliament? Language Therapy Building Page 17 Page 12 Page 3 2 SATURDAY, AUGUST 14, 2021 ARMENIAN MIRROR-SPECTATOR ARMENIA NEWS from ARMENIA Catholicos of Cilicia Aram I Holds Phone Conversation With Artsakh President STEPANAKERT (Public Radio of Armenia) — President of the Artsakh Republic Arayik Harutyu- nyan had a telephone conversation with His Holiness Aram I, Catholi- cos of the Great House of Cilicia on August 10. The president briefed Catholicos Aram on the situation in Artsakh, the ongoing reconstruction and construction works, the problems of the citizens displaced by war. At the same time, Harutyunyan thanked the religion leader for his constant support for Artsakh. The Catholicos, in turn, ex- pressed his support to the people of Artsakh, voicing confidence that together they will be able to over- The meeting of the CSTO delegation with the Armenian Defense Ministry representatives in Yerevan come the existing challenges and solve the problems facing Artsakh. Armenian Defense Minister Unexpectedly Armenia’s Defense Minister Travels to Moscow amid Stern in Yerevan Meeting with CSTO Head Border Unrest By Gevorg Gyulumyan dry manner, practically in the form of an acquiesce with activities which can result PanARMENIAN.Net - Arme- Special to the Mirror-Spectator ultimatum, which was unexpected for ev- in the violation of the state borders of Ar- nian Defense Minister Arshak eryone. Karapetyan declared: “We were menia. We will decisively defend our ter- Karapetyan left for Moscow on a YEREVAN – Secretary General of the awaiting your visit back in the month of ritories. We, of course, desire to solve this working trip on Tuesday, August Collective Security Treaty Organization May. That was a particularly tense period matter in a peaceful way, demonstrating 10, at the invitation of his Russian (CSTO) Stanislav Zas met with Defense of time for Armenia, but, unfortunately, our love of peace. At the same time, our pa- counterpart Sergei Shoigu. tience is not inexhaustible, and in the case The two are expected to meet of the absence of a peaceful solution to the in the Russian capital, and a num- situation created at our borders, we reserve ber of other working meetings are the right to solve the situation through the scheduled too. use of force.” On Monday, Karapetyan met Karapetyan’s comments cannot remain with Collective Security Treaty Or- without a response. The Russians know ganizaiton (CSTO) Secretary Gen- well that anti-Russian disposition increases eral Stanislav Zas in Yerevan and daily in Armenia. After the 2020 war, when told him that the patience of the Russia did not officially support the Arme- Armenian side is not inexhaustible, nian side, such sentiment began to spread. amid Azerbaijan’s incessant provo- It greatly increased after May 12, when cations and ceasefire violations on CSTO did not physically aid the Republic the border. United Nations Lists Arme- nia among Countries with No Women In Ministerial Positions YEREVAN (Panorama.am) — CSTO Secretary General Stanislav Zas seated in the middle of the CSTO delega- Armenia ranks 182nd out of 193 tion in Yerevan countries on the UN Women in Politics: 2021 map, which presents Minister Arshak Karapetyan of Armenia in your visit did not occur. Today, an endur- global rankings for women in exec- Yerevan on August 9. They discussed the ing serious situation has been created on utive and government positions as accomplishments of military cooperation our borders. Azerbaijani armed forces in of January 1, 2021. and further future possibilities, as well as May invaded Armenian territory in two di- Armenia is listed among the in particular the occupation of territory of rections. This immensely upsets us. We are countries with no women in min- the Republic of Armenia by Azerbaijan proponents of peace. We, in any circum- isterial positions along with Azer- starting on May 12. stance, do not wish tension on our borders. baijan, Thailand, Saudi Arabia, Ye- Karapetyan presented the situation in a At the same time, we are not prepared to men, etc. According to the map, Nicara- gua, Austria, Belgium, Sweden, Albania, Costa Rica, Finland, An- dorra, Canada and several other Armenian Defense Minister Arshak countries have 50-percent or higher Karapetyan percentage of women in ministerial positions. of Armenia, and moreover, treated the situ- Notably, there is only one wom- ation as a small local nuisance. In Armenia, an among the appointed ministers the CSTO’s position is understood to repre- in Armenia – Minister of Health sent the official viewpoint of Russia.
Recommended publications
  • Khachatur Abovian

