Amazon Fires

Issue no: 1180/195 • AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 • PUBLISHED TWICE WEEKLY PRICE: GEL 2.50

In this week’s issue...

Weekly Entrepreneurial News @entrepreneur.ge NEWS PAGE 2 A Play-by-Play of the Rustavi 2 Fight for Journalism BUSINESS PAGE 3 Mtevino – The Path from Hobby to Big Business FOCUS BUSINESS PAGE 4 Georgian Women Mark ON THE Equal Pay Day BBSMAF 2019 BUSINESS PAGE 4 Hear exclusively from Elisso Bolkvadze on the upcoming General Manager of Hilton Batumi music and arts fest PAGE 11 Batumi: Georgia is among the Fastest Growing Tourism Destinations Amazon Fires – What’s BUSINESS PAGE 6 With the Support of the Happening & What Can You Do? Gov’t of Belarus, the BY AMY JONES Partnership Fund Launches Georgian House in Minsk rench President Emmanuel Macron has stated that world pow- BUSINESS PAGE 8 ers are close to an agreement regarding how to fi ght the fi res currently raging through the Amazon in Brazil. “There’s a real convergence to say ‘Let’s all agree to help those Abkhazians & Ossetians in countries hit by these fi res,’” he stated at the G7 summit Biar- ritz,F whilst acknowledging countries had different views. Georgia. A Short History Since January 2019, more than 74,000 forest fi res have caused destruc- tion in the Brazilian Amazon, an increase of 83% compared to the same period in 2018. Known as the ‘Lungs of the Planet’, many fear for air qual- (A Handout for Politicians) ity, not just in the region but around the globe. POLITICS PAGE 10

Prepared for Georgia Today Business by Markets Asof23ͲAugͲ2019 STOCKS Price w/w m/m BONDS Price w/w m/m Image source: Sky News BankofGeorgia(BGEOLN) GBP13.69 +3,1% Ͳ12,2% GEOROG04/21 104.61(YTM3.86%) Ͳ0,1% Ͳ0,3% GeorgiaCapital(CGEOLN) GBP10.26 Ͳ0,4% +2,6% GEORG04/21 106.01(YTM3.06%) +0,1% +0,2% Home to important biodiversity, the Amazon is reaching a tipping point, GHG(GHGLN) GBP2.27 +0,9% Ͳ3,0% GRAIL07/22 109.94(YTM4.05%) +0,3% +0,0% say scientists. There is a real risk that the biggest rainforest on the planet TBCBankGroup(TBCGLN) GBP12.76 Ͳ1,8% Ͳ14,4% GEBGG07/23 102.39(YTM5.31%) +0,3% +0,9% could become a dry savannah should illegal deforestation continue. COMMODITIES Price w/w m/m CURRENCIES Price w/w m/m CrudeOil,Brent(US$/bbl) 59,34 +1,2% Ͳ7,0% GEL/USD 2,9286 +0,7% +0,7% Preliminary satellite data from Brazil’s space agency has shown that GoldSpot(US$/OZ) 1526,96 +0,9% +7,7% GEL/EUR 3,2588 +1,0% +0,4% trees are being cleared at the rate of fi ve football pitches per minute, GEL/GBP 3,5969 +1,7% Ͳ0,6% INDICES Price w/w m/m GEL/CHF 3,0060 +1,0% +2,2% meaning 2,254 sq km were destroyed last month, a record level. FTSE100 7094,98 Ͳ0,3% Ͳ6,1% GEL/RUB 0,0444 +1,4% Ͳ3,5% FTSE250 19236,13 +2,2% Ͳ2,6% GEL/TRY 0,5087 Ͳ2,4% +0,1% Although Brazil’s right-wing president Jair Bolsonaro has encouraged DAX 11611,51 +0,4% Ͳ7,0% GEL/AZN 1,7271 +0,7% +0,9% mining, farming and logging in the Amazon and attacked conservation DOWJONES 25628,90 Ͳ1,0% Ͳ6,3% GEL/AMD 0,0062 +1,6% +1,6% NASDAQ 7751,77 Ͳ1,8% Ͳ6,1% GEL/UAH 0,1167 +1,0% +2,8% NGOs, there are numerous factors that have caused the increase in defor- MSCIEMEE 165,37 +2,5% Ͳ6,5% EUR/USD 0,8975 Ͳ0,5% +0,1% estation. The agricultural industry has also lobbied to weaken the pro- MSCIEM 973,66 +0,3% Ͳ7,8% GBP/USD 0,8138 Ͳ1,2% +1,2% SP500 2847,11 Ͳ1,4% Ͳ5,3% CHF/USD 0,9743 Ͳ0,4% Ͳ1,1% tection system that was in place until 2014. MSCIFM 2615,14 Ͳ0,1% Ͳ7,4% RUB/USD 66,0500 Ͳ0,7% +4,5% GTIndex(GEL) 1582,68 ͲͲTRY/USD 5,7593 +3,2% +0,7% Continued on page 2 GTIndex(USD) 1208,13 ͲͲAZN/USD 1,6980 Ͳ0,1% Ͳ0,3% GEORGIA TODAY 2 NEWS AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 Europe, US Do Not Recognize "Elections" in Abkhazia @entrepreneur.ge not acknowledge their outcome. Simi- Georgia says that the statement was Gamarjoba! I’m the Editor-in-Chief of the Georgian edition of BY ANA DUMBADZE Entrepreneur magazine and I’m here to share the top weekly larly, we do not recognize the legitimacy made upon the initiative of Poland. Entrepreneurial news with you: or outcome of the so-called ‘parliamen- The second round of so-called elec- tary elections’ held in Georgia’s South tions is expected to be held in Abkhazia. urope and the US have Ossetia/Tskhinvali region on June 9, As a result of the fi rst round of the A new wine cellar “Gugoshvilebis Marani” released a joint statement on 2019. "Presidential elections" held in the (Gugoshvili’s Cellar), integrating three the so-called “presidential "We reiterate our full support for the region, so-called president Raul hectares of orchards and 15 hectares of elections” held in Georgia’s territorial integrity and sovereignty of Khajimba was named leader with 26.6% vineyards, has been opened in Kvareli. Guests Russian-occupied Abkhazia Georgia within its internationally rec- of votes. will have an opportunity to try wine tasting region,E saying they do not recognize ognized borders. Te "Abkhazian central election com- hosted by Tamaz Gugoshvili, who started the legitimacy of the "elections" con- "We once again urge Russia to fulfi ll mission” stated on Sunday evening planting orchards and vineyards many years ducted by the de facto authorities in all of its obligations under the 2008 that votes had been counted at 150 out ago with the idea to transform the territory Sokhumi on August 25, 2019. ceasefi re agreement, including the with- of 154 polling stations and according into a cellar from the very beginning. Today, “Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Canada, drawal of its forces to pre-confl ict posi- to the counting results, Raul Khajimba guests will discover a tasting room, clay bread Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithu- tions and the provision of free access received 26.6%, Alkhas Kvitsiani - oven, a barbeque and old-style factory on site. ania, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, for humanitarian assistance to these 24.6%, and former so-called deputy Chacha distillation also takes place here and Ukraine, United Kingdom and United regions, as well to reverse its recogni- foreign minister Oleg Arshba - 24.9% there is a tank for 150 tons of wine in the cellar. Sates of America do not recognize the tion of the Georgian regions of Abkha- of votes. legitimacy of the so-called ‘presidential zia and South Ossetia as independent According to the preliminary results, Georgian app ‘DG,’ the brainchild of designer elections’ held in Georgia’s Abkhazia states,” the mentioned countries said a second round of "elections" is expected Tamaz Arunashvili and architect David region by the de facto authorities in in a joint statement." to be held between Raul Khajimba and Botchorishvili, is to introduce virtually restored Sokhumi on August 25, 2019, and will The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Oleg Arshba. cultural monuments to visitors. With the help of art experts and programming specialists, DG is to digitally restore the ruins of historic monuments. Amazon Fires – What’s Happening & What Can You Do? After restoration, users will be able to see the original appearance of a particular monument, Continued from page 1 ing your meat consumption is the biggest Trees are also cut down in the Amazon discover its architectural details through change you can make to slow down cli- to create paper and wooden products. Augmented Reality (AR) technology and even make Last week, Georgian President Salome mate change. With vegetarian and vegan Avoid printing out documents unless projections. The launch of the app is still underway. Zurabishvili tweeted ‘Georgia’s Heart is cafes in Tbilisi such as Kiwi Vegan Cafe absolutely necessary or use recycled Downloading DG will be free of charge, while each Burning with the Amazon. We join the and Mama Terra, as well as plenty of paper. If you buy products made from historical monument is to have a particular price. struggle to save our planet and call to fresh and tasty fruits and vegetables, wood, check if it is local and sustainably #ActFortheAmazon,’ although she did Georgia is an easy place to become veg- sourced. Yet another interesting player has been introduced not mention a concrete plan of how etarian. If you can’t bear the thought of 4. Lobby politicians to the Georgian tech market. Amadaam is the name Georgia could help the international not eating meat, make sure you buy local Collective and political actions will of a Georgian software engineering company struggle. and that any beef from Brazil is certifi ed make the biggest difference. You could focused on business digitalization. Their service is to Millions of people around the world by groups like that Rainforest Alliance. write to MPs in Georgia, encouraging be available for Georgian as well as international including prominent celebrities and 2. Take public transport them to make the environment their companies and their fi rst product launched on the politicians have taken to social media to Georgia has poor air quality and pol- priority, not just in the Amazon, but in Georgian market came at the request of one of the express their anger at the situation in luted cities as cars produce high levels Georgia too. You can also join a campaign country’s largest banks. The initial capital of Brazil. However, words are not enough. of CO2, especially older models that are group that focuses on the Amazon or Amadaam came from the pockets of the founders, So, what can you do to help the Amazon? frequently driven in Georgia. Taking donate to organizations that help the who say there are impressive plans set for the future. 1. Stop eating meat public transport rather than a private Amazon such as Greenpeace, Friends of Follow the Entrepreneur Georgia Instagram page to get the latest updates from The meat industry is a big factor of the taxi or car will reduce your carbon foot- the Earth, WWF, Greenpeace, Instituto Georgian Entrepreneurs. For doing business with Georgian Entrepreneurs, write us on Amazon fi res as farmers burn trees to print. Or, even better – cycle! Socioambiental, Amazon Watch, or Inter- [email protected] create grazing pastures for cattle. Reduc- 3. Use less paper national Rivers. GEORGIA TODAY AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 BUSINESS 3 A Play-by-Play of the Rustavi 2 Fight for Journalism

