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GALANTAMINA (Gal) Y ENF. ALZHEIMER (EA) OH H LA BIODIVERSITAT COM A FONT DE O MeO RECURSOS NATURALS PER NMe UNA EXPLOTACIÓ SOSTENIBLE Galantamina . Reminyl® Razadyne® (USA) Dr. JAUME BASTIDA Grup de Productes Naturals Facultat de Farmàcia. UB [email protected] Leucojum aestivum Narcissus cv Carlton Hippeastrum papilio OTROS ALCALOIDES DE LAS AMARYLLIDACEA OTROS ALCALOIDES DE LAS AMARYLLIDACEA OH Patente: US2016024074 (A1) Montanina OR1 Narciclasina y Pancratistatina OMe Fracción de alcaloides de los H O O OH bulbos de Rhodophiala bifida OR2 Antitumorales. Fase clínica. NH O Inhiben selectivamente: O N H OH O Tratamiento/prevención de: • crecimiento sarcoma M5076 sal de piridinio de O + 3,4-O-fosfato cíclico NH • artritis reumatoide . de narciclasina R ,R = P • proliferación de leucemia 1 2 O narciclasina R1=R2=H linfocítica P388 • colitis ulcerosa OH Inducen apoptosis específica en • sepsis HO OR1 cáncer de mama. • osteoporosis H O • infecciones inflamatorias OR2 H NH • artritis psoriásica O Inventores: OH O Gnieslaw de Oliveira, P.; Pereira Ramos • artritis crónica juvenil Pedrazza, G.; Farinon, M; Ricardo • otras enf. inflamatorias no sal sódica de O Problemas de solubilidad de la Machado, X.; Zuanazzi, J.A.S.; Spies, F. 3,4-O-fosfato cíclico P de pancratistatina R1,R2= + específicas de articulaciones O Na base UFRGS y HCPA (RS, Brasil) pancratistatina R1=R2=H 3 DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE , CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO Y ECOSISTEMAS UNIVERSIDADES IMPLICADAS ESPAÑA Diversidad Biológica para el Desarrollo Sostenible Universidad de Barcelona MÉXICO Unv Nacional VENEZUELA Autónoma de México Objetivos Específicos Universidad de los Andes COLOMBIA Universidad de Antioquia BRASIL • bioprospección de Amaryllidaceae Universidad del Cauca UF do Espírito Santo UF do Rio Grande do Sul • evaluar los recursos ECUADOR Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica BOLIVIA • identificar nuevos compuestos Esc. Superior Politécnica Chimborazo Unv Mayor de San Andrés • identificar nuevas fuentes Gal PERÚ PARAGUAY Unv Nacional de Trujillo Unv Nacional de Asunción • bases para aprovechamiento sostenible Unv Nacional de Moquegua • obtención de Gal a nivel de planta piloto CHILE ARGENTINA Universidad de Talca Universidad Nacional de San Juan > 125 investigadores de diferentes áreas 5 6 LA FAMILIA AMARYLLIDACEAE AMARYLLIDACEAE DE IBEROAMERICA ANTIGUA familia Amaryllidaceae familia Amaryllidaceae subfam. Amaryllidoideae familia Agapanthaceae subfam. Agapanthoideae a b c d familia Alliaceae subfam. Allioideae APG 2009 NUEVA . e f g h i Amaryllidaceae Agapanthaceae Alliaceae j k l m [a] Eucharis amazonica, [b] Rhodophiala moelleri, [c] Rhodophiala andicola, [d] Hymenocallis littoralis, Chase, Reveal, Fay (2009) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 : 132-6 7 [e] Sprekelia formosissima, [f] Ismene amancaes, [g] Worsleya procera, [h] Zephyranthes grandiflora, 8 [i] Phaedranassa dubia, [j] Hippeastrum calyptratum, [k] Hp. striatum, [l] Hp. argentinum, [m] Hp. psittacinum 1. BIOPROSPECCIÓN: MUESTREO 1. BIOPROSPECCIÓN: ANÁLISIS GENÉTICO 1. Cumplimiento de los requisitos legales: Convenio sobre la Phaedranassa viridiflora Baker Biodiversidad (1993) y Protocolo de Nagoya (2010) 2. Prospección de la Biodiversidad. Recolección 300 g PF 3. Colección de material de Herbario centralizado en la UTI Ecuador (Quito, Ecuador), integrado en el Missouri Botanical . Garden (http://tropicos.org/ ) . 