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030321 VLP Fort Ticonderoga
Fort Ticonderoga readies for new season LEE MANCHESTER, Lake Placid News TICONDEROGA — As countered a band of Mohawk Iro- name brought the eastern foothills American forces prepared this quois warriors, setting off the first of the Adirondack Mountains into week for a new war against Iraq, battle associated with the Euro- the territory worked by the voya- historians and educators in Ti- pean exploration and settlement geurs, the backwoods fur traders conderoga prepared for yet an- of the North Country. whose pelts enriched New other visitors’ season at the site of Champlain’s journey down France. Ticonderoga was the America’s first Revolutionary the lake which came to bear his southernmost outpost of the War victory: Fort Ticonderoga. A little over an hour’s drive from Lake Placid, Ticonderoga is situated — town, village and fort — in the far southeastern corner of Essex County, just a short stone’s throw across Lake Cham- plain from the Green Mountains of Vermont. Fort Ticonderoga is an abso- lute North Country “must see” — but to appreciate this historical gem, one must know its history. Two centuries of battle It was the two-mile “carry” up the La Chute River from Lake Champlain through Ticonderoga village to Lake George that gave the site its name, a Mohican word that means “land between the wa- ters.” Overlooking the water highway connecting the two lakes as well as the St. Lawrence and Hudson rivers, Ticonderoga’s strategic importance made it the frontier for centuries between competing cultures: first between the northern Abenaki and south- ern Mohawk natives, then be- tween French and English colo- nizers, and finally between royal- ists and patriots in the American Revolution. -
Some Perspectives on Its Purpose from Published Accounts Preston E
SOME PERSPECTIVES ON ITS PURPOSE FROM PUBLISHED ACCOUNTS PRESTON E. PIERCE ONTARIO COUNTY HISTORIAN DEPARTMENT OF RECORDS, ARCHIVES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ERVICES CANANDAIGUA, NEW YORK 2019 (REPRINTED, UPDATED, AND REVISED 2005, 1985) 1 Front cover image: Sullivan monument erected at the entrance to City Pier on Lake Shore Drive, Canandaigua. Sullivan-Clinton Sesquicentennial Commission, 1929. Bronze tablet was a common feature of all monuments erected by the Commission. Image from original postcard negative, circa 1929, in possession of the author. Above: Sullivan-Clinton Sesquicentennial Commission tablet erected at Kashong (Yates County), Rt. 14, south of Geneva near the Ontario County boundary. 1929. Image by the author. 2004 2 Gen. John Sullivan. Image from Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution. v. I. 1860. p. 272. 3 Sullivan-Clinton Campaign monument (front and back) erected in 1929 in Honeoye. Moved several times, it commemorates the location of Ft. Cummings, a temporary base established by Sullivan as he began the final leg of his march to the Genesee River. Images by the author. Forward 4 1979 marked the 200th anniversary of the Sullivan-Clinton expedition against those Iroquois nations that allied themselves with Britain and the Loyalists during the American Revolution. It is a little-understood (more often misunderstood) military incursion with diplomatic, economic, and decided geo-political consequences. Unfortunately, most people, including most municipal historians, know little about the expedition beyond what is recorded on roadside markers. In 1929, during the sesquicentennial celebrations of the American Revolution, the states of New York and Pennsylvania established a special commission that produced a booklet, sponsored local pageants, and erected many commemorative tablets in both states. -
The Impact of Weather on Armies During the American War of Independence, 1775-1781 Jonathan T