fi rst warning the Prosecutor's Offi ce. BY NINI DAKHUNDARIDZE That day, Khalvashi revealed his plan to sell 100% shares of Rustavi 2, naming insuffi cient fi nances “to pull the company out of its deep crisis” as the t’s hard to mark the start point for the Rustavi reason for his decision. The Georgian businessman 2 case, as over the years it has been top news put the blame on Gvaramia, saying: “The former more than once. But let’s take a look at the CEO of the company, Nika Gvaramia, to whom most recent events of the current saga. Rustavi 2 was only an instrument of political strug- In October 2018, Bidzina Ivanishvili, Geor- gle, did not manage the company in good faith. It Igian businessman and ex-Prime Minister, who had turns out he was practically robbing the company returned as a Chairperson of the Georgian Dream and is now openly threatening that he will destroy political party in April, gave a controversial inter- it. I am sure that was his interest from the very view to TV Pirveli. While the Chairperson of the beginning.” Georgian Dream explained later that his statements On August 15, Gvaramia offi cially refused to pay aimed to reveal the government’s plan to fi lter the the bail, claiming that as he had committed no lies told by media, many journalists received Ivan- crime, he saw no reason to pay anything. ishvili’s words as a threat. “Everything and every- Three days later, he announced the establishment one in our society will be found out within a year… of a new TV Channel, Mtavari Arkhi, writing on I also promise that Rustavi 2 will no longer be able his Facebook page that he is to be the owner and to hold such a big part of our society hostage, refuse director of the new company. Later, he said it already to listen to different points of view and generate had investors and would have “a better building lies and stress. We will do our best to have a dif- and technologies than Rustavi 2.” ferentiated opinion enter Rustavi 2,” he said. On August 20, Khalvashi announced that as no It took less than a year, however, to completely real buyer had shown a desire to purchase the reform Rustavi 2. In August 2019, Rustavi 2, at least shares of Rustavi 2, he had either to fi le for bank- as we knew it, has been removed from the Geor- ruptcy or try and save the company. Choosing, the gian media market. “go big” option, Khalvashi reported that he would On July 18, businessman Kibar Khalvashi was try to save the channel. Once his decision was made offi cially registered as the owner of Rustavi 2 TV. public, the new Director-General announced that The data of the Public Registry shows that 60% of employees would be dismissed from Rustavi 2. Rustavi 2 broadcasting company is owned by Khal- This included Head of TV’s News Department, vashi, while 40% is registered to the company Nodar Meladze, and TV anchors Giorgi Gabunia, Panorama, which is also owned by Khalvashi. Upon Eka Kvesitadze, Nanuka Zhorzholiani as well as his arrival at Rustavi 2, Khalvashi stated that Gvar- the secretary of the Director General, and producer amia would soon be replaced by his lawyer, Paata Giorgi Laperashvili. Salia. On the same day, the European Court of His July 18 promise not to change the editorial Human Rights delivered a verdict in the Rustavi 2 policy of the TV company was turning sour. ownership case claiming it could fi nd no violations GEORGIA TODAY spoke to Nanuka Zhorzho- of any article of the European Convention on Human liani, one of the leading TV anchors and journalists Rights. The Strasbourg Court also brought to a in the Georgian media market talking about her close the temporary measure which had suspended future plans after being forced to leave Rustavi 2. the judgment of the Supreme Court of Georgia “I will continue to work in journalism alongside with regards Rustavi 2’s true owners. Accordingly, Gvaramia at Mtavari Arkhi. My program on Mta- the TV company was re-registered to shareholder vari Arkhi will take the form of social talk-show,” Kibar Khalvashi, as had previously been decided she told us. Nanuka also revealed that her Youtube by the courts of three instances in Georgia. Channel will become more and more active and Soon after the TV Channel was re-registered to there she will “go live and offer reportages about Khalvashi, he announced to the media: popular topics among society.” “I’m not going to change the editorial policy of TV anchors Diana Jojua and Misha Sesiashvili Rustavi 2. The changes will only apply to one per- left Rustavi 2 while on air. “I cannot sit as a TV son – Nika Gvaramia, who was appointed to his anchor for a TV channel that belongs to a Kremlin post by the regime which took my company from employee,” Jojua said, referring to Bidzina Ivanish- me [the ex-government],” Khalvashi said. vili. “Today, I have to say goodbye, I cannot work Simultaneously, an investigation against Nika for Rustavi 2 anymore, now that it has become Gvaramia was demanded by 9% shareholder of the impossible to speak the truth here.” TV Channel, Nino Nizharadze, and her lawyer. The next day, more journalists left Rustavi 2 in They reported that Gvaramia had abused his offi - protest, in all 18, making up the majority of the cial authority and made decisions which were Rustavi 2 team. harmful to the TV channel. On August 22, Rustavi 2 TV anchors Lasha On August 2, Nika Gvaramia was questioned at Bughadze, Keti Devdariani, Nestan Nene Kvini- the Prosecutor’s Offi ce. Kakha Damenia, former kadze and Dato Turashvili also left the channel. director of Rustavi 2, was called in the following “There is no alternative to freedom and freedom day, the main theme of interest being income and is not for sale,” they said of their decision to quit. advertising of the channel in 2015. Gvaramia invited them all to join him at Mtavari On August 9, Gvaramia was charged for commit- Arkhi. ting an offense under Article 220 of the Criminal “The top players who created Rustavi 2 are on Code of Georgia, involving the use of managerial board and we are about to take off…It’s up to you and representational powers in an enterprise against whether you want to be with the winners and hop the legitimate interest of that enterprise for the on the departing ship [or stay with] Ivanishvili’s purpose of profi ting from others, which caused TV channel. Don’t say later that you had no choice,” signifi cant damage. read Gvaramia’s Facebook Post. Gvaramia denied his presumed guilt. “They will It is reported that journalists are already signing regret making such shameful moves against me,” up to join the new TV channel whose logo reads he said. “Get Your Freedom with Us.” Mtavari Arkhi will On August 12, Tbilisi City Court ordered Nika go on air in September. What will become of the Gvaramia to pay 40,000 GEL bail. Additionally, previous “freedom fi ghter” TV channel, Rustavi 2, they banned him from leaving the country without is yet to be seen. GEORGIA TODAY 4 BUSINESS AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 Mtevino – The Path from Hobby to Big Business

