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Technical History of the Environmental Control System for Project Mercury
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19670029737 2020-03-24T01:19:15+00:00Z NASA TECHNICAL NOTE -NASA L_-TN D-4126 cp. \ LO KI TECHNICAL HISTORY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR PROJECT MERCURY by Frank H, Samonski, Jr. Manned Spacecrafi Center Hozcston, Texas NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D. C. OCTOBER 1967 ?" TECH LIBRARY KAFB, "I I llllll lllll1llll lllll Hlll IYH lllll Ill1 Ill 0330793 NASA TN D-4126 TECHNICAL HISTORY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR PROJECT MERCURY By Frank H. Samonski, Jr. Manned Spacecraft Center Houston, Texas NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION ~~ For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information Springfield, Virginia 22151 - CFSTl price $3.00 I ABSTRACT This report presents a technical history of the environmental control system for Project Mercury. Significant system changes and flight experience with the environmental control system are described. Attention is also given to the structure of test pro- grams employed to satisfy the mission objectives. ii CONTENTS Section Page SUMMARY .................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ................................. 1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ............ 2 Pressure-Suit Subsystem .......................... 2 Cabin Subsystem ............................... 5 SYSTEM CHANGES ............................... 7 Oxygen-Supply Filler Valve ......................... 7 Pressure- Switch Deletion .......................... 7 Oxygen Flow Sensor ............................ -
Recommended Practices for Human Space Flight Occupant Safety
Recommended Practices for Human Space Flight Occupant Safety Version 1.0 August 27, 2014 Federal Aviation Administration Office of Commercial Space Transportation 800 Independence Avenue, Room 331 7 3 Washington, DC 20591 0 0 - 4 1 C T Recommended Practices for Human Space Flight Page ii Occupant Safety – Version 1.0 Record of Revisions Version Description Date 1.0 Baseline version of document August 27, 2014 Recommended Practices for Human Space Flight Page iii Occupant Safety – Version 1.0 Recommended Practices for Human Space Flight Page iv Occupant Safety – Version 1.0 TABLE OF CONTENTS A. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 Scope ................................................................................................................................ 1 3.0 Development Process ....................................................................................................... 2 4.0 Level of Risk and Level of Care ...................................................................................... 2 4.1 Level of Risk ................................................................................................................ 2 4.2 Level of Care ................................................................................................................ 3 5.0 Structure and Nature of the -
Shroudlines Vol 13 Issue 1 11X17.Pub
DARS NAR Section #308 SHROUDLINES Jan/Feb 2004 A Newsletter of the Dallas Area Rocket Society Volume 13, Issue 1 Dallas Area Rocket Society (“DARS”) In Memory of Beth Sapp By James Gartrell This issue of Shroudlines is devoted to Beth Sapp, loving and devoted wife of Tim Sapp, and loving and devoted mother of her two sons whom she loved so dearly, Alex and Eric. Although Beth has left this physical world, she will always remain in our hearts and minds. I know I speak for everyone from DARS when I say our deepest sympathies go Member - National Association out to Tim, Alex and Eric, and the rest of of Rocketry (“NAR”). their family. They will forever remain in my prayers, and I think that’s what Beth would want us all to do. Special points of interest: • In Memory of Beth Sapp - This Beth was also a dear friend and a wonderful Valwood Branch at: 13940 N. Stemmons Freeway, Suite A, Farmers Branch, TX 75234 issue is devoted to the memory person, DARS member and certified Level 2, of Beth Sapp. The first three Telephone (972) 406-1116, Fax (972) 406-9998, www.kinkos.com and much more. I don’t think there are pages include remembrances enough words or the right words to truly and photos of Beth. memorialize a person as special as Beth was, • Currently planned Launches, even though I’ve had a long time to think Outreach, and Contest Events about it since her funeral on January 24. The Dallas Area Rocket Society for 2004 are listed. -
Emotional Intelligence