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2011 The Force of Nature: The Impact of Weather on Armies during the American War of Independence, 1775-1781 Jonathan T. Engel Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES THE FORCE OF NATURE: THE IMPACT OF WEATHER ON ARMIES DURING THE AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE, 1775-1781 By JONATHAN T. ENGEL A Thesis submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2011 The members of the committee approve the thesis of Jonathan T. Engel defended on March 18, 2011. __________________________________ Sally Hadden Professor Directing Thesis __________________________________ Kristine Harper Committee Member __________________________________ James Jones Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii This thesis is dedicated to the glory of God, who made the world and all things in it, and whose word calms storms. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Colonies may fight for political independence, but no human being can be truly independent, and I have benefitted tremendously from the support and aid of many people. My advisor, Professor Sally Hadden, has helped me understand the mysteries of graduate school, guided me through the process of earning an M.A., and offered valuable feedback as I worked on this project. I likewise thank Professors Kristine Harper and James Jones for serving on my committee and sharing their comments and insights. -
Environment and Culture in the Northeastern Americas During the American Revolution Daniel S
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library Spring 5-11-2019 Navigating Wilderness and Borderland: Environment and Culture in the Northeastern Americas during the American Revolution Daniel S. Soucier University of Maine, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Part of the Canadian History Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Military History Commons, Nature and Society Relations Commons, Other History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Soucier, Daniel S., "Navigating Wilderness and Borderland: Environment and Culture in the Northeastern Americas during the American Revolution" (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2992. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/2992 This Open-Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NAVIGATING WILDERNESS AND BORDERLAND: ENVIRONMENT AND CULTURE IN THE NORTHEASTERN AMERICAS DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION By Daniel S. Soucier B.A. University of Maine, 2011 M.A. University of Maine, 2013 C.A.S. University of Maine, 2016 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (in History) The Graduate School University of Maine May, 2019 Advisory Committee: Richard Judd, Professor Emeritus of History, Co-Adviser Liam Riordan, Professor of History, Co-Adviser Stephen Miller, Professor of History Jacques Ferland, Associate Professor of History Stephen Hornsby, Professor of Anthropology and Canadian Studies DISSERTATION ACCEPTANCE STATEMENT On behalf of the Graduate Committee for Daniel S. -
Oriskany:Aplace of Great Sadness Amohawk Valley Battelfield Ethnography
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Ethnography Program Northeast Region ORISKANY:APLACE OF GREAT SADNESS AMOHAWK VALLEY BATTELFIELD ETHNOGRAPHY FORT STANWIX NATIONAL MONUMENT SPECIAL ETHNOGRAPHIC REPORT ORISKANY: A PLACE OF GREAT SADNESS A Mohawk Valley Battlefield Ethnography by Joy Bilharz, Ph.D. With assistance from Trish Rae Fort Stanwix National Monument Special Ethnographic Report Northeast Region Ethnography Program National Park Service Boston, MA February 2009 The title of this report was provided by a Mohawk elder during an interview conducted for this project. It is used because it so eloquently summarizes the feelings of all the Indians consulted. Cover Photo: View of Oriskany Battlefield with the 1884 monument to the rebels and their allies. 