Universidade Do Sul De Santa Catarina Manuela Da Rosa Jorge

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Universidade Do Sul De Santa Catarina Manuela Da Rosa Jorge UNIVERSIDADE DO SUL DE SANTA CATARINA MANUELA DA ROSA JORGE AS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS E O OCCUPY WALL STREET Florianópolis, 2013 MANUELA DA ROSA JORGE AS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS E O OCCUPY WALL STREET Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Curso de Graduação em Relações Internacionais da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Bacharel. Orientador: Prof. José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra, Dr. Florianópolis, 2013 MANUELA DA ROSA JORGE AS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS E O OCCUPY WALL STREET Este Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso foi julgado adequado à obtenção do título de Bacharel em Relações Internacionais e aprovado em sua forma final pelo Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade do Sul do Sul de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, 24 de Junho de 2013. ________________________________________________________________ Prof. e orientador José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra, Dr. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina ________________________________________________________________ Prof. João Batista da Silva, Msc. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina ________________________________________________________________ Profa. Dâmaris de Oliveira B. da Silva, Msc. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina Dedico este trabalho de conclusão de curso aos meus pais, Carolina Henriqueta e Carlos Alberto, os quais em todos os anos de minha vida, e principalmente nos anos da graduação, me apoiaram, me incentivaram a perseguir meus sonhos e a acreditar em mim mesma e me encheram de amor todos os dias, incondicionalmente. AGRADECIMENTOS Acredito que agradecer a todas as pessoas que diretamente e indiretamente contribuíram para a concretização desta minha caminhada seria um pouco longo, então serei breve e pontual, mas sem deixar de agradecer a todos aqueles que são especiais para mim, de alguma maneira. Um agradecimento não só por este trabalho, mas por todos os dias de minha vida, aos meus maravilhosos pais: Carlos Alberto e Carolina Henriqueta. Cada qual com seu jeito e maneira de viver, mas sempre, incondicionalmente, me apoiando com a maior paciência e sempre escutando, atentos, às minhas ideias, aguentando a minha inquietação diária e me mostrando que sou capaz de realizar todos os meus sonhos - sem esquecer de todo o amor que eles me transmitem e todo o orgulho que tenho em ser filha deles. Amo vocês, incondicionalmente. Serei eternamente grata a toda paciência e atenção com que o Professor Dr. Baltazar Guerra dedicou do seu valioso tempo para me orientar em cada passo deste trabalho, sempre se mostrando interessado pelo meu tema e me incentivando a cada orientação, não esquecendo de deixar aqui registrado a grande admiração e respeito que tenho para com ele. Obrigada, Mestre. Agradeço às minhas irmãs Laíse e Maíra, ao meu cunhado Ricardo, ao meu irmão Emir e a minha cunhada Caroline por me apoiarem, cada um da sua maneira, por participarem das minhas realizações e por me aconselharem com suas experiências de estrada e por sempre visarem o meu bem. Amo vocês. O meu muito obrigada à Professora Fabiana Witt, por sua paciência, atenção e calma durante as aulas de TCC e à bibliotecária Tatiana por sua gentileza, atenção e profissionalismo. O meu agradecimento aos meus amigos se estenderia por longas páginas, caso fosse citar cada um deles e o por que de cada um ter sido diretamente ou indiretamente fundamental para a concretização deste trabalho e desta caminhada, portanto, amigos, sintam-se muito, mas muito agradecidos mesmo, cada um de vocês. Vocês estiveram e estão presentes nos momentos de grandes alegrias mas também nos de tristeza. Dessa forma, agradeço a vocês por me darem força, por vibrem com as minhas conquistas, por me presentearem com amizades como as de vocês e por me escolherem para fazer parte de suas vidas. Obrigada do fundo do meu coração, amo muito vocês. RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou analisar o uso das mídias sociais nos movimentos sociais decorrentes do ano de 2011: os Indignados na Espanha, a Primavera Árabe no Egito e, com maior ênfase, o Occupy Wall Street nos Estados Unidos, bem como procurou ressaltar os precedentes desses movimentos sociais como a crise econômica de 2008. Através da pesquisa básica, qualitativa, exploratória, bibliográfica e documental foram descritas as influencias das mídias sociais nesses movimentos sociais bem como revisou conceitos de globalização, mídias sociais, crise do sistema econômico e movimentos sociais. A pesquisa contribuiu tanto para a pesquisadora que almeja seguir a carreira jornalística, bem como para a sociedade, estados e academia, uma vez que esses movimentos sociais estão cada vez mais organizados e sem prazo para terminar. Palavras-chave: Movimentos sociais. Occupy Wall Street. Mídias sociais. ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the use of three types of social media – Facebook, Twitter and YouTube- in social movements arising from the year 2011: the Indignados in Spain, the Arab Spring in Egypt and more emphasis on the Occupy Wall Street in the United States and sought to highlight the unprecedented of these social movements such as the 2008 economic crisis. Through basic research, qualitative, exploratory, literature and documents were described influences of social media in these social movements and also revised concepts of globalization, social media, crisis of the economic system and social movements. The research has contributed much to the researcher who longs to follow journalistic career, as well as to society, academic studies and states, since these social movements are increasingly organized and has no deadline to finish. Key-words: Social Movements. Occupy Wall Street. Social media. SUMÁRIO 1 INTRODUÇÃO ......................................................................................................... 9 1.1 EXPOSIÇÃO DO TEMA E DO PROBLEMA ......................................................... 9 1.2 OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................................ 11 1.2.1 Objetivo geral ................................................................................................. 11 1.2.2 Objetivos específicos ..................................................................................... 11 1.3 JUSTIFICATIVA .................................................................................................. 11 1.4 PROCEDIMENTOS METODOLÓGICOS ............................................................ 13 1.4.1 Classificação da pesquisa quanto à natureza ............................................. 14 1.4.2 Classificação da pesquisa quanto à abordagem ......................................... 14 1.4.3 Classificação da pesquisa quanto aos objetivos ........................................ 15 1.4.4 Classificação da pesquisa quanto aos procedimentos .............................. 15 1.5 ESTRUTURA DA PESQUISA ............................................................................. 16 2 FUNDAMENTAÇÃO TEÓRICA ............................................................................. 17 2.1 GLOBALIZAÇÃO ................................................................................................. 17 2.2 MÍDIAS SOCIAIS ................................................................................................ 19 2.2.1 Facebook ......................................................................................................... 21 2.2.2 YouTube .......................................................................................................... 22 2.2.3 Twitter .............................................................................................................. 24 2.3 CRISE DO SISTEMA ECONÔMICO ................................................................... 24 2.4 MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS .................................................................................... 27 3 DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTUDO ..................................................................... 31 3.1 A CRISE ECONÔMICA DE 2008 ........................................................................ 31 3.2 A PRIMAVERA ÁRABE NO EGITO E OS INDIGNADOS NA ESPANHA ........... 34 3.2.1 A Primavera Árabe no Egito .......................................................................... 34 3.2.2 Os Indignados na Espanha ........................................................................... 40 3.3 OCCUPY WALL STREET ................................................................................... 45 3.4 AS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS E O OCCUPY WALL STREET ......................................... 57 4 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS ................................................................................... 64 REFERÊNCIAS ......................................................................................................... 66 ANEXO A - PRINCÍPIOS DE SOLIDARIEDADE ...................................................... 75 ANEXO B - AFIRMAÇÃO DE AUTONOMIA ............................................................ 76 ANEXO C - DECLARAÇÃO DA OCUPAÇÃO NA CIDADE DE NOVA YORK ........ 78 9 1 INTRODUÇÃO Elaborar um trabalho de pesquisa que trate de um tema contemporâneo tem as suas peculiaridades como, por exemplo, o fato de não apresentar, ainda, um resultado final ou que do dia para noite possa surgir uma nova notícia ou uma nova teoria que modifique certo ponto da pesquisa. Todavia, investigar sobre uma temática que não é muito abordada pela academia brasileira, até o presente momento, traz ânimo e motivação à acadêmica, e é isso que a desafiou a desenvolver
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