DOCSLIB.ORG

The Psychology of Mediation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Psychology of Mediation PSYKOLOGI III, 2PS600 HT2014 The psychology of mediation A qualitative study on mediation in Ethiopia Sofia Eriksson Bachelor thesis 15 HP Supervisor: Lena Swalander Autumn 2014 Examiner: Caroline Johansson Institution for Psychology Abstract The objective of this bachelor thesis was to examine and analyse the psychological factors that were important in mediation processes on local, regional, national and international levels in Ethiopia. The research questions were what these psychological factors were and how they affected the mediation process. A qualitative, semi-structured method was used and six informants with experience as mediators have been interviewed in Ethiopia. The psychological factors identified were self-esteem, losing face, ability of letting go, and mirroring. The conclusion was that this research confirmed the findings of much of the previous research, in regards to the psychological factors active in the process. The research also revealed that the psychological factors needed to be considered in the light of the Ethiopian culture and it´s collective nature. Keywords: mediation, psychological factors, self-esteem, losing face, ability of letting go, mirroring. Acknowledgement I want to express my gratitude to Wazihun Tekleberhan, Wendemagegn Muluhne, Samira Messner, Misgana Kifle, Fukadu Ayelew, Asrat Ayelew, Inger Marie Halvorsrud Jaavall, Håkan Pohlstrand, Anne Dietrich and Ali Omer for sharing ideas, contacts and information. I also want to thank the informants and my supervisor, Lena Swalander. 2 The psychology of mediation The objective of this bachelor thesis was to examine and analyse the psychological factors that were important in mediation processes on local, regional, national and international levels in Ethiopia. The research questions were what these psychological factors were and how they affected the mediation process. The aim was that this paper would lead to a deeper knowledge and understanding of the psychology of mediation in Ethiopia, which would facilitate peaceful conflict resolutions. The history of conflicts in Ethiopia Conflicts have always and will always be a part of every society but to me it seems like humans are driven by a desire to live in peace. As a result of this, methods of resolving conflicts have developed. Harty & Modell (1991) states that psychologists, human rights activists, governments, anthropologists, sociologists and political scientists have showed a great interest in alternative forms of conflict resolutions since the time of the Cold War. Shaffer (2009, p. 297) defines a conflict as “circumstances in which two (or more) persons have incompatible needs, desires, or goals”. Bahta (2014) quotes Andreas (2010:1) who stated that Ethiopia, just like many other African countries: …has been consumed by strife for most of the nineteenth century and more than a third of the twentieth century. The horrors engendered by violent conflict in Africa are vivid and pervasive, among these: The loss of millions of lives, and the painful displacement of countless citizens and communities; no less tragic is the loss of opportunities and capabilities to improve the lot of the living. As one of the oldest countries in the world, Ethiopia has a history that can be traced back to 1000 BC (Uppsala Conflict Data Program, 2014). Ethiopia is one of the few countries in Africa that has never been colonized but instead ruled by successive emperors until 1974. During the last one and a half decade of the reign of the last emperor; Haile Selassie, there had been repeated crop failures which led to famine. At that time there was also complaints about unequal distribution of land as well as a lack of development. In 1974 the Derg regime came into power after a military coup and a pro-Soviet Marxist-Leninist military junta led my Mengistu Haile Mariam, established a one-party communist state and what is referred to as the Red Terror was launched (Uppsala Conflict Data Program, 2014). The resistance did however grow stronger and intrastate conflicts arised. In 1991 a number of separated groups joined force against their common enemy and in the mid of 1991, the main rebel group, EPRDF (Ethiopian People´s Revolutionary Democratic Front) seized power. EPRDF had cooperated with the Eritrean separatists in the conflict and when their joint goal was reached, 3 Eritrea, which at that time belonged to Ethiopia, initiated preparations for independence, which they gained after a referendum in 1993. A more de-centralised constitution was written in Ethiopia but conflicts rose in the regions of Afar, Ogaden and Oromiya, which criticized the constitution for not benefitting the whole nation. Ethiopia has also been involved in conflicts with neighbouring states and has at different point in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s fought with Somalia over the Ogaden region. From 2006 Ethiopia has also sent in troops into Somalia to support the Somali government in its fight against the Supreme Islamic Council of Somalia (SICS). In 1998 Ethiopia and Eritrea came into conflict over their common border and it escalated into a conventional war that lasted until the year 2000 (Uppsala Conflict Data Program, 2014). Ethiopia has around 70 ethnic groups and has faced a number of non-state conflicts between different ethnic groups. Conflicts between pastoralist communities and agriculturalists have also developed after draughts in the country (Uppsala Conflict Data Program, 2014). Mediation as a resolution method Mediation is an ancient conflict resolution method that is referred to both in the Bible, Homer’s Illiad and Sophocles’ Ajax (Berkovitch, 1996). However it was not until 1990s that mediation as a conflict resolution method became accepted as a viable alternative to litigation by the legal community (Bevan, Bromfield, Hollebon and Bevans, 2010). It has been used both in personal and neighbourhood conflicts, group and organizational conflicts as well as in political conflicts. The peaceful approach of mediation could be seen as an ideal way of dealing with conflicts (Berkovitch, 1996). He further stated that mediation could be seen as a continuation of the parties´ own effort of conflict management. The mediator could be one person, a group, an organization or a state whose goal would be to influence or resolve a particular conflict. The mediator can for example appeal to logic, use information, persuasion or social influence strategies. “The mediators’ objective of changing, reducing or resolving a conflict, legitimates their intervention” (Berkovitch, 1996, p. 3). The mediation process has unique features as the interest of the parties, mediators and the overall interest of changing the outcome of the conflict, is intertwining. To sum it up, Berkovitch’ s (1996) perspective of mediation involves: 1) A relationship between two parties and a mediator. 2) Some sort of behaviour within a context. 3) Outcomes that are consequent to that behaviour. 4 The outcomes can be a result of direct mediation or indirectly facilitated by the mediator, removing barriers that has been standing in the way. Bercovitch (1996) defines mediation as an interaction between two conflicting parties within a specific situation. It is the parties’ previous experience, culture, society and structure that determine their reaction to the conflict and to the mediation. He further suggests that it is these features that in turn affect the way the mediator intervenes. It also affects the perception of the strategies and the outcome. According to Jameson, Sohan & Hodge (2014) the practice of mediation is often considered an “art” and intuitive rather than a science, although mediation strategies have been identified by scholars and practitioners. Mediation in Ethiopia The practice of mediation is according to my experience widely used in Ethiopia both on national, regional and local levels. On local levels the mediation is lead by elders of the tribe or village and the mediation often involves rituals, rhetoric strategies as well as non- verbal means of communication. It appears to be a commonly used practice among Ethiopia’s many local societies to settle conflicts developed from example physical injuries, homicide, relational problems or bride abduction. Third-party methods were also used in large conflicts, for example when the Carter Center mediated between the government of Ethiopia and the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front (EPLF) (Bercovitch, 1996). The Constitution of Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1994) states that religious and customary institutions are given constitutional right to handle family and personal matters in cases where the conflicting parties agree to get a decision by these institutions. The