O L O R A D AerospaceO S T E M M A G A Z i N E Orion Lockheed Martin Colorado E.I. Emotional Intelligence Apollopalooza 2019 July \\022v “An Experience for Everyone” Colorado Aerospace STEM Magazine believes that the key to success in seeing higher graduation rates, improved test- Orion Test ing results, student inspiration, creativity, Lockheed Martin excitement and career satisfaction rests in the hands of the teacher. The example and inspiration of individual educators carries tremendous weight on a daily basis, great- ly impacting the quality and effectiveness of the classroom environment. STEM Teaching Career Hill Our mission: Encourage curiosity, Betsy investigation, inspiration, creativity, and innovation; the foundations of every career passion and career in the Colorado workforce. STEM Careers of Tomorrow Laron Walker Wayne Carley Publisher Unlimited distribution is permitted to everyone receiving Colorado Aerospace Emotional Intelligence STEM Magazine. Please feel free to share Pat Kozyra with educators, students, parents and in- terested individuals or organizations. Colorado Aerospace STEM Magazine strives to encourage the educator to better STEM Tools Delights understand the importance of STEM skills, Estes, Boucvalt, their use in every school subject, the need Bryce Cathy and ease of integration into curriculum Steve Curtis, and Bruce Camber and the urgency for students to embrace STEM. To find out more, please send your E-mail request to: Apollopalooza [email protected] Lockheed Martin Orionwww.lockheedmartin.com This month, NASA will test the Orion’s The AA-2 test will last less than three launch abort system (LAS) for the final minutes, but the mock-up module will time, and the team charged with keep- reach up to 31,000 feet at more than 1,000 ing the crew safe from injury during the mph (Mach 1.3) before the LAS fires and most severe phases of space flight will be separates the module from the booster. -
Space Rescue Ensuring the Safety of Manned Space¯Ight David J
Space Rescue Ensuring the Safety of Manned Space¯ight David J. Shayler Space Rescue Ensuring the Safety of Manned Spaceflight Published in association with Praxis Publishing Chichester, UK David J. Shayler Astronautical Historian Astro Info Service Halesowen West Midlands UK Front cover illustrations: (Main image) Early artist's impression of the land recovery of the Crew Exploration Vehicle. (Inset) Artist's impression of a launch abort test for the CEV under the Constellation Program. Back cover illustrations: (Left) Airborne drop test of a Crew Rescue Vehicle proposed for ISS. (Center) Water egress training for Shuttle astronauts. (Right) Beach abort test of a Launch Escape System. SPRINGER±PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION SUBJECT ADVISORY EDITOR: John Mason, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. ISBN 978-0-387-69905-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer is part of Springer-Science + Business Media (springer.com) Library of Congress Control Number: 2008934752 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. # Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2009 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a speci®c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. -
Project Mercury Fact Sheet
NASA Facts National Aeronautics and Space Administration Langley Research Center Hampton, Virginia 23681-0001 April 1996 FS-1996-04-29-LaRC ___________________________________________________________________________ Langley’s Role in Project Mercury Project Mercury Thirty-five years ago on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard was propelled into space aboard the Mercury capsule Freedom 7. His 15-minute suborbital flight was part of Project Mercury, the United States’ first man-in-space program. The objectives of the Mer- cury program, eight unmanned flights and six manned flights from 1961 to 1963, were quite specific: To orbit a manned spacecraft around the Earth, investigate man’s ability to function in space, and to recover both man and spacecraft safely. Project Mercury included the first Earth orbital flight made by an American, John Glenn in February 1962. The five-year program was a modest first step. Shepard’s flight had been overshadowed by Russian Yuri Gagarin’s orbital mission just three weeks earlier. President Kennedy and the Congress were NASA Langley Research Center photo #59-8027 concerned that America catch up with the Soviets. Langley researchers conduct an impact study test of the Seizing the moment created by Shepard’s success, on Mercury capsule in the Back River in Hampton, Va. May 25, 1961, the President made his stirring chal- lenge to the nation –– that the United States commit Langley Research Center, established in 1917 itself to landing a man on the moon and returning as the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics him to Earth before the end of the decade. Apollo (NACA) Langley Memorial Aeronautical Labora- was to be a massive undertaking –– the nation’s tory, was the first U.S. -
THE MAX LAUNCH ABORT SYSTEM – CONCEPT, FLIGHT TEST, and EVOLUTION Michael G