1996. Photograph by Joy Bilharz. ExEcuTivE SuMMARy The Mohawk Valley Battlefield Ethnography Project was designed to document the relationships between contemporary Indian peoples and the events that occurred in central New York during the mid to late eighteenth century. The particular focus was Fort Stanwix, located near the Oneida Carry, which linked the Mohawk and St. Lawrence Rivers via Wood Creek, and the Oriskany Battlefield. Because of its strategic location, Fort Stanwix was the site of several critical treaties between the British and the Iroquois and, following the American Revolution, between the latter and the United States. This region was the homeland of the Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy whose neutrality or military support was desired by both the British and the rebels during the Revolution. The Battle of Oriskany, 6 August 1777, occurred as the Tryon County militia, aided by Oneida warriors, was marching to relieve the British siege of Ft. -
National Park System M Ap and G U Ide National Park
San Juan Abbreviations for National Park System Areas Where the Parks Are Island IHS International Historic Site NL National Lakeshore N PRES National Preserve NS National Seashore NHP Alaska: 23 parks North NB National Battlefield NM National Monument NR National River NSR National Scenic River/Riverway Arctic Circle Cascades Ross Lake NRA NBP National Battlefield Park NM & PRES NRA National Recreation Area NST National Scenic Trail NP NBS National Battlefield Site National Monument and Preserve NRR National Recreational River PKWY Parkway Ebey’s Landing Olympic NP Lake Chelan NRA NMP National Military Park l NH RES NHP National Historical Park NRRA SRR Scenic and Recreational River a n N MEM National Memorial National River and Recreation Area e Contiguous US: 357 parks Wild River o NHP & PRES WR n i i t L SEATTLE National Historical Park and Preserve NP National Park N RES National Reserve WSR Wild and Scenic River a e n t NH RES National Historical Reserve NP & PRES r Puerto Rico and a Klondike Gold Rush NHP Guam: 1 park e Hawaii: 7 parks t National Park and Preserve D Virgin Islands: 6 parks NHS National Historic Site n I OLYMPIA Lake Roosevelt NRA Glacier NP Equator Lake of the Woods Mount Rainier NP American Samoa: 1 park Lewis and WASHINGTON Clark NHP 11 time zones ouri R Appalachian iss ive NST M r Fort Vancouver NHS Fort Union Trading Post NHS Voyageurs NP Whitman PORTLAND Col Nez Perce NHP Isle Royale NP umbia River Mission NHS Grand Portage NM Saint Croix Island MONTANA IHS NORTH DAKOTA KE SUPERIO SALEM LA R HELENA Knife River Indian Villages NHS MAINE Grant-Kohrs Ranch NHS Theodore Apostle Keweenaw NHP Roosevelt NP Islands Acadia NP BISMARCK NL AUGUSTA National Park Service U.S. -
Fort Stanwix National Monument Junior Ranger Activity Booklet
Fort Stanwix National Monument National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Fort Stanwix National Monument Junior Ranger Activity Booklet Fort Stanwix National Monument Junior Ranger Activity Booklet Hello, Welcome to Fort Stanwix National Monument! Today you are doing something very special by becoming a National Park Service Junior Ranger! What is a Junior Ranger? They are very important people, just like you, who take the time to learn about and protect Fort Stanwix NM and other National Parks around the United States. At Fort Stanwix NM, you can become a Junior Ranger in several different and fun ways. Please read "How Do You Become a Fort Stanwix NM Junior Ranger?" on Page 2 to learn how to begin this booklet. Thank you for all of your effort today and, most importantly, have fun! Explore. Learn. Protect. Be a Junior Ranger! Experience Your America! There are over 390 park areas that preserve America‛s heritage. Some parks protect plants, animals, and their homes. Other parks protect historic buildings and places. Each lets us see and learn about things that are special in the United States. You can enjoy these different parks as you travel around the nation! Check out the National Park Service website to learn about other parks at www.nps.gov Name a National Park near your home: Can you name the National Park areas that these pictures represent? National Park Service 1 How Do You Become a Fort Stanwix NM Junior Ranger? This Junior Ranger program will take about 1 to 1 1/2 hours to complete depending upon which activities you choose to do. -