    Khachatur Abovian

    KHACHATUR ABOVIAN ARMENIAN STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY KHACHATUR ABOVIAN ARMENIAN STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY KHACHATUR ABOVIAN ARMENIAN STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY Dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the foundation of the Pedagogical University “Mankavarzh” Publishing House Yerevan 2012 Concert of the Armenian State Chamber Orchestra at the diploma awarding ceremony at the Armenian Pedagogical University, graduation celebrations of 2011 À 283 Kh. Abovian Armenian State Pedagogical University. - Yerevan. Kh. Abovian ASPU, 2012, p. 108 Compiled by Aelita Dolukhanyan, Ara Yeremyan, Mher Karapetyan Editor of the original version (in Armenian) Artashes Martirosyan Translators and editors of the version in English Shushanik Yavuryan, Tigran Mikayelyan Artistic design and layout by Aram Urutyan The compilation comprises materials from the archives of the Museum of Kh. Abovian Armenian State Pedagogical University. ISBN 978-99941-69-31-3 © Kh. Abovian ASPU, 2012 CONTENTS President of the Republic of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan’s congratulation message on the 90th anniversary of the foundation of Khachatur Abovian Armenian State Pedagogical University . 6 Supreme Patriarch of the Armenian Apostolic Church, Catholicos H.H. Garegin II’s congratulation message on the 90th anniversary of the foundation of Khachatur Abovian Armenian State Pedagogical University . 9 Invention of the Armenian Alphabet. Foundation of Illustrious Schools and Monastic Universities in Armenia in Middle Ages . 13 Education from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century in the Eastern and Western Parts of Armenia . 25 Foundation of the Pedagogical University and the early activities developed (1922 1940) . 31 Participation of the Pedagogical University in the Great Patriotic War (1941 1945) . 47 Pedagogical University between the postwar period and the declaration of Independence (1945 1990) .
  • General Assembly Security Council Sixty-Ninth Session Seventieth Year Agenda Items 33 and 38

    General Assembly Security Council Sixty-Ninth Session Seventieth Year Agenda Items 33 and 38

    United Nations A/69/815–S/2015/170 General Assembly Distr.: General 10 March 2015 Security Council Original: English General Assembly Security Council Sixty-ninth session Seventieth year Agenda items 33 and 38 Protracted conflicts in the GUAM area and their implications for international peace, security and development The situation in the occupied territories of Azerbaijan Letter dated 9 March 2015 from the Permanent Representative of Azerbaijan to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General Upon instructions from my Government, I have the honour to draw your attention to ongoing violations of the ceasefire by the Republic of Armenia recorded for February 2015 (see annex). During this period, the armed forces of the Republic of Armenia continued intensive fire from their positions in the occupied territories of the Republic of Azerbaijan and from the territory of the Republic of Armenia on the positions of the armed forces of the Republic of Azerbaijan. As a result, two Azerbaijani servicemen were killed and one was wounded. The Republic of Armenia violated the ceasefire 1,426 times. Azerbaijan strongly condemns the continuous attempts by Armenia to escalate the situation on the front line and the deliberate targeting of the civilian population and civilian facilities. Azerbaijan will continue to take resolute measures against and respond adequately to Armenia’s ongoing aggression, violations of the ceasefire and other provocative acts. Peace and stability are contingent upon ending Armenia’s occupation of the territories of the Republic of Azerbaijan. As long as this occupation continues, human losses are inevitable on both sides, and the Republic of Armenia bears the full responsibility and should be held accountable.
  • NEWS INBRIEF US House Panel Tells

