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ENGLISH ELECTIVE Directorate of Distance Education TRIPURA ENGLISH ELECTIVE BA [English] Fourth Semester Paper G4 Directorate of Distance Education TRIPURA UNIVERSITY Reviewer Deb Dulal Halder Assistant Professor, Kirori Mal College, Delhi University Authors Suchi Agrawal: Unit (1) © Suchi Agrawal, 2017 Prof Sanjeev Nandan Prasad: Unit (2.0-2.2) © Prof Sanjeev Nandan Prasad, 2017 Prateek Ranjan Jha: Units (2.3-2.4, 3, 4) © Reserved, 2017 Vikas Publishing House: Unit ( 2.5-2.10) © Reserved, 2017 Books are developed, printed and published on behalf of Directorate of Distance Education, Tripura University by Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication which is material, protected by this copyright notice may not be reproduced or transmitted or utilized or stored in any form of by any means now known or hereinafter invented, electronic, digital or mechanical, including photocopying, scanning, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the DDE, Tripura University & Publisher. Information contained in this book has been published by VIKAS® Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. and has been obtained by its Authors from sources believed to be reliable and are correct to the best of their knowledge. However, the Publisher and its Authors shall in no event be liable for any errors, omissions or damages arising out of use of this information and specifically disclaim any implied warranties or merchantability or fitness for any particular use. Vikas® is the registered trademark of Vikas® Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. VIKAS® PUBLISHING HOUSE PVT. LTD. E-28, Sector-8, Noida - 201301 (UP) Phone: 0120-4078900 • Fax: 0120-4078999 Regd. Office: 7361, Ravindra Mansion, Ram Nagar, New Delhi 110 055 • Website: www.vikaspublishing.com • Email: [email protected] SYLLABI-BOOK MAPPING TABLE English Elective Syllabi Mapping in Book Unit I: Indian English Novel Unit 1: Indian English Novel: The R.K. Narayan-The Guide Guide (Pages 3-33) Unit II: Indian English Poetry Unit 2: Indian English Poetry Toru Dutt-Our Casuarina Tree, Sarojini Naidu- (Pages 35-68) If You Call Me, Tagore-Heaven of Freedom, Nissim Ezekiel-Night of the Scorpion. Unit III: Short Stories from Indian English Unit 3: Short Stories from Indian J. Lahiri: When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine, Keki English N. Daruwalla-Love Across the Salt Desert. (Pages 69-80) Unit IV: North Eastern Poetry in English Unit 4: North Eastern Poetry and Indira Goswami-The Journey (in trans.), Short Stories in English Robin S. Ngangom-A Poem for Mother, (Pages 81-104) Nanda Debbarma (in trans.)-I shall go to you, Sachlang Tripura (in Trans.)-Dawn at Hokutwisa, Temsula Ao-The Jungle Major. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 UNIT 1 INDIAN ENGLISH NOVEL: THE GUIDE 3-33 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Unit Objectives 1.2 About the Author 1.2.1 Narayan’s Education 1.2.2 Narayan’s Career 1.2.3 R. K. Narayan: A Comparative Analysis 1.3 Summary of R. K. Narayan’s The Guide 1.3.1 The Story 1.3.2 Raju’s Childhood 1.3.3 Raju’s Indecisiveness about being a Holy Man 1.3.4 Indianness in the Novel 1.4 Themes in R. K. Narayan’s The Guide 1.4.1 Family Relationships 1.4.2 Rejection of Traditional Norms and its Consequences 1.4.3 From Selfishness to Selflessness 1.4.4 Emancipation of Women 1.4.5 Transition from Illusion to Reality 1.4.6 Class Difference 1.5 Characters in R. K. Narayan’s The Guide 1.5.1 Raju 1.5.2 Rosie 1.5.3 Marco 1.6 R. K. Narayan’s Technique of Writing 1.7 Summary 1.8 Key Terms 1.9 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’ 1.10 Questions and Exercises 1.11 Further Reading UNIT 2 INDIAN ENGLISH POETRY 35-68 2.0 Introduction 2.1 Unit Objectives 2.2 Toru Dutt: Our Casuarina Tree 2.2.1 Our Casuarina Tree: An Introduction 2.2.2 Summary 2.2.3 A Brief Note on the Title 2.2.4 Critical Reception of Toru Dutt’s Works 2.3 Sarojini Naidu: If You Call Me 2.3.1 Analysis of the Poem 2.3.2 Sarojini Naidu as a Romantic Poet 2.4 Rabindranath Tagore: Heaven of Freedom (From Gitanjali) 2.4.1 Heaven of Freedom: Analysis 2.4.2 Overview 2.5 Nissim Ezekiel: A Brief Sketch 2.5.1 Ezekiel’s Night of the Scorpion: Text and Summary 2.6 Summary 2.7 Key Terms 2.8 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’ 2.9 Questions and Exercises 2.10 Further Reading UNIT 3 SHORT STORIES FROM INDIAN ENGLISH 69-80 3.0 Introduction 3.1 Unit Objectives 3.2 When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine: An Analysis 3.3 Love Across the Salt Desert: An Analysis 3.4 Summary 3.5 Key Terms 