DOCSLIB.ORG

Social Identities in Chimu Times: a Bioarchaeological Analysis of Burials from Chayhuac Walled Complex in Chan Chan Site, Peru

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Social Identities in Chimu Times: a Bioarchaeological Analysis of Burials from Chayhuac Walled Complex in Chan Chan Site, Peru Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 9-20-2018 1:00 PM Social Identities in Chimu Times: A Bioarchaeological Analysis of Burials from Chayhuac Walled Complex in Chan Chan site, Peru Katya Valladares The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Nelson, Andrew The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Anthropology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Arts © Katya Valladares 2018 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Valladares, Katya, "Social Identities in Chimu Times: A Bioarchaeological Analysis of Burials from Chayhuac Walled Complex in Chan Chan site, Peru" (2018). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 5843. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/5843 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract This thesis is a bioarchaeological study of a sample of Chimu individuals from the site of Chan Chan, the capital of the Chimu polity (900-1470 AD) on the North coast of Peru. This study analyzes the funerary treatment, material culture and osteological remains of 30 individuals buried in three different funerary settings within the Chayhuac Walled Complex in Chan Chan, to explore the hypothesis that the individuals were part of a singular social group that shared similar dimensions of identity, and it seeks to understand why they were interred there after the Chayhuac Walled Complex’s original function ended. This thesis uses the framework of identity studies in Bioarchaeology, grounded in the gender archaeology and social memory approaches. The results suggest that these individuals shared a unique set of identities and that their interment was related to their collective identities, the importance of the monument and the construction of social memory. Keywords Chimu, Chan Chan, Chayhuac, Bioarchaeology, identities, social memory. i Acknowledgement I would like to deeply thank my supervisor, Andrew Nelson, for his constant guidance, support and patience, and my advisor Jean-Francois Millaire, for his always interesting comments and relevant suggestions to my research. Special thanks to my committee, Andrea Waters-Rist for her suggestions and for being always eager to kindly provide her time and knowledge, and John Topic for his insight in Chan Chan archaeology. Special thanks to my former professor Rafael Vega-Centeno and my little family EPAF (Equipo Peruano de Antropología Forense) for supporting this endeavor since the beginning. My gratitude to Carol Mackey for her invaluable insight on the Chimu pottery style. I would also like to acknowledge the Brignardello Scholarship IFEA- UMIFRE 17 MAEDI/CNRS USR 3337 America Latina for partially funding this research. I am deeply thankful to the Proyecto Especial Complejo Arqueológico Chan Chan. I have been fortunate to be part of the team project and to have had the opportunity to conduct this research. Many thanks to Nadia Gamarra for supporting my research allowing me the access to the materials and images, and Grace Ramirez for her constant help facilitating that access during the analysis of the remains and for providing me with many reports, maps, photographic records, every time I needed it, over and over, I am sorry for driving you crazy. I am truly grateful with the Chan Chan team for sharing their knowledge, experience, passion and commitment to the north coast archaeology, my special thanks to Anderson Sernaqué, Lucio Mora, Fabian Soberón, Dennis Correa, Doris Rodriguez, Feren Castillo and Luchito Sánchez for always clarifying my many inquiries. My gratitude to my (whole) family and friends is limitless. My deepest gratitude to my parents for their unconditional support. I am forever grateful to my beautiful mom, the touchstone that makes me keep going and trying to do my best. Thanks to my brothers, Mañu, who helped in so many ways, and Saul, who is always with me. Many thanks to my beautiful aunts for making it so that financial issues were not a barrier to keep studying. I do hope that one day education will not be a privilege just for a few. My gratitude to Elsi Tomasto for always replying my desperate emails with patience and affection. Many thanks to my dear and longstanding friend Carlos Viviano, who ii helped me with my undergrad research in the Huaca San Marcos and is now giving me a hand with all the statistical analyses. All the mistakes are of course mine. I am deeply grateful for having had the joy to meet these amazing international students and their wonderful partners, and share our stories, joys and struggles: Jaime, Ulises, Sebastian B., Akumbu, Sharmitsha, Fatima, Maria Laura, Luis Miguel, Sebastian, Gabriela, Marie, Yarubi, Maritza and Javier. I hope we cross paths again. Abdullah, Beatriz and Carolina, your friendship is one of the best things I got from these two years. I am forever grateful for meeting you, guys. Many thanks to Rachel, Emily, Alex and Kara, for being in the up and downs of grad school. My deepest gratitude to Randa Farah, thanks for being a wonderful professor, and above that, for