1934 Washington, Tuesday, July 11, 1950 TITLE 3—THE PRESIDENT CONTENTS
• jS N Q N A L - 4 ^ VOLUME 15 1934 NUMBER 132 - ¿tfVlTED ^ Washington, Tuesday, July 11, 1950 TITLE 3— THE PRESIDENT general and special orders, rules, and CONTENTS regulations as may be necessary or ap EXECUTIVE ORDER 10141 propriate for carrying out the provisions, THE PRESIDENT and to accomplish the purposes, of this Possession, Control, and Operation op order. All Federal agencies shall comply Executive Order Pa§e the Transportation S ystem op the with the orders of the Secretary issued Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Chicago, R ock Island & Pacific R ail pursuant to this order and shall coop Railroad Co.; possession, con road Company erate to the fullest extent of their au trol, and operation of the trans WHEREAS I find that as a result of a thority with the Secretary in carrying portation system____________ 4363 labor disturbance there are interrup out the provisions of this order. Reorganization Plans tions, and threatened interruptions, of 4. The Secretary shall permit the man Factory-built homes; loans (Re the operations of the transportation agement of the company to continue its organization Plan 23)________ 4366 system owned or operated by the Chi managerial functions to the maximum Federal National Mortgage Asso cago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad degree possible consistent with the pur ciation (Reorganization Plan Company; that it has become necessary poses of this order. Except so far as the 22)___________________ 4365 to take possession and assume control of Secretary shall from time to time other National -
Mount Independence State Historic Site
Mount Independence Buoy 39 Lake Champlain Museum General Information Kiosk 9 FOUNDATION: This rectangular foundation may State Historic Site 5 have● been for a blockhouse overlooking East Creek. It is Trailhead Kiosk about 200 feet east of the star fort stockade wall. Below Trails and Self-Guided Tour 4 Picnic Area is a large outcropping of black chert stone, used by 2 Southern 3 Wheelchair Accessible Native Americans to make tools and weapons, and by Defenses 1 Six miles of walking and hiking trails guide you past the Trail Walking Trail (Moderate) Revolutionary soldiers for gun flints. Baldwin Trail 6 Catfish Bay archaeological remains of the general hospital, batteries, Hiking Trail (Difficult) M/V Carillon (DIFFICULT, 2.2 MILES) blockhouses, barracks, and soldiers’ huts, and offer scenic 15 Blue Trail Scenic View Blue Trail Dock 7 views of Lake Champlain. Locations are marked on the OFF BALDWIN TRAIL OR NEAR NORTH END OF ORANGE TRAIL 12 10 trail map. The Baldwin, Orange, and Blue Trails start at Private Road 11 7 6 This trail roughly follows a Revolutionary War-era the trailhead kiosk near the museum. 4 8 2 5 2 supply road between the Hospital (#6, Baldwin Trail) and → → 14 7 the bridge (#6, Orange Trail). Before you go 13 Orange Trail to Orwell 3 1 Tickets are required for the trails and grounds. Purchase and VT Route 22A 6 1 FORGE AREA: Large amounts of charred debris and your trail ticket and obtain a trail map in the museum. 3 slag● suggest this was the location of a forge for working 4 We also offer bottled water in the museum shop. -
Brit Namer in 1775 Map Copy
British North America in 1775 NOVA Québec SCOTIA C ha Grand Portage ua Boundary ERIOR e d UP c ie uncertain S n r KE re e A w L a L t P in e K a n e o SIOUX S Richelieu n n b e s Montréal c b e o Norridgewock t CHIPPEWA ALGONKIN Saint Johns c ABENAKIFort Halifax Penobscot Fort Michilimackinac Lake Fort Western S L Valcour Bay Champlain AK T E T H NEW Falmouth E U Fort Crown Point R S O Fort Ticonderoga OTTAWA Lake George HAMPSHIRE U MENOMINEE N Portsmouth C H La Baye N RIO o C A NTA KE O Fort Oswego n LA n A G e S I Moh MISSISSAUGA Fort Stanwix awk c S t A WINNEBAGO H i M SMOHAWK Albany c u C I H t Boston I Fort Niagara Cherry O ONEIDA u Valley d Worcester Cape Cod M CHIPPEWA TUSCARORA s U NEW o n Providence Prairie du Chien E Province of Q ONONDAGA K Hartford QUÉBEC O CAYUGA YORK Newport A