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The Practices of Cool Japan As Japan's Cultural

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The Practices of Cool Japan As Japan's Cultural w THE PRACTICES OF COOL JAPAN AS JAPAN’S CULTURAL DIPLOMACY IN RESPONDING TO THE RISE OF THE SOFT POWER OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND REPUBLIC OF KOREA (2010 – 2016) By MARIA FRANGCONNA WENI ID No. 016201300093 A thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor Degree in International Relations Major in Diplomacy Studies January 2017 ABSTRACT Maria Frangconna Weni, International Relations 2013, President University Thesis Title: Responding to the Rise of the Soft Power of Republic of Korea (2010-2016) Republic of Korea (ROK), there is also an increased focus on their soft power capability. Both states in East Asia are rallying to increase their soft power capability to further achieve their respective national interests. Japan, which also lies in close proximity to the two states and have historical enmity with them has been stagnant in terms of both of its economy and soft power capability. As a result, to increase its soft power capability, Japan has been galvanizing its Cultural Diplomacy policies as part of its Public Diplomacy in order to achieve growth in its Soft Power capability and reach, which will also spur Jap economy. Keywords: Japan, Cool Japan, Soft Power, Cultural Diplomacy, East Asia iv ABSTRAK Maria Frangconna Weni, International Relations 2013, President University Judul Penelitian: in Respon and Republic of Korea (2010-2016) Dengan adanya pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkembang cepat oleh Republik Rakyat Cina (RRC) dan Republik Korea (ROK), terjadi pula peningkatan fokus pada kemampuan soft power dari mereka. Kedua negara yang terletak di kawasan Asia Timur tersebut berusaha untuk meningkatkan kemampuan soft power mereka untuk mencapai kepentingan nasional masing-masing. Jepang, yang juga terletak dekat dengan kedua negara tersebut dan pernah memiliki permusuhan historis kedua negara baik RRC maupun ROK, mengalami stagnan baik dari segi ekonomi maupun kemampuan soft power. Akibatnya, untuk meningkatkan kemampuan soft power-nya, Jepang telah menggembleng kebijakan Diplomasi Budaya sebagai bagian dari Diplomasi Publik dalam rangka mencapai pertumbuhan dalam kemampuan soft power dan mencapai, yang juga akan memacu ekonomi Jepang. Kata kunci: Jepang, Cool Japan, Soft Power, Diplomasi Kebudayaan, Asia Timur v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT After long struggle and tears against all the challenges during my thesis period, finally this journey is coming to an end. This thesis would be really impossible without every support and help for many people that contribute their time to giving limitless support and help. Foremost, I would like to dedicate my gratitude to Jesus Christ for listening all my prayers and always know what the best for me. All of my life basically a constant struggle but He never leave me and Mother Mary who always right beside me and pray for me, thank you very much. Second, I would like to give my huge gratitude for my parents for their supports morally and financially, for my dad Ferdinandus Ngayu and my mom Christina Lamiah. Thank you for everything, our struggle finally comes to an end dad and mom! Also for my lovely grandma: Maria Dinah. You are literally the world to me, no one can replace your love and vice versa, I love you nek, forever and always. For my aunt, Maria Menge and also my uncle, Urbanus Bebi. Thank you for all your support morally and financially; thank you for listening all my random thoughts and your constant prayers during this thesis period. For Kevin and Lia, my siblings for asking tons of unimportant questions during phone call that indirectly boost my mood. Third, for my lovely supervisors: Sir Reza, Miss Isyana and my examiner, Sir Wattimena. Ah, what will I be without all of you? Thank you for your guidance, I really appreciate that. My uni life will not complete without their existence, my sisters from another parents. This paragraph specially dedicated for my girls: Ria Putri Santoso, Maria Kharisma Bulu Geroda, Maria Anggita, and Angela Merici. Put, thank you for all your help especially during my thesis period. Tears and words never enough to express how grateful I am to have you in my uni life. We share almost everything until our darkest secrets, we go to places together, be weird together, cried and vi always there for you, whenever you need me. KBG, thank you for being the best roommate ever that always listening to my random thoughts, for our late convo, for our obsession with Korean guys, for always take care of me when I am sick, shoulder to lean on when I am on my weakest situation. Anggici, I do really admire how hardworking you are. You always give your best on everything and icong, from you I learned that happiness can be found, even in the darkest of times, only if we remembers how to turn on the light. I learned that every obstacle in life is nothing if we know how to chill about it. Thank you for always being neutral in every situation, thank you for always supporting me, thank you for always there for me. Thank you for being you. Hillary Tanida, Gregorius Hogan, and Angelin Febriana. Thank you Hilly, I that never feels other words of I love you, you know). For Hogan, thank you so much Gan for being a shoulder to lean on, for your words, for your existence. I always grateful I on why I always laughed and smiled about our oppa, because I feel really happy I found the same level Shawol fangirl like you. Special thanks also goes to PUCatSo especially 2013: Erwin, James, Becil, Tia, Rana, Jona, Yandhika, Yosa, Alex. PUSU 2015, for Reryana Risa Putri and Fikrya Dzikrillya, also Edelman team especially kak Aldo for his indirectly support, kak Yoyo for constantly sending me tons of meme about skripsi and kak Dit who always remind me about my thesis deadline and calm me down before the thesis defense. Thank you, I love you guys! vii TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS ADVISER ............................................................................................ i RECOMMENDATION LETTER .................................................................... i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ............................................................ ii PANEL OF EXAMINERS .............................................................................. iii APPROVAL SHEET ....................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... iv ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................ v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... viii LIST OF DIAGRAMS ..................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xi LIST OF GRAPHS ......................................................................................... xii CHAPTER I ...................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1 I.1. Background of Study ......................................................................................... 1 I.2. Identification of the Problem ............................................................................ 7 I.3. Statement of the Problem ................................................................................ 15 I.4. Research Objectives ........................................................................................ 15 viii I.5. Significance of the Study ................................................................................. 16 I.6. Theoretical Framework ................................................................................... 16 I.6.1. Soft Power .................................................................................................. 16 I.6.2. Public Diplomacy ....................................................................................... 18 I.6.3. Cultural Diplomacy .................................................................................... 19 I.6.4. Threat Perception........................................................................................ 20 I.6.5. Geopolitics ................................................................................................. 21 1.6.6. Framework of Analysis .............................................................................. 21 I.7. Scope of Limitation of Study ........................................................................... 24 I.8. Literature Review ............................................................................................ 25 I.8.1. New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations .................... 25 I.8.2. Public Diplomacy and Soft Power in East Asia ........................................... 26 I.9. Research Methodology .................................................................................... 27 I.10. Structure of the Thesis .................................................................................. 27 I.10.1. Chapter I - INTRODUCTION................................................................... 27 I.10.2. Chapter II - REPUBLIC OF KOREA SOFT POWER ............................................................
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