your kindness and warm heart. I am deeply thankful to my aunt Fanny for helping me reach a welcoming landing in a new country. Many thanks to Lita and Jack for hosting me and helping me with the transition, never an easy endeavor. My endless gratitude to Angela and Sergio for all their generous support since day one and up to the last day, and many thanks to Lynda and German for making my time in London easier and more joyful. Many thanks to my dear friends for giving me a hand in different ways and in different moments, and for being my emotional support, to Oscar Loyola, Roxana Lazo, Nati Lopez, Sami Yrazabal, Maricarmen Vega, Raul Greenwich, George Chauca, my little cousin Diego Bolo, and special thanks to Ruy Escobar and my beta reader Marce Lumbreras for always helping me beyond duty and against the clock. Thanks to my lifelong comrades Lizeth, Lisbeth and Grace for always being there, your friendship grounds me. I never got to download tinder, hope you can forgive me. Finally, thanks to Marce, again, and the fandom for keeping me sane when duties were overwhelming. iii Table of Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgement ..................................................................................................... ii Table of Contents ...................................................................................................... iv List of Tables ........................................................................................................... vii List of Figures ........................................................................................................... ix List of Appendices ................................................................................................... xii Chapter 1 .................................................................................................................... 1 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2 .................................................................................................................... 4 2 Archaeological Context and Background ............................................................. 4 2.1 Archaeology of the Chimu society ................................................................ 4 2.1.1 Social and political changes in Late Horizon .................................... 8 2.2 Chan Chan: Archaeological Context ............................................................. 9 2.3 Chimu funerary contexts and human remains data ...................................... 17 2.4 Previous studies of human remains at Chan Chan ....................................... 20 Chapter 3 .................................................................................................................. 24 3 Theoretical Framework ....................................................................................... 24 3.1 Bioarchaeological studies of identity ........................................................... 24 3.2 Gender Archaeology .................................................................................... 26 3.3 Social memory ............................................................................................. 28 Chapter 4 .................................................................................................................. 31 4 Materials and Methods ........................................................................................ 31 4.1 Materials and Archaeological Context......................................................... 31 4.1.1 Burials in Unit 1 ............................................................................... 34 4.1.2 Burials in Unit 2 ............................................................................... 37 4.1.3 Burials in Unit 13 ............................................................................. 40 iv 4.2 Methods.......................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ANDEAN PREHISTORY – Online Course ANTH 396-003 (3 Credits
    ANTH 396-003 1 Andean Prehistory Summer 2017 Syllabus ANDEAN PREHISTORY – Online Course ANTH 396-003 (3 credits) – Summer 2017 Meeting Place and Time: Robinson Hall A, Room A410, Tuesdays, 4:30 – 7:10 PM Instructor: Dr. Haagen Klaus Office: Robinson Hall B Room 437A E-Mail: [email protected] Phone: (703) 993-6568 Office Hours: T,R: 1:15- 3PM, or by appointment Web: http://soan.gmu.edu/people/hklaus - Required Textbook: Quilter, Jeffrey (2014). The Ancient Central Andes. Routledge: New York. - Other readings available on Blackboard as PDFs. COURSE OBJECTIVES AND CONTENTS This seminar offers an updated synthesis of the development, achievements, and the material, organizational and ideological features of pre-Hispanic cultures of the Andean region of western South America. Together, they constituted one of the most remarkable series of civilizations of the pre-industrial world. Secondary objectives involve: appreciation of (a) the potential and limitations of the singular Andean environment and how human inhabitants creatively coped with them, (b) economic and political dynamism in the ancient Andes (namely, the coast of Peru, the Cuzco highlands, and the Titicaca Basin), (c) the short and long-term impacts of the Spanish conquest and how they relate to modern-day western South America, and (d) factors and conditions that have affected the nature, priorities, and accomplishments of scientific Andean archaeology. The temporal coverage of the course span some 14,000 years of pre-Hispanic cultural developments, from the earliest hunter-gatherers to the Spanish conquest. The primary spatial coverage of the course roughly coincides with the western half (coast and highlands) of the modern nation of Peru – with special coverage and focus on the north coast of Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • Daily Life at Cerro León, an Early Intermediate Period Highland Settlement in the Moche Valley, Peru