4. Banco de germoplasma . Micropropagación bulbos Prof. Alan Meerow Oleas, Meerow, Ortega (2016) Genetic structure of the threatened Phaedranassa 9 schizantha (Amaryllidaceae) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 1-11 2. ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR: LOS ALCALOIDES 2. ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR: ALCALOIDES PRINCIPALES 12 11 OH 3 2 4 OH HO 4 2 HO 1 MeN 3 3 4a 5' 10 10b H - Lycorina, Lycoris radiata 2 4 10 H 10b HO 4' 6' β 9 10a MeO 9 10a 1 2 HO 1 3 5 1 O 11 4a 6 H H H - Aislamiento: Gerrad, 1877 NH α N 12 O 3' 1' O 8 6a 8 HO β MeO 6a 6 10 10b H 4 2' ' 7 6 7 9 10a O - Caracterización estructural: O 11 norbelladinanorbelladine lycorinalycorine homolycorinahomolycorine 4a OH Nagakawa et al., 1956 : 2 2 2 3 3 . H 1 OH 1 OMe 1 OH 12 11 11 3 N 10 10 OH 10 H 4 - Numeración: 8 6a O 9 10a 4a 4 O 9 10a 4a 4 O 9 10a O 10b 10b 10b OH 7 6 H 12 H 12 4a Ghosal, Saini & Razdan, 1985 N N NH O 8 6a O 8 6a O 8 6a 6 7 6 7 6 7 crininacrinine haemanthaminahaemanthamine OH O narciclasinanarciclasine OMe Bastida, Lavilla, Viladomat (2006) Chemical and biological aspects of Narcissus 1 OMe 3 alkaloids. In The Alkaloids 63 : 87-179 10 11 11a 2 2 2 4 3 OH O 9 10a OH 1 Bastida, Berkov, Torras, Pigni, de Andrade, Martínez, Codina, Viladomat (2011) H 4a 1 4a 3 O 10 NMe 12 10 10b 9 10a 4 MeO 9 10a Chemical and biological aspects of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. In Recent Advances O 11 4 10b 12 O 8 6a H N 4a in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 65-100 OH 7 6 11 12 O Berkov, Osorio, Viladomat, Bastida (2019) Chemodiversity, Chemotaxonomy and O 8 6a montaninamontanine 8 6a NMe 7 6 7 6 Chemoecology of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. In The Alkaloids 83 : 000 12 tazettinatazettine galanthaminegalantamina 2. ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR DE LAS MUESTRAS 2. ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR: GC-MS 1. Extracción de 300 g PF estudios preliminares: caracterizar compuestos a [0.001%] de PF 2. Escasa manipulación 3. Instrumental/técnicas avanzadas . Programa de Temperatura: Derivatización: 100-180 °C a 15 °C/min, 180-300 °C a 5°C/min, 5 mg extracto + Piridina (50 µL) mantener 10 min a 300 °C 90 min a 40 °C con BSTFA (50 µL) T Inyector: 250 °C // Flujo (He): 0.8 mL/min Evaporar a sequedad N2 [1mg/mL] // Inyección: 1 µL // Split 1:20 Redisolver en 250 µL de MeOH - Los valores del Indice de Kovats (RI) de los compuestos se mide con mezcla patrón de alcanos saturados (C9-C36) 13 Torras, Berkov, Jáuregui, Caujapé, Viladomat, Codina, Bastida (2010) Phytochem. Anal. 21 , 80-8 Detección de Galantamina Quimiotipos de Leucojum aestivum en Bulgaria Ly -chemotype near Black Sea Hly -chemotype found along Danube, separated from South by Balkans . Gal -chemotype in the South El contenido medio de Gal varia de 0.003 a 0.08% (PS) en el Norte, hasta un 0.42% en las poblaciones del Sur. Algunos individuos alcanzan el 0.65% en Gal Berkov, Georgieva, Kondakova, Viladomat, Bastida, Atanassov, Codina (2013) Biochemical 15 Systematics and Ecology 46 : 152-61 16 3. CARACTERIZACIÓN PARCIAL: LC-SPE-NMR 3. CARACTERIZACIÓN