“We have been striving to ‘conquer’ large markets TRANSLATED BY KETEVAN KVARATSKHELIYA from the very beginning, including Russia, China, Europe, as well as the US. The USA represents a lot of work for us. We have enough contacts from n the way to Kakheti the vineyards the US who have visited Georgia and seen the proof Nika Zautashvili can be found cess of construction and full equipping of the fac- stretched over 10 hectares in the vil- tory with Italian machinery.” lage of Khashmi, Sagarejo Municipal- The US market is divided into the ‘American’ and ity. Construction of a factory, hotel ‘Ethno’ categories. The ethno-market envisages andO wine cellar nestled in the middle of the vine- Georgian restaurants and small-businesses operat- yard are set for completion this year, and by the ing in the US. Covering a typical American, large- end of next January, nearly 700,000 bottles of wine scale market is quite diffi cult, but it is, Zautashvili will start ‘conquering’ local and international mar- says, achievable. “American wine marketing is kets. The founder of Mtevino is a typical entrepre- completely different – from packaging to sales loca- neur. Winemaking, once launched as a hobby, cur- tions.” rently represents his unique business model as do “Although Georgian wine has been exported to large-scale plans and goals. the US for years already, I think the potential of After consulting with his spouse, who wholly the market has yet to be fully assimilated. Export- supported his ambitions for success, Zautashvili ing 300,000 bottles of wine to the US, a country decided to buy a relatively small plot of land in with a population of 330 million, is not a satisfac- Khashmi. He then went on to integrate the experi- tory result to my mind. We aim to improve this ence he had obtained while working for interna- fi gure,” he says. tional companies and managing private business Working on the label design is already complete, Nika Zautashvili in his own project. with Achiko Gogelia, a friend of Zautashvili’s, as ness role model for Nika Zautashvili. Multifunc- And he has other plans too. the designer. The company’s team is supervised THE SAN-FRANCISCO MODEL tional buildings in the middle of vineyards, inte- “We own 10 hectares: half of that is vineyard that by Lela Kobiashvili, Zautashvili’s wife and the co- Viniculture and winemaking are particularly wide- grating hotel, degustation area and wine cellar. will be harvested this year. At this stage we have founder of the company, who also holds the posi- spread and respectable activities in Georgia. There Along with winemaking, a chateau is an interesting nearly 18,000 vines. However, we are not only tion of Director General of Mtevino. are dozens of wine varieties produced in the home- destination for tourists, offering them the chance focused on our own grape, we also plan to purchase “Our staff boasts the best employees, much con- land of wine, while hundreds of thousands of wine to taste wine and local cuisine and spend a night and are in active communication with local villag- tributing to the fast success of the company. We bottles are exported to various international mar- in comfort. Zautashvili’s hotel will boast 12 fully ers and neighboring vineyards and will use their have a brand ambassador, logistics manager, markets, including Eastern and Western Europe, China, serviced rooms and will host each visitor with wine grape to launch the enterprise,” Zautashvili says. keting manager, viticulturist, and commercial direc- Japan and the USA. of local production. It seems his business has revived the local win- tor. I expect to come out on top with this team,” Zautashvili decided to engage in that successful emakers and a number of neighbors have recom- Zautashvili states. winemaking sector. Two years later, after purchas- KHASHMI SAPERAVI menced working on their previously defunct vine- “The right management is paramount for suc- ing the vineyards, he decided to build a factory. The village of Khashmi is the homeland of the yards. cess. I see no risks. Georgia currently represents “My wife and I started everything together, went famous grape variety Khashmi Saperavi. Prior to an ideal platform for starting a business. I’m sure through all the bureaucratic levels and prepared building the chateau, thanks to Zautashvili, the MAJOR AIM – THE US MARKET I will launch a product which will be tradable and all the necessary documents. The construction Ministry of Agriculture of Georgia added Khashmi “We plan to produce approximately 700,000 bottles in high demand in Georgia, as well as the rest of process is run by X2, the successful building com- Saperavi to its list of Georgian wines, envisaging of wine from this year’s harvest, 80% of which will be the world.” pany belonging to my friends. I feel confi dent in protection of that wine variety in accordance with allocated for the international market, with the remain- my choice and was happy to hear of my brother’s all the international agreements and conventions der for distribution in Georgia,” Zautashvili says. Originally printed in Entrepreneur Georgia magazine. decision to go back to private business and leave that Georgia has signed or is attached to. politics. [EDITOR’S NOTE: Levan Zautashvili, the former governor of Mtskheta-Mtianeti]. He has MTEVINO – THE BEGINNING OF A exceptionally impressive experience in business NEW LIFE IN KHASHMI VILLAGE management and I am sure that he will also be Nika Zautashvili is to start producing eight differ- Georgian successful at winemaking.” ent wines, including Khashmi Saperavi, Kindzma- The chateaux of San-Francisco represent a busi- rauli, Rkatsiteli and more, by the end of January. Women Mark Equal Pay Day Image source: Teen Vogue to housewives and economically inactive women; BY THEA MORRISON • Minister of Economy Natia Turnava should take responsibility to develop and introduce a strategy for the economic empowerment of women. t is Equal Pay Day. That is not something to The Public Defender of Georgia, Nino Lomjaria, celebrate. This is the slogan of the Georgian also got involved in the campaign. According to Women’s Movement which marked Equal the Ombudsman, ensuring gender equality in labor Pay Day on August 23 to highlight the dif- relations and the economic empowerment of women ference between men's and women's salaries, remains a challenge in Georgia, which in turn has Iwhich in Georgia is 36%. a negative impact on women's legal status, includ- The organization says studies show that high ing increasing their vulnerability to discrimination wage differences directly increase the number of and domestic violence. economically inactive women. Lomjaria stressed the gender pay gap negatively “The wage gap also has a bad impact on child impacts the general state of women's equality and poverty - the poorer the mother, the more diffi cult forms the basis for discriminatory restriction of the life her child has. The pay gap makes women certain basic rights. She adds that there are still economically dependent on the family, which in stereotypes in Georgia that defi ne gender barriers turn increases the risk of violence against women,” to women's participation in social life. She also the statement released by the organization reads. claims that the existence of barriers regarding The Georgian Women’s Movement says the sal- women’s fi nancial income may in some cases lead ary difference has many causes, among them: to social marginalization of certain groups of women. • Wage discrimination on the basis of gender in “The economic situation of women is signifi - the workplace; cantly linked to domestic violence, as one of the • The burden of unpaid domestic labor; obstacles to escaping domestic violence is the • "Glass ceiling", i.e. invisible barriers to promo- fi nancial dependence on the abuser or his family. tion; Despite this problem, there is still no methodol- • Dividing jobs into female and male sectors. ogy in Georgia for determining equal value labor, The organization also says that according to the which subsequently impedes accurate payroll data National Statistics Offi ce (Geostat), 42% of women and planning of appropriate measures, the Ombuds- are economically inactive. man stressed, adding the measures taken by the “The high level of economically inactive women state in terms of the economic empowerment of is unjustifi ed in the context of poverty in the coun- women and improvement of labor rights are insuf- try. The government must ensure a non-discrimi- fi cient. natory wage and labor conditions that will empower The Public Defender of Georgia calls on the rel- women and boost the country's economy. The best evant government agencies to be actively involved experience of foreign countries shows that the pay in addressing gender pay gap issues, and to plan gap can be overcome through specifi c reforms,” effective measures to reduce the current imbalance the statement reads. and increase women's economic participation. In addition to prohibiting pay discrimination, The National Statistics Offi ce of Georgia said the signatory organizations call on the authorities to: gender pay gap in Georgia is quite high at 36%. • Prohibit wage discrimination under the Labor However, according to the 2018 Global Gender Code; Inequality Index, Georgia has moved from 69th • Develop an anti-pay gap action plan that sets out of 149 countries to 45th in terms of equal pay. out mechanisms to combat differences in wages; According to the average gender income, the • Attract investments and invest in social infra- estimated annual income of a man in Georgia is structure that will help redistribute women's twice that of a woman and in terms of participa- domestic burdens and create additional jobs; tion in unpaid family work, the contribution of • Develop vocational training programs tailored women is almost twice that of men’s.

