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International Naming Conventions NAFSA TX State Mtg
1 2 3 4 1. Transcription is a more phonetic interpretation, while transliteration represents the letters exactly 2. Why transcription instead of transliteration? • Some English vowel sounds don’t exist in the other language and vice‐versa • Some English consonant sounds don’t exist in the other language and vice‐versa • Some languages are not written with letters 3. What issues are related to transcription and transliteration? • Lack of consistent rules from some languages or varying sets of rules • Country variation in choice of rules • Country/regional variations in pronunciation • Same name may be transcribed differently even within the same family • More confusing when common or religious names cross over several countries with different scripts (i.e., Mohammad et al) 5 Dark green countries represent those countries where Arabic is the official language. Lighter green represents those countries in which Arabic is either one of several official languages or is a language of everyday usage. Middle East and Central Asia: • Kurdish and Turkmen in Iraq • Farsi (Persian) and Baluchi in Iran • Dari, Pashto and Uzbek in Afghanistan • Uyghur, Kazakh and Kyrgyz in northwest China South Asia: • Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi, Kashmiri, and Baluchi in Pakistan • Urdu and Kashmiri in India Southeast Asia: • Malay in Burma • Used for religious purposes in Malaysia, Indonesia, southern Thailand, Singapore, and the Philippines Africa: • Bedawi or Beja in Sudan • Hausa in Nigeria • Tamazight and other Berber languages 6 The name Mohamed is an excellent example. The name is literally written as M‐H‐M‐D. However, vowels and pronunciation depend on the region. D and T are interchangeable depending on the region, and the middle “M” is sometimes repeated when transcribed. -
Passing the Mantle: a New Leadership for Malaysia NO
ASIA PROGRAM SPECIAL REPORT NO. 116 SEPTEMBER 2003 INSIDE Passing the Mantle: BRIDGET WELSH Malaysia's Transition: A New Leadership for Malaysia Elite Contestation, Political Dilemmas and Incremental Change page 4 ABSTRACT: As Prime Minister Mohamad Mahathir prepares to step down after more than two decades in power, Malaysians are both anxious and hopeful. Bridget Welsh maintains that KARIM RASLAN the political succession has ushered in an era of shifting factions and political uncertainty,as indi- New Leadership, Heavy viduals vie for position in the post-Mahathir environment. Karim Raslan discusses the strengths Expectations and weaknesses of Mahathir’s hand-picked successor,Abdullah Ahmad Badawi. He maintains that Abdullah will do well at moderating the influence of Malaysia’s more radical Islamic leaders, but page 9 doubts whether the new prime minister can live up to the excessive expectations that the polit- ical transition has engendered. M. Bakri Musa expresses hope that Abdullah will succeed where M. BAKRI MUSA (in his view) Mahathir has failed. For example, he urges the new leadership to revise Malaysia’s Post-Mahathir three-decade affirmative action policy and to tackle the problem of corruption. Malaysia: Coasting Along page 13 Introduction All three experts in this Special Report emphasize continuity.All agree that basic gov- Amy McCreedy ernmental policies will not change much; for fter more than 22 years in power, example, Abdullah Badawi’s seemingly heartfelt Malaysia’s prime minister Mohamad pledges to address corruption will probably A Mahathir is stepping down. “I was founder in implementation.The contributors to taught by my mother that when I am in the this Report do predict that Abdullah will midst of enjoying my meal, I should stop eat- improve upon Mahathir in one area: moderat- ing,”he quipped, after his closing remarks to the ing the potentially destabilizing force of reli- UMNO party annual general assembly in June. -
Reference Guides for Registering Students with Non English Names
Getting It Right Reference Guides for Registering Students With Non-English Names Jason Greenberg Motamedi, Ph.D. Zafreen Jaffery, Ed.D. Allyson Hagen Education Northwest June 2016 U.S. Department of Education John B. King Jr., Secretary Institute of Education Sciences Ruth Neild, Deputy Director for Policy and Research Delegated Duties of the Director National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance Joy Lesnick, Acting Commissioner Amy Johnson, Action Editor OK-Choon Park, Project Officer REL 2016-158 The National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance (NCEE) conducts unbiased large-scale evaluations of education programs and practices supported by federal funds; provides research-based technical assistance to educators and policymakers; and supports the synthesis and the widespread dissemination of the results of research and evaluation throughout the United States. JUNE 2016 This project has been funded at least in part with federal funds from the U.S. Department of Education under contract number ED‐IES‐12‐C‐0003. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Education nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. REL Northwest, operated by Education Northwest, partners with practitioners and policymakers to strengthen data and research use. As one of 10 federally funded regional educational laboratories, we conduct research studies, provide training and technical assistance, and disseminate information. Our work focuses on regional challenges such as turning around low-performing schools, improving college and career readiness, and promoting equitable and excellent outcomes for all students. -