    NEWS INBRIEF US House Panel Tells

    JULY 30, 2011 MirTHE rARoMENr IAN -Spe ctator Volume LXXXII, NO. 3, Issue 4197 $ 2.00 NEWS IN BRIEF The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Wikileaks Releases Turkish Cable on Armenian Genocide BEIRUT (Tert.am) — Wikileaks has released a cable from the US Consulate in Istanbul dated July 12, 2004, containing Turkish and foreign historians comments on the Turkish govern - ment’s policy of denying the Armenian Genocide, the Lebanon-based Al Joumhouria newspaper Armenia Wins World Chess Team Championship in China reports. According to the cable, the admission of the Armenian Genocide by Turkey is a major obsta - By Hovannes Shoghikian cle to Armenian-Turkish reconciliation. Armenian and other researchers have reason - able doubts over the preservation of archives. NINGBO, China (RFE/RL) — Armenia Prof. Halil Berktay reported at least two won the 2011 World Chess Team attempts to clear the archives of the documents Championship in China on Tuesday, July on crimes against Armenians. 26, solidifying its internationally-recog - In 1991, several high-ranking Turkish military nized status as a chess powerhouse. officials reported an attempted stealing of a The championship, held in the Chinese number of documents from 1918. city of Ningbo, was contested by the Berktay believes that the second attempt was national teams of the world’s 10 leading made when Turgut Ozal, then president of chess nations, including Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, announced his intention to open the India and Azerbaijan. archives. The Armenian team led by Levon Some historians believe that the archive is Aronian, the world’s third-highest-ranked being constantly cleared of documents on the chess player, dominated throughout the Armenian Issue, the cable says.
  • Constructing Primordialism: Old Histories for New Nations

    Constructing Primordialism: Old Histories for New Nations

    Constructing Primordialism: Old Histories for New Nations Ronald Grigor Suny The University of Chicago “Oi, mister! Indo-Aryans… it looks like I am Western after all! Maybe I should listen to Tina Turner, wear the itsy-bitsy leather skirts. Pah. It just goes to show,”said Alsana, revealing her English tongue, "“you go back and back and back and it’s still easier to find the correct Hoover bag than to find one pure person, one pure faith, on the globe. Do you think anybody is English? Really English? It’s a fairy tale!”1 For Alsana, an immigrant from Bangladesh to the multicultural mosaic of London, there cannot be a real Bengali or Englishman in the hybrid, free-flowing, unpredictable world that she has experienced. She tries to tell her stubborn, traditionalist husband, Samad Iqbal, to live and let live, but he fears his family is losing its culture. To reverse the irreversible he makes a ferocious attempt to save his family, only to destroy it. What Alsana calls a fairy tale – the attainment or recovery of a fixed, pure, eternal identity -- is a powerful and durable reality for her husband – and like many other fairy tales it shapes the world in which we live. I met up with this kind of desperate loyalty to ethnicity and an unalterable sense of nation most dramatically in July 1997 at a conference at the American University of Armenia in Erevan. Returning to Armenia after a seven-year absence (a time in which Soviet Armenia became the independent Republic of Armenia), I entered a world I thought I knew but that had changed significantly.
  • Local Level Risk Management M a N U

    Local Level Risk Management M a N U

    LOCAL LEVEL RISK MANAGEMENT M A N U A L Y E R E V A N 2012 1 LLRM EXECUTIVE LOCAL LEVEL RISK IMPLEMENTATION BACKGROUND 2 3 SUMMARY MANAGEMENT (LLRM) / FORMAT EXPERIENCE IN ARMENIA VULNERABILITY AND GENERAL APPROACHES AND CAPACITY 1.1 INFORMATION 2.1 3.1 PRINCIPLES APPLIED ASSESSMENT (VCA) HAZARDS RESOURCES AND THREATENING 3.2 PRACTICAL CASES TOOLS ARMENIA PROCESS A PREPARATORY PHASE DATA COLLECTION B AND RESEARCH C ANALYSIS D TOOL KIT PLANNING DRR MAINSTREAMING INTO DEVELOPMENT PLANS / DESCRIPTION AND PLANNING TOOLS IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION DRR AND CLIMATE LLRM RISK MANAGEMENT DRR AND GENDER M A N U A L EQUITY 2 Authors: Ashot Sargsyan UNDP, DRR Adviser Armen Chilingaryan UNDP, DRR Project Coordinator Susanna Mnatsakanyan UNDP DRR Project VCA Expert Experts: Hamlet Matevosyan Rector of the Crisis Management State Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations Hasmik Saroyan Climate Risk Management Expert LLRM/VCA implementation Armen Arakelyan Specialist Head of “Lore” Rescue Team This manual is prepared and published with financial support from UNDP within the framework of the Project Strengthening of National Disaster Preparedness and Risk Reduction Capacities in Armenia. Empowered lives The views expressed in the publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the Resilient nations United Nations or UNDP. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This manual is a result of consolidation of collective efforts of many professionals and experts from different organizations and agencies – members of the UN extended Disaster Management Team, which worked during the years hand-to-hand to support and facilitate the strengthening of Disaster Management national system in Armenia.
  • Tall Armenian Tales: a Guide to the “Art” of Heritage Thievery KAMRAN IMANOV * Tall Armenian Tales: a Guide to the “Art” of Heritage Thievery