GEORGIA TODAY 6 BUSINESS AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 General Manager of Hilton Batumi: Georgia is among the Fastest Growing Tourism Destinations

market, e.g. direct fl ights from Saudi BY ANA DUMBADZE Arabia to Batumi is only one success story of the recent changes. Infrastruc- ture such as highways, better and faster he tourism and hotel indus- train connections between the east and try have always been crucial west of the country connecting Kakheti, fi elds for Georgia’s econ- Tbilisi with Kutaisi/Airport and Batumi, omy, however, the progress as well as direct fl ights to and from achieved in these directions Batumi throughout the year, are key Thas become even more important in strategic pillars for a faster and organi- recent times, following the now-notori- cally growing tourism industry. ous June 20 and the travel embargo imposed by President Vladimir Putin DID THE RUSSIAN TRAVEL BAN which signifi cantly decreased the num- NEGATIVELY AFFECT HILTON ber of Russian tourists visiting Georgia BATUMI AS IT HAS AFFECTED and resulted in fi nancial damage to the OTHER PARTS OF THE SECTOR? country’s economy. Generally, I believe that every challenge Luckily, despite the diffi cult situation, presents a new opportunity. And the the well-known brands operating in the travel ban is a great example of this. Yes, Georgian tourism and hotel industry are we are seeing fewer travelers from Rus- attracting more and more international sia versus last year. But we also see a big visitors, considering the hospitable and increase from travelers from Saudi Ara- quality service they offer their guests. bia, from Kuwait, Israel, and many more An obvious example of the rapid devel- Georgian guests. The airplane slots were opment achieved in the Georgian tour- most likely fi lled with planes from other ism sector is Hotel Hilton Batumi, located destinations and that is great as there in the center of the charming seaside are many new ambassadors for tourism city of Batumi, the capital of Georgia’s in Georgia. At Hilton Batumi, we always Ajara region. The hotel, like all others try to see any business affecting change of its brand, is distinguished by its diverse as a positive: we do not get affected by service and innovative features oriented any kind of hype and patiently work on on maximum customer satisfaction- all strategies to not be reliant on only one thanks to the hard work and profession- or two markets. In July, and now in alism of its employees. August, we are seeing visitor numbers GEORGIA TODAY went to meet Tor- that are better than the same period last sten Weller, the General Manager of year. Hilton Batumi to talk about the challenges existing in the Georgian tourism TELL US ABOUT HILTON sector, his career in Georgia and the main IN GEORGIA. reasons behind the brand’s unchanged We have been operating in Georgia since popularity and reputation. 2015 and are very proud be the fi rst Hil- ton branded hotel in Batumi. Hilton and TELL US HOW YOU CAME its brand power is a strong name to pull TO BE IN GEORGIA. tourists from all over the globe. We are First of all, thank you for this opportu- Hilton, we are hospitality. nity; it is an honor to have an interview Our founder Conrad Hilton set out to in GT. I started in January 2017, a little fi ll the world with the light and warmth more than 2.5 years ago, and I love it. I of hospitality 100 years ago. was Hotel Manager at Hilton Innsbruck for four years and got a phone call from TELL US ABOUT THE LOCATION our Regional Director of Human AND SERVICES YOU OFFER. Resources asking me to check out the My fi rst impression when I entered the city of Batumi. Honestly speaking, I didn’t hotel was simply WOW, what a GREAT know much about Batumi or Georgia. I PLACE. A high ceiling and modern archi- ing a team which puts people fi rst. To international dishes like steak, fi sh, pizza, Members and more than half of our lead- called my wife Christina, who was visit- tecture combined with traditional and leave an impact and to make a difference pasta, etc., as well as local dishes. Actu- ers are female. To see the young and ing her family in the United States, and local elements, create an open and invit- comes fi rst to all of our Team Members. ally, we are very famous and proud of brilliant talent grow is as satisfying as told her about Hilton Batumi. She goog- ing atmosphere. I still remember that No matter if we have a great sales force our Sushi for which many of our guests seeing happy customers. Besides that, led the city and immediately called me fi rst day, but much more than this, I on the road selling, our team is catering come to visit the Nephele Skybar & Res- we are partners with a children’s home, back saying: “Wow, it looks fantastic, remember the extremely warm welcome to our guests needs. It is all about trust taurant. And our amazing pastries and have opened a training room in the Black Batumi is right on the Black Sea, let’s from the team, who made the effort to and loyalty. Trust and loyalty are ingre- cakes, all delicious and homemade by Sea College to improve vocational train- move.” Then we did a little more research come in on a grey Sunday afternoon to dients for healthy relationships, internally our bakery and pastry team and served ing, and we buy wine from Temi Winery, online and I happily accepted the pro- give me such a heartfelt welcome. On and externally. Our great team comes in our Tandila Lobby Café. We bring which also employs disabled team mem- motion to General Manager at Hilton that day, I felt special vibes from our everyday with such passion, such will- “Georgia on Your Table.” bers. Batumi. What grabbed me most was all Team Members: they made me feel a ingness to learn, such a drive to serve the fantastic comments about the Geor- part of something very special. And get- our customers and they all show love WHICH NATIONALITIES VISIT WHAT PLANS DOES HILTON gian people: heartfelt, helpful and gen- ting to know the hotel better after the and care in what they do. That is the HILTON BATUMI MOST? BATUMI HAVE FOR THE FUTURE? erous. Then, of course, we were attracted tour inside and outside, I was just over- huge driver for quality and satisfi ed We are proud to welcome increasing We are constantly working on ways to by the amazing culture, food and wines, whelmed by the comfort and design guests. For me, being a colleague, I can numbers of Israeli friends and guests, exceed our customers’ expectations. This the beautiful traditions and of course by combining modern elements such as lots only say that I am very lucky to be part also our Azerbaijanian, Armenian and year, we started a change workshop under the hustling and bustling Batumi, which of glass and daylight with a very warm of something big, something special; Ukrainian neighbors show increasing the title of “Change for a winning team is uniquely located on the beautiful Black ambiance. It felt right away like a home something which is hard to describe, but interest year-on-year. Lots of guests come and winning customer environment”, Sea coast between the sea and the stun- away from home. All our rooms are very something our guests, friends, partners from Saudi Arabia and the Arab coun- where we invited all Team Members to ning Ajaran Mountains. Christina and I spacious. Mountain and sea-views, some- and colleagues feel when they step tries, especially during the summer share ideas on how to improve the cus- do not regret our move to Georgia. times both, and 70% of our rooms have through our doors. months, to get away from the heat. We tomer experience. We call this the “bot- furnished balconies. Our eforea Spa is are extremely proud that the second tom-top approach” because who knows HOW DO YOU SEE top of its class, a salt-water indoor pool, WHICH ARE HILTON strongest guest segment is actually from better than our customer-facing Team DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM Himalayan salt sauna and Vichy shower BATUMI’S MOST POPULAR Georgia: it is fantastic to see the economy Members what our guests want? INDUSTRY IN GEORGIA treatment. You can really indulge in SERVICES AND FACILITIES? grow and to see locals traveling on busi- We are currently working on building NOW AND IN FUTURE? treating yourself well. The same applies First of all, I’m very proud to have Geor- ness and pleasure. Over the past two a high-profi le mini market in the lobby, The growth of tourism is very fast, Batumi for our Nephele Skybar & Restaurant gian chefs and Georgian Team Members, years, there has been big interest coming as we see a trend that many customers and Tbilisi and many other regions are with stunning views, food and drinks who came up with our story called Geor- from western European countries and are going to supermarkets to buy drinks seeing more and more diverse tourists and service. There is an outlet for every gia on Your Table. We bring traditional the United States. and snacks. Why not have this amenity from all over the globe. That is great customer, Georgian and international Georgian dishes to the table, which are in the hotel and use the minibar for pri- news, and to see that Georgia is one of cuisine, home baked treats and much liked not only by most of our interna- TELL US ABOUT YOUR TEAM. vate storage? This is an opportunity to the fastest growing tourism destinations more. tional guests, but also by Ajarans them- At Hilton Batumi, we have built a diverse set a future trend in Batumi. is very exciting. I know the government selves, and other guests from different team and are proud of our commitment Also, we will integrate a full food and and the Georgian National Tourism HILTON BATUMI IS ONE regions in Georgia. Our dishes in the to driving inclusion and diversity. We beverage concept into our eforea Spa to Administration are working hard to OF THE LEADING HOTELS Pelion restaurant are deeply rooted in currently employ 11 disabled Team Mem- offer healthy snacks and drinks to enhance increase the popularity of the country IN THE COUNTRY. TELL US Georgian culture and paired with fabu- bers and are committed to supporting the spa experience. Personally, my dream in new markets, and with great success. ABOUT ITS SUCCESS. lous Georgian wines. In our sky bar on them and helping them to build a career would be an open “show kitchen” in our The new tendency can be felt in the The main reason for our success is hav- the 20th fl oor we serve well-known with us. What’s more, 80% of our Team Nephele Skybar & Restaurant. GEORGIA TODAY AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 BUSINESS 7