Howard J. Garber Letter Collection This Collection Was the Gift of Howard J
Howard J. Garber Letter Collection This collection was the gift of Howard J. Garber to Case Western Reserve University from 1979 to 1993. Dr. Howard Garber, who donated the materials in the Howard J. Garber Manuscript Collection, is a former Clevelander and alumnus of Case Western Reserve University. Between 1979 and 1993, Dr. Garber donated over 2,000 autograph letters, documents and books to the Department of Special Collections. Dr. Garber's interest in history, particularly British royalty led to his affinity for collecting manuscripts. The collection focuses primarily on political, historical and literary figures in Great Britain and includes signatures of all the Prime Ministers and First Lords of the Treasury. Many interesting items can be found in the collection, including letters from Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Robert Browning Thomas Hardy, Queen Victoria, Prince Albert, King George III, and Virginia Woolf. Descriptions of the Garber Collection books containing autographs and tipped-in letters can be found in the online catalog. Box 1 [oversize location noted in description] Abbott, Charles (1762-1832) English Jurist. • ALS, 1 p., n.d., n.p., to ? A'Beckett, Gilbert A. (1811-1856) Comic Writer. • ALS, 3p., April 7, 1848, Mount Temple, to Morris Barnett. Abercrombie, Lascelles. (1881-1938) Poet and Literary Critic. • A.L.S., 1 p., March 5, n.y., Sheffield, to M----? & Hughes. Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon (1784-1860) British Prime Minister. • ALS, 1 p., June 8, 1827, n.p., to Augustous John Fischer. • ANS, 1 p., August 9, 1839, n.p., to Mr. Wright. • ALS, 1 p., January 10, 1853, London, to Cosmos Innes. -
Ideologies of Honorific Language
Pragmatics2:3.25 l -262 InternationalPrasmatics Association IDEOLOGIES OF HONORIFIC LANGUAGE Judith T. Irvine 1. Introductionr All sociolinguisticsystems, presumably, provide some meansof expressingrespect (or disrespect);but only some systems have grammaticalized honorifics. This paper comparesseveral languages - Javanese,Wolof, and Zulu, plus a glance at ChiBemba - with regard to honorific expressionsand the social and cultural frameworks relevant thereto.2The main questionto be exploredis whether one can identiff any special cultural concomitants of linguistic systems in which the expression of respect is grammaticalized. Javanese"language levels" are a classicand well-describedexample of a system for the expressionof respect. In the sensein which I shall define "grammaticalized honorifics,"Javanese provides an apt illustration.Wolof, on the other hand, does not. Of course,Javanese is only one of several Asian languageswell known for honorific constructions,while Wolof, spokenin Senegal,comes from another part of the globe. But the presence or absence of honorifics is not an area characteristic of Asian languagesas opposed to African languages.As we shall see, Zulu has a system of lexicalalternates bearing a certain typological resemblanceto the Javanesesystem. Moreover,many other Bantu languages(such as ChiBemba) also have grammaticalized honorifics,but in the morphology rather than in the lexicon. Focusing on social structure instead of on geographical area, one might hypothesizethat grammaticalized honorifics occur where there are royal courts (Wenger1982) and in societieswhose traditions emphasize social rank and precedence. Honorificswould be a linguisticmeans of expressingconventionalized differences of rank.The languagesI shall comparewill make it evident,however, that a hypothesis causallylinking honorifics with court life or with entrenchedclass differences cannot be 1 An earlierversion of this paperwas presentedat a sessionon "Languageldeology" at the 1991annual meeting of the AmericanAnthropological Association. -
Yoshida Akiyo Justin.Pdf
iii Title: The Perceptions of Native English Speakers Regarding Thai Nicknames Based on English Loanwords Author: Mr. Justin Akiyo Yoshida Degree: Master of Arts in English Language Studies Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University Advisors: Assistant Professor Dr. Sooksil Prasongsook Assistant Professor Dr. Mayureesirin Siriwan Year: 2019 ABSTRACT The objectives of this research were 1) to identify Thai nicknames that are loanwords from the English language within a sample group and 2) determine the reasons they were chosen. Another objective 3) was to determine how native English speakers perceive Thai nicknames. It was necessary to identify Thai nicknames that were loanwords from the English language, as well as determine if/ why English loanwords were purposefully chosen as nicknames. The methods for data collection were surveys of 155 parents and teachers of children with foreign nicknames and semi-structured interviews of 29 of that group. Determining how these nicknames were perceived by native English speakers was achieved by analyzing previous studies of nicknames and loanwords used by Thai speakers of English during conversation in English. Then, 100 native English speakers were surveyed and interviewed about what they thought of nicknames on the list collected in the first survey. The method of data analysis was content analysis and statistics were expressed in simple percentages. The results from the survey of parents at the chosen school showed that approximately one in six students had a nickname that may have originated from English. The main reasons nicknames were chosen were for (perceived) good meaning and how they sound. However, the results showed that many nicknames and meanings perceived to be NES ( Native English Speaker’ s) English by Thais are actually not, resulting in names that may sound strange or carry a negative meaning. -