    Tall Armenian Tales: a Guide to the “Art” of Heritage Thievery KAMRAN IMANOV * Tall Armenian Tales: a Guide to the “Art” of Heritage Thievery

    KAMRAN IMANOV Tall Armenian Tales: a Guide to the “Art” of Heritage Thievery KAMRAN IMANOV * Tall Armenian Tales: a Guide to the “Art” of Heritage Thievery The book - “Tall Armenian Tales”, presented to the reader’s attention, consists of two thematic sections. Chapter I, entitled “I came, I saw, I... stole”, is about the misappropriation and armenization of intellectual property of the Azerbaijani people, intellectual plagiarism of the Azerbaijani folklore, dastans (epics) and other epic works, the desire to seize the Azerbaijani bayati (Azerbaijani folk poems), proverbs and sayings. The book also narrates about the “armenization” of tales, anecdotes, music and other samples of folk genre. What is the common of these various manifestations of Armenian plagiary shown in the chapter “I came, I saw, ..., I stole”? The fact is that, firstly, these “tales” do not have an Armenian origin, but only an Armenian presentation. These tales are alien to the Armenian people; in addition, these are the same “anecdotes” in allegorical meaning of this term in the form of absurdities - false statements shown in Chapter II - “The Theatre of Absurd.” PREFACE .............................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER I. “I came, I saw,.. .1 stole”: about the Armenian tradition of misappropriation of the Azerbaijani cultural heritage ............................................................... 8 §1. “I c a m e , w h i c h briefly tells about the mass settlement of the Armenians in the South Caucasus .............................. 9 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS §2. I s a w , w h i c h relates about what Armenians experienced in the South Caucasus .................................................................................... 14 §3. I stole”, which relates about the origins of the Armenian plagiarism .............................................................................................................
  • Transnational Armenian Terrorism and Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict of 1988-1994) End

    Transnational Armenian Terrorism and Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict of 1988-1994) End

    Karabakh Oleg KUZNETSOV, PhD in History, MCL (Moscow, Russia) First Terrorist War: A Look from Russia (Transnational Armenian Terrorism and Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict of 1988-1994) End. For the beginning, see İRS-Heritage 2 (21), 3 (22) 2015 n addition to numerous acts of terrorism and wide- spread terrorist crimes related to the organization by Iforeign nationals of illegal armed groups in the terri- tory of Armenia and their participation in the activities of such groups, representatives of the Armenian side to the conflict committed other crimes of a similar nature during the Karabakh war, facts that were recorded on the Azerbaijani side. First of all, we are talking about a Car in which journalist S. Asgarova, Lt-Col Larionov, Maj Ivanov and Sgt Goyek were shot dead by Armenian terrorists on 9 January 1991 58 www.irs-az.com 4(23), WINTER 2015 very specific terrorist crime like an armed insurgency, criminal liability for which is stipulated by Article 279 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The main qualifying feature of this criminal act is the motiva- tion and goal-setting of participation in the crime: those guilty of committing it take action to change the constitutional system or the territorial integrity of the country. Actions of this kind were committed by soldiers of Armenian origin under the commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 336th Motorized Rifle Regiment of the 23rd Motorized Infantry Division of the 4th Army of the CIS Joint Armed Forces under the command of Major Seyran Ohanyan, who not only seized fighting equipment - infantry fighting vehicles (BMP-2) - without a military order, but also used them against Azerbaijani territorial defense units in the battle of 25 February 1992 for the town of Khojali, which subsequently led to mass deaths of civilians in this town.
  • Hybrid Winds