Taman Port. Image source: portnews.ru Russia Accelerates Construction of a New Black Sea Port also be that the port, apart from economic benefi ts, BY EMIL AVDALIANI could potentially be used for military purposes. Considering this geo-strategic thinking, Wash- ington would not allow any third party to dominate conomic and technological competition the Anaklia port project. US Secretary of State Mike between China and the US has become Pompeo's statement comes to mind- when he ques- an obvious fact for world politicians as tioned how honest Beijing and Moscow are being well as analysts. However, as everyone in trying to be Tbilisi's “true allies.” He also empha- pays attention to the ongoing trade war sized that the Anaklia port will be built. betweenE the two giants and steady military build- The third power, which has more military power up in the South China Sea, interesting developments in place in the Black Sea region, is obviously Russia. are taking place in the Black Sea basin. Behind this Its recent moves in the economic realm, though, global trend, Russia is slowly building up its eco- could seriously undermine Anaklia's future business nomic position in the region by accelerating the environment even if the port is successfully built. construction of a new deep-sea port which will It was reported that Russia has recently sped up endanger Anaklia’s future. solidifying its grip on the Kerch Strait and Azov For quite some time Beijing and Washington have Sea. The RMP (RosMorPort) Taman Consortium been working to increase their economic and tech- which is expected to include fi ve companies, Ros- nological competition in or around the Black Sea. MorPort, KuzbassRazrezUgol, MetaloInvest, Rus- The Anaklia Deep Sea port is a primary example. sian Railways (RZD) and SUEK, is set to build the China has traditionally been careful in its state- ‘Taman Port,’ which is strategically located on the ments about its views on Anaklia, but the visit of Russian side of the Kerch Strait that connects the the Chinese Foreign Minister to Georgia a few Black and Azov seas. months ago was an indication of Beijing's interests Alongside this quiet battle, the US and China are in the port. Interestingly enough, the visit coincided in purely technological competition. It has been with fi nancial problems centered around the Anak- reported that US National Security Advisor John lia Consortium. Bolton wants to undermine the pending Chinese Currently, as the problems deepen with the with- acquisition of an important Ukrainian aerospace drawal of the US’ Conti Group, it is likely and quite company. Washington fears that the acquisition logical that China might actually increase its efforts will give Beijing vital defense technology as the to get involved in the Anaklia port construction. Ukrainian military tech giant has for decades been Within the light of numerous uncertainties sur- producing vital parts for the Russian aerospace rounding the US’ position worldwide, Washington industry. The Ukrainian-Russian crisis, a result of will fi nd it harder to counter potential Chinese Moscow's annexation of Crimea, has, for the time initiatives in and around Georgia. Many in Georgia, being, put a hold on Ukrainian sales. particularly in the analytical community, suspect Thus, these various seemingly unrelated events that the US is experiencing troubles in its policy could well be set to complicate Anaklia's fate. towards Georgia and that had not it been so, the Among them, Russia's persistence in building a current Anaklia issues would not be happening. deep sea port at Taman is less problematic: of more American interest in the Anaklia port is to deny serious importance is the unstable nature of the the Chinese use of the place for their economic Georgian government and the US' still-evolving activities within the framework of the Belt and perspective on its position worldwide and particu- Road Initiative. Moreover, the US calculus might larly in the Black Sea basin. Georgian Amber Wines Presented at Wine Tasting in Korea

BY KETEVAN KVARATSKHELIYA

eorgian wines continue traveling around the globe. This time, Georgian amber wines have been introduced at a special amber wine tasting in the city of Daejeon, a metropolis of South GKorea. The event, attended by world-renowned wine writers, importers and sommeliers, nearly 100 wine experts in total, brought together 12 different amber wines from Georgia, Japan, Croatia, New Zealand, Italy and Slovenia. The wine tasting was followed by a discussion of the prospective of amber wines on the Korean market. The tasting took place within the scope of the 7th Image source: National Wine Agency Asia Wine Trophy, launched under the patronage the Korean Market and increase their exports of the International Vine and Wine Organization respectively. (OIV), which united more than 4,000 samples from Georgia was offered the status of ‘Guest of Honor’ 35 countries this year. at the ofﬁ cial opening ceremony of the Daejeon The event is the part of the collaboration between International Wine Festival 2019, which saw the the Embassy of Georgia in the Republic of Korea representatives of the Daejeon Government and and the National Wine Agency of Georgia, which wine professionals from different countries as par- aims to raise awareness about Georgian wines on ticipants. GEORGIA TODAY 8 BUSINESS AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 Kakhetian Winemakers Ask for Grape Subsidies

Kakheti this year, which could reduce from 50 in 2012. BY THEA MORRISON demand from entrepreneurs, especially The Georgian government subsidized for white grapes. the grape harvest until 2017. At the time, “The National Wine Agency is mobi- on announcing the suspension of subsi- number of winemakers in lizing to ensure that grape-growers do dies, Davitashvili said there was a high Georgia’s Kakheti region not face any problems selling their har- interest in grapes from the private sec- have asked the government vest,” the ministry said, adding, “We tor, therefore, there would no longer be for grape subsidies this don’t believe there is a need for subsidies a need for state subsidies for the main year, noting that prices have this year." industrial varieties like Saperavi, Rkat- Agone up on other products but not grapes. It added that new vineyards have been siteli and Kakhetian Green. The winemakers believe grape prices cultivated, new and expanded old win- Last year, Davitashvili made a similar will be very low and call on the govern- eries have been arranged, and an agro- statement: "The Government of Georgia ment to step in to solve the problem. credit and agro-insurance system imple- will not subsidize the grape harvest this “It is costing farmers more to look after mented. The agency also noted that wine year. Viticulture has become one of the their vineyards and if the grape prices export volume increased and export most successful and developed sectors are low, it’s not worth us selling them,” markets have been diversiﬁ ed, which in the country as a result of the effective winemaker Giorgi Shatirishvili said. creates more possibilities for Georgian policy implemented by the Georgian On wine export, he says the state should winemakers. government in recent years, as indicated target China and Europe more, adding However, the ministry notes that due by the increased exports, the growing that after the Russian travel ban, the to developments in late June 2019, the number of wine producing companies, neighboring country may also be unpre- decline in exports to Georgia's largest and the success of Georgian wine in exhi- dictable in terms of wine. export market and the expectation of bitions and competitions held worldwide.” “We need to target Europe because the Russia's possible imposition of sanctions Georgia exported about 86.2 million Europeans really love wine. Many win- on Georgian wine imports have created Image source: mygeotrip.com bottles of wine to 53 countries in 2018, emakers think like me, but some still some negative expectations, which led which is a record high number in the prefer the Russian market because there to the risk of a negative impact on pri- lion, a record high income, according to Kakheti and Racha-Lechkhumi region last 30 years. The country has gener- is [already a] high awareness of Georgian vate sector activity. the Environment and Agriculture Min- received an income of GEL 950 ($324.46) ated $203 million from the sale of wine wine,” the winemaker says. Last year, over 230,000 tons of grapes ister of Georgia Levan Davitashvili. million during the harvest period. abroad. The revenue increased by 20% The Ministry of Environment and Agri- were processed during the grape harvest About 280 private companies were Moreover, in 2018, 800 small, medium- from 2017, while the volume of exports culture says more than 250,000 tons of and the income of 22,000 grape growers involved in last year’s harvest in Georgia. size and large enterprises registered at increased by 13%, said the Georgian grapes are expected to be harvested in exceeded over GEL 300 ($102.46) mil- In 2013-2018, grape growers living in the Georgian National Wine Agency, up National Wine Agency. With the Support of the Gov’t of Belarus, the Partnership Fund Launches Georgian House in Minsk