3.6 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’ 3.7 Questions and Exercises 3.8 Further Reading UNIT 4 NORTH EASTERN POETRY AND SHORT STORIES IN ENGLISH 81-104 4.0 Introduction 4.1 Unit Objectives 4.2 The Journey (In Translation): Indira Goswami 4.2.1 Analysis of the Text 4.2.2 Different forms of Violence and their Interaction with each other in Jaatra 4.3 A Poem for Mother: Robin S. Ngangom 4.3.1 Interaction with the Outside World 4.4 I Shall Go To You: Nanda Kumar Debbarma 4.4.1 Analysis of the Poem 4.4.2 Departure from the Material World in North-Eastern Poetry 4.5 Dawn at Hokutwisa: Sachlang Tripura 4.6 The Jungle Major: Temsula Ao 4.7 Summary 4.8 Key Terms 4.9 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’ 4.10 Questions and Exercises 4.11 Further Reading INTRODUCTION Introduction Literature symbolizes people, culture and tradition. It guides us towards a world full of experience and helps us evolve ourselves through its literary NOTES journey. It speaks to us in its various forms such as short story, poetry, drama, prose, fiction, non-fiction and so forth. The 1980s and 90s saw a renaissance of Indian writing in English spearheaded by Salman Rushdie with his path breaking work Midnight’s Children. With his success more and more Indian writers joined the group. These contemporary writers are not only those who reside in India but include many who like Rushdie, reside abroad and are a part of the Indian diaspora. English, in its classical form was used by writers of the past like Raja Rao, Nirad C. Choudhuri, R.K. Narayan and Mulk Raj Anand. However, Rushdie introduced a new trend in writing and voicing multicultural concerns. The book, English Elective is divided into four units that discuss the different genres of Indian writing such as Indian English novel, poetry and short stories. Authors from different cultural backgrounds have been discussed in this book. This book, English Elective, is written in a self-instructional format and is divided into four units. Each unit begins with an Introduction to the topic followed by an outline of the Unit Objectives. The content is then presented in a simple and easy-to-understand manner, and is interspersed with Check Your Progress questions to test the reader’s understanding of the topic. A list of Questions and Exercises is also provided at the end of each unit, and includes short-answer as well as long-answer questions. The Summary and Key Terms section are useful tools for students and are meant for effective recapitulation of the text. Self-Instructional Material 1 Indian English Novel: UNIT 1 INDIAN ENGLISH NOVEL: The Guide THE GUIDE NOTES Structure 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Unit Objectives 1.2 About the Author 1.2.1 Narayan’s Education 1.2.2 Narayan’s Career 1.2.3 R. K. Narayan: A Comparative Analysis 1.3 Summary of R. K. Narayan’s The Guide 1.3.1 The Story 1.3.2 Raju’s Childhood 1.3.3 Raju’s Indecisiveness about being a Holy Man 1.3.4 Indianness in the Novel 1.4 Themes in R. K. Narayan’s The Guide 1.4.1 Family Relationships 1.4.2 Rejection of Traditional Norms and its Consequences 1.4.3 From Selfishness to Selflessness 1.4.4 Emancipation of Women 1.4.5 Transition from Illusion to Reality 1.4.6 Class Difference 1.5 Characters in R. K. Narayan’s The Guide 1.5.1 Raju 1.5.2 Rosie 1.5.3 Marco 1.6 R. K. Narayan’s Technique of Writing 1.7 Summary 1.8 Key Terms 1.9 Answers to ‘Check Your Progress’ 1.10 Questions and Exercises 1.11 Further Reading 1.0 INTRODUCTION R. K. Narayan is one of the most famous and widely read Indian authors of the twentieth century. He is credited with introducing Indian culture to the rest of the world. Though Narayan’s work has been often criticized for being too simple in prose and diction, he has managed to gain international visibility based on his highly-localized novels that are usually set in the fictional Mysorean village of Malgudi. In 1935, Narayan began his writing career with Swami and Friends. Not only has the Indian culture been described intricately in Narayan’s writings, it also possesses a uniqueness of its own. He was a gifted author who immaculately described the simplicity of old days and how people tried to cope with the changing world. Some of Narayan’s famous works include The Bachelor of Arts (1937), The Dark Room (1938), Self-Instructional Material 3 Indian English Novel: The English Teacher (1945), The Financial Expert (1952), The Guide (1958), The Guide The Man-Eater of Malgudi (1961), The Vendor of Sweets (1967), Malgudi Days (1982), and The Grandmother’s Tale (1993).
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