constitution does however limit the mandate only to personal and family matters (Enyew, 2014). Bahta (2014) referred to the traditional mediation in Ethiopia as Popular Dispute Resolution Mechanism (PDRM). In his study he writes about how the role of the PDRMs has developed and what consequences this can have on the formal justice system in Ethiopia. In his article he recommends that a new regulatory organ should be established on macro level. The aim would be that this new organ would have the capability and legitimacy to adapt and harmonized PDRMs, so that the traditional African indigenous values would be preserved in the same time as the international human rights conventions would be respected. Enyew (2014) referred to the traditional mediation as Customary dispute resolution mechanism and stated that it plays an important
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stereotypes and Prejudice
    Stereotypes and Prejudice Their Overt and Subtle Influence in the Classroom CONNIE T. WOLFE University of Michigan STEVEN J. SPENCER Hope College The authors examine overt and subtle forms of stereotyping and prejudice. Two theories that explain overt prejudice are reviewed: realistic conflict theory and social identity theory. Although overt prejudice seems to have declined, subtle stereotyping is still pervasive. The authors review one theory, aversive racism theory, that explains this phenomenon. They also discuss two perspectives, attributional ambiguity and stereotype threat, which provide accounts of the impact of subtle racism. Both overt and subtle prejudice present challenges for the classroom. The authors describe one intervention called the jigsaw classroom that encourages work toward common goals and helps reduce the expression and impact of overt discrimination. A second intervention program, wise schooling, is presented, which aims to reduce the impact of subtle stereotypes by reducing stereotype threat. Why do prejudice and discrimination exist? Has overt racism been replaced by more subtle forms of prejudice? How does stereotyping affect its targets? In this article we describe two theories, realistic conflict theory and social identity theory, which provide an answer to the first question. We address the second question by noting that although overt discrimination has decreased, subtle forms of prejudice are still quite common and we describe one theory, aversive racism, that provides a compelling account of this change in the expression of prejudice. Finally, we answer the third question by describing two phenomena, attributional ambiguity and stereotype threat, that result from the pervasive nature of subtle stereotyping. This article is a selective overview of what social psychology has to say about these crucial issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Conflict Sensitivity and Peacebuilding Programming Guide
    CONFLICT SENSITIVITY AND PEACEBUILDING Programming Guide NOVEMBER 2016 N C O FLIC S T EM AN T A S L Y Y S S I E S & M T H E N O O I R T I E A S T N O E F M C E H L A P N M I G E & N P G I R S O E G D R M A CONFLICT 02 SENSITIVITY AND PEACEBUILDING PROGR AMMING GUIDE AcKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many individuals across UNICEF who have provided valuable insights and contributions to the production of this guide. The guide was produced through a consultative process and informed by practical application of its content through several training workshops at country and regional levels, often tied to UNICEF programme planning processes. Special thanks go to Zachary Metz, Naghmeh Sobhani and Kristoffer Nilaus-Tarp, the three consultants who worked closely with Sharif Baaser and John Lewis (HATIS/ Programmes Division, UNICEF NYHQ) in producing the guide as part of a broader capacity development project. UNICEF would like to thank the Government of The Netherlands and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) for their generous funding contributions that made the production of this guide possible. CONFLICT SENSITIVITY AND 03 PEACEBUILDING PROGRAMMING GUIDE SUMMARY, OVERVIEW AND GUIDE TO THE GUIDE SUMMARY AND OVERVIEW The Conflict Sensitivity and Peacebuilding Programming Guide is a tool for UNICEF field staff and leadership to understand, situate and operationalize conflict sensitivity and peacebuilding through UNICEF’s existing work or new initiatives in different contexts and in partnership with other stakeholders.
