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Emotional Intelligence O L O R A D AerospaceO S T E M M A G A Z i N E Orion Lockheed Martin Colorado E.I. Emotional Intelligence Apollopalooza 2019 July \\022v “An Experience for Everyone” Colorado Aerospace STEM Magazine believes that the key to success in seeing higher graduation rates, improved test- Orion Test ing results, student inspiration, creativity, Lockheed Martin excitement and career satisfaction rests in the hands of the teacher. The example and inspiration of individual educators carries tremendous weight on a daily basis, great- ly impacting the quality and effectiveness of the classroom environment. STEM Teaching Career Hill Our mission: Encourage curiosity, Betsy investigation, inspiration, creativity, and innovation; the foundations of every career passion and career in the Colorado workforce. STEM Careers of Tomorrow Laron Walker Wayne Carley Publisher Unlimited distribution is permitted to everyone receiving Colorado Aerospace Emotional Intelligence STEM Magazine. Please feel free to share Pat Kozyra with educators, students, parents and in- terested individuals or organizations. Colorado Aerospace STEM Magazine strives to encourage the educator to better STEM Tools Delights understand the importance of STEM skills, Estes, Boucvalt, their use in every school subject, the need Bryce Cathy and ease of integration into curriculum Steve Curtis, and Bruce Camber and the urgency for students to embrace STEM. To find out more, please send your E-mail request to: Apollopalooza [email protected] Lockheed Martin Orionwww.lockheedmartin.com This month, NASA will test the Orion’s The AA-2 test will last less than three launch abort system (LAS) for the final minutes, but the mock-up module will time, and the team charged with keep- reach up to 31,000 feet at more than 1,000 ing the crew safe from injury during the mph (Mach 1.3) before the LAS fires and most severe phases of space flight will be separates the module from the booster. watching and analyzing the results. “What it comes down to is a pretty in- tense several seconds of their life, but one The Ascent Abort Test 2 (AA-2) will ver- that will ensure the astronauts live and ify that the LAS, a rocket-powered tower will not be injured in the process,” Bald- above the crew module, can accelerate the win said. capsule away from the launch vehicle and to a safe distance if something goes wrong The test follows a pad abort test (PA-1) during the rocket’s ascent phase. conducted in 2010 that used a prototype escape system fired from the ground, or “AA-2 will allow us to focus on what we while on the launch pad. understand about the environments the crew experience during an ascent abort “We have to assess both injury potential and what we can do to ensure their safe- on the launch pad and on ascent, so AA-2 ty,” said Mark Baldwin, a biomechanical is going to fill in that second blank on engineer and Lockheed Martin Space’s what happens when you are already trav- Orion crew safety and landing analyst. eling at high speeds, cutting through the wind, and now you’re atop a rocket and Baldwin works with Lockheed Martin you’re pulling away,” Baldwin said. “That and NASA engineering teams to deter- imparts a different set of loads that could mine the injury risks that crew members potentially injure the crew that we need to face during the most severe phases of assess.” flight to the Gateway and then helps de- sign systems to protect them, from seats In a launch emergency triggering the to suits. LAS, the crew would experience G forces during acceleration equivalent to a rear- Baldwin and his colleagues already know end car crash as well as strong vibrations a lot about what could happen to the crew and noise from the firing of the LAS’ bolts during an ascent abort, thanks to years of and its thrusters. “We need to ensure that testing in three main areas: acceleration, the acceleration and all of that vibration vibration and localized injury. put together is not above the limits that NASA has set,” Baldwin said. For example, using an acceleration sled, www.lockheedmartin.com they have slammed crash-test dummies The test module will not carry seats or in impact tests experiencing 14 Gs; accel- crash-test dummies, but the data gathered erations beyond worst-case landing and will be measured against structural, seat abort levels. and human models that the structural analysis teams have created. Baldwin himself has participated as a test I wouldn’t join that program. They estab- subject. In 2017, he donned the Orion lished what we now understand as the astronaut suit and helmet and spent seven acceptable limits for acceleration and then hours strapped into the module’s seat for local injuries. And those are the things a vibration test designed to see wheth- that we’re leveraging on Orion to make er the astronauts could read the control sure we keep our crew safe.” displays. “I am most interested in really a few sec- The data has helped create the safe- onds at the very beginning and very end. ty system that NASA requested for the So, you could start with a pad abort. You challenges of a deep-space mission—one could never get off the pad, in which case that is twice as protective as the safety you would see the full acceleration of the standard for an automobile in a rear-end abort thrust to pull you to safety. At the crash. very end of the mission, you’re going to always hit the water. You’re going to have “We are confident that the astronauts will to make sure you understand how se- be protected,” he said. “We have accom- vere that’s going to be. And in the case of modated all of the limits NASA requires Orion, we’re trying to do deep space mis- for a spacecraft to demonstrate it’s safe, sions.” but spaceflight is inherently dangerous and risky. We need tests like AA-2 to “You’re going to have deconditioning ensure we haven’t missed something and that’s going to weaken the body, and you build that confidence going into the first could be more susceptible than anybody crewed mission.” just driving a car to injury. We have to really understand both the front and the Mark Baldwin is an astronaut safety back end of the entire mission. The up- expert and Lockheed Martin engineer coming test, Ascent Abort 2, is the same working on the NASA Orion program. type of test, but now you’re already going We asked him about what it’s like design- a lot faster and you’re at about 30,000 ing systems to protect humans in space. feet. The whole test is going to be over in a minute. But we’re going to go through Baldwin comments, “Going all the way that sequence of firing the abort thrust- back to the ‘50s, there were heroic people ers, which will impart the G’s at the seat, that put themselves in grave danger to pull yourself away from the rocket, and establish what we now understand are the then re-orient and escape from the launch limits of loading on the body. And this abort system.” goes from rocket sled tests to, believe it or not, graduate students being strapped to sleds. Teaching as a STEM Career by Betsy Hill President of BrainWare Learning Company, a provider of cognitive literacy solutions. Lists of STEM careers typically include Considering what teachers today have to things like environmental science, elec- know and do that they didn’t ten or twenty trical engineering, software development years ago, the need for STEM skills, across and market research analysis. Teaching the board in teaching, becomes evident. isn’t usually on the list but perhaps it should be, particularly given the nature In terms of science skills, for example, of the job as it continues to evolve. The teachers are increasingly interested in and reasons go beyond the obvious fact that being trained in aspects of neuroscience teachers of science, technology, engi- that have implications for learning. neering and math have to have mastered knowledge and skills in those areas. Learning, after all, is a biological process neural connections that can be reacti- – the making and strengthening of con- vated later when the information or skill nections among neurons into neural net- is required. For math, the application of works or maps. Many teachers are deeply statistics to understanding the increasing- engaged in the science of learning and ly large amounts of data that are available teaching. Some may argue that teaching are probably the areas where the demands is an art as well as a science, and that is have increased the most. the case. Cross-Disciplinary Skills At the same time, there are many software programmers who will talk about the art The literature is full of lists of skills that of their discipline. Just because we are apply across STEM fields. They include artful doesn’t mean we aren’t relying on skills like problem-solving, data-driven sound science in performing our roles as decision-making and statistics. teachers or programmers. Problem-Solving When it comes to technology skills, teaching is vastly different than it used The school day is filled with problems. to be. When I started teaching, there was Some are small and routine, with routine a ditto machine and there were correct- answers. But many require novel solu- ing typewriters. There was a card file in tions, often because of the unique charac- the library.
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