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Faculdade De Filosofia E Ciências Campus De Marília Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciência Da Informação UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Campus de Marília Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação Marcio Ferreira da Silva A QUESTÃO DA REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS RELIGIÕES DE MATRIZ AFRICANA NA CDD: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA UMBANDA MARÍLIA 2018 Marcio Ferreira da Silva A QUESTÃO DA REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS RELIGIÕES DE MATRIZ AFRICANA NA CDD: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA UMBANDA Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho – Unesp – Campus de Marília, com requisito para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciência da Informação. Área de concentração: Informação, Tecnologia e Conhecimento. Linha de pesquisa: Produção e Organização da Informação Orientador: Carlos Cândido de Almeida MARÍLIA 2018 Silva, Marcio Ferreira da. S586q A questão da representação das religiões de matriz africana na CDD : uma análise crítica da umbanda / Marcio Ferreira da Silva. – Marília, 2018. 220 f. ; 30 cm. Orientador: Carlos Cândido de Almeida. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência da Informação) – Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, 2018. Bibliografia: f. 155-170 1. Negros – Identidade racial. 2. Classificação decimal de Dewey. 3. Teoria do conhecimento - Organização. I. Título. CDD 025.431 Elaboração por André Sávio Craveiro Bueno CRB 8/8211 Unesp – Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências MARCIO FERREIRA DA SILVA A QUESTÃO DA REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS RELIGIÕES DE MATRIZ AFRICANA NA CDD: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA UMBANDA Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho – Unesp – Campus de Marília, para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciência da Informação. Área de Concentração: Informação, Tecnologia e Conhecimento. Linha de Pesquisa: Produção e Organização da Informação BANCA EXAMINADORA _____________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Carlos Cândido de Almeida Orientador Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP _____________________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Luciana de Souza Gracioso Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCAR _____________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rodrigo de Sales Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC _____________________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Flávia Maria Bastos Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP ______________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Daniel Martinez-Àvila Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP MARÍLIA 2018 AGRADECIMENTOS Em primeiro lugar, agradeço ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da Unesp-Marília pelas oportunidades e aprendizados durante esse período. Ao meu orientador, professor Carlos Cândido de Almeida, pelas conversas, reflexões, entusiasmo sobre o tema deste trabalho e, principalmente, pela paciência. Meus sinceros agradecimentos aos professores membros da banca por aceitarem o convite de contribuir com este trabalho. Aos colegas do programa Bruno Henrique e Rafael Semidão por compartilharem experiências, reflexões, piadas ao longo dessa caminhada. Sem esquecer, obviamente, o cafezinho na cantina da Unesp. Agradeço aos entrevistados pelas contribuições, aos dirigentes, membros e pesquisadores pelo acolhimento e disponibilidade. Aos meus familiares e conterrâneos de União dos Palmares (Alagoas), terra que me inspira, berço da liberdade do Quilombo dos Palmares e do herói nacional Zumbi dos Palmares, o meu axé. À minha companheira Elane, por me acompanhar nesta jornada. Ao Pedro, hoje aos noves anos, que tem convivido com todas essas fases desde 2009. RESUMO As narrativas e, precisamente, as representações sobre os grupos sociais distanciaram-se da realidade da cultura local. O discurso e as escolhas que representavam a memória e suas histórias tiveram como ponto de partida uma visão distante de conteúdos que refletiam, sobretudo, os aspectos identitários desses grupos. Denominamos esse tipo de interpretação de representação “sobre”. A presente pesquisa problematizou o modo como estão representados o negro e os assuntos correlatos à comunidade negra nos sistemas de organização do conhecimento ensinados nos cursos de Biblioteconomia no Brasil. Nessa acepção, enquanto ponto de partida, ergueu-se a proposta de hipótese de que representar o conhecimento de comunidades ou grupos tradicionais em favor do acesso ao conhecimento, deve pautar-se por uma leitura plural da realidade, o que nem sempre foi o caso para a situação do negro no Brasil. Nesse sentido, buscou em seu objetivo geral compreender a estrutura de representação das temáticas associadas aos negros nos sistemas de organização do conhecimento utilizados no Brasil. Especificamente, a Classificação Decimal de Dewey com ênfase à análise da religião Umbanda. Os sistemas ensinados nas escolas de Biblioteconomia no Brasil não se sustentam suficientemente para cobrir os aspectos culturais e, singularmente, as religiões de matriz africana na Classificação Decimal de Dewey. Nas representações sociais, a Umbanda é vista como “religião de feitiço”, catimbó”. A repetição desses termos tem imputado aos indivíduos atributos incompatíveis com suas práticas. Essas representações adquirem valor simbólico nessas expressões e estrategicamente forjadas. As comunidades discursivas dos povos tradicionais demonstram quão complexo e distante tem sido as representações sobre as religiões dos afrodescendentes, o quanto são afetados socialmente por sub- representações e omissões que afetam suas identidades. Os temas presentes nas categorias da CDD, além de não representar adequadamente os temas relativos às religiões afrodescendentes, tem desempenho satisfatório para ocultar esses grupos e toda sua diversidade. Consideramos, que os sistemas são inadequados quando se voltam para questões específicas de uma realidade complexa como a brasileira. A postura exigida, ao longo das discussões, exige aproximações mais incisivas com as representações sociais referentes aos povos afrodescendentes no Brasil. Palavras-Chave: Organização Conhecimento. Representação do Negro. Sistemas de Classificação. Identidade Afro-brasileira. ABSTRACT Narratives and more specifically representations of social groups have distanced themselves from the reality of the local culture. Discourse and choices that represent memory and its stories had as a starting point a distant view of contents that reflect, above all, about the identity aspects of these groups. We call this type of interpretation "about". The present paper investigated the way in which black people and the topics related to the black community are represented in the knowledge organization systems that are taught in the academic programs in Librarianship in Brazil. In this sense, our hypothesis is that representing the knowledge of traditional communities or groups in favor of access to knowledge should be guided by a plural reading of reality, which was not always the case for the situation of the black people in Brazil. In this sense, we sought to understand the structure of representation of the topics related to black people in the knowledge organization systems used in Brazil. More epecifically, we analyzed the Dewey Decimal Classification in relation to the Umbanda religion. The systems that are taught in the Brazilian programs in Librarianship do not cover the cultural aspects religions related to Africa, such as in the Dewey Decimal Classification. In the social representations, Umbanda is seen as a "religion of spell", catimbó ". The repetition of these terms has assigned individuals attributes that are incompatible with their practices. These representations acquire a symbolic value in these expressions and are strategically forged. The discursive communities of the traditional peoples show how complex and distant the representations of Afro-descendant religions have been. How socially they are affected by sub-representations and omissions that affect their identities. The topics that are present in the categories of the DDC, besides failing to adequately represent the topic related to Afro-descendant religions, hide these groups and their diversity. We consider that systems are inadequate when they turn to specific questions of a complex reality such as the Brazilian one. The stance that is required, throughout the discussions, demands more incisive approximations with the social representations that refer to Afro-descendant peoples in Brazil. Key words: Knowledge Organization. Representation of black people. Classification Systems. Afro-Brazilian identity SUMÁRIO 1 INTRODUÇÃO ......................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Escopo da tese .................................................................................................. 14 1.2 Problema de pesquisa ...................................................................................... 25 1.3 Hipótese e objetivos ......................................................................................... 33 1.4 Justificativa ........................................................................................................ 37 1.5 Metodologia ....................................................................................................... 41 1.5.1 Seleção do sistema de organização do conhecimento ............................... 43 1.5.2 Técnica de coleta de dados e sujeitos ........................................................
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