    [Show full text]
  • The Psychology of Peace, Conflict, and Reconciliation in Northern Ireland Spring, 2019 PSY386 Tentative Syllabus (Updated 4/6/19)
    The Psychology of Peace, Conflict, and Reconciliation in Northern Ireland Spring, 2019 PSY386 Tentative Syllabus (updated 4/6/19) Professor: Ellen Shupe, Ph.D. 2218 ASH Email: [email protected] Cell: (616) 516-0818 Readings Feeney, B. (2004). A short history of the Troubles. Dublin, Ireland: The O’Brien Press. Additional readings (see list below) Course Overview The Psychology of Peace, Conflict, and Reconciliation in Northern Ireland is a 6-credit study abroad program consisting of 3 weeks of class meetings on the GVSU Allendale campus and three weeks of travel and study in the North of Ireland. The course focuses on the psychology of conflict and on the psychology of peace and reconciliation, two topics that are often studied independently. There is a long history of scholarship on the dynamics, causes, and consequences of conflict and violence, from a variety of perspectives (e.g., social, biological, and clinical) and on interpersonal, intergroup, and international levels. Unlike theory and research on conflict, the specific focus on peace and reconciliation is relatively new to psychology. The emerging field of peace psychology draws on rich theory from clinical, social, political, and community psychology, and is influenced by literature from sociology, international relations, political science and other fields outside of psychology. Thus, both the psychology of conflict and the psychology of peace and reconciliation are broad topics that could easily be studied over the course of a year or more. Although we will also discuss interpersonal and international conflict, PSY386 will focus primarily on the psychological literature related to violent intergroup and ethnopolitical conflict and peace-building efforts, as they are most relevant to Northern Ireland.
    [Show full text]
  • Ebook Download the Psychology of Conflict and Conflict Management
    THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CONFLICT AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Carsten K W De Dreu | 9781136679926 | | | | | The Psychology of Conflict and Conflict Management in Organizations 1st edition PDF Book Newstrom eds. Breaking the bonds of reciprocity in negotiations. These studies report that individuals low on need for affiliation prefer a dominating style, whereas those high on need for affiliation tend to use an obliging style. In forcing, one party aims to achieve his or her goal by imposing a solution onto the other party. Zaheer, S. Conflict within interdependence: Its value for productivity and individuality. Those differences will lead to conflict if the individuals reach different conclusions. Wiley Encyclopedia of Management , 11 , 1—4. Recently viewed 0 Save Search. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. The five styles are as follows:. The Academy of Management Review, 23 3 , — Journal of Applied Psychology , 97 2 , — How arbitration works. International Journal of Conflict Management , 5 , — Management of a business. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 66 4 , — The goal is to hold conflict levels in the middle of this range. Conflict coaching is a new and rapidly growing process in the public as well as private sector Brinkert, This style is also the best choice in situations in which one party cannot resolve the conflict alone. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Academy of Management Journal, 26 2 , — Types of management. It takes two to tango: An interdependence analysis of the spiraling of perceived trustworthiness and cooperation in interpersonal relationships.
    [Show full text]
  • The Socioecological Significance of Dispersed Farmland Trees in Northern Ethiopia
    Colby College Digital Commons @ Colby Honors Theses Student Research 2016 Missing the Trees for the Forest: The Socioecological Significance of Dispersed Farmland Trees in Northern Ethiopia Jacob A. Wall Colby College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/honorstheses Part of the Environmental Studies Commons, Geographic Information Sciences Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, Nature and Society Relations Commons, Other Environmental Sciences Commons, Remote Sensing Commons, Spatial Science Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Colby College theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed or downloaded from this site for the purposes of research and scholarship. Reproduction or distribution for commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the author. Recommended Citation Wall, Jacob A., "Missing the Trees for the Forest: The Socioecological Significance of Dispersed Farmland Trees in Northern Ethiopia" (2016). Honors Theses. Paper 950. https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/honorstheses/950 This Honors Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at Digital Commons @ Colby. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Colby. Missing the Trees for the Forest: The Socioecological Significance of Dispersed Farmland Trees in Northern Ethiopia Jacob A. Wall Environmental Studies Program Colby College Waterville, Maine May 16, 2016 A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Environmental Studies Program in partial fulfillment of the graduation requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with honors in Environmental Studies. ________________________ _______________________ ____________________ Travis W. Reynolds, Advisor Manny Gimond, Reader Bruce Rueger, Reader i Copyright © 2016 by the Environmental Studies Program, Colby College.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Racial Conflict on Organizational Performance: a Search for Theory