museum; unique exhibits refl ecting the try is to integrate into the world econ- TRANSLATED BY KETEVAN 8000-year history of the Georgian vine omy and Belarus represents one of the KVARATSKHELIYA and winemaking; exhibition, conference major strategic trade-economic partners and presentation halls; a Georgian wine of Georgia. That is why we must use shop, Georgian restaurant, clay bread the potential of possible cooperation to n August 24, the Partner- oven and wine cellar. the full. Georgian House will give a ship Fund launched a Georgian House in Minsk was offi cially wonderful chance to Georgian entre- Georgian House in Minsk, opened by David Saganelidze, CEO of preneurs and businesses to offer their Belarus, a project imple- the Partnership Fund, Valeri Kvarat- products on the Belarus market. I hope mented with the support skhelia, Ambassador of Georgia to Bela- Georgian House will become a pleasant ofO the Government of Belarus. Belarus rus, and Kakha Kaladze, Mayor of Tbi- go-to destination for the residents of offi cials, representatives of business lisi. Minsk and guests of the city.” circles, diaspora and diplomatic corps “I’m glad that there are increasing A variety of Georgian wines, attended the offi cial opening ceremony. dynamics in business relations between churchkhela, cheese, dried fruits, Racha Georgian House represents a new Georgia and Belarus,” Saganelidze said ham, honey, tea, natural chips, Georgian platform for trade-economic and cul- in his speech at the opening. “The launch handmade items and accessories related tural cooperation between the two of Georgian House in Minsk is the best to the country’s culture were presented countries and aims to support the exports proof of that. The idea to implement at the event. The guests took a tour of Georgian natural products, deepen- this initiative came from Alexander around Georgian House, tasted Geor- ing collaboration between the business Lukashenko, President of Belarus, on a gian products and discovered the his- sectors of Georgia and Belarus, as well visit to Georgia. With his support, the tory of Georgia and Georgian wine. as promoting Georgian traditions, his- Partnership Fund has been allocated Future visitors will be able to discover tory and culture. special quotas for importing alcoholic more Georgian products and to pur- Georgian House integrates a wine drinks to Belarus. The aim of our coun- chase them at the same time. SUBSCRIBE!

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[email protected] +995 32 229 59 19   Tel: (995 32) 2 45 08 08 10 Galaktion Street E-mail: [email protected] GEORGIA TODAY AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 BUSINESS 9 HUAWEI Releases Global Industry Vision Report

Tailored Streets: Intelligent transport BY MARIAM MERABISHVILI systems will connect people, vehicles and infrastructure. HUAWEI’s GIV predicts that 15% of vehicles will be con- UAWEI has been leading nected to such technologies. the market for years and Working with Bots: Many industries is an advanced company will be transformed. Smart automation in the fi eld of smart device will take on more important tasks than manufacturing. Accord- it can at this point. The GIV claims there Hingly, it is not surprising that its repre- will be 103 robots in industry for every sentatives, based on the facts, have pre- 10,000 employees. sented 10 megatrends that they believe Augmented Creativity: Cloud artifi cial will be made a reality in their Global intelligence will reduce the cost and Industry Vision (GIV) Report, which barrier for scientifi c experimentation, specifi cally outlines the company's fore- innovations and art. The HUAWEI GIV sight on technology development pros- predicts that 97% of large companies pects and industry vision for 2025. will be using artifi cial intelligence by Living with Bots: Advances in material 2025. science, perceptual AI, and network Frictionless Communication: Artifi cial technologies are allowing the use of intelligence and data analysis will create robots in a variety of home and personal communication between companies and scenarios. HUAWEI in its GIV, predicts users and break down language barriers; a 14% global penetration rate of home moreover, understanding and trust will robots. be the basis for business relationships Super Sight: The convergence of 5G, between companies. GIV predicts that VR/AR, machine learning and other 86% of enterprises will be fully using developing technologies lets us make accumulated data. new and unique discoveries in people, Symbiotic Economy: Companies world- potential for individuals, businesses and keting manager of HUAWEI's ICT infra- are used by a third of the world's popu- business and culture. The HUAWEI GIV wide are using digital technologies and societies is infi nite and comprehensive. structure - “Humanity will never stop lation. There are 16 research and devel- predicts that the percentage of compa- smart applications, which means more The GIV predicts that 58% of the world's technological development. We need to opment centers operating worldwide in nies that use AR/VR will increase to collaboration, resource allocation, global population will be able to access 5G by visualize the perspectives, see what we the USA, Germany, Sweden, Russia, India 10%. ecosystems and high productivity. The 2025. might not be able to see right now - we and China. HUAWEI Consumer BG is Zero Search: The time spent searching HUAWEI GIV predicts that 85% of com- Global Digital Governance: The devel- have to shift from innovations to inven- one of HUAWEI's three business units, for the information we need will be cut panies across the globe will be using opment of digital technologies needs to tions. HUAWEI has for many years been mainly focusing on Smartphones, per- signifi cantly in future, as it will fi nd us Cloud technologies and 85% of business be balanced with shared data standards committed to offering every person and sonal computers, tablets and cloud ser- via smart devices able to predict our applications will be created based on and principles for data usage. The GIV organization a technologically advanced vices. HUAWEI Global Network is based needs in advance. The GIV forecasts the Cloud. predicts that the annual volume of global future and completely new approaches on 20 years’ experience in the telecom- that 90% of smart device owners will Rapid Rollout of 5G: 5G is evolving at data will reach 180 ZB (1 ZB = 1 trillion to technological development. ” munications business and serves to pro- use electronic personal assistants based a very fast pace, faster than any other GB). HUAWEI products and services are vide innovative technologies to custom- on artifi cial intelligence. wireless technology. Consequently, the According to Kevin Zhang, chief mar- available in more than 170 countries and ers around the world. GEORGIA TODAY 10 POLITICS AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 Abkhazians & Ossetians in Georgia. A Short History (A Handout for Politicians) BY PROF. DR. TEDO DUNDUA & DR. EMIL AVDALIANI

