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Programa De Monitoreo Anual PROGRAMA DE MONITOREO ANUAL EN EL MARCO DEL PROYECTO “TRANSFORMACIÓN DE LAS LAGUNAS DE ESTABILIZACIÓN DE LOS MUERMOS EN LODOS ACTIVADOS” ESSAL S.A. Realizado por Abril 2019 ÍNDICE INDICE DE TABLAS ...................................................................................................................................... 3 INDICE DE FIGURAS .................................................................................................................................... 3 RESUMEN ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 1. INTRODUCCIÓN .............................................................................................................................. 5 1.1. Aspectos generales ............................................................................................................................... 5 1.2. Aspectos normativos ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.3. Cuerpo de agua receptor ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.4. Variables ambientales ........................................................................................................................... 6 1.5. Entidades participantes ......................................................................................................................... 7 2. OBJETIVOS ....................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1. Objetivo general ................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. Objetivo específico ............................................................................................................................... 8 3. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS .......................................................................................................... 9 3.1. Sitio de muestreo y ubicación de estaciones......................................................................................... 9 3.2. Procedimiento de muestreo ................................................................................................................ 11 3.2.1. Ictiofauna ............................................................................................................................................ 11 3.3. Método de análisis .............................................................................................................................. 12 4. RESULTADOS ................................................................................................................................. 13 4.1. Ictiofauna ............................................................................................................................................ 13 5. DISCUSIÓN ...................................................................................................................................... 15 7. REFERENCIAS ............................................................................................................................... 18 8. ANEXOS ........................................................................................................................................... 20 2 Programa de monitoreo anual “Transformación de las lagunas de Estabilización de Los Muermos en Lodos Activados” RCA N°90/2002, ESSAL S.A. INDICE DE TABLAS Tabla 1. Resumen de componentes, subcomponentes, variables y parámetros ambientales asociados al monitoreo de la empresa ESSAL.S.A., para el estero El Clavito. ...................................................................... 7 Tabla 2. Ubicación geográfica (coordenadas UTM, Huso H-18S, WGS 84) de las transectas en el estero El Clavito, sector de Los Muermos, provincia de Llanquihue. ............................................................................... 9 Tabla 3. Resultados de la ictiofauna encontrada en el área de estudio y su origen biogeográfico................... 13 Tabla 4. Abundancia total y parámetros poblacionales de la íctiofauna colectada en el área de estudio del estero El Clavito. ......................................................................................................................................................... 14 Tabla 5. Estado de conservación de la ictiofauna nativa encontrada en el área de estudio asociada al monitoreo de la empresa ESSAL S.A., en el estero El Clavito, comuna de Los Muermos, región de Los Lagos. ............ 14 Tabla 6. Comparativa presencia/ausencia de la ictiofauna en las estaciones asociadas al programa de monitoreo de la empresa ESSAL S.A., en el estero El Clavito, sector de Los Muermos. ................................................. 16 INDICE DE FIGURAS Figura 1. Transectas de monitoreo ubicadas en el cuerpo de agua receptor del estero El Clavito, Comuna de Los Muermos, región de Los Lagos. .................................................................................................................. 9 Figura 2. Registro fotográfico de la colecta de muestras de agua en la transecta E1 del estero El Clavito, comuna de Los Muermos, región de Los Lagos. ........................................................................................................... 10 Figura 3. Registro fotográfico de la colecta de muestras de agua en la transecta E2 estero El Clavito, comuna de Los Muermos, región de Los Lagos. ........................................................................................................... 10 Figura 4. Registro fotográfico de la colecta de muestras de agua en la transecta PD del estero El Clavito, comuna de Los Muermos, región de Los Lagos. .............................................................................................. 11 Figura 5. Determinación de longitud (LT; Figura A) y peso (PT; Figura B) total de la ictiofauna. ................ 12 Figura 6. Ejemplar A: Brachygallaxias bullocki; B: ejemplares capturados de Brachygallaxias bullocki; encontrados en el área de estudio asociada al monitoreo de la empresa ESSAL S.A., en el estero El Clavito, comuna de Los Muermos, región de Los Lagos. .............................................................................................. 13 Figura 7. Número de taxa de ictiofauna. E1 (aguas arriba de la descarga), E2 (aguas debajo de la descarga) y PD (zona de descarga) encontrados en el área de estudio asociada al monitoreo de la empresa ESSAL S.A., en el estero El Clavito, comuna de Los Muermos, región de Los Lagos. ............................................................. 14 Figura 8. Riqueza de especies de ictiofauna histórico presente el estero El Clavito. Las transectas E1 (aguas arriba), E2 (aguas abajo) y PD (zona de descarga). .......................................................................................... 16 3 Programa de monitoreo anual “Transformación de las lagunas de Estabilización de Los Muermos en Lodos Activados” RCA N°90/2002, ESSAL S.A. RESUMEN Se reportan los resultados de la campaña del año 2018 del Programa de monitoreo de biota acuática que lleva a cabo la empresa de Servicios Sanitarios de Los Lagos (ESSAL S.A.), bajo el proyecto “Transformación de las lagunas de Estabilización de Los Muermos en Lodos Activados”. A grandes rasgos, este programa de monitoreo del cuerpo acuático receptor de la planta de tratamiento de aguas servidas (PTAS) de la ciudad de Los Muermos, involucra la caracterización íctica en una estación aguas arriba, aguas abajo y punto de descarga del área de influencia de la descarga de la planta ESSAL S.A., en el estero El Clavito, provincia de Llanquihue, en la región de Los Lagos. El muestreo realizado el día 30 de mayo de 2018 mostró la presencia de la especie de carácter nativo endémico Brachygalaxias bullocki catalogada RCE como especie vulnerable. Finalmente, los resultados registrados cumplen con los requisitos normativos exigidos para el proyecto de la PTAS Los Muermos. 4 Programa de monitoreo anual “Transformación de las lagunas de Estabilización de Los Muermos en Lodos Activados” RCA N°90/2002, ESSAL S.A. 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1. Aspectos generales Las especificaciones de un programa de seguimiento de biota acuática son únicas para cada proyecto y dependerá de lo establecido en su respectiva Resolución de Calificación Ambiental (en adelante, RCA) y en sus modificaciones posteriores. Junto a lo anterior, dicho programa deberá ser capaz de entregar información sobre el comportamiento de aquellos parámetros ambientales, que se estima puedan sufrir alteraciones como resultado de la operación de las instalaciones involucradas en el proyecto o actividad que se requiere estudiar, y con el objeto de detectar otras alteraciones e impactos no previstos, teniendo en cuenta los antecedentes de línea base para considerar oportunamente medidas correctivas adecuadas. El siguiente documento contiene los resultados de la campaña anual del año 2018 del plan de monitoreo ambiental de la empresa ESSAL S.A., donde el monitoreo fue realizado por POCH Chile S.A. y el informe de seguimiento por Ecogestión Ambiental Ltda. 1.2. Aspectos normativos La empresa ESSAL S.A. de acuerdo con el informe técnico de la Declaración de Impacto Ambiental “Transformación de las lagunas de estabilización de Los Muermos en lodos activados”, calificado
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