    New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development 13 Volume 21, Number 1/2, Winter/Spring 2007 THE EFFECTS OF RACIAL CONFLICT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A SEARCH FOR THEORY Marilyn Y. Byrd Instructor, Business Administration and Systems University of Mary Hardin-Baylor Abstract This article addresses the effect of racial conflict on organizational performance as an issue that needs theoretical support in the foundational theories of human resource development (HRD). While the field of HRD recognizes theories from multiple disciplines, the field lacks a theoretical framework to inform leadership in managing racial conflict. In this article literature across multiple disciplines was reviewed to identify research and theory that links racial conflict, racial groups, organizational groups, and performance outcomes. The findings indicate Critical Race Theory (Bell, 1993; Delgado, 1995; Ladson-Billings & Tate, 1995) and Embedded Group Theory (Alderfer & Smith, 1982) provide useful frameworks for addressing inter-group conflict by offering counter discourse through storytelling. This article also suggests a conceptual framework for HRD to begin theory-building research of its own. The purpose of this article is to address the effect of racial conflict on organizational performance as an issue that needs theoretical support in the foundational theories of HRD. This article examines foundational theories of HRD, suggest a conceptual framework for theory- building research addressing racial conflict, racial groups, organizational groups, and performance outcomes, discuss why HRD should be concerned with racial conflict, and review theories and research from other fields that might be useful in addressing the topic. The following research questions are addressed: 1. What foundational theories of HRD inform racial conflict among work groups? 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Journalism Is Not a Crime” Violations of Media Freedom in Ethiopia WATCH
    HUMAN RIGHTS “Journalism Is Not a Crime” Violations of Media Freedom in Ethiopia WATCH “Journalism Is Not a Crime” Violations of Media Freedom in Ethiopia Copyright © 2015 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-32279 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org 2 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | JANUARY 2015 JANUARY 2015 978-1-6231-32279 “Journalism Is Not a Crime” Violations of Media Freedoms in Ethiopia Glossary of Abbreviations ................................................................................................... i Map of Ethiopia .................................................................................................................. ii Summary ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia COI Compilation
    BEREICH | EVENTL. ABTEILUNG | WWW.ROTESKREUZ.AT ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation Ethiopia: COI Compilation November 2019 This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared within a specified time frame on the basis of publicly available documents as well as information provided by experts. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. © Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD An electronic version of this report is available on www.ecoi.net. Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD Wiedner Hauptstraße 32 A- 1040 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 58 900 – 582 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.redcross.at/accord This report was commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Division of International Protection. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 4 1 Background information ......................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Geographical information .................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Map of Ethiopia ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Racial Domination?
    STATE OF THE ART WHAT IS RACIAL DOMINATION? Matthew Desmond Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin—Madison Mustafa Emirbayer Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin—Madison Abstract When students of race and racism seek direction, they can find no single comprehensive source that provides them with basic analytical guidance or that offers insights into the elementary forms of racial classification and domination. We believe the field would benefit greatly from such a source, and we attempt to offer one here. Synchronizing and building upon recent theoretical innovations in the area of race, we lend some conceptual clarification to the nature and dynamics of race and racial domination so that students of the subjects—especially those seeking a general (if economical) introduction to the vast field of race studies—can gain basic insight into how race works as well as effective (and fallacious) ways to think about racial domination. Focusing primarily on the American context, we begin by defining race and unpacking our definition. We then describe how our conception of race must be informed by those of ethnicity and nationhood. Next, we identify five fallacies to avoid when thinking about racism. Finally, we discuss the resilience of racial domination, concentrating on how all actors in a society gripped by racism reproduce the conditions of racial domination, as well as on the benefits and drawbacks of approaches that emphasize intersectionality. Keywords: Race, Race Theory, Racial Domination, Inequality, Intersectionality INTRODUCTION Synchronizing and building upon recent theoretical innovations in the area of race, we lend some conceptual clarification to the nature and dynamics of race and racial domination, providing in a single essay a source through which thinkers—especially those seeking a general ~if economical! introduction to the vast field of race studies— can gain basic insight into how race works as well as effective ways to think about racial domination.
