Transition of Eocene Whales from Land to Sea: Evidence from Bone Microstructure
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Wec01's SSSS Fossils Test 2019
wec01’s SSSS Fossils Test 2019 Team Name: _________________KEY________________ Team Number: ___KEY___ Team Members: ____________KEY____________, ____________KEY____________ This test consists of 18 stations with a total of 200 points. Each answer is worth one point except where specified otherwise. You are only given 2 ½ minutes with the specimens at each station, however you can work on any station’s questions at any time. Scoring Station 1: ___10___ / 10 Station 10: ___12___ / 12 Station 2: ___10___ / 10 Station 11: ____9___ / 9 Station 3: ___11___ / 11 Station 12: ___11___ / 11 Station 4: ___10___ / 10 Station 13: ___10___ / 10 Station 5: ___10___ / 10 Station 14: ___10___ / 10 Station 6: ____9___ / 9 Station 15: ___12___ / 12 Station 7: ____9___ / 9 Station 16: ____9___ / 9 Station 8: ___10___ / 10 Station 17: ___10___ / 10 Station 9: ____9___ / 9 Station 18: ___29___ / 29 Total: __200___ / 200 Team Number: _KEY_ Station 1: Dinosaurs (10 pt) 1. Identify the genus of specimen A Tyrannosaurus (1 pt) 2. Identify the genus of specimen B Stegosaurus (1 pt) 3. Identify the genus of specimen C Allosaurus (1 pt) 4. Which specimen(s) (A, B, or C) are A, C (1 pt) Saurischians? 5. Which two specimens (A, B, or C) lived at B, C (1 pt) the same time? 6. Identify the genus of specimen D Velociraptor (1 pt) 7. Identify the genus of specimen E Coelophysis (1 pt) 8. Which specimen (D or E) is commonly E (1 pt) found in Ghost Ranch, New Mexico? 9. Which specimen (A, B, C, D, or E) would D (1 pt) specimen F have been found on? 10. -
SOCIETY of VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY OCTOBER 2015 ABSTRACTS of PAPERS 75Th ANNUAL MEETING
SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY OCTOBER 2015 ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS 75th ANNUAL MEETING Hyatt Regency Dallas Dallas, Texas, USA October 14 – 17, 2015 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Cohen; Anthony R. Fiorillo; Louis Jacobs; Michael Polcyn; Amy Smith; Christopher Strganac; Ronald S. Tykoski; Diana Vineyard; Dale Winkler EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE John Long, President; P. David Polly, Vice President; Catherine A. Forster, Past-President; Glenn Storrs, Secretary; Ted J. Vlamis, Treasurer; Elizabeth Hadly, Member-at-Large; Xiaoming Wang, Member-at-Large; Paul M. Barrett, Member-at-Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Larisa R. G. DeSantis; Anthony R. Fiorillo; Camille Grohé; Marc E. H. Jones; Joshua H. Miller; Christopher Noto; Emma Sherratt; Michael Spaulding; Z. Jack Tseng; Akinobu Watanabe; Lindsay Zanno PROGRAM COMMITTEE David Evans, Co-Chair; Mary Silcox, Co-Chair; Heather Ahrens; Brian Beatty; Jonathan Bloch; Martin Brazeau; Chris Brochu; Richard Butler; Darin Croft; Ted Daeschler; David Fox; Anjali Goswami; Elizabeth Hadly; Pat Holroyd; Marc Jones; Christian Kammerer; Amber MacKenzie; Erin Maxwell; Josh Miller; Jessica Miller-Camp; Kevin Padian; Lauren Sallan; William Sanders; Michelle Stocker; Paul Upchurch; Aaron Wood EDITORS Amber MacKenzie; Erin Maxwell; Jessica Miller-Camp October 2015 PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Grant Information dinosaur-bearing units in the world. Though exposed in Saskatchewan, outcropping is NSF grant #0847777 (EAR) to D.J. Varrichio sparse, widely distributed, and often difficult to access. Despite this, recently, several microfossil sites have been identified throughout southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. Technical Session VI (Thursday, October 15, 2015, 9:00 AM) The Saskatchewan sites produce a rich vertebrate record, including chondrichthyans, osteichthyans, turtles, champsosaurs, crocodiles, squamates, amphibians, birds, MULTIDENTICULATE TEETH IN TRIASSIC FISH HEMICALYPTERUS WEIRI mammals, and dinosaurs. -
A New Middle Eocene Protocetid Whale (Mammalia: Cetacea: Archaeoceti) and Associated Biota from Georgia Author(S): Richard C
A New Middle Eocene Protocetid Whale (Mammalia: Cetacea: Archaeoceti) and Associated Biota from Georgia Author(s): Richard C. Hulbert, Jr., Richard M. Petkewich, Gale A. Bishop, David Bukry and David P. Aleshire Source: Journal of Paleontology , Sep., 1998, Vol. 72, No. 5 (Sep., 1998), pp. 907-927 Published by: Paleontological Society Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1306667 REFERENCES Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1306667?seq=1&cid=pdf- reference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology and are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Paleontology This content downloaded from 131.204.154.192 on Thu, 08 Apr 2021 18:43:05 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms J. Paleont., 72(5), 1998, pp. 907-927 Copyright ? 1998, The Paleontological Society 0022-3360/98/0072-0907$03.00 A NEW MIDDLE EOCENE PROTOCETID WHALE (MAMMALIA: CETACEA: ARCHAEOCETI) AND ASSOCIATED BIOTA FROM GEORGIA RICHARD C. HULBERT, JR.,1 RICHARD M. PETKEWICH,"4 GALE A. -