PARCIAL: LC-SPE-NMR F1 , m/z 350 C18 H23 NO 6 OMe HO OH H MeO H N . MeO O narcissidine N-oxide (CD 3OD) t (min) %B 0 5 3 5 48 22 51 100 56 100 57 5 60 5 18 4. DOCKING DIANAS EA: ACE, BCE, GSK-3βββ 5. MICROPROPAGACIÓN in vitro ACE Torpedo californica GSK-3βββ SER200 Preparación Esterilización ASP200 del bulbo superficial LYS85 GLU199 Seccionado . del bulbo TYR130 GLY117 ASP264 Obtención de O Formación de Introducción al O nuevos brotes cultivo in vitro twin-scales OH OAc H H oscuridad, 23±1°C placa basal O O MeO MeO Sellés, Bergoñón, Viladomat, Bastida, Codina (1999). Plant Cell Tissue and Organ NMe NH Culture 49 : 129-36 Galantamina Acetilleucovernina Sellés, Viladomat, Bastida, Codina (1999). Plant Cell Reports 18 : 646-51 20 5. MICROPROPAGACIÓN in vitro 5. MICROPROPAGACIÓN in vitro : Leucojum aestivum Murashige & Skoog Operaciones + Sacarosa 3% previas + Agar 0.8% BAP-NAA (5:1 mg/L) oscuridad, 23±1°C Brotes t-s Transferencia a medio Bulbo inicial líquido, Sacarosa 6% sin agar ni hormonas . BAP 2 mg/mL + NAA 0.15 mg/mL 4-6 semanas Repicaje 15 días Baby foods Inoculación a medios 30 mL, 110 rpm de Engrosamiento y Fotoperiodo 16/8h Enraizamiento T 23±1°C MS + Sacarosa 6% + Agar 0.8% arena /turba (1:1) + NAA (0.1 mg/L) Trasplante 3 meses después o Carbón activo al suelo 21 22 5. MICROPROPAGACIÓN in vitro : Hippeastrum papilio 5. MICROPROPAGACIÓN in vitro ❶ ❷ ❸ . ❹ ❺ ❻ aclimatación ❶ Twin scaling on MS + 2 mg/L BAP and 0,1 mg/L NAA, ❷ Bulb formation 30 days after scaling, ❸ Bulb formation 50 days after scaling, ❹ Bulb growing in temporary immersion, ❺ Bulbs ready for planting, ❻ Acclimated bulbs Colque, Viladomat, Bastida, Codina (2002). Journal of Horticultual Science & Biotech. 23 77 : 739-43 6. COMPLETAR CARACTERIZACIÓN ESTRUCTURAL 7. ENSAYOS DE LAS ACTIVIDADES in vitro E in vivo HMBC MS, HRMS ααα pf, [ ]D, UV, IR Docking RMN 1D: H1/C13 /DEPT RMN 2D: COSY, HMQC LC-SPE-NMR Micropropagación NOESY, HMBC del material vegetal Elucidación estructural Rayos X, CD MS, RMN (1D/2D), IR, GC-MS HRMS, UV, CD, X-rays . NOESY Muestra Extracto LC-DAD Compuesto Puro Ensayos Biológicos Estudios in vitro/in vivo Antiprotozoarios Apoptosis enfermedades neurodegenerativas Rayos X 26 7. ESTUDIO ACTIVIDADES in vitro : INHIBICIÓN ACE/BCE 7. ESTUDIO ACTIVIDADES in vitro : INHIBICIÓN GSK3 βββ FRACCIÓN DE ALCALOIDES / + SUSTRATO + ALCALOIDE ATP exceso GSK3 βββ P . SUSTRATO + + ADP 2) Detección actividad Kinasa ATP remanente a. conversión ADP ATP 1) ADP Glo ® Luciferina O HO S N O + Agotar ATP nuevo ATP N S + 1/2 O2 b. Luciferasa / Mg +2 HO S N O AMP + N S + PPi + CO2 Oxiluciferina Ellman, Courtney, Andres jr, Featherstone (1961) Biochemical Pharmacol. 7: 88-90 López, Bastida, Viladomat, Codina (2002) Life Sciences 71 : 2521-2529 27 Baki, Bielik, Molnár, Szendrei, Keresü (2007) Assay and Drug DevelopmentTechnology 5: 75-83 7. ESTUDIO ACTIVIDADES in vitro : NEUROPROTECCIÓN CARACTERIZACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA NEURONAS Núcleos Dendritas Superposición - Cultivos primarios Hoescht MAP 2 Merge embriones rata Medio Wistar E18 Neuronas corteza cerebral - Ensayo de Citotoxicidad FA LDH FA (μg/mL) . DIV 0 6 7 8 0,75 6,00 Glu 125µM 1,50 12,00 - Ensayo de Neuroprotección (toxicidad por Glu) Núcleos condensados de conexiones Pérdida 3,00 24,00 FA Glu LDH Pretratamiento DIV 0 6 7 8 LDH: Lactato Deshidrogenasa Z.
