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Position Paper on Bangladesh Response to Arsenic

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Position Paper on Bangladesh Response to Arsenic Annex-A: Project/Programme Information Profile Annex-A PROJECT/PROGRAMMES INFORMATION PROFILE Page 3 of 202 Annex-A: Project/Programme Information Profile Collected information on different projects/programmes conducted by different organizations are presented in this nexure. In each page and individual project/programme is briefly described by considering name, status, location, area of activity, duration, tentative cost, lead agency, partners organization, address of the contact person and a brief description of the project/programme, etc. Year and activity wise distribution of different projects/programmes are presented in the Fig. A. The figure A indicated that highest number of projects/programmes were undertaken in 2001. The highest number of projects/programmes are 11% 15% related with awareness campaign. The 18% number of patient identification and 25% management related projects/ 31% programmes were the lowest. Among these projects/ programmes 84 projects Screening were related with water supply, 16 Mitigation Awareness projects were related with water Patients Identification & Support Integrated Approach resources aspects, 9 projects were related with hydrogeology, 4 projects Fig A: Distribution of project with respect to time and activity were related with agriculture. There were two policy related projects for sound implementation of the national policy for arsenic mitigation and implementation. 71% projects/programmes has been covering the rural areas and 29% project has been covering the urban areas represented in Fig. B. Among the projects/programmes 46% is completed and 54% is ongoing. A good number of Covering projects will be completed within the June 2005. Mainly, Rural DPHE, DPHE/UNICEF, DPHE/DANIDA, BAMWSP, Areas BRAC, DCH, WV, IDE, AAN, NGO Forum for DWSS, BRDB, WPP, etc. organizations were involved with Completed Project arsenic mitigation. The mitigation options were dug/ring Ongoing wells, rainwater harvester (community/ household), deep project tube well, pond sand filter, arsenic iron removal plant, shallow shrouded tube wells, piped water supply system, Covering Arban community based arsenic mitigation technologies and Areas different types of household level arsenic removal technologies. A total number of 24529 deep tube wells, Fig B: Distribution of projects/programmeswith respect 1059 arsenic iron removal plant, 39 piped water supply to area and completion status system, 224 shallow shrouded tube wells were installed. Page 4 of 202 Annex-A: PROJECT/PROGRAMMES INFORMATION PROFILE PROJECT/PROGRAMMES INFORMATION PROFILE: 1 1. Name of the Project/Programmes: Integrated Approach for Mitigation of Arsenic Contamination of Drinking Water in Bangladesh An arsenic Mitigation project in Sharsha Upazila, Jessore Is/was the above mentioned project a ; Rural / ; Urban. The project is/was ; on going completed The project/programmes is/was implementing/implemented all of the upazilas of Bangladesh ; some specific areas of the country which is mentioned in the following: Division District Upazilas Unions Kayba Bashatpur Nizampur Sharsha Khulna Jessore Sharsha Goga Lakshampur Bagachra Benapole Putkhali Dihi Ulashi Which related area ; Water Supply ; Water resources Aspects ; Arsenic Removal Technologies covers/covered? ; Hydrogeology ; Health Aspects ; Agricultural Aspects What arsenic related activities ; Tube well Screening ; Awareness Campaign ; Arsenic Mitigation Activities performed? ; Patient Identification and Support ; Research on Arsenic Mobilization and Source Duration of the project/programmes From: January 2002 To: Ongoing Funded by ; Donor Funded GOB Self Funded Other please specify____________ If donor funded, What is the name of the donor? JICA Cost of the Project 36,839,000 2. Information about the Implementing Organization/Organizations Sl No Name of the Organization Type of the Organization 1 Lead Agency: Asia Arsenic Network GOB ; NGO R. Organization Universities Development Partners 3. Contact person and Address Name Kazuyuki Kawahara Tel: 02-9894493 Address : House-142, Road-12, Block-E Fax: Banani, Dhaka 1213 email: [email protected], [email protected] 4. Brief Description of the Project The objectives of the project are to attain the following activities in Sharsha Upazila: To identify the dimensions of arsenic contamination in terms of (a) contaminated tube wells (b) arsenocosis patients, to create and increase awareness among the people on the risks of arsenic among people, to secure and supply safe drinking water and to build up the capacity of local government institutions and among community people for the management of arsenic problem. The out come of the project through the activities upto February 2004 is summarized below • Identification of Dimension of Arsenic Contamination By the screening of all the tube wells for drinking in Sharsha upazila, It was found that 23% of them are contaminated with arsenic exceeding Bangladesh standard. It was found that the southern part of the region is highly contaminated 312 people were identified as arsenocosis patients by the medical experts • Awareness raising about the danger of Arsenic About 119042 villagers participated in the flip chart presentations, nutrition programmes and cultural programmes Survey on behavioral changes, conducted twice, showed that the number of users of red tube wells has decreased. • Provision for Safe Water 35 Dug wells sand filters, 1 PSF, 1 deep tube wells, were constructed by February, 2004 and 11 dug well sand filters are under construction, therefore 7,400 peoples of 1480 households have access to safe drinking water. The construction of a pipe line water supply facility started on March 2004. Another 12 PSFs will be installed by September 2004 Report can be found from the project completion report about the knowledge gains behavioral change and safe water options Integrated Approach: For effective arsenic mitigation, as integrated approach is essential involving expertise in mobilizing community, testing water quality, designing appropriate safe water option, and identifying the patients while giving proper advice on safe water and nutrition as well as medical care. The mobile arsenic center operation was an ideal approach in this regard to start with. Awareness Activities: To create and raise awareness on the risk of taking arsenic contaminated water, three major programme was undertaken during the project namely a flipchart presentation, a cultural programme and a nutrition programme. With each programme achieved a certain level of performance, an entertainment factor of the cultural programme consisting of jari and gambhira was well received by the villagers resulted as most effective to convey the massage. Other type of entertainment such as games and role-plays involving more active participation of villagers rather than providing them with information only. Construction of Safe water Options: To conduct such construction activities more extensively in wider areas, some kind of standardization of safe water device would be essential. Further studies are requited in this regard and indeed also 1) to assess the appropriateness of the current safe water device 2) to develop other safe water options for smaller or larger population then currently envisaged. The production of a manual on construction and O&M would be prerequisite for any standardization of safe water option Testing of Water Quality: The arsenic concentration tends to vary seasonally and with the passage of time. Water quality should be tested when any safe water device has been installed and monitored regularly. A thorough monitoring system, not only for arsenic but also for other substances such as ammonium, phosphate and coliform bacilli, should also be established and undertaken Patient Management: Patients should be confirmed by proper medical experts. Sometimes field workers are misguided by skin lessons. Such confirmed patients should receive proper advice on taking safe water, nutrition and treatment. During the project period its was observed that through the provision of safe water had improved the dermal symptoms of the patients at initial stage. There were case of health deterioration among the serious patients. It was recommended therefore to establish a system to monitor the health condition of the arsenocosis patients and to provide medicines and access to treatment considering the socio-economic condition in rural areas of Bangladesh. Community Participation: To ensure the sustainability community participation is must. In the project, the locally recruited field workers and field supervisors carried out the tube well screening. The ward AMCs and the user communities played a vital role in the installation of their safe water device. More active involvement of the community could be pursued vigorously in first identifying the problem and then planning how to solve it. Although the arsenic issue has currently difficult aspects for the villagers to tackle, it would be important for them to perceive the problem of their own to deal with it on their own appropriate guidance and support by an implementing agency and local government administration. