DOCSLIB.ORG

Chronology of Events in Iraq, July 2003*

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chronology of Events in Iraq, July 2003* * Chronology of Events in Iraq, July 2003 July 1 Explosion rocks mosque in Al-Fallujah. (Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty RFE/RL Iraq Report) An explosion at a mosque in Al-Fallujah left at least six Iraqis dead and several wounded. A U.S. military spokesman said that the military did not know the cause of the blast, which he said came from an adjacent building. A U.S. rapid-response team found minimal damage to the mosque but significant damage to the building next to the mosque. Clerics warn against killing Iraqis cooperating with coalition forces. (London- based newspaper Al-Sharq al-Awsat) The Religious Scholars Association in Al-Fallujah has recommended that people not respond to recent calls to kill everyone who cooperates with the coalition forces. The association said it is not in the interest of the Iraqi people to spark fighting. Islamist group issues black list in Al-Fallujah. (London-based newspaper Al- Sharq al-Awsat) In a statement issued by an Islamist group, the group listed 33 names whose blood was sanctioned. The list includes the city's governor, two former members of the Iraqi Ba'th Party who used to be division commanders, a member of the former National Assembly, five religious scholars, and a number of government employees. The group did not sign the statement with a specific name. Al-Tikriti tribal chief assassinated in Iraq. (Al-Jazeera satellite TV) The governor of the Tikrit town has announced that unknown assailants assassinated Abdallah Mahmud al-Khattab, the chieftain of the Al-Tikriti tribe in the town to which former president Saddam Hussain is affiliated. Following the fall of Baghdad, al-Khattab denounced president Saddam Hussain and his regime although he had been very close to him for over 30 years. July 2 Iraqi tribal chiefs in central Euphrates region set up a council. (Iraqi Patriotic Union of Kurdistan newspaper Al-Ittihad) An administrative council for central Euphrates' tribes was set up in Karbala Governorate. Shaykh Yahya al-Ka'bi said the idea of setting up this council was * Disclaimer: Reports contained in this document are selected from publicly available resources and edited by country experts. The information provided here is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country of origin surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim. Further information may be obtained from BO Ankara. Chronology of Events in Iraq UNCHR Ankara COI Team July 2003 Page 1 16/02/2004 drawn up by five figures, among the most important shaykhs of central Euphrates: Shaykh Khalaf al-Ka'bi, Shaykh Alaywi Sa'dun al-Hasnawi, Shaykh Ala Kamil Mansur al-Mas'udi, Shaykh Sabir al-Kanani, and Taha al-Husayni. The Council commits itself to “the establishment of a free and independent Iraq, away from fanaticism and racism, and work seriously to serve Iraq from the north to the south and from its east to west”. July 3 Kurdistan Satellite TV journalist killed in Mosul. (Iraqi Kurdistan Democratic Party newspaper Khabat) The head of the Kurdistan Satellite TV office in Mosul, Ahmad Karim, was killed in clashes which occurred on the evening of 2 - 3 July in the city of Mosul. His assistant, Hoshyar Ahmad, was injured. July 4 Travellers to Amman ambushed in west Iraq. (Al-Jazeera TV) Several cars travelling to Amman down the Baghdad-Amman road have been ambushed by a gang of robbers. The robbers have stopped a number of cars and stolen their contents near the town of Al-Ramadi, west of Baghdad. Turkoman Front office in Suleimaniya disarmed. (Iraqi Patriotic Union of Kurdistan newspaper Kurdistani Nuwe) The coalition forces in Sulaimaniya disarmed armed men at the Turkoman Front Liaison Office in Ashti District, following a visit to the headquarters in the afternoon. July 5 RPG fired at IOM office in Mosul. (Agence France Presse / AFP) A rocket-propelled grenade (RPG) was fired at the office of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Mosul, slightly wounding one person. Two cars were damaged and a local guard was slightly injured. July 6 Alleged Saddam's Fedayeen arrested in Kirkuk after attack on offices. (Iraqi Kurdistan Democratic Party newspaper “Khabat”) A group of armed men allegedly affiliated to the deposed Ba'ath regime attacked “Khabat” office and offices of the Kurdistan Students Union, Kurdistan Youth Union and Kurdistan Women Union with hand grenades, pistols and knifes, at Andalus Street in the centre of Kirkuk in the afternoon. The guards of these offices immediately responded to the attacks. After a confrontation, the guards arrested three alleged Saddam's Fedayeen, a spokesperson from Kirkuk Police Department said. Chronology of Events in Iraq UNCHR Ankara COI Team July 2003 Page 2 16/02/2004 July 7 Gunmen fire on car of Iraqi Central Bank governor, another official killed. (AFP) Gunmen fired on the car of Iraqi Central Bank governor Faleh Daud Salman in Baghdad. Salman escaped unharmed, but two other passengers were wounded. In an other attack, the head of Iraq's taxation department, Abdullah Mahmud al-Amin, was shot dead by unknown gunmen who stopped his car. July 8 Some Ba'ath Party members allowed to go back to work. (Iraqi newspaper Al- Adwa) Instructions have been issued allowing members of the dissolved Ba'th Party from the ranks of working members, group members and section members, to return to their job sites and to resume work. Some employees at the Ministry of Justice said the ministry had told those who come under these instructions to go back to their jobs. However, the instructions excluded members of the Special Security Service, the Saddam Fadayeen, the security forces, and the execution and assassination squads affiliated with the Intelligence Service. Sabotage and killing reported in northern town of Kirkuk. (Iraqi Patriotic Union of Kurdistan newspaper Kurdistani Nuwe) Regarding the security situation in Kirkuk in the past three days, a city police source reported that a citizen was shot dead on the Baghdad-Kirkuk road. Furthermore, several gunmen fired at a number of citizens and killed five people in Azadi District. Two former regime members in US custody. (RFE/RL Iraq Report) Two more former members of the deposed regime of Saddam Hussein have been taken into coalition custody. Mizban Khadr al-Hadi, identified as a high-ranking member of the Ba'ath Party's regional command and the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), was 23rd on CENTCOM's list of the 55 most-wanted Iraqis. He reportedly turned himself in to coalition forces in Baghdad. Coalition forces reportedly also captured Former Iraqi Interior Minister Mahmud Dhiyab al-Ahmad, although CENTCOM did not offer details of his detention. He was 29th on the CENTCOM list. July 10 Kidnapped Iranian opposition figure released. (Iranian Baztab web site) An opponent of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Nader Mohsen Mobaraki, has been released after having been kidnapped by unknown people from his house in Baghdad on 16 June. Mobaraki is responsible for Radio Baluchestan which broadcast programme against Iran from Baghdad. He said he was blindfolded and transferred to the Salman-Pak region, in south of Baghdad, and detained there for 15 days. During this period, the kidnappers reportedly tried to obtain information about Iraq's intelligence and security elements from him. Chronology of Events in Iraq UNCHR Ankara COI Team July 2003 Page 3 16/02/2004 Islamic Group leader arrested by US forces. (Iraqi Patriotic Union of Kurdistan newspaper Kurdistani Nuwe) The coalition forces arrested the emir of Islamic Group in Iraqi Kurdistan, Mamosta Ali Bapir and a number of the group's members on the Dukan-Sulaymaniyah road. The coalition forces stopped the traffic on the road and arrested the emir of the Islamic Group and his comrades after having disarmed them. The group included the head of the group's information office and Komal newspaper's chief editor, Mamosta Tawfiq Karim; Mamosta Dara Muhammad; Abd-al-Rahman Ahmad; and a number of guards were also arrested by the coalition forces. July 11 Political parties in Kurdish region surrender heavy weapons to coalition. (Iraqi Kurdistan Democratic Party satellite TV) The heavy weapons surrendered by the political parties and forces at police stations in northern Iraq, in accordance with a decree passed by the Kurdistan National Assembly and a similar decree by the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq, were handed over to the coalition forces. July 13 Governing Council issues statement after first meeting. (Al-Jazeera satellite TV) The members of the Iraqi Governing Council have been named following its first meeting held in the former Military Industrialization Organization buildings in Baghdad. The first resolution issued by the Governing Council red as follows: “1. Cancelling all official holidays associated with the deposed dictatorial regime and the dissolved Ba'th Party. “2. April 9, the day the regime fell, shall become a national day for Iraq and an official holiday.” The names of the 25-man Governing Council are as follows: 1. Mr Ahmad al-Barrak, 2. Dr Iyad Allawi, 3. Mr Mas'ud Barzani, 4. Dr Muhsin Abd-al-Hamid, 5. Dr Adnan al-Pachachi, 6. Mrs Sungul Chabuk, 7. Dr Raja Habib al-Khaza'i, 8. Mr Nasir Kamil Chadirchi, 9. Mr Hamid Majid Musa, 10. Mr Samir Shakir, 11. Mr Abd-al-Karim al- Mahmadawi, 12. Mr Abd-al-Aziz al-Hakim, 13. Mr Muhammad Bahr al-Ulum, 14. Mr Jalal Talabani, 15. Dr Ahmad al-Chalabi, 16. Dr Muwaffaq al-Ruba'i, 17. Mr Ghazi Ajil al-Yawir, 18. Mr Salah al-Din Muhammad Baha-al-Din, 19. Mr Judge Wa'il Abd-al-Latif, 20.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • IRAQ COUNTRY REPORT April 2004 COUNTRY INFORMATION
    IRAQ COUNTRY REPORT April 2004 COUNTRY INFORMATION & POLICY UNIT IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM CONTENTS 1 Scope of document 1.1 – 1.7 2 Geography 2.1 – 2.6 3 Economy 3.1 – 3.3 4 History Post Saddam Iraq 4.3 – 4.11 History of northern Iraq 4.12 – 4.15 5 State Structures The Constitution 5.1 – 5.2 The Transitional Administrative Law 5.3 – 5.5 Nationality and Citizenship 5.6 Political System 5.7 –5.14 Interim Governing Council 5.7 – 5.8 Cabinet 5.9 – 5.11 Northern Iraq 5.12 – 5.14 Judiciary 5.15 – 5.27 Judiciary in northern Iraq 5.28 Justice for human rights abusers 5.29 – 5.31 Legal Rights/Detention 5.32 – 5.38 Death penalty 5.34 Torture 5.35 – 5.38 Internal Security 5.39 – 5.52 Police 5.41 – 5.46 Security services 5.47 Militias 5.48 – 5.52 Prisons and prison conditions 5.53 – 5.59 Military Service 5.60 – 5.61 Medical Services 5.62 – 5.79 Mental health care 5.71 – 5.74 HIV/AIDS 5.75 – 5.76 People with disabilities 5.77 Educational System 5.78 – 5.79 6 Human Rights 6A Human Rights issues Security situation 6.4 – 6.14 Humanitarian situation 6.15 – 6.22 Freedom of Speech and the Media 6.23 – 6.28 Freedom of Religion 6.29 – 6.47 Shi’a Muslims 6.31 Sunni Muslims 6.32 Christians 6.33 – 6.38 Mandaeans 6.39 Yazidis 6.40 – 6.45 Jews 6.46 – 6.47 Freedom of Association and Assembly 6.48 Employment Rights 6.49 People Trafficking 6.50 Freedom of Movement 6.51 – 6.54 Internal travel 6.51 – 6.53 Travel to Iraq 6.54 6B Human rights - Specific Groups Ethnic Groups 6.55 – 6.74 Shi’a Arabs 6.55 – 6.60 Sunni Arabs 6.61 –
    [Show full text]
  • Hd122-Xxx.Ps
    1 108th Congress, 1st Session – – – – – – – – – – – – House Document 108–122 BLOCKING PROPERTY OF THE FORMER IRAQI RE- GIME, ITS SENIOR OFFICIALS AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS, AND TAKING CERTAIN OTHER ACTIONS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TRANSMITTING NOTIFICATION TO EXPAND THE SCOPE OF THE NATIONAL EMER- GENCY DECLARED IN EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 13303 OF MAY 22, 2003, WITH RESPECT TO THE BLOCKING OF PROPERTY OF THE FORMER IRAQI REGIME, ITS SENIOR OFFICIALS AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS, AND TAKING CERTAIN OTHER ACTIONS, PURSUANT TO 50 U.S.C. 1703(b) AND 50 U.S.C. 1631 SEPTEMBER 3, 2003.—Referred to the Committee on International Relations and ordered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 19–011 WASHINGTON : 2003 VerDate jul 14 2003 06:52 Sep 06, 2003 Jkt 019011 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4012 Sfmt 4012 E:\HR\OC\HD122.XXX HD122 E:\Seals\Congress.#13 VerDate jul 14 2003 06:52 Sep 06, 2003 Jkt 019011 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4012 Sfmt 4012 E:\HR\OC\HD122.XXX HD122 THE WHITE HOUSE, Washington, August 28, 2003. Hon. J. DENNIS HASTERT, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Washington, DC. DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Consistent with section 204(b) of the Inter- national Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), 50 U.S.C. 1703(b), and section 301 of the National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. 1631, I hereby report that I have exercised my authority to expand the scope of the national emergency declared in Executive Order 13303 of May 22, 2003, to address the unusual and extraor- dinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States posed by obstacles to the orderly reconstruction of Iraq, the restoration and maintenance of peace and security in that country, and the development of political, administrative, and eco- nomic institutions, in Iraq.
    [Show full text]
  • Iraq: Buttressing Peace with the Iraqi Inter-Religious Congress
    Religion and Conflict Case Study Series Iraq: Buttressing Peace with the Iraqi Inter-Religious Congress August 2013 © Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/classroom 4 Abstract 5 This case study shines a light on the sectarian violence that overtook Iraq after the 2003 US-led invasion that overthrew Saddam Hussein, and how religious 9 leaders gradually gained recognition as resources for the promotion of peace. This overview of the conflict addresses five main questions: What religious 11 factors contributed to insecurity in post-2003 Iraq? How did Coalition forces approach religious actors prior to 2006? How did governments interface with faith-based NGOs in pursuit of peace? What role did socioeconomic factors 14 play in exacerbating conflict? How did religious engagement intersect with the Sunni Awakening and the surge of Coalition troops in 2007? The case study includes a core text, a timeline of key events, a guide to relevant religious orga- nizations, and a list of further readings. 15 About this Case Study 17 This case study was crafted under the editorial direction of Eric Patterson, visiting assistant professor in the Department of Government and associate di- rector of the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs at George- town University. This case study was made possible through the support of the Henry Luce Foundation and the Luce/SFS Program on Religion and International Affairs. 2 BERKLEY CENTER FOR RELIGION, PEACE & WORLD AFFAIRS AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY CASE STUDY — IRAQ Contents Introduction 4 Historical Background 5 Domestic Factors 9 International Factors 11 Religion and Socioeconomic Factors 12 Conclusion 14 Resources Key Events 15 Religious Organizations 17 Further Reading 19 Discussion Questions 21 BERKLEY CENTER FOR RELIGION, PEACE & WORLD AFFAIRS AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY CASE STUDY — IRAQ 3 Introduction While the US invasion of Iraq—and the insurgency that a shaky relationship with the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003 of 7 July 2003
    Changes to legislation: There are outstanding changes not yet made to Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003. Any changes that have already been made to the legislation appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. (See end of Document for details) View outstanding changes Council Regulation (EC) No 1210/2003 of 7 July 2003 concerning certain specific restrictions on economic and financial relations with Iraq and repealing Regulation (EC) No 2465/96 Article 1 For the purpose of this Regulation, the following definitions shall... Article 2 All proceeds from all export sales of petroleum, petroleum products... Article 3 (1) The following shall be prohibited: (a) the import of... Article 4 (1) All funds and economic resources of the previous Government... Article 4a The prohibition set out in Article 4(3) shall not give... Article 5 (1) Article 4 shall not prevent the crediting of frozen... Article 6 (1) By way of derogation from Article 4, the competent... Article 7 (1) The participation, knowingly and intentionally, in activities, the object... Article 8 (1) Without prejudice to the applicable rules concerning reporting, confidentiality... Article 9 The freezing of funds and economic resources, carried out in... Article 10 (1) The following shall be immune from legal proceedings and... Article 11 The Commission shall be empowered to: amend Annex II as... Article 12 Without prejudice to the rights and obligations of the Member... Article 13 The Commission and the Member States shall immediately inform each... Article 14 This Regulation shall apply notwithstanding any rights conferred or obligations... Article 15 (1) The Member States shall lay down the rules on..
    [Show full text]
  • Iraq and the Kurds: the Brewing Battle Over Kirkuk
    IRAQ AND THE KURDS: THE BREWING BATTLE OVER KIRKUK Middle East Report N°56 – 18 July 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 II. COMPETING CLAIMS AND POSITIONS................................................................ 2 A. THE KURDISH NARRATIVE....................................................................................................3 B. THE TURKOMAN NARRATIVE................................................................................................4 C. THE ARAB NARRATIVE .........................................................................................................5 D. THE CHRISTIAN NARRATIVE .................................................................................................6 III. IRAQ’S POLITICAL TRANSITION AND KIRKUK ............................................... 7 A. USES OF THE KURDS’ NEW POWER .......................................................................................7 B. THE PACE OF “NORMALISATION”........................................................................................11 IV. OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS................................................................ 16 A. THE KURDS.........................................................................................................................16 B. THE TURKOMANS ...............................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Year of Origin: 19601 Founder(S): • Shaykh Muhammad Mahmud Al
    IRAQI ISLAMIC PARTY (IIP) Year of Origin: 19601 Founder(s): • Shaykh Muhammad Mahmud al-Sawwaf • Shaykh Amjad al-Zahawi Place(s) of Operation: Iraq Key Leaders: • Usama Tawfiq al-Tikriti: Leader2 • Ayad al-Samarrai: Secretary General3 • Mohsen Abdel Hamid: Former leader4 • Farouk al-Ani: Leader5 • Basim al-Adhami: Leader6 • Fareed Sabri: Spokesman7 Associated Organization(s): • Iraqi Islamic Party8 • Islamic Brotherhood Society9 1 Katherine Blue Carrol, “Not Your Parents’ Political Party: Young Sunnis and the New Iraqi Democracy,” Middle East Policy Council, Fall 2011, v.18, n.3, http://www.mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/not-your- parents-political-party-young-sunnis-and-new-iraqi-democracy?print. 2 Dr. Alan Godlas, “The Mulsim Brotherhood in Iraq Until 1991,” University of Georgia, accessed September 27, 2016, http://islam.uga.edu/muslim_brotherhood_iraq.html. 3 Moustafa Amara, “Iraqi Islamic Party Calls for Change in Maliki Government,” Al Monitor, February 19, 2016, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/politics/2013/02/secretary-general-iraqi-islamic-party.html. 4 Katherine Blue Carrol, “Not Your Parents’ Political Party: Young Sunnis and the New Iraqi Democracy,” Middle East Policy Council, Fall 2011, v.18, n.3, http://www.mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/not-your- parents-political-party-young-sunnis-and-new-iraqi-democracy?print. 5 Dr. Alan Godlas, “The Mulsim Brotherhood in Iraq Until 1991,” University of Georgia, accessed September 27, 2016, http://islam.uga.edu/muslim_brotherhood_iraq.html. 6 Dr. Alan Godlas, “The Mulsim Brotherhood in Iraq Until 1991,” University of Georgia, accessed September 27, 2016, http://islam.uga.edu/muslim_brotherhood_iraq.html. 7 Mahan Abedine, “Politics and Violence in Iraq: An Interview with Fareed Sabri,” Jamestown Foundation, May 23, 2005, https://jamestown.org/interview/politics-and-violence-in-iraq-an-interview-with-fareed-sabri/.
    [Show full text]
  • Premierminister
    Irak Premierminister Amtszeit Name Bemerkungen 11.11.1920 - 20.11.1922 Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani (1841 - 1927) 20.11.1922 - 22.11.1923 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (02.05.1879 - 13.11.1929) 22.11.1923 - 02.08.1924 Ja'far Pasha al-Askari (15.09.1885 - 29.10.1836) 02.08.1924 - 26.06.1925 Yasin al-Hashimi (1894 - 1937) 26.06.1925 - 21.11.1926 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (02.05.1879 - 13.11.1929) 21.11.1926 - 11.01.1928 Ja'far Pasha al-Askari (15.09.1885 - 29.10.1836) 11.01.1928 - 28.04.1929 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (02.05.1879 - 13.11.1929) 28.04.1929 - 19.09.1929 Tawfiq al-Suwaidi (09.04.1892 - 15.10.1968) 19.09.1929 - 13.11.1929 Abd al-Muhsin as-Sa'dun (02.05.1879 - 13.11.1929) 18.11.1929 - 23.03.1930 Naji al-Suwaydi (1882 - 1942) 23.03.1930 - 03.11.1932 Nuri Pasha al-Said (23.10.1888 - 15.07.1958) 03.11.1932 - 20.03.1933 Muhammad Naji Shawkat (1893 - 11.05.1980) 20.03.1933 - 09.11.1933 Rashid Ali al-Gaylani (1892 - 28.08.1965) 09.11.1933 - 27.08.1934 Jamil al-Midfai (1890 - 1958) 27.08.1934 - 04.03.1935 Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi (1886 - 03.03.1969) 04.03.1935 - 17.03.1935 Jamil al-Midfai (1890 - 1958) 17.03.1935 - 30.10.1936 Yasin al-Hashimi (1894 - 1937) 30.10.1936 - 17.08.1937 Hikmat Sulayman (1889 - 16.06.1964) 17.08.1937 - 25.12.1938 Jamil al-Midfai (1890 - 1958) 25.12.1938 - 31.03.1940 Nuri Pasha al-Said (23.10.1888 - 15.07.1958) 31.03.1940 - 03.02.1941 Rashid Ali al-Gaylani (1892 - 28.08.1965) 03.02.1941 - 13.04.1941 Taha al-Hashimi (1888 - 1961) 13.04.1941 - 30.05.1941 Rashid Ali al-Gaylani (1892 - 28.08.1965) 04.06.1941 - 10.10.1941 Jamil al-Midfai
    [Show full text]
  • Iraq: Politics and Governance
    Iraq: Politics and Governance Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Carla E. Humud Analyst in Middle Eastern and African Affairs March 9, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS21968 Iraq: Politics and Governance Summary Iraq’s sectarian and ethnic divisions—muted toward the end of the 2003-2011 U.S. military intervention in Iraq—are fueling a major challenge to Iraq’s stability and to U.S. policy in Iraq and the broader Middle East region. The resentment of Iraq’s Sunni Arabs toward the Shiite- dominated central government facilitated the capture in 2014 of nearly one-third of Iraqi territory by the Sunni Islamist extremist group called the Islamic State (IS, also known as ISIL, ISIS, or the Arabic acronym Da'esh). Iraq’s Kurds are separately embroiled in political, territorial, and economic disputes with Baghdad, but those differences have been at least temporarily subordinated to the common struggle against the Islamic State. U.S. officials assert that the Iraqi government must work to gain the loyalty of more of Iraq’s Sunnis—and to resolve differences with the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG)—if an eventual defeat of the Islamic State is to result in long-term stability. Prospects for greater inter- communal unity appeared to increase in 2014 with the replacement of former Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki with the current Prime Minister, Haydar al-Abbadi. Although both men are from the Shiite Islamist Da’wa Party, Abbadi has taken some steps to try to compromise with Sunnis and with the KRG. However, a significant point of contention with the KRG remains the KRG’s marketing of crude oil exports separately from Baghdad.
    [Show full text]
  • Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Relações Internacionais – Unesp, Unicamp E Puc-Sp
    PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE SÃO PAULO (PUC-SP) PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS – UNESP, UNICAMP E PUC-SP RODRIGO AUGUSTO DUARTE AMARAL OCUPAÇÃO E RECONSTRUÇÃO DO IRAQUE: A ATUAÇÃO DA COALIZÃO DE AUTORIDADE PROVISÓRIA (2003-2004) SÃO PAULO 2017 RODRIGO AUGUSTO DUARTE AMARAL OCUPAÇÃO E RECONSTRUÇÃO DO IRAQUE: A ATUAÇÃO DA COALIZÃO DE AUTORIDADE PROVISÓRIA (2003-2004) Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio De Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) e da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), como exigência para obtenção do título de mestre em Relações Internacionais, na área de concentração “Paz, Defesa e Segurança Internacional”, na linha de pesquisa “Estratégia, Defesa e Política Externa”. Orientador: Paulo José dos Reis Pereira. SÃO PAULO 2017 RODRIGO AUGUSTO DUARTE AMARAL OCUPAÇÃO E RECONSTRUÇÃO DO IRAQUE: A ATUAÇÃO DA COALIZÃO DE AUTORIDADE PROVISÓRIA (2003-2004) Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio De Mesquita Filho” (Unesp), da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) e da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), como exigência para obtenção do título de mestre em Relações Internacionais, na área de concentração “Paz, Defesa e Segurança Internacional”, na linha de pesquisa “Estratégia, Defesa e Política Externa”. Orientador: Paulo José dos Reis Pereira. BANCA EXAMINADORA
    [Show full text]
  • Middle East Program Occasional Paper Series Fall 2016
    MIDDLE EAST PROGRAM OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES FALL 2016 MIDDLE EAST PROGRAM FALL OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES 2016 From Tribe to Nation: Iraqi Kurdistan on the Cusp of Statehood “For better or nition that after decades of dogged, if at times Amberin Zaman, worse, it is hard unorthodox, efforts to build their own state, Public Policy Fellow, Woodrow Wilson International to escape [the] the Iraqi Kurds are on the cusp of formally de- Center for Scholars conclusion that claring independence. It is no longer a matter future of Iraqi of “if” but “when.” Kurds lies with And the United States, as much as Iraq’s their integration neighbors—Iran, Turkey, and Syria, which into Iraqi state have restive Kurdish populations of their […] In terms of re- own—needs to be ready when Iraqi Kurdis- gional stability, it is probably preferable that tan, the first real Kurdish state in the modern [the] Kurdish independence movement does sense, is born. Most importantly, so do the not succeed.” Thus opined an American dip- Kurds. lomat stationed in Baghdad in a secret cable It will be a premature birth on many dated July 1, 1973.1 counts. The Kurdistan Regional Government Forty-three years on, official U.S. policy— (KRG) remains at war against jihadists of the that Iraq needs to remain territorially intact— so-called Islamic State (ISIS). Collapsing oil has not changed. But there is growing recog- prices have bankrupted the KRG’s rentier 1 MIDDLE EAST PROGRAM OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES FALL 2016 About the Middle East Program Director The Middle East Program was launched in February 1998 in light of Henri J.
    [Show full text]
  • Movement of WMD out of Iraq
    Addendums to the Comprehensive Report of the Special Advisor to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD March 2005 Final Cut 8.5 X 11 with Full Bleed Prewar Movement of WMD Material Out of Iraq Prewar Movement of WMD Material Out of Iraq ISG formed a working group to investigate the pos- ISG was unable to complete its investigation and sibility of the evacuation of WMD-related material is unable to rule out the possibility that WMD was from Iraq prior to the 2003 war. This group spent evacuated to Syria before the war. It should be several months examining documents, interviewing noted that no information from debriefi ng of Iraqis former Iraqi offi cials, examining previous intelligence in custody supports this possibility. ISG found no reports, and conducting some site investigations. The senior policy, program, or intelligence offi cials who declining security situation limited and fi nally halted admitted any direct knowledge of such movement of this investigation. The results remain inconclusive, WMD. Indeed, they uniformly denied any knowledge but further investigation may be undertaken when of residual WMD that could have been secreted to circumstances on the ground improve. Syria. The investigation centered on the possibility that Nevertheless, given the insular and compartmented WMD materials were moved to Syria. As is obvious nature of the Regime, ISG analysts believed there from other sections of the Comprehensive Report, was enough evidence to merit further investigation. Syria was involved in transactions and shipments of It is worth noting that even if ISG had been able to military and other material to Iraq in contravention fully examine all the leads it possessed, it is unlikely of the UN sanctions.
    [Show full text]
  • “Barriers to Post-ISIS Reconciliation in Iraq: Case Study of Tel Afar, Ninewa” by Sarah Sanbar Under the Supervision of Prof
    “Barriers to post-ISIS reconciliation in Iraq: Case study of Tel Afar, Ninewa” By Sarah Sanbar Under the supervision of Professor Stéphane Lacroix Sciences Po Spring 2020 This paper has received the Kuwait Program at Sciences Po Student Paper Award The copyright of this paper remains the property of its author. No part of the content may be reproduced, published, distributed, copied or stored for public or private use without written permission of the author. All authorisation requests should be sent to [email protected] BARRIERS TO POST-ISIS RECONCILIATION IN IRAQ Case Study of Tel Afar, Ninewa Instructor: Stéphane LACROIX Final Assignment: The Political Sociology of the State in the Contemporary Arab World Date: 30/04/2020 Sarah Sanbar Sanbar - 1 Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Literature Review ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Case Study: Tel Afar, Ninewa .................................................................................................................... 5 Context and Demographics ....................................................................................................................... 5 ISIS Occupation, Displacement, and the Liberation Operation ................................................................ 6 Barriers to Post-ISIS Reconciliation in Tel
    [Show full text]