Intervertebral and Epiphyseal Fusion in the Postnatal Ontogeny of Cetaceans and Terrestrial Mammals
J Mammal Evol DOI 10.1007/s10914-014-9256-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Intervertebral and Epiphyseal Fusion in the Postnatal Ontogeny of Cetaceans and Terrestrial Mammals Meghan M. Moran & Sunil Bajpai & J. Craig George & Robert Suydam & Sharon Usip & J. G. M. Thewissen # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract In this paper we studied three related aspects of the Introduction ontogeny of the vertebral centrum of cetaceans and terrestrial mammals in an evolutionary context. We determined patterns The vertebral column provides support for the body and of ontogenetic fusion of the vertebral epiphyses in bowhead allows for flexibility and mobility (Gegenbaur and Bell whale (Balaena mysticetus) and beluga whale 1878;Hristovaetal.2011; Bruggeman et al. 2012). To (Delphinapterus leucas), comparing those to terrestrial mam- achieve this mobility, individual vertebrae articulate with each mals and Eocene cetaceans. We found that epiphyseal fusion other through cartilaginous intervertebral joints between the is initiated in the neck and the sacral region of terrestrial centra and synovial joints between the pre- and post- mammals, while in recent aquatic mammals epiphyseal fusion zygapophyses. The mobility of each vertebral joint varies is initiated in the neck and caudal regions, suggesting loco- greatly between species as well as along the vertebral column motor pattern and environment affect fusion pattern. We also within a single species. Vertebral column mobility greatly studied bony fusion of the sacrum and evaluated criteria used impacts locomotor style, whether the animal is terrestrial or to homologize cetacean vertebrae with the fused sacrum of aquatic. In aquatic Cetacea, buoyancy counteracts gravity, and terrestrial mammals. We found that the initial ossification of the tail is the main propulsive organ (Fish 1996;Fishetal. -
Functional Morphology of the Vertebral Column in Remingtonocetus (Mammalia, Cetacea) and the Evolution of Aquatic Locomotion in Early Archaeocetes
Functional Morphology of the Vertebral Column in Remingtonocetus (Mammalia, Cetacea) and the Evolution of Aquatic Locomotion in Early Archaeocetes by Ryan Matthew Bebej A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor Philip D. Gingerich, Co-Chair Professor Philip Myers, Co-Chair Professor Daniel C. Fisher Professor Paul W. Webb © Ryan Matthew Bebej 2011 To my wonderful wife Melissa, for her infinite love and support ii Acknowledgments First, I would like to thank each of my committee members. I will be forever grateful to my primary mentor, Philip D. Gingerich, for providing me the opportunity of a lifetime, studying the very organisms that sparked my interest in evolution and paleontology in the first place. His encouragement, patience, instruction, and advice have been instrumental in my development as a scholar, and his dedication to his craft has instilled in me the importance of doing careful and solid research. I am extremely grateful to Philip Myers, who graciously consented to be my co-advisor and co-chair early in my career and guided me through some of the most stressful aspects of life as a Ph.D. student (e.g., preliminary examinations). I also thank Paul W. Webb, for his novel thoughts about living in and moving through water, and Daniel C. Fisher, for his insights into functional morphology, 3D modeling, and mammalian paleobiology. My research was almost entirely predicated on cetacean fossils collected through a collaboration of the University of Michigan and the Geological Survey of Pakistan before my arrival in Ann Arbor. -
Currently Zygorhiza Kochii; Mammalia, Cetacea): Proposed Replacement of the Holotype by a Neotype
Case 3611Basilosaurus kochii Reichenbach, 1847 (currently Zygorhiza kochii; Mammalia, Cetacea): proposed replacement of the holotype by a neotype Author: Uhen, Mark D. Source: The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 70(2) : 103-107 Published By: International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature URL: https://doi.org/10.21805/bzn.v70i2.a14 BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/terms-of-use. Usage of BioOne Complete content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non - commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/The-Bulletin-of-Zoological-Nomenclature on 08 Apr 2021 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Access provided by Auburn University Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 70(2) June 2013 103 Case 3611 Basilosaurus kochii Reichenbach, 1847 (currently Zygorhiza kochii; Mammalia, Cetacea): proposed replacement of the holotype by a neotype Mark D. Uhen Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Earth Sciences, George Mason University, MS 5F2, Fairfax, VA 22030, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract. -