THE MAX LAUNCH ABORT SYSTEM – CONCEPT, FLIGHT TEST, AND EVOLUTION Michael G. Gilbert(1), PhD (1) Principal Engineer, NASA Engineering and Safety Center 11 Langley Blvd., MS 116,Hampton VA 23681 USA Email:[email protected] Abstract escape system Maxime Faget [1]. The effort was intended to provide The NASA Engineering and Safety Center programmatic risk-reduction for the (NESC) is an independent engineering Constellation Program (CxP) Orion Crew analysis and test organization providing Exploration Vehicle (CEV) project. support across the range of NASA programs. In 2007 NASA was developing The CEV project baseline Launch Abort the launch escape system for the Orion System (LAS) development is an evolution spacecraft that was evolved from the of the Apollo towered-rocket design, Fig. traditional tower-configuration escape 2. Unlike the Apollo LAS, the CEV LAS systems used for the historic Mercury and incorporated an attitude control motor to Apollo spacecraft. The NESC was tasked, ensure stable flight following the escape as a programmatic risk-reduction effort to motor burn. At the time the MLAS project develop and flight test an alternative to the was initiated, the CEV LAS was Orion baseline escape system concept. experiencing development delays related This project became known as the Max to the LAS attitude control motor. Launch Abort System (MLAS), named in Therefore, the MLAS project was to honor of Maxime Faget, the developer of consider escape system concepts that the original Mercury escape system. Over would not require active attitude control or the course of approximately two years the stabilization following escape motor NESC performed conceptual and tradeoff burnout. -
The Orion Launch Abort System
Constellation Program: Astronaut Safety in a Launch Emergency The Orion Launch Abort System When astronauts rocket to the moon notice and setting the stage for a safe aboard NASA’s Orion crew exploration landing. vehicle, they will lift off in a spacecraft that can escape safely should a malfunction in Making its first flights early in the next the launch vehicle occur. decade, the Orion/Ares I launch system is being developed by the Constellation The Orion launch abort system (LAS) will Program as it prepares to send human offer a safe, reliable method of pulling the explorers back to the moon, and then entire crew out of danger in the event of an onward to Mars and other destinations in emergency on the launch pad or during the the solar system. climb to Earth orbit. Mounted at the top of the Orion and Ares Launch Abort Sequence I launch vehicle stack, the abort system will be capable of automatically separating the If a launch pad or in-flight emergency spacecraft from the rocket at a moment’s occurs, the abort and attitude control Orion’s launch abort system is designed to pull the crew module to safety in an emergency. motors will ignite, pulling the Orion crew module safely free of the Ares I launch vehicle. Th e abort motor will generate 400,000 pounds of thrust in a Nose Cone fraction of a second, rapidly pulling the crew to safety while the attitude control motors maintain stability. Attitude Control Motor (Eight Nozzles) After the vehicle is safely away from the booster, the attitude control motor will reorient the capsule before the crew module is released from the abort system to Interstage begin its controlled descent. -
Nasa's Commercial Crew Development
NASA’S COMMERCIAL CREW DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM: ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND CHALLENGES HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TWELFTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 26, 2011 Serial No. 112–46 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 70–800PDF WASHINGTON : 2011 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HON. RALPH M. HALL, Texas, Chair F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas Wisconsin JERRY F. COSTELLO, Illinois LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas LYNN C. WOOLSEY, California DANA ROHRABACHER, California ZOE LOFGREN, California ROSCOE G. BARTLETT, Maryland BRAD MILLER, North Carolina FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois JUDY BIGGERT, Illinois GABRIELLE GIFFORDS, Arizona W. TODD AKIN, Missouri DONNA F. EDWARDS, Maryland RANDY NEUGEBAUER, Texas MARCIA L. FUDGE, Ohio MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas BEN R. LUJA´ N, New Mexico PAUL C. BROUN, Georgia PAUL D. TONKO, New York SANDY ADAMS, Florida JERRY MCNERNEY, California BENJAMIN QUAYLE, Arizona JOHN P. SARBANES, Maryland CHARLES J. ‘‘CHUCK’’ FLEISCHMANN, TERRI A. SEWELL, Alabama Tennessee FREDERICA S. WILSON, Florida E. SCOTT RIGELL, Virginia HANSEN CLARKE, Michigan STEVEN M. PALAZZO, Mississippi VACANCY MO BROOKS, Alabama ANDY HARRIS, Maryland RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois CHIP CRAVAACK, Minnesota LARRY BUCSHON, Indiana DAN BENISHEK, Michigan VACANCY (II) C O N T E N T S Wednesday, October 26, 2011 Page Witness List ............................................................................................................ -
Hampton History Museum Hosts Event at Air Power Park