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    UNIVERSIDAD MICHOACANA DE SAN NICOLÁS DE HIDALGO FACULTAD DE AGROBOLOGÍA “PRESIDENTE JUÁREZ” PROGRAMA INSTITUCIONAL DE MAESTRÍA EN CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS ÁREA TEMÁTICA DE FISIOLOGÍA Y GENÉTICA VEGETAL INDUCCIÓN DE POLIPLOIDÍA EN Sprekelia formosissima Herbert TESIS Que presenta: SOFÍA PAULINA HERRERA RANGEL Para obtener el grado de: MAESTRA EN CIENCIAS Directora de tesis: DRA. MARTHA ELENA PEDRAZA SANTOS Mayo, 2020. Uruapan, Michoacán AGRADECIMIENTOS Al Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) por su apoyo en la realización de este trabajo de tesis. A mi asesora de tesis la Dra. Martha E. Pedraza Santos por su apoyo en mi trabajo, por darme la oportunidad de formar parte de su grupo de investigación, gracias por todas las atenciones brindadas, por compartir su conocimiento académico, mostrarme una visión diferente en el ámbito profesional amando lo que haces y por infundir habitos en mí que me serán útiles a lo largo de la vida. A mis asesores la Dra. Blanca Lara Chávez, el Dr. Nicolás Gutiérrez Rangel, el Dr. Luciano Morales García, el Dr. Isaac Reyes Vera por siempre estar presente, por sus consejos y atenciones para que este trabajo fuera posible. Siempre es una alegría compartir el tiempo y aprender de ustedes. A mis buenos amigos M.C Juan Manuel Gómez, Dr. Ulices Santos-Pérez y Selene Hernández Muñóz por apoyarme de manera experimental, dudas metodológicas, revisiones y consejos. Gracias por enseñarme tanto. A todos los amigos que hice en este tiempo Ismael, Aurelio, Mary, Paula, Agustín, Churape, Azura, Jair, Pabito, Ivanna, Denni, Salud, Fercho, Vale, Lupita, Yess, Juanita, Adriana, Noel y Joel gracias por su apoyo, conocimiento, gracias por compartir tantas alegrías, nunca dejen de sorprenderse al experimentar y no pierdan este amor por la vida.
  • Updating Material of Study Subject Flower

    Updating Material of Study Subject Flower

    LANDSCAPING FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF GARDENING AND AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES STUDY PROGRAMME: GARDENING TERRITORIES AND THEIR DESIGN (code) 653H93002 LAIMA MARKEVIČIENĖ UPDATING MATERIAL OF STUDY SUBJECT FLOWER GROWING (IN GREENHOUSES) ATNAUJINIMO MEDŽIAGA PROJEKTUI TO SUPPORT THE PROJECT ‘INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ENGINEERING STUDY FIELD PROGRAMMES AND THEIR UPDATING BY CUSTOMIZING TO MEET COURSE DELIVERY NEEDS OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT THE LANDSCAPING FACULTY OF KAUNO KOLEGIJA/UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES‘ (VP1-2.2-ŠMM-07-K-02-045) Mastaičiai 2012 Educational Institution: Kauno Kolegija / University of Applied Sciences Study Programme: Growing Territories and their Design Study Subject Programme FLOWER GROWING 1. The Annotation. Study Field Subject, in which decorative, morphological and bioecological characteristics of annual, biennial, perennial, bulbous, room: greenhouses and interior flowers are analyzed. Knowledge and abilities when evaluating and applying them in growing territories and interior are given. 2. The Aim of the Programme. To describe and evalaute grass decorative plants, by choosing them for growing territories and interiors of different types, to develope the skills of plants researches and holistic attitude when performing professional solutions. 3.The Length in Credits and Hours: Structure Length Practical Study in Lectures, Consultations, Individual In total: works, Assessment subject ECTS hours hours work, hours hours hours title credits Flower growing 12 69 72 19 160 320 1. Outside 6 29 39 12 80 160 Examination 2. Room 6 40 33 7 80 160 Examination 4.Prerequisites: Chemistry and Plants Protection, Fundamentals of Agronomy, Information Technologies, Foreign Language. 5. Links between Learning Outcomes and Intended Study Subject Outcomes and Student Achievement Assessment Methods: Learning outcomes Intended study subject Student achievement Study methods outcomes assessment methods Lecture, telling, explanation, Testing, frontal inquiry, 1.