WHALE HUNT: SEARCHING for WHALE FOSSILS: a SHORTER NARRATIVE More Suitable for Teacher-Directed “Whale Hunt”
WHALE HUNT: SEARCHING FOR WHALE FOSSILS: a SHORTER NARRATIVE More Suitable for Teacher-Directed “Whale Hunt” 1. We have NO fossils of modern whales earlier than about 25 million years ago (mya). However, for many years, we have been finding a number of fossils of various primitive whales (archaeocetes) between 25 and 45 million years old, and somewhat different from modern whales, e.g. with very distinctive teeth An example of these early whales would be Dorudon. Place the fossil picture strip of Dorudon at about 36 mya on your timeline (actual range about 39-36 mya); (“mya”= millions of years ago). 2. As more fossils have been discovered from the early Eocene (55 to 34 mya), we searched for a land mammal from which whales most likely evolved. The group of animals that had features like those distinctive teeth that are also found in the earliest primitive whales, was called the Mesonychids. A typical example of these animals was Pachyaena. Mesonychids also had hooves, suggesting that whales may be related to other animals with hooves, like cows, horses, deer and pigs. Place the Pachyaena strip at about the 55 mya level on your timeline. Mesonychids lived from 58-34 mya. 3. In 1983, all we had were these primitive whales and mesonychids, with a big gap in between. This year, paleontologist Philip Gingerich was searching in Eocene deposits in Pakistan, and found the skull of an amazing fossil. It had teeth like the Dorudon whale, with whale-like ear bones and other features, but it was much older (50 mya), and there were indications that it had four legs. -
Name of Presenter: Tamara Yankovich
Welcome! Dear Conference Participant: Welcome to Saskatoon and to our conference Applications of Stable Isotope Techniques to Ecological Studies! This meeting involves a unique blend of researchers and students associated with universities, government and industry who share a common interest in learning more about how stable isotope techniques can increase our understanding of ecological processes. Our decision to host this meeting was based on both an appreciation for just how rapidly this field is developing and a realization that presentations of work in this field were typically embedded as workshops within other, larger meetings. With the advent of continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry and several other technological advances, applications of stable isotope analyses to ecological studies are increasing at a tremendous rate. Never before has the need for a dedicated meeting, dealing specifically with both the intricacies of the analytical side and applications involving single organisms through global processes been so great! It is our hope that this meeting will form the basis of a regular event, perhaps every few years, with the venue changing to other centers of isotopic and ecological research. Our program is an exciting one. We are particularly fortunate to have Dr. Marilyn L. Fogel as our keynote speaker. Dr. Fogel's work truly epitomizes the multidisciplinary nature of research involving naturally occurring stable isotopes. We have several theme sessions in our regular program and an extensive poster session. Finally, we look forward to a wrap-up open forum where you can discuss any aspect of topics covered in the conference. We hope that you enjoy your stay in Saskatoon, take time to enjoy the Canadian Prairies in spring, and moreover have a productive and rewarding meeting. -
The Walking Whales
The Walking Whales From Land to Water in Eight Million Years J. G. M. “Hans” Thewissen with illustrations by Jacqueline Dillard university of california press The Walking Whales The Walking Whales From Land to Water in Eight Million Years J. G. M. “Hans” Thewissen with illustrations by Jacqueline Dillard university of california press University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Oakland, California © 2014 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Thewissen, J. G. M., author. The walking whales : from land to water in eight million years / J.G.M. Thewissen ; with illustrations by Jacqueline Dillard. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-520-27706-9 (cloth : alk. paper)— isbn 978-0-520-95941-5 (e-book) 1. Whales, Fossil—Pakistan. 2. Whales, Fossil—India. 3. Whales—Evolution. 4. Paleontology—Pakistan. 5. Paleontology—India. I. Title. QE882.C5T484 2015 569′.5—dc23 2014003531 Printed in China 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ansi/niso z39.48–1992 (r 2002) (Permanence of Paper). Cover illustration (clockwise from top right): Basilosaurus, Ambulocetus, Indohyus, Pakicetus, and Kutchicetus. -
Best Practices for Digitally Constructing Endocranial Casts: Examples from Birds and Their Dinosaurian Relatives Amy M