Media Release FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 3, 2019 Contact: Elizabeth Severs, 757/728-5326 [email protected] Seamus McGrann, 757/727-6841 [email protected] Hampton History Museum Hosts Event at Air Power Park Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of the Apollo Moon Landing on July 20, 2019 with Activities from NASA Langley Research Center That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed. Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man's desire to understand. -Neil Armstrong, July 20, 1969 Hampton, VA - Join the Hampton History Museum at Air Power Park on Saturday, July 20 from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. for a day of family fun, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Apollo Moon Landing. Explore Hampton’s contributions to space flight and the first steps on the Moon. Be there for the ribbon cutting of the restored “Little Joe” rocket. The event is free and open to the public. Be among the first to see the fully restored “Little Joe” rocket that played a key role in testing systems for the Moon mission. This unlaunched rocket is the only remaining example of the type used in eight launches, between 1959 and 1960, from Wallops Island, Virginia to test the escape systems and heat shield for Project Mercury capsules. -More- Hampton History Museum Hosts Event at Air Power Park Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of the Apollo Moon Landing on July 20, 2019 with Activities from NASA Langley Research Center – page 2 Restoration of this iconic spacecraft and the smaller “Corporal” rocket, are among the first improvements to the park. -
A Launch Pad Escape System for Human Spaceflight Is One of Those Things That Everyone Hopes They Will Never Need but Is Critical for Every Manned Space Program
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20110012275 2019-08-30T15:55:02+00:00Z Launch Pad Escape System Design (Human Spaceflight): -Kelli Maloney A launch pad escape system for human spaceflight is one of those things that everyone hopes they will never need but is critical for every manned space program. Since men were first put into space in the early 1960s, the need for such an Emergency Escape System (EES) has become apparent. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has made use of various types ofthese EESs over the past 50 years. Early programs, like Mercury and Gemini, did not have an official launch pad escape system. Rather, they relied on a Launch Escape System (LES) of a separate solid rocket motor attached to the manned capsule that could pull the astronauts to safety in the event of an emergency. This could only occur after hatch closure at the launch pad or during the first stage of flight. A version of a LES, now called a Launch Abort System (LAS) is still used today for all manned capsule type launch vehicles. However, this system is very limited in that it can only be used after hatch closure and it is for flight crew only. In addition, the forces necessary for the LES/LAS to get the capsule away from a rocket during the first stage of flight are quite high and can cause injury to the crew. These shortcomings led to the development of a ground based EES for the flight crew and ground support personnel as well. -
Preliminary Study for Manned Spacecraft with Escape System and H-IIB Rocket
Trans. JSASS Space Tech. Japan Vol. 7, No. ists26, pp. Tg_35-Tg_44, 2009 Preliminary Study for Manned Spacecraft with Escape System and H-IIB Rocket By Takane IMADA, Michio ITO, Shinichi TAKATA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ,Tsukuba, Japan (Received April 30th, 2008) HTV (H-II Transfer Vehicle) is the first Japanese un-manned service vehicle that will transport several pieces of equipments to ISS (International Space Station) and support human activities on orbit. HTV will be launched by the first H-IIB rocket in September 2009 and JAXA will have the capability to access LEO (Low Earth Orbit) bases with enough volume/weight as the human transport system. This paper is the preliminary study for developing a manned spacecraft from the HTV design and includes clarification of necessary development items. In addition, missing parts in the current HTV design are identified with some analysis, such as LES (Launch Escape System), which is mandatory for all human transport systems. Keyword: Manned Transportation, H-II, HTV, Escape System 1. Introduction JAXA announced its long-term vision for the next 20 years This paper uses several data from HTV as an un-manned as "JAXA Vision toward 2025" in April 2005 1) . JAXA but smart transportation vehicle, and launch capability data declared to keep establishing space transportation systems from the H-IIB rocket to estimate as reasonably and with the greatest reliability and competitiveness in the world. realistically as possible. Figure 1 shows an artistic image of Japanese manned spacecraft will be one of the goals of these the launch. This image used a 3-D model that was built reliable transportation systems.