Newtown D CONN L R e RHODE IE la New Haven New Fort Detroit R ISENECA w Minisink E a LondonISLAND SAC E re Fairfield AK AREA Wyoming IOWA L Valley Tappan Norwalk FOX Saint Joseph RESERVED Wilkes-Barre Morristown Long Island FOR New York City Springfield Connecticut Farms POTAWATOMI INDIANS Perth Amboy MIAMI WYANDOT PENNSYLVANIA S Monmouth us qu Lancaster Burlington Pittsburgh eh a York n Philadelphia n MINGO a Fort Henry New Castle M WEA DELAWARE S NEW JERSEY i Baltimore s s h P Cape May i N ot s s om Annapolis s KICKAPOO a I i SHAWNEE Winchester a p b c DELAWARE LOUISIANA p a A i W PIANKASHAW Alexandria T MARYLAND C h N Fredericksburg e s K a ILLINI e U VIRGINIA p Vincennes n Blue Licks Saint Louis o e i t Charlottesville a h u AREA k c O Cahokia E -
Fort Stanwix National Monument
PROPERTY OF LIBRARY DIVISION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES NARO FORT STANWIX NATIONAL MONUMENT September 13 1985 33//31IW .AEMINISTRATIVE HISTORY REPORT 1923 1976 Submitted by William Jackson Superintendent Superintendent Statanent The administrative history of Fort Stanwix National Monument delineated herewitt is but sampling of what goes into the establishment of national park The incessant efforts of untold private citizens civic leaders local state and federal officials only begin to tell what is required to bring project of this magnitude to fruition The next few pages will attanpt to bring seiubalance of understanding and continuity to the concept planning development and final achievnent of Fort Stanwix Albeit this report does not tell the complete story of Fort Stanwix it does give the reader some insight into its overall development There is Im certain much more data that could be collected However it is hoped that this report will provide infotmation understanding and appreci ation for the political process involved in the establishment of park The next person serving as Superintendent charged with managing this unique culthra resource will have starting point relative to Fort Stanwix history William Jackson MMINISTRATIVB HISTORY OF FORT STANWIX 1923 1976 As in years past public sentiment and involvement has caused National Parks to be established Fort Stanwix is no different To show how this process works the following pages will primarily concentrate on early FOST history relative to planning before its congressional approval and -
FORT STANWIX I I NATIONAL MONUMENT I NEW YORK {' B&Wscans 5·.3-26C95 I J I I I I I I I II I I RECOMMENDED
~-·- -· -· - -·-·-----·-··-·---·---·-··--- interpretive prospectus. .. iuly 1975 I n: " I ,. ' ·1 • [: '' : · "'. I I I LJ 77~ ·--·--- I . I ! I I It I I I I I FORT STANWIX I I NATIONAL MONUMENT I NEW YORK {' B&WScans 5·.3-26c95 I J I I I I I I I II I I RECOMMENDED Robert L. Steenhagen 2/14/74 I Team Manager Lee Hanson 5/1/74 I Superintendent Glenn 0. Hendrix 3/28/74 I Manager, Denver Service Center I APPROVED Jerry D. Wagers 5/1/74 I Regional Director, North Atlantic Region .. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR I NATIONAL PARK SERVICE I .. I I I I I ! I 11 i Ill I I I I I I I //I ff1 . 11 1//1. ··~l / . ·.. ~ ... 1f' ~~-.f:-···: I ~ia.f FORT STANWIX NATIONAL MONUMENT e INTERPRETIVE PROSPECTUS I I I STATEMENT OF LEGISLATIVE SIGNIFICANCE 1 INTERPRETIVE THEME 2 THE RESOURCE 4 I The Site 4 The Reconstruction 7 THE PLAN FOR INTERPRETATION 8 ti Entrance-Information/Orientation 8 West Barracks Interpretive Program 9 I Refurnished Rooms and Living Interpretation 11 Wayside and Functional Signs 13 Tours and Guided Walks 14 Special Programs 17 Publications 20 Sales 22 SCOPE OF COLLECTIONS 23 RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS 26 STAFFING 27 PROGRAM ITEMS 28 Denver Service Center 28 Harpers Ferry Center 28 Division of Interpretation, WASO 28 APPENDIX - FLOOR SPACE 29 BIBLIOGRAPHY 30 FORT STANWIX PLANNING TEAM 31 .. I I STATEMENT OF LEGISLATIVE SIGNIFICANCE ,/i- ,.. It Fort Stanwix National Monument was a long tim~ in establishment. Its I authorization occurred in 1935, but was tied to a donation of lands which I delayed the park's emergence.