J. Hooykaas the Rainbow in Ancient Indonesian Religion In
J. Hooykaas The rainbow in ancient Indonesian religion In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 112 (1956), no: 3, Leiden, 291-322 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 02:58:39PM via free access THE RAINBOW IN ANCIENT INDONESIAN RELIGION Still seems, as to my childhood's sight A midway station given For happy spirits to alight Betwixt the earth and heaven. THOMASCAMPBELL, TO the Rainbow st. 2 Introductwn. earth is not without a bond with heaven. The Bible tells US that in a fine passage, where the rainbow appeared as a token of Ethis bond, Gen. IX.13: I do set My bow in the cloud and it shall be for a token of a covenant between Me and the earth. The Greeks also knew, that, however easy-going their gods might be, there was a link between them and mortal men. That link was represented by Homer as the fleet-footed Iris, who with later poets became the personification of the rainbow. A beautiful picture of the Lord in a 12th century English psalter 1 shows that the rainbow also in Christian conception keeps its place as 'a token of a covenant', for Christ, in that picture, is seated on a rain- bow, with His feet nesting on a smaller bow. Thus we Europeans are acquainted with the rainbow as the bond between heaven and earth through both sources of culture which still nourish our civilisation. It hardly needs emphasizing, that each religion has its own view ofthe rainbow. -
The Graphigs Programming Interface: Technical Reference Font File Naming Conventions
ThegraPHIGSProgrammingInterface: Technical Reference SC23-6625-00 ThegraPHIGSProgrammingInterface: Technical Reference SC23-6625-00 Note Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in Appendix F, “Notices,” on page 407. First Edition (November 2007) This edition applies to the GDDM/graPHIGS Programming Interface, Version 2, Release 2.5, program number 5688-093, AIXwindows Environment/6000 (1.3) AIXwindows/3D feature, Program Number 5601-257, and to all subsequent releases of this product until otherwise indicated in new editions. © Copyright IBM Corporation 1994, 2007. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents About This Book ................................vii Who Should Use This Book .............................vii Highlighting ...................................vii ISO 9000 ...................................vii Related Publications ...............................vii Part 1. Workstations .............................1 Chapter 1. General Information for Workstations ....................3 Accessing a Workstation ..............................3 Description Tables in the graPHIGS API ........................5 Chapter 2. Supported Workstations .........................15 The X Workstation Family .............................15 Additional Notes for DWA Adapters ..........................36 The XSOFT Workstation ..............................41 The 6090 Workstation ...............................43 The 5080 Workstation -
Comparison of Spanish Colonization—Latin America and the Philippines
Title: Comparison of Spanish Colonization—Latin America and the Philippines Teacher: Anne Sharkey, Huntley High School Summary: This lesson took part as a comparison of the different aspects of the Spanish maritime empires with a comparison of Spanish colonization of Mexico & Cuba to that of the Philippines. The lessons in this unit begin with a basic understanding of each land based empire of the time period 1450-1750 (Russia, Ottomans, China) and then with a movement to the maritime transoceanic empires (Spain, Portugal, France, Britain). This lesson will come after the students already have been introduced to the Spanish colonial empire and the Spanish trade systems through the Atlantic and Pacific. Through this lesson the students will gain an understanding of Spanish systems of colonial rule and control of the peoples and the territories. The evaluation of causes of actions of the Spanish, reactions to native populations, and consequences of Spanish involvement will be discussed with the direct correlation between the social systems and structures created, the influence of the Christian missionaries, the rebellions and conflicts with native populations between the two locations in the Latin American Spanish colonies and the Philippines. Level: High School Content Area: AP World History, World History, Global Studies Duration: Lesson Objectives: Students will be able to: Compare the economic, political, social, and cultural structures of the Spanish involvement in Latin America with the Spanish involvement with the Philippines Compare the effects of mercantilism on Latin America and the Philippines Evaluate the role of the encomienda and hacienda system on both regions Evaluate the influence of the silver trade on the economies of both regions Analyze the creation of a colonial society through the development of social classes—Peninsulares, creoles, mestizos, mulattos, etc. -