    Hybrid Winds

    Hybrid Winds Linsey Pollak When I was about fifteen I had a dream that featured a wind instrument lives on the Sunshine Coast in whose sound I remembered clearly on Queensland and is a renowned waking. It reminded me of a somewhat community music facilitator, mellow crumhorn (Renaissance wind- composer and musical director who capped double reed pipe) or a sort of has built instruments for over 20 high-pitched baritone sax. That sound Figure 1: Gaidanet. years, specialising in aerophones eludes me now, for I have always been chasing that elusive, dreamt, wind- a semitone when it is opened. In fact it from Eastern Europe. He has a instrument sound. only works for the top half of the octave reputation for making and playing I started my instrument making in Macedonian gaidas, but for the full instruments made from rubber journey 25 years ago making bamboo range in Bulgarian gaidas which have a gloves, carrots, watering cans, flutes. That quickly led to a longer stint more conical bore. This enables a unique chairs, brooms, bins and other found of making wooden renaissance flutes, style of playing and ornamentation. objects. His ongoing obsession and an interest in other Renaissance and What I wanted to do was to have combines much of this: making medieval winds. But the real love affair access to the gaida style of playing and ornamentation while playing a lip-blown music more accessible to began 20 years ago with the Macedonian instrument like a clarinet. I experimented communities through instrument gaida (bagpipes), and so I travelled to Macedonia for eight months over three first with a clarinet mouthpiece and a building and playing workshops.
  • Шіфішж Ахрмі¶ЖМ SCHEME of the CITY

    Шіфішж Ахрмі¶ЖМ SCHEME of the CITY

    ®€ð¦ˆªü”–¦¯ ••«áëïáõ‡•• "ARMENFILM" Cinema-Unit 41 25a ÐÛáõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ³íïáϳ۳ñ³Ý §Ð²Úèà궲¼²ð¸¦ Northern Bus-Station "ARMROSGAZPROM" è³¹ÇáϳÛÙ Radiomast 31/a 37 43 39 33 35 31 ´ÆÈÆêÚ²Ü Ë×áõÕÇ . ack b h 1 t b 4 - / 6 6 / 3 6 / 2 G 2 1 151 151 A 1 a V 6 A 2 K 2 1 ºðºì²Ü YEREVAN 5 R / / A S 151 126 ºðºì²Ü YEREVAN 151 1 . / µ ñ 124 y Ý 151 ¹ 1 1 -ñ / 6 15 122 Æ 149 ¶ ² ì 1 9 27 ² / ø²Ô²øÆ àõð첶ÆÌ SCHEME of the CITY Î 14 ð 147 t ² 7 . ree ck ê 14 t a 1 s b TBILISIAN highwa / 8 t th e 145 11 5- e 5 r G t 14 A s ARKAVAG V S 6 A N ria 11 RK A ² 139/1 I Ð.´»Ïݳ½³ñÛ³ÝÇ ³Ýí. R Þ Zaka SA §ø³Ý³ù»é¦ î² §Ð²ÚüÆÈئ ÏÇÝáëïáõ¹Ç³ 139 ria "Kanaker" A ð H.Beknazarian "HAYFILM" ka H ² Cinema-Unit 137 135 133 Za C T Î . et Æ st re A st N 32 110 1 a Ë A th 2 1 y I - / y × 5 14-ñ¹ 1 á a IK 1 15 h õ L 131/ 13 108 c w a Õ E ÷ 14 Ç 1 r h M 7 áÕáó 9/3 3 . 2 1 H ºÔì²ð¸Æ 3-ñ¹ g 1 áó 12 2 óù 56 i M Õ / 1 á 3 9 Ý ÐÐ ä³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý h 2 ÷ ³ 15-ñ¹ 12 ݳ˳ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝ .
  • Report by Nils Muižnieks