    DAILY LIFE AT CERRO LEÓN, AN EARLY INTERMEDIATE PERIOD HIGHLAND SETTLEMENT IN THE MOCHE VALLEY, PERU Jennifer Elise Ringberg A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology. Chapel Hill 2012 Approved by: Brian R. Billman Vincas Steponaitis C. Margaret Scarry Patricia McAnany John Scarry Jeffrey Quilter UMI Number: 3545543 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3545543 Published by ProQuest LLC (2012). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 © 2012 Jennifer Elise Ringberg ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT JENNIFER ELISE RINGBERG: Daily Life at Cerro León, an Early Intermediate Period Highland Settlement in the Moche Valley, Peru (Under the direction of Brian R. Billman) In this dissertation I examine the cultural identity and social dynamics of individuals in households through the activities and objects of daily life. The households I study are at Cerro León, an Early Intermediate period (EIP) (400 B.C. to A.D. 800) settlement in the middle Moche valley, Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • Course Description Famous for the Inka Site of Machu Picchu, Peru
    University of South Dakota Faculty Led Program- Summer 2017 Peruvian Archaeology: The Inkas and their Ancestors (ANTH 490) Course Description Famous for the Inka site of Machu Picchu, Peru has a fascinating prehistory that goes deeper in time from the origins of animal and plant domestication to the development of early states like the Moche and the Wari. This course is a survey of the ancient cultures and main archaeological sites of the central Andes including Chavín de Huántar and its religious center, Nazca and its famous lines, Huacas de Moche and its hyper- realistic ceramics, Huari and Pikillaqta and their high walled compounds, Chan Chan and its adobe citadel, and Macchu Picchu and Sacsayhuaman and their fine stone architecture. Topics will include the origins of plant and animal domestication, ceremonial and domestic architecture, ritual and religion, and the formation of state and empires. While we will mainly discuss the material culture (architecture, ceramics, human and animal bones, stone tools) excavated from archaeological sites ethnohistoric and ethnographic sources (maps, manuscripts, drawings, folklore, oral traditions) will also be incorporated when appropriate. The course will also include guided visits to museums and archaeological sites in and nearby Lima. Learning outcomes After taking this course students should be familiar with the sites, chronology, and major debates of Peruvian archaeology and more specifically, they should be able to: Describe the ecological diversity and the adaptation of the diverse prehispanic cultures of Peru Explain the origins of agriculture, animal domestication, and social complexity- including states and empires that took place in Prehispanic Peru. Identify some of the material culture of the most recognizable prehispanic groups of Peru Demonstrate spatial and chronological knowledge of the Prehispanic cultures of Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Priests and Pelicans: Religion in Northern Peru
    Of Priests and Pelicans: Religion in Northern Peru Kennedi Bloomquist I am standing in the far corner of the Plaza des Armas, excitement racing through my chest. Along the roads surrounding the plaza are long brilliant murals made of colorful flower petals lined with young school girls in bright red jumpsuits, their eyes following my every movement. A cool breeze whips around stirring the array of magenta, turquoise, royal purple, orange and various shades of green petals. 20 tall arches placed between the various flower murals are covered with bright yellow flowers (yellow symbolizes renewal and hope) spotted with white (white symbolizes reverence and virtue) and fuchsia (fuchsia symbolizes joy) roses. A stage has been erected in the street in front of the mustard yellow Trujillo Cathedral. In the center of the stage is an altar with a statue of Christ on the cross with an elaborate motif hanging on the back wall with angels carrying a large ornate crown. A band plays loud and wildly out of tune Christian salsa music to the side of the stage. A large golden sign reading Corpus Christi sits along the top of the building sidled up against the Cathedral. The feeling permeating throughout the square is carefree and peaceful. As I wander through the crowd, I cannot stop smiling at all the people dancing, shaking their hands to the sky. Some spin in circles, while others just clap their hands smiling towards the heavens. Next to me an older woman in a simple church outfit with a zebra print scarf holds a JHS (Jesus Hominum Savitore) sign in one hand and reaches for the sky with her other hand, shuffling back and forth.