DNA Evidence of a Croatian and Sephardic Jewish Settlement on the North Carolina Coast Dating from the Mid to Late 1500S Elizabeth C
International Social Science Review Volume 95 | Issue 2 Article 2 DNA Evidence of a Croatian and Sephardic Jewish Settlement on the North Carolina Coast Dating from the Mid to Late 1500s Elizabeth C. Hirschman James A. Vance Jesse D. Harris Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/issr Part of the Anthropology Commons, Communication Commons, Genealogy Commons, Geography Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, Jewish Studies Commons, Political Science Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Hirschman, Elizabeth C.; Vance, James A.; and Harris, Jesse D. () "DNA Evidence of a Croatian and Sephardic Jewish Settlement on the North Carolina Coast Dating from the Mid to Late 1500s," International Social Science Review: Vol. 95 : Iss. 2 , Article 2. Available at: https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/issr/vol95/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Social Science Review by an authorized editor of Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. DNA Evidence of a Croatian and Sephardic Jewish Settlement on the North Carolina Coast Dating from the Mid to Late 1500s Cover Page Footnote Elizabeth C. Hirschman is the Hill Richmond Gott rP ofessor of Business at The nivU ersity of Virginia's College at Wise. James A. Vance is an Associate Professor of Mathematics at The nivU ersity of Virginia's College at Wise. Jesse D. Harris is a student studying Computer Science -
Gaelic Names of Plants
[DA 1] <eng> GAELIC NAMES OF PLANTS [DA 2] “I study to bring forth some acceptable work: not striving to shew any rare invention that passeth a man’s capacity, but to utter and receive matter of some moment known and talked of long ago, yet over long hath been buried, and, as it seemed, lain dead, for any fruit it hath shewed in the memory of man.”—Churchward, 1588. [DA 3] GAELIC NAMES OE PLANTS (SCOTTISH AND IRISH) COLLECTED AND ARRANGED IN SCIENTIFIC ORDER, WITH NOTES ON THEIR ETYMOLOGY, THEIR USES, PLANT SUPERSTITIONS, ETC., AMONG THE CELTS, WITH COPIOUS GAELIC, ENGLISH, AND SCIENTIFIC INDICES BY JOHN CAMERON SUNDERLAND “WHAT’S IN A NAME? THAT WHICH WE CALL A ROSE BY ANY OTHER NAME WOULD SMELL AS SWEET.” —Shakespeare. WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS EDINBURGH AND LONDON MDCCCLXXXIII All Rights reserved [DA 4] [Blank] [DA 5] TO J. BUCHANAN WHITE, M.D., F.L.S. WHOSE LIFE HAS BEEN DEVOTED TO NATURAL SCIENCE, AT WHOSE SUGGESTION THIS COLLECTION OF GAELIC NAMES OF PLANTS WAS UNDERTAKEN, This Work IS RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED BY THE AUTHOR. [DA 6] [Blank] [DA 7] PREFACE. THE Gaelic Names of Plants, reprinted from a series of articles in the ‘Scottish Naturalist,’ which have appeared during the last four years, are published at the request of many who wish to have them in a more convenient form. There might, perhaps, be grounds for hesitation in obtruding on the public a work of this description, which can only be of use to comparatively few; but the fact that no book exists containing a complete catalogue of Gaelic names of plants is at least some excuse for their publication in this separate form. -
Name Standards User Guide
User Guide Contents SEVIS Name Standards 1 SEVIS Name Fields 2 SEVIS Name Standards Tied to Standards for Machine-readable Passport 3 Applying the New Name Standards 3 Preparing for the New Name Standards 4 Appendix 1: Machine-readable Passport Name Standards 5 Understanding the Machine-readable Passport 5 Name Standards in the Visual Inspection Zone (VIZ) 5 Name Standards in the Machine-readable Zone (MRZ) 6 Transliteration of Names 7 Appendix 2: Comparison of Names in Standard Passports 10 Appendix 3: Exceptional Situations 12 Missing Passport MRZ 12 SEVIS Name Order 12 Unclear Name Order 14 Names-Related Resources 15 Bibliography 15 Document Revision History 15 SEVP will implement a set of standards for all nonimmigrant names entered into SEVIS. This user guide describes the new standards and their relationship to names written in passports. SEVIS Name Standards Name standards help SEVIS users: Comply with the standards governing machine-readable passports. Convert foreign names into standardized formats. Get better results when searching for names in government systems. Improve the accuracy of name matching with other government systems. Prevent the unacceptable entry of characters found in some names. SEVIS Name Standards User Guide SEVIS Name Fields SEVIS name fields will be long enough to capture the full name. Use the information entered in the Machine-Readable Zone (MRZ) of a passport as a guide when entering names in SEVIS. Field Names Standards Surname/Primary Name Surname or the primary identifier as shown in the MRZ