n light of the disinformation campaign carried out by Russian information networks and picked up by western media, the Institute of the Georgian History at Ivane IJavakhishvili Tbilisi State University has released an explanation as to why the Abkhazia and Tskhinvali regions (incor- rectly called "South Ossetia") have always been an integral part of Georgia. In the remote past, to the south of the Great Caucasian Range and east of the Black Sea, rural clans fought each other for land and mines, making alliances and early states. Two cultures equipped fi rst with bronze and then with iron were established in the valleys of the rivers Rioni (Phasis), Chorokhi (Aph- saros), and Mtkvari (Cyros/Kura). Roughly, the borders of Colchis included the city of Pitius (Bichvinta, Pitsunda) in the North West, Sarapanis (Shora- pani) in the East, near the Likhi mountains, which divides Georgia into West and East, and the mouth of the river Chorokhi in the South, near Batumi, Georgia’s main port. Another name for Colchis is Egrisi, derived from the tribal name Margali/Megreli/Mingrelian. The Mingrelian language, very close to the Georgian, is still spoken in West Geor- gia as a family one, like that of West Georgian highlanders, the Svani. The next country had two rivers, Chorokhi, now mostly in Turkey, and Mtkvari within its borders. Local folk called it Kartli, and the Greeks – Iberia and Ibe- rians. The latter term contributes to Ivirk, Vrastan – Armenian terms; also to Varkan, Gurgan, Gurgistan – Persian terms, which in turn contributes to Map of Georgian states in 1762. Based on the map of Dr. Andrew Andersen, from Atlas of Confl icts. Author: Gaeser Georgia and Gruziya. Thus, Kartli, while comprising the i.e. periphery. The periphery of what? regions. Thus, rural and urban sites suf- lordkiPaniZe_afx.html#90). lages were attached to the Gori district Mtkvari and Chorokhi valleys, was labeled That of Mingrelian, i.e. western Geor- fered much and the links with the rest On June 11, 1918, an agreement was of the Tbilisi governorate. as Iberia, or Vrastan, or Varkan, or Gur- gian, culture. Gradually, Aphsils and of the country were badly damaged. signed between the people’s council of In 1920, the Russian Bolsheviks sup- gan by foreigners. Gradually, Colchis/ Abasks under the local princes also The Ottoman overlords also encouraged Abkhazia and the leadership of the ported Ossetians living in the Demo- Egrisi and Kartli/Iberia became more started to call themselves Abkhazians. the slave trade, completely changing Democratic Republic of Georgia, where cratic Republic of Georgia, in the moun- and more integrated, and Georgian, the When in the 8th c., apparently through the economic visage of the northwest Abkhazia as a part of Georgia gained tains north of Gori, to establish the language spoken in Kartli, spread to the marriage, their prince found himself of western Georgia for centuries before autonomy. Soviet power there and declare the eastern Black Sea coast, putting the Min- residing in the central city of Kutaisi, the Russians advance against the Otto- After the end of Georgia’s short inde- territory a part of Soviet Russia. This grelian and Svani languages in the posi- Lazica/Egrisi received one more name mans in the 19th c. (T. Dundua. North pendence in 1921, Abkhazia remained was an abortive attempt. tion of a family language. From that point – Apkhazeti. With the Georgian language and South (towards the Question of the within Soviet Socialist Republic of In February 1921, Soviet Russia violated on, this new country was called Sakart- becoming dominant on the eastern Black NATO enlargement). www.nato.int/ Georgia under a special union agree- the agreement of May 7, 1920 by mili- velo, a term derived from Kartli, and also Sea coast, the Mingrelian, Svani and acad/fellow/99-01/dundua.pdf, pp.41-42; ment, as a treaty republic having a cer- tarily attacking the Georgian state and Iberia, Gurgistan, Gruziya and Georgia Abkhazian languages found themselves T. Dundua and Others. The Black Sea tain type of autonomy within Georgia. eliminating its independence. In April (T. Dundua. History of Georgia. Tbilisi. in the position of a family language (T. – Zone of the Contacts. Tbilisi. 2001, In 1931, Abkhazia offi cially became the 1922, the Bolsheviks granted so-called 2017, pp. 5-22. v. Academia.edu/Tedo Dundua. Christianity and Mithraism. pp. 9-10, 15-16; T. Dundua and Others. Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic South Ossetia the status of autonomous Dundua). The Georgian Story. Tbilisi. 1999, p. 6; The Black Sea. A History of Interaction. (ASSR) of Georgia (Political Status of district within Soviet Socialist Republic Still, there was another language in T. Dundua, Akaki Chikobava. Pacorus, Teaching Pack. The Council of Europe. Abkhazia within the Soviet Georgia. of Georgia. Soviet policy can be regarded West Georgia which was also converted the Lazi King, Who Was Overlord of Oslo. 2004, pp. 46, 105. v. Academia.edu/ 1921-1937. in Essays from the History of as a premeditated attempt to disrupt into a family language: Abkhazian. The Colchis/Western Georga. Tbilisi. 2013, Tedo Dundua). Abkhazia. Tbilisi. 2011, pp. 419-436; the future attempts of the Georgians to Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia pp. 9-16; T. Dundua. Georgia within the The Russian Empire annexed eastern Революционные комитеты Абхазии в gain independence and build a stable (Georgia) has Sokhumi as its capital. European Integration. Tbilisi. 2016, pp. Georgia, the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti, борьбе за установление и упрочение state as separatism within Georgia would Sokhumi is the Turkish version of the 81-88. v. Academia.edu/Tedo Dundua). in 1801. This paved the way for Russian Советской власти. Сборник документов constrain Tbilisi in its actions. The Georgian name Tskhumi, while the West and East unifi ed was called Sakart- expansion into western Georgia. In 1810, и материалов. Сухуми. 1961, p. 350). This Autonomous District of South Ossetia Greeks and Italians called the city velo/Georgia. And the title of the kings Abkhazian prince Giorgi (Safar Beg) remained unchanged until the end of consisted of a number of Ossetian set- Dioscurias and Sebastopolis. People from the Bagrationi ruling dynasty was Shervashidze swore allegiance to the the Soviet Union. According to the 1989 tlements and a purely Georgian town living in its neigborhood in the Classi- as follows: “King of the Abkhazians (i.e. Russian Emperor and in 1864, Russian Soviet census, the total population on Tskhinvali. cal and Hellenistic periods were the Western Georgia), Kartvelians (Eastern governance was established in the ter- the territory of the ASSR of Abkhazia Thus, in 1922, the Autonomous District Colas and the Coraxae, obviously Col- and Southern Georgia), Ranians and ritory. (Abkhazia in the late 18th- early was 525,061, of which 239,872 were eth- of South Ossetia was created in the heart chian clans. Their names are substituted Kakhetians (extreme East of the Eastern 19th centuries. Entry of Abkhazia Under nic Georgians (45.7% of the population), of historic Georgian lands where the by that of the Colchians themselves. Georgia)” (T. Dundua. Review of Geor- the “Protection” of Russia. in Essays while 93,267 were Abkhazians (17.8%) Georgian population represented the The fi rst mention of the Aphsils, obvi- gian Coins with Byzantine Iconography. from the History of Abkhazia. Tbilisi. (S. Markedonov. Abkhazia: Historical majority of the population. ous ancestors of the Abkhazians, near Quaderni ticinesi di numismatica e 2011, pp. 300-305). Sukhumi military Context. in Abkhazia Between Past and It also needs to be emphasized that Sebastopolis/Tskhumi, dates back to antichità classiche. Lugano. 2000. Vol. department was founded (M. Lordkip- Future. Prague. 2013, p. 18). throughout the Soviet period (until 1991), the 70s of the 1st c. A.D. Soon, their XXIX, pp. 389-393; T. Dundua and Oth- anidze. The Abkhazians and Abkhazia Abkhazia enjoyed cultural and scien- the Ossetians living in Georgia were relatives, the Abasks, appear. These two ers. Online English- Georgian Catalogue (Georg., Russ. and Engl. texts). Tbilisi. tifi c benefi ts as part of Georgia during granted all necessary legal rights as an names sometimes disappear in favor of of Georgian Numismatics). 1990 http://www.amsi.ge/istoria/div/m. the Soviet era. The Abkhazian language ethnic minority. Then Georgia became “Lazi,” the name of Mingrelian-speaking The decline of Georgia towards the lordkiPaniZe_afx.html#90). was taught at the schools, and univer- independent and the Russian occupation people descended from the southern end of the 16th c. enabled the Ottomans Although the process of separating sity. of the Autonomous District of South mountains to mingle with the Colchi- to increase their territory, seeing them Abkhazia from Georgia was actively Since 1993, the Autonomous Republic Ossetia began. (M. Lordkipanidze, G. ans, thus changing the name of the taking control of the cities on the east- supported by the Russian authorities, of Abkhazia has been occupied by the Otkhmezuri. Ossets in Georgia. in The country into Lazica. In the northern ern Black Sea coast. Georgian frontier still Abkhazia was a natural and integral Russian Federation (for the full-length Caucasus and Globalization. Vol. 1 (4). part of Lazica under the local feudal defenses were down. Finding so little part of Georgia. Perhaps it was for this narrative about Abkhazians v. З. Папаскири. Tbilisi. 2007, pp. 109-118; R. Topchishvili. lords, they again call themselves Aphsils opposition, many tribes settled in the reason that the Sukhumi military dis- Абхазия: история без фальсификации. 2е Ethnic Processes in Shida Kartli (the and Abasks, when unifi ed with the rest districts they had penetrated, a new trict was soon included in the Kutaisi изд. Тбилиси. 2010 (with Engl. summary). Ossetians in Georgia). in Causes of War of the country – Lazi. That means that wave of the Abkhazian speaking clans governorate. Despite the negative effects The next region occupied by the Rus- – Prospects for Peace. Georgian Ortho- from the 2nd c. A.D., the Mingrelian among them. They made their way from of the Russian imperial policy, in 1918, sian Federation was the Autonomous dox Church. Konrad-Adenauer-Founda- language was a social one throughout the mountains fi rst to the region of the year when the Democratic Repub- District of South Ossetia. The Ossetians tion. Tbilisi. 2009, pp. 111-138). Lazica, while the Abkhazian language nowadays Sochi (Russian Federation), lic of Georgia was founded, Abkhazia started settling in Georgia beyond the was put in the position of a family lan- and then down the coast towards Bich- was a part of Georgia (M. Lordkipan- Caucasian range in the 16th-17th cc. as Prof. Dr. Tedo Dundua is the Director of the guage spoken near Sebastopolis/ vinta (Pitius, Pitsunda). Those rough idze. The Abkhazians and Abkhazia fugitives. Institute of Georgian History, Faculty of Tskhumi. Indeed, the special Mingrelian highlanders forced part of the local (Georg., Russ. and Engl. texts). Tbilisi. After the annexation of eastern Geor- Humanities, at the Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi term for that part of Lazica was “apkha,” agricultural folk to fl ee to the central 1990 http://www.amsi.ge/istoria/div/m. gia by Russia in 1801, the Ossetian vil- State University. GEORGIA TODAY AUGUST 27 - 29, 2019 CULTURE 11 Elisso Bolkvadze on the Batumi Black Sea Music & Art Festival (BBSMAF) 2019

EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW BY KETEVAN KVARATSKHELIYA

he #SpendYourSummer- InGeorgia campaign has proved to be one of the most successful social cam- paigns launched in Georgia. TBegun in 2019, it calls on thousands of travelers all around the globe to choose this country for their summer holidays this year. Mesmerizing nature and land- scapes, stunning historical and cultural sights sprawled across the various regions of the country, mouthwatering food and unforgettable hospitability, Georgia has it all! All of the above has allowed Geor- gians to speak out proudly about their homeland and invite foreigners with confi dence. However, there is yet another feature which makes it worth visiting Georgia this summer – music! In 2019, Georgia is to treat music-lovers to an incredible array of musical events, mostly taking place in the city of Batumi, Ajara. And the Batumi Black Sea Music and Art Festival (BBSMAF) 2019, a 10-day festival which is set to take place on September 1-10, is one of the most out- standing events on the list. The BBSMAF, launched under the Patronage of UNESCO, is an original event where great artists and young talents of classical music come together to place music at the heart of culture. It was established by Elisso Bolkvadze, the prominent Georgian pianist, UNESCO Artist of Peace and founder of the Char- itable Foundation “Lyra,” in 2013, and has been offering beautiful shows to classical music enthusiasts since then. GEORGIA TODAY contacted Elisso Bolkvadze to fi nd out more about the festival. “Our festival was founded in 2013, rep- ness about it on the international arena. representatives of various cultural young talents have been discovered over Finally, we move beyond the topic of resenting an outcome of the desire to “It has always been my aim to serve branches.” the years, who were later sent abroad to the upcoming festival and ask the famous introduce a new and interesting festival my country and its youth,” she says, add- She highlights as one example the exhi- continue their studies. Unfortunately, pianist for her views on the cultural to wider audiences in the Black Sea ing that after obtaining the status of the bition of French-based painter and illus- there are some major issues with regards sphere in Georgia, which, against the coastal city,” she tells us. “Guram Odis- UNESCO Artist of Peace, inspiration trator Anri Matchavariani set to be held to the level of professionalism and infra- active political background, might have haria, who was the Minister of Culture and responsibility towards such projects in the frames of the event, with emigra- structure in Georgia, which hinder the lost popularity. What are the challenges at the time, came up with the idea that increased greatly. tion being one of the major themes of representatives of the younger genera- the sector has to face today, and what along with various projects, it would be The pianist also states that while Geor- the festival. Georgian artists who live far tion from acquiring the appropriate are its perspectives for the future? a pleasant novelty to hold a classical gia has strong European aspirations, it from their homeland and may not be education in the fi eld. We spare no effort “I do strongly believe that politics and music festival in the region of Ajara.” is pivotal to also have high aspiration in well-known in Georgia, will also be to help them blaze their path into a bet- culture can co-exist,” she replies with a Elisso Bolkvadze is strongly engaged the cultural sphere, while keeping and introduced. ter future, and engagement in the festi- smile. “I think that when there is a strongly in various projects aimed at supporting continuing major traditions. Bolkvadze “In addition, Emerging Europe, a large- val augments each year,” Bolkvadze tells established cultural ideology worldwide, youngsters. Therefore, while speaking does not forget to say that all artists who scale international forum, has become us, noting that in general the project is it will be easier to gradually decrease about the wonderful initiative of pro- live and work beyond the borders of a partner of the BBSMAF 2019 and along able to assist minors aged 14-15. the importance of politics and the focus moting the masterpieces of world- Georgia should feel responsibility towards with promoting Georgia abroad, it is to The focus on youngsters, and the chance on it. In this case, it is paramount to renowned classical musicians in Batumi, their country and commit to its further serve as another wonderful source for for novices to perform along with the launch more forums and more festivals she strongly accentuates the major prin- development. attracting major investments and thus experts, is the most distinctive feature to represent Georgia with dignity. The ciples of the event. We ask Elisso about this year’s BBSMAF. contribute to the improvement of our of the festival, which has much contrib- new generation is to build the future of “Based on my values envisaging help- “There has been a major change in the country’s economy. What’s more, we uted to its strength and its fi nding its our country and we need to work hard ing youths, it was of crucial importance name of our festival this year, that now plan to enhance our cooperation with own niche. in this direction. As for me, within the that the festival create an interesting it is entitled ‘Batumi Black Sea Music Emerging Europe in future,” she stated. We are also interested to fi nd out about scope of this festival, I launched an Art platform for young talent and to be pri- and Art Festival’, which means that the It is also interesting to compare the the involvement of foreigners in the Batumi Camp three years ago, where children marily focused on Georgian interests. format of the project has been broad- fi rst year of the festival with 2019 and Black Sea Music and Art Festival 2019. from different regions of Georgia can The government is actively engaged in ened, enabling us to enhance cultural learn about the dynamics of engaging “Foreigners are also actively engaged participate in various concerts and train- this project, supporting it in numerous relations with the Black Sea countries youngsters in the initiative. in the project,” she says. “Maestro Michel ings, through which they expand their aspects,” Bolkvadze tells us, noting that and launch multiple international forums “There is huge interest and engagement Sogny is to give masterclasses for the global outlook. I do strongly believe that each festival that takes place in the coun- and conferences within the scope of the from youth. We offer individual care and third time this year. We also plan to invite a person who loves music and is inter- try presents Georgia and raises aware- festival, for musicians, as well as the support to each of them. A number of other professionals in future.” ested in it has higher values.”

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