    [Show full text]
  • Duccio Bonavia Berber (March 27, 1935-August 4, 2012) Ramiro Matos Mendieta Smithsonian Institution, [email protected]
    Andean Past Volume 11 Article 9 12-15-2013 Duccio Bonavia Berber (March 27, 1935-August 4, 2012) Ramiro Matos Mendieta Smithsonian Institution, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/andean_past Recommended Citation Matos Mendieta, Ramiro (2013) "Duccio Bonavia Berber (March 27, 1935-August 4, 2012)," Andean Past: Vol. 11 , Article 9. Available at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/andean_past/vol11/iss1/9 This Obituaries is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Andean Past by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DUCCIO BONAVIA BERBER (MARCH 27, 1935-AUGUST 4, 2012) Ramiro Matos Mendieta National Museum of the American Indian Smithsonian Institution Portrait of Duccio Bonavia Berber courtesy of the Bonavia family Duccio Bonavia Berber died at dawn, at the I can imagine that Duccio had a premoni- age of seventy-seven, on Saturday, August 4, tion of his death. During conversations in June, 2012, in Ascope, Department of Trujillo, Peru. less than two months before he died, uncharac- Death surprised him while he was carrying out teristically, he emphasized his worries about his the last phase of his field-work at Huaca Prieta, life, and the serious problems that Tom would Magdalena de Cao, on Peru’s north coast. His face if there were a death in the field, as well as research project at the emblematic site was co- those of his daughter and son, because of the directed with Tom Dillehay of Vanderbilt Uni- distance, and even the effect such an event versity.
    [Show full text]
  • Japanese Researchon Andean Prehistory
    JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society of Cultural Anthropology Japanese Review of Culturat AnthropolDgy, vol.3, 2002 Japanese Research on Andean Prehistory ONuKI Yoshio The Little World Museum of Man Abstract The study of Andean prehistory by Japanese anthropologists began in 1958 when the first scientific expedition was carried out. The principal objective ofthis project was research on the origins ofAndean civilization. The project has continued for over 45 years, and many Japanese specialists have partieipated in it. They have not only excavated more than ten archaeological sites in Peru, but have also made many contributions to the advancement of Andean prehistorM both in data and theory, This article summarizes the history of this research in relation to theoretical trends in the discipline, and ends with some comments about the relationship between the researchers and the local people. Key words: Andean archaeology; Peruvian prehistory; Formative period; Kotosh; Kuntur Wasi; origins of civilization; Andean civilization; Chavin The Beginning In 1937, [Ibrii Ryuzo (1870-1953) was sent to Brazil as a cultural envoy by the Japanese government. After completing this mission, he made a trip to Peru and Bolivia to become acquainted with the many archaeological sites and materials to be found there. There is no doubt that he was fascinated by prehistoric Andean civilization, and he began to find out about it by visiting archaeological sites, by meeting Peruvian and Bolivian archaeologists, and also by reading seme of the literature available at that time. He met Julio C. [[bllo at an excavation at the Cerro Sechin site, on the Central Coast of Peru, after which he visited Chan Chan on the NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofCulturalof Cultural Anthropology 58 ONuKIY]shio North Coast, Here he got to know Rafael Larco Hoyle, and learned about the dispute between these two pioneers ef Peruvian archaeology over the origins ofthe Andean civilization.
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematics and Architecture of the Incas in Peru
    AC 2011-2240: MATHEMATICS AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE INCAS IN PERU Cheri Shakiban, University of St. Thomas I am a professor of mathematics at the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota, where I have been a faculty member since 1983. I received my Ph.D. in 1979 from Brown University in Formal Cal- culus of Variations. My recent area of research is mostly in computer vision, with applications to object recognition. My publications are in diverse areas of mathematics and engineering. I love to work with undergraduate students, in particular, underrepresented students, to get them involved in doing research in mathematics and encourage them to give conference presentations/posters and submit their work for publication. In addition to teaching regular math courses, I also like to create and teach innovative courses such as ”Mathematical symmetry of Southern Spain” and ”Mathematics and Architecture of the Incas in Peru”, which I have taught as study abroad courses several times. Michael P. Hennessey, University of St. Thomas Michael P. Hennessey (Mike) joined the full-time faculty as an Assistant Professor fall semester 2000. He is an expert in machine design, computer-aided-engineering, and in the kinematics, dynamics, and control of mechanical systems, along with related areas of applied mathematics. Presently, he has published 41 technical papers (published or accepted), in journals (9), conferences (31), or magazines (1). In 2006 he was tenured and promoted to the rank of Associate Professor. Mike gained 10 years of industrial and academic research lab experience at 3M, FMC, and the University of Minnesota prior to embarking on an academic career at Rochester Institute of Technology (3 years) and Minnesota State University, Mankato (2 years).