    Report by Nils Muižnieks

    Strasbourg, 10 March 2015 CommDH(2015)2 Original version REPORT BY NILS MUIŽNIEKS COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE FOLLOWING HIS VISIT TO ARMENIA FROM 5 TO 9 OCTOBER 2014 FF Summary .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 1 The administration of justice and the protection of human rights in the justice system .......................... 7 1.1 Administration of justice ..........................................................................................................................7 1.1.1 Judicial reforms ..................................................................................................................................7 1.1.2 Independence, impartiality and effectiveness of the justice system .................................................8 1.1.2.1 Self-governance of the judiciary ................................................................................................8 1.1.2.2 Issues relating to the independence and impartiality of judges ...............................................9 1.1.2.3 Issues related to the effectiveness of the justice system ........................................................12 Conclusions and recommendations ..........................................................................................................12
  • The Genesis Discography

    The Genesis Discography

    TTHHEE GGEENNEESSIISS DDIISSCCOOGGRRAAPPHHYY “The scattered pages of a book by the sea…” 1967-1996 Page 2 The Genesis Discography The Genesis Discography January 1998 Edition Copyright © 1998 Scott McMahan, All Rights Reserved The Genesis Discography Page 3 THE EXODUS ENDS “And then there was the time she sang her song, and nobody cried for more…” “I think that in the end, if all else is conqured, Bombadil will fall, Last as he was First, and then Night will come.” … from the Council of Elrond, in Lord of the Rings Indeed, since its beginning in 1993, The Genesis Discography has been a fixture on the Internet much like Tom Bombadil was in Middle Earth. It has endured in the face of the changing times, without itself changing much, isolated off in its own world. Glorfindel had the opinion that Bombadil would be the last to fall, after all else was lost, last as he was first. In Tolkien’s story, that opinion was never tested. Good triumphed over evil, and everyone lived happily ever after. Not true on the Internet. Since 1993, the forces of evil have created a desolation and oppression that Sauron even with the help of his ruling ring could not imagine perpetrating. From the days of the Internet as an academic research network until today’s Internet I have witnessed ruination unbelieveable. The decay, corruption, and runiation of the Internet boggles my mind. Like Tom Bombadil in his carefully demarcated borders, The Genesis Discography has been an island in the storm, surrounded on all sides but never giving in.
  • Armenian Terrorism: a Reappraisal

    Armenian Terrorism: a Reappraisal

    Gunter 5/13/09 6:51 PM Page 109 The Journal of Conflict Studies Armenian Terrorism: A Reappraisal by Michael M. Gunter ABSTRACT This article reappraises the strategic impact of Armenian terrorism in the twentieth century. From 1973 to 1985, Armenian terrorists earned a deadly and infamous international reputation by murdering Turkish diplomats or members of their families, along with many other non-involved third parties killed in the crossfire, during 188 terrorist operations worldwide. By the mid-1980s, however, Armenian terrorists had fallen into mindless but deadly internal fighting that resulted in the deaths of several of their leading mem- bers. Yet even with the benefit of 20 years of hindsight, it remains dif- ficult to assess definitively the strategic influence exerted by Armenian terrorism. It was an excellent example of how one person’s terrorist can be viewed by some as another’s freedom fighter. In seek- ing revenge for past perceived wrongs and in pursuit of the goal of an independent state, Armenian terrorism also shared common characteristics with such other ethnic-based terrorist movements as the Irish and Palestinians. Although by practically all conventional standards of measurement its ultimate strategic impact was virtually nil, some might still argue that Armenian terrorism did help preserve the memory of what many call the twentieth-century’s first or forgot- ten genocide. INTRODUCTION Tacitly supported by many Armenians and others throughout the world as legitimate revenge for what most observers viewed as genocide1 in the First World War, Armenian terrorism in the twentieth century was an excellent exam- ple of how one person’s terrorist can be viewed by some as another’s freedom fighter.