    [Show full text]
  • Ch 12: Aggression
    13 Aggression and conflict What’s it about? (Social Psychology pp. 482–525) Conflict is seen as the perceived incompatibility of goals, where what is wanted by one group may be against the desires of another group. Aggression is defined by social psychologists as a behaviour whose immediate intent is to hurt someone. There are generally two distinct categories of aggression: instrumental aggression and hostile aggression. Group norms often promote aggressive behavior rather than restraining it. Models can reduce aggression, but often also enhance it. Factors that increase the chances of aggression include emotional arousal, alcohol, and time pressure, but similarity reduces aggression. The realistic conflict theory argues that intergroup hostility, conflict, and aggression arise from competition among groups for mastery of scarce but valued material resources. The relative deprivation theory suggests that social comparison, not objective reality, determines how satisfied or dissatisfied people are with what they have. Approaches to reduce aggression and conflict include minimizing or removing aggressive cues; altering perceptions; encouraging cooperation; encouraging careful interpretation and identification with others; trying to find mutually acceptable solutions; or working together toward a shared goal. Negotiation is reciprocal communication designed to reach agreement in situations where some interests are shared, and some are in opposition. Superordinate goals are shared goals that can be attained only if groups work cooperatively
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Regional Economic Communities In
    Global Journal of Political Science and Administration Vol.6, No.1, pp.19-29, February 2018 ___Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) THE ROLE OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC COMMUNITIES IN CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF IGAD’S PEACE PROCESS IN SOUTH SUDAN Muhabie Mekonnen Mengistu Institute of Governance, Humanities and Social Sciences, Pan African University, Yaoundé, Cameroon ABSTRACT: Nowadays, most Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in Africa are playing a crucial role in maintaining peace and security in Africa through resolving conflicts in a democratic and civilized way. Being one of the major building blocks recognized by African Union, IGAD is striving for sustaining peace and security throughout its turbulent and conflict raging operational area. In view of that, the objective of this paper is thus to assess the role of RECs in resolving conflicts in the case of IGAD’s peace process in South Sudan. To meet the objective of the study, secondary sources of data were utilized. After gathering the necessary data, qualitative methods of data analysis were employed to discuss, analyze and drawing inferences. Accordingly, the results of the study show that IGAD and its extension IGAD-PLUS had lightened some hopes in opening up ways for negotiation of the warring parties. Meanwhile, the peace process is heavily challenged by factors such as the strong need of the Uganda’s troop to stay in South Sudan, the deep division and rivalry among the regional powers, the reluctance of the warring parties and the poor institutionalization of IGAD. Hence, primarily, IGAD should use any means possible to withdraw the Uganda’s military force from the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Nonnative Accents and Conflict Management
    Nonnative Accents and Conflict Management: The Mediating Roles of Stereotype Threat, Regulatory Focus, and Conflict Behaviors on Conflict Outcomes Regina Kim Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2017 © 2017 Regina Kim All rights reserved ABSTRACT Nonnative Accents and Conflict Management: The Mediating Roles of Stereotype Threat, Regulatory Focus, and Conflict Behaviors on Conflict Outcomes Regina Kim The proposed study explores the experiences of nonnative speakers when they interact with native speakers in conflict situations. The aim of the study is to test if nonnative speakers experience stereotype threat when interacting with native speakers in conflict situations and, if so, to examine how stereotype threat affects their regulatory focus, conflict behaviors, and outcomes. A serial mediation model with three mediators (stereotype threat, regulatory focus, conflict behaviors) will be tested. This study contributes to the field of organizational psychology and conflict studies by 1) extending stereotype threat literature and examining nonnative speakers as a social identity group that experiences stereotype threat, 2) exploring the effects of stereotype threat in a conflict context, and 3) extending workforce diversity literature and examining language diversity in relation to conflict-related behaviors and outcomes in organizational settings. The findings from the proposed study offer
    [Show full text]