    [Show full text]
  • Peru's Business and Investment Guide 2015 / 2016
    Peru's Business and Investment Guide 2015 / 2016 Costa Verde, Miraflores - Lima. Photo: Carlos Ibarra l © PromPeru The Citadel of Machu Picchu, Cuzco. Photo: Enrique Castro-Mendivil l © PromPeru Steelworker. l © EY Wooden idol in front of a mud wall at the Citadel of Chan Chan, La Libertad - Trujillo. Photo: Heinz Plenge Pardo l PromPeru © Peru's Business and Investment Guide 2015 / 2016 Contacts I EY Peru Paulo Pantigoso Country Managing Partner Phone: +51 1 411 4418 [email protected] • Advisory Jorge Acosta Advisory Leader Elder Cama Victor Menghi Phone: +51 1 411 4437 Phone: +51 1 411 4444 Ext. 16102 Phone: +51 1 411 2121 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Numa Arellano Rafael Huaman Renato Urdaneta Phone: +51 1 411 4428 Phone: +51 1 411 4443 Phone: +51 1 411 4438 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Jose Carlos Bellina Alejandro Magdits Raul Vasquez Phone: +51 1 411 4444 Ext. 16117 Phone: +51 1 411 4453 Phone: +51 1 411 4415 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] • Assurance Juan Paredes Assurance Leader Elizabeth Fontenla Antonio Sanchez Phone: +51 1 411 4410 Phone: +51 1 411 4436 Phone: +51 1 411 4404 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Victor Burga Ariel Garcia Simona Settineri Phone: +51 1 411 4419 Phone: +51 1 411 4454 Phone +51 1 411 4402 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Victor Camarena Cesar Lucas Mireille Silva Phone: +51 1 411 4488
    [Show full text]
  • SPECIAL PROGRAM ALL ROUTE Lima / Huaraz / Trujillo / CHAN CHAN / Chiclayo / Lord of Sipan / Chimbote / Cajamarca / Baños Del Inca (11 Days / 10 Nights)
    SPECIAL PROGRAM ALL ROUTE Lima / Huaraz / Trujillo / CHAN CHAN / Chiclayo / Lord of Sipan / Chimbote / Cajamarca / Baños Del Inca (11 Days / 10 Nights) Day 01.- LIMA Reception and transfer from airport to hotel in Lima. Accommodation in Lima DAY 02.- LIMA / HUARAZ BREAKFAST at the Hotel. 08:00 AM. Departure with destination to Huaraz City. The second largest city in population and economic activity in the Central Andes of Peru, after the City of Huancayo, in the post 22 of the most populous cities in the country. Huaraz is popularly known as the Peruvian Switzerland by being located around the towering snowy mountains of the Cordillera Blanca. Optional - > Visit to the ruins of Caral, is approximately 5000 years old and is considered by UNESCO as Cultural heritage of humanity and is considered the most ancient civilization in America. Transfer to the Hotel. Accommodation DAY 03.- RUINS OF CHAVIN DE HUANTAR BREAKFAST at the Hotel. 08:00 AM. We will visit the archeological monument of Chavín de Huántar. Declared as World Heritage, was a point of pre-Inca passage from the coast into the jungle, which led to its growth and importance in the collection of supplies and transit of goods. It was the administrative and religious center of the chavin culture, built and occupied approximately between the years 1500-300 BC (Andean formative). Their structures, shape of a truncated pyramid, are built with stone and mortar of mud. The most imposing structure is known as "The Castle", also called "Templo Mayor" or "New temple". It is an outstanding example of the art of building of the ancient Peruvians by the high degree of perfection reached in the field of engineering, in the carving and polished stones and lito it sculpture associated with its architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • Peru and the Next Machu Picchu
    Global Heritage Fund Peru and the Next Machu Picchu: Exploring Chavín and Marcahuamachuco October 10 - 20, 2012 Global Heritage Fund Peru and the Next Machu Picchu: Exploring Chavín and Marcahuamachuco October 10 - 20, 2012 Clinging to the Andes, between the parched coastal desert and the lush expanse of the Amazon rainforest, Peru is far more than Machu Picchu alone. For thou- sands of years, long before the arrival of the Inca, the region was home to more than 20 major cultures, all of them leaving behind clues to their distinctive identities. With more than 14,000 registered archaeological and heritage sites, Peru has a well-deserved reputation as a veritable treasure-trove for anyone interested in ancient cultures and archaeology. Ancient, colonial, and modern Peru is a country with many faces. In the com- pany of Global Heritage Fund staff, encounter some of Peru’s most remarkable FEATURING: civilizations through the objects, structures, and archaeological clues that con- Dr. John W. Rick tinue to be uncovered. Associate Professor of Anthropology Stanford University John Rick is an associate professor of anthropology at Stanford University and also serves as Curator of Anthropology at the Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for the Visual Arts, Stanford University. He earned his Ph.D. from Michigan in 1978. His interests in- clude prehistoric archaeology and anthropology of band-level hunter-gatherers, stone tool studies, analytical methodology, animal domestication and Pachacamac, Peru. South American archaeology. Dr. Rick has been di- Trip Highlights recting the excavations at the UNESCO World Heri- tage Site of Chavín de Huántar since 1995.