Journal of Anatomy J. Anat. (2016) 229, pp173--190 doi: 10.1111/joa.12378 Best practices for digitally constructing endocranial casts: examples from birds and their dinosaurian relatives Amy M. Balanoff,1* G. S. Bever,2* Matthew W. Colbert,3 Julia A. Clarke,3 Daniel J. Field,4 Paul M. Gignac,5 Daniel T. Ksepka,6 Ryan C. Ridgely,7 N. Adam Smith,8 Christopher R. Torres,9 Stig Walsh10 and Lawrence M. Witmer7 1Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA 2Department of Anatomy, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA 3Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 4Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 5Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA 6Bruce Museum, Greenwich, CT, USA 7Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA 8Department of Earth Sciences, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA 9Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 10Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland,, Edinburgh, UK Abstract The rapidly expanding interest in, and availability of, digital tomography data to visualize casts of the vertebrate endocranial cavity housing the brain (endocasts) presents new opportunities and challenges to the field of comparative neuroanatomy. The opportunities are many, ranging from the relatively rapid acquisition of data to the unprecedented ability to integrate critically important fossil taxa. The challenges consist of navigating the logistical barriers that often separate a researcher from high-quality data and minimizing the amount of non- biological variation expressed in endocasts – variation that may confound meaningful and synthetic results. -
How Many Species of Mammals Are There?
Journal of Mammalogy, 99(1):1–14, 2018 DOI:10.1093/jmammal/gyx147 INVITED PAPER How many species of mammals are there? CONNOR J. BURGIN,1 JOCELYN P. COLELLA,1 PHILIP L. KAHN, AND NATHAN S. UPHAM* Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, ID 83725, USA (CJB) Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA (JPC) Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA (PLK) Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA (NSU) Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA (NSU) 1Co-first authors. * Correspondent: [email protected] Accurate taxonomy is central to the study of biological diversity, as it provides the needed evolutionary framework for taxon sampling and interpreting results. While the number of recognized species in the class Mammalia has increased through time, tabulation of those increases has relied on the sporadic release of revisionary compendia like the Mammal Species of the World (MSW) series. Here, we present the Mammal Diversity Database (MDD), a digital, publically accessible, and updateable list of all mammalian species, now available online: https://mammaldiversity.org. The MDD will continue to be updated as manuscripts describing new species and higher taxonomic changes are released. Starting from the baseline of the 3rd edition of MSW (MSW3), we performed a review of taxonomic changes published since 2004 and digitally linked species names to their original descriptions and subsequent revisionary articles in an interactive, hierarchical database. We found 6,495 species of currently recognized mammals (96 recently extinct, 6,399 extant), compared to 5,416 in MSW3 (75 extinct, 5,341 extant)—an increase of 1,079 species in about 13 years, including 11 species newly described as having gone extinct in the last 500 years. -
Grade 4 Unit 4 Overview Life and Times of Humpback Whales Introduction
G4 U4 OVR GRADE 4 UNIT 4 OVERVIEW Life and Times of Humpback Whales Introduction Humpback whales are highly intelligent marine mammals that depend on specifi c environmental conditions to survive. In the Northern Hemisphere, they migrate north to nutrient-rich waters of Alaska to feed during the summer, and south to tropical, but nutrient-poor, warm waters in winter to give birth and mate. Humpback whales feed on large amounts of small fi sh and plankton that are abundant in northern marine environments in spring and summer. Adult whales maintain a thick layer of insulating blubber under their skin that keeps internal body temperatures constant. Whales are not born with insulating blubber and would freeze in cold Alaskan waters, which may explain whale migration to tropical environments in winter to give birth, and thus perpetuate survival of the species. In this unit, students begin to understand more about whales by investigating the similarities and differences of whale fossils to their present day form. Using data compiled by marine scientists, students accurately plot whale migratory routes on maps, and pinpoint sites where whales feed in Alaska, and give birth and mate in Hawai‘i. They also study the adaptability of whale body features, and the crucial roles these features play in their summer and winter environments as well as during migration. Students also note the feeding and behavioral dissimilarities displayed by different whale types in these environments. Under the teacher’s guidance and through Internet searches, students discover that humpback whales, like humans, are warm-blooded, give birth, engage in courtships, mate, nurse and protect their young from predators.