  • ALKALOID-BEARING PLANTS and THEIR CONTAINED ALKALOIDS by J

    ALKALOID-BEARING PLANTS and THEIR CONTAINED ALKALOIDS by J

    ALKALOID-BEARING PLANTS and Their Contained Alkaloids TT'TBUCK \ \ '■'. Technical Bulletin No. 1234 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors are indebted to J. W. Schermerhorn and M. W. Quimby, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, for access to the original files of the Lynn Index; to K. F. Rauiïauf, Smith, Kline & French Labora- tories, and to J. H. Hoch, Medical College of South Carolina, for extensive lists of alkaloid plants; to V. S. Sokolov, V. L. Komarova Academy of Science, Leningrad, for a copy of his book; to J. M. Fogg, Jr., and H. T. Li, Morris Arboretum, for botanical help and identification of Chinese drug names ; to Michael Dymicky, formerly of the Eastern Utilization Research and Development Division, for ex- tensive translations; and to colleagues in many countries for answering questions raised during the compilation of these lists. CONTENTS Page Codes used in table 1 2 Table 1.—Plants and their contained alkaloids 7 Table 2.—Alkaloids and the plants in which they occur 240 Washington, D.C. Issued August 1961 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Qovemment Printing OflSce. Washington 25, D.C. Price $1 ALKALOID-BEARING PLANTS AND THEIR CONTAINED ALKALOIDS By J. J. WiLLAMAN, chemist, Eastern Utilization Research and Development Division, and BERNICE G. SCHUBERT, taxonomist. Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service This compilation assembles in one place all the scattered information on the occurrence of alkaloids in the plant world. It consists of two lists: (1) The names of the plants and of their contained alkaloids; and (2) the names and empirical formulas of the alkaloids.
  • Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes

    Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes

    Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes Shichao Chen1., Dong-Kap Kim2., Mark W. Chase3, Joo-Hwan Kim4* 1 College of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 2 Division of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Gyeonggi- do, Korea, 3 Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom, 4 Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea Abstract Phylogenetic analysis aims to produce a bifurcating tree, which disregards conflicting signals and displays only those that are present in a large proportion of the data. However, any character (or tree) conflict in a dataset allows the exploration of support for various evolutionary hypotheses. Although data-display network approaches exist, biologists cannot easily and routinely use them to compute rooted phylogenetic networks on real datasets containing hundreds of taxa. Here, we constructed an original neighbour-net for a large dataset of Asparagales to highlight the aspects of the resulting network that will be important for interpreting phylogeny. The analyses were largely conducted with new data collected for the same loci as in previous studies, but from different species accessions and greater sampling in many cases than in published analyses. The network tree summarised the majority data pattern in the characters of plastid sequences before tree building, which largely confirmed the currently recognised phylogenetic relationships. Most conflicting signals are at the base of each group along the Asparagales backbone, which helps us to establish the expectancy and advance our understanding of some difficult taxa relationships and their phylogeny.
  • Window and Parlor Gardening

    Window and Parlor Gardening

    *£- XI B RAHY OF THE U N IVLRSITY Of 1LLI NOIS G 34.35" J73w CPLA The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return on or before the Latest Date stamped below. books Theft, mutilation and underlining of are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 171 Mi 30 97 74 JUL-9W 'fiW JUL 6 L161— O-1096 -J WINDOW AND PARLOR GARDENING <**/^-C*wAA^JJUC!0' Copyright, /S95, by Charles Scribner's Sons 36" JT5w t?0 £/ioj£ wliode c/icezful jitcdencc bzightend a million liotncj, to tlie kind and enlightened GsQinezican women, tliid woi/i la tedpectfuLLy dedicated by kd/ic cyQuthoz, 449?? TAGE Introduction, I PART I PROPAGATION AND CARE OF HOUSE PLANTS I. The Plant, n II. Appliances, 21 III. Soils and Manures, 23 IV. Propagation, 26 V. Potting, 3° VI. Forcing, 3-1 VII. Watering, 36 VIII. Cleaning, 38 IX. Special Windows and Terrariums 40 X. Frames and Pits, 44 XI. Light 46 XII. Temperature and Moisture, 47 XIII. Insects and Diseases, 49 viii CONTENTS PAGE XIV. Decoration, 51 XV. Baskets, Vases, and Window Boxes, .... 54 XVI. The Veranda, and How to Adorn It, . 58 PART II THE SELECTION OF HOUSE PLANTS I. On Plant Names, 63 II. Roses, Carnations, and Chrysanthemums, . 65 III. Fopular Florist Flowers, 69 IV. Cacti, 80 V. Other Succulents, 84 VI. The Lily and Amaryllis Families, ... 89 ' VII. Orchids, . .93 VIII. The Calla Family 99 IX. The Pine-apple Family, 103 X. Palms, 106 XL Dracaenas, Screw-pi xes, and Sago-palms, .