    [Show full text]
  • Machu Picchu & Sacred Valley
    READING GUIDE MACHU PICCHU & SACRED VALLEY ere is a brief selection of favorite, new and hard-to-find books, prepared for your journey. For your convenience, you may call (800) 342-2164 to order these books directly from Longitude, a specialty mail- Horder book service. To order online, and to get the latest, most comprehensive selection of books for your voyage, go directly to reading.longitudebooks.com/UA2588. Lima 2000 ESSENTIAL Inca Trail: Machu Picchu, Sacred Item EXPRU136. Buy these 5 items as a set for $101 Valley, Cusco Map 2009 MAP $13.95 including shipping, 15% off the retail price. With free , , This fact-filled map shows the whole of the shipping on anything else you order. Sacred Valley, from Cusco to Ollantaytambo Hiram Bingham and Machu Picchu, on one side and, on the Lost City of the Incas reverse, the area surrounding the sanctuary in splendid topographic detail (1:50,000). (Item 2003, PAPER, 286 PAGES, $17.99 This first-rate adventure story by the man who PRU28) brought Machu Picchu to the attention of the world is not just a gripping tale of exploration ALSO RECOMMENDED and archaeology, it also sets the scene for any visitor to the site. (Item AND05) Borch Maps Mike Torrey Peru Map Stone Offerings 2014, MAP, PAGES, $11.95 A detailed laminated relief map of Peru at 2009, HARD COVER, 143 PAGES, $40.00 Torrey captures the dramatic setting, solitude a scale of 1:1,750,000. This is a very clear, and intricate construction of the Inca site colorful map, which also features detailed of Machu Picchu in 100 striking color insets of Lima and Cuzco and even a site plan photographs taken over a few days at summer of Machu Picchu.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of Chimú Metalworks on Inca Metalworks
    The Kennesaw Journal of Undergraduate Research Volume 5 Issue 2 College of the Arts Special Issue Article 1 October 2017 The Influence of Chimú Metalworks on Inca Metalworks Maria Shah Kennesaw State University, [email protected] Hannah Pelfrey Kennesaw State University, [email protected] Jessica J. Stephenson Kennesaw State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/kjur Part of the American Art and Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Shah, Maria; Pelfrey, Hannah; and Stephenson, Jessica J. (2017) "The Influence of Chimú Metalworks on Inca Metalworks," The Kennesaw Journal of Undergraduate Research: Vol. 5 : Iss. 2 , Article 1. DOI: 10.32727/25.2019.23 Available at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/kjur/vol5/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Office of Undergraduate Research at DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Kennesaw Journal of Undergraduate Research by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Shah et al.: The Influence of Chimú Metalworks on Inca Metalworks The Influence of Chimú Metalworks on Inca Metalworks Maria Shah, Hannah Pelfrey, and Jessica Stephenson (Faculty Advisor) Kennesaw State University ABSTRACT One of the cornerstones of art history is the attribution of art work to an artist, culture or time period. Art historians perform this work through a number of methods, including an analysis of medium, provenance, and object history, with the goal of placing a work within a chronological sequence. However, art historical attribution becomes a challenge when studying lesser known cultures or cultures of the past whose art works have been removed from archaeological contexts without rigorous study.
    [Show full text]