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CHAPTER XIX the Orders to the Imperial Mounted Division Left A

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CHAPTER XIX the Orders to the Imperial Mounted Division Left A CHAPTER XIX THE SECOND GAZA ENGAGEMENT-confinued. THE orders to the Imperial Mounted Division left a large amount of discretion to General Hodgson. He was to demon- strate strongly against the Atawineh defences, and so hold the enemy on his front and away from Gaza, where the main attack was being made by the infantry. If the opposition was not excessive, his brigades were to push right through-in which case the horses would be brought up and the troops of Desert Column might have done destructive work against the enemy’s rear. Orders which allow such latitude in fulfilment, although often unavoidable, are seldom satisfactory in action. Passed to brigade and from brigade to regiment, they lead, unless communications continue exceptionally good, to different in- terpretations by different leaders. Some regiments will main- tain their advance; others, perhaps on a more difficult sector, will be brought to a halt. At the second Gaza engagement the regiments of the 3rd and 4th Light Horse Brigades met with opposition more formidable than had been anticipated by General Dobell; but all treated the advance as one to be made regardless of cost, and fought on with their utmost strength and ingenuity to reach the Turkish line The advance of Hodgson’s division was to some extent disorganised by the premature action of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade under Royston. The regiments had marched from bivouac in the darkness, crossed the Ghuzze, and, half-choked with the dust raised by the horses, moved forward on compass bearings. They had then deployed, mounted, before dawn, a delicate operation in unknown country, hit here carried out with complete success. Their advance, like that of the rest of the army, was timed for 7.30 a.m. But Royston, owing to some misunderstanding, and in a fashion characteristic of all his impetuous actions, led his regiments forward before dawn until they were one and a half miles in advance of Munkheileh, where the 5th Mounted (Yeomanry) Brigade, which was to conform on their right, was still awaiting orders to move. As the men went forward on foot, they came under fire from 318 19th Apr., 19171 SECOND GAZA ENGAGEMENT 319 Sausage Ridge on their right; as usually happens, they swung towards the Turkish batteries. This brought them on to the yeomanry sector, and at the same time made a gap inevitable between their left and the 4th Light Horse Brigade. At 6.40-nearly an hour before the time appointed for the attack -Hodgson ordered Royston to halt until the yeomanry and the 4th Brigade came up on either side of him. In this engagement the 4th Light Horse Brigade under Meredith, operating between the Camels and Royston’s brigade, had only the 11th and 12th Regiments. It was nevertheless given a full brigade sector, and Meredith from the outset had only two squadrons in reserve. Major K. A. McKenzie,l a capable Duntroon youngster, was this day winning his spurs as brigade-major. The I Ith Regiment under Grant, and the 12th under Lieutenant-Colonel H. McIntosh,2 dismounted at Aseiferiyeh, about two and a half miles from the Atawineh Redoubt. Advancing on the right of the Wady Sihan, McIntosh led his men direct on Atawineh, while Grant, whose sector included the wady, pushed for the Turks between Atawineh and the right of the Camels. A barley crop, gay with red poppies, covered the slopes; the dew had been heavy, and the nien were soon wet above their knees. Moving in column of troops, with the men of the leading wave about ten yards apart, the light horsemen pre- sented, as they always did on foot, a painfully slender force for an assault on substantial and strongly-garrisoned earth- works; and there was not an officer in the brigade, or in the whole division who believed that the enterprise had the faintest chance of success. As they reached a spot afterwards known as “ Two Tree Farm,” where the brigade subsequently established its headquarters, they overran an enemy outpost and took fifty-six prisoners. But shrapnel was now bursting freely over them and, after they had passed the two trees, the Turks swept their line with machine-guns and rifles. At this time Royston, galloping across the open, reported a wide gap between the 3rd and 4th Brigades, and McIntosh’s reserve ‘Lieut-Col K A McKenzie. DSO., GSO.(z) Desert hltd Corps, rgr8/19. Duntroon graduate, of Highton, Geelong, Vic.; b. Brunswick. hlelb., Vic., 6 June, 1893. 9 Lietit.-Col H McIntosh Commanded 12th L H Regt , 1916/17. Grazier, b. Bathurst, N.S.W., 14 June, 1868. Died of wounds, 24 Apr , 1917 320 SINAI AND PALESTINE [Igth Apr., 1917 squadron under Major D. Cameron’ was sent to the right to cover it. This left the 12th Regiment with every man in the line. Cameron’s men made good progress on a wide front, and occupied a ridge directly in front of Atawineh, from which it was about 800 yards distant. So far the men had been marching steadily, without using their rifles ; but, as the Turkish fire became more intense, they went down in the barley and crawled, firing as opportunity offered. Up to this time the advance of the 11th and 12th had gone with great vigour. The Camels and the infantry on the left had attracted most of the enemy’s gun-fire, and, for the moment, the prospect that Meredith’s brigade would reach its objectives appeared promising. But suddenly the enemy machine-gun and rifle to be going well,” said “ x.oo 3c,,o McKenzie afterwards, when ., . YARDS suddenly the whole show melted away-due to sheer dissolution by casualties.” The line was still half-a-mile from the great Atawineh Redoubt on the skyline, and it became clear to Grant and McIntosh that further attempts to push forward, with no prospect of sufficient survivors for a final assault with the bayonet, would not be justified. The line was therefore halted, while, as the men flattened themselves out on the ground, and endeavoured to scratch themselves in, the German machine-gun fire cut the heads off the barley above them. McIntosh, who had gallantly advanced with his two squadrons, was hit by shrapnel pellets, one of which severed an artery in his grnin. ‘Lieut Col. D. Cameron, D.S 0. Commanded 12th L.H. Regt 1g17/1g’ 4th L.H. Bde., temply., 5919. Grazier; of Scone District, N.S W:; b. Rodchell, Aberdeen, N S.\V, 21 Aug., 1878. 19th Apr., 19171 SECOND GAZA ENGAGEMENT 32 1 He was carried out, and the bleeding was stopped; but a night or two afterwards, as he was lying in a hospital train at El Arish, the wound re-opened, and he was found dead in the morning. hZcIntosh had fought at Gallipoli and was a daring leader, niuch loved by his men. Lieutenant E. H. Cross.’ adjutant of the 12th, was wounded soon afterwards; in one of the squadrons every officer was a casualty before IO o’clock. On the extreme left one squadron of the 11th Regiment continued to make slight headway, and, as we have seen. joined up with de Lancey Forth’s Camel battalion. But the punishment was now destructive along the whole front, and Grant was forced to make a slight withdrawal. So far not a sign of Turks had been seen in the earthworks ahead; but, as the British artillery practice on the sector was exceedingly poor, and only an occasional shell was pitching on to Atawineh, the enemy had undisturbed shooting at 800 yards upon the exposed Australian line, Cameron, who had taken over the 12th Regiment, therefore withdrew his two squadrons on the left to conform with the IIth, but kept the squadron on the right on the ridge which they had gained, in the hope that the 3rd Brigade might be able to join up there. But Royston’s regiments were now in similar difficulties further back. All day the 11th and 12th maintained their line. The casualties exceeded 30 per cent. of all ranks, and yet the men continued in the highest spirits. “ There was constant laughter among the barley ” said one of the officers. ‘‘ Our fellows took the heavy casualties almost as a joke. ‘ Stretcher-bearer here,’ shouted a trooper, ‘I have got one in the leg.’ He sat up laughing, and was instantly killed by shrapnel.” When at 7.30 in the evening the line was withdrawn, all but one of the wounded and dead were carried out. At daylight on the Igth, when the 5th Mounted Brigade of the Imperial Mounted Division was about Munkheileh Rijl, and the 4th Light Horse Brigade was to the east of Aseiferiyeh, both still awaiting orders, the 3rd Light Horse Brigade in the centre-having, as has been already stated, advanced dismounted in the darkness-was far up the slope ‘Lieut. E H. Cross, 12th L.H. Regt. Company secretary and accountant; of Sydney, N.S.W.; b. Newcastle. N.S.W., 8 July, 1874. 322 SINAI AND PALESTINE [Igth Apr., 1917 and only about 800 yards from Atawineh. The 9th Regiment was on the right, the 10th on the left, and the 8th, still with its horses, in reserve. The 9th and 10th marched one and a half miles on foot, and it was not until daylight that they discovered their isolation. So far their presence had not been detected by the Turks, but, with the dawn, as they moved through the patches of barley and intervening grassland brilliant with wild flowers, and startled many quail which awakened memories of pleasant sporting days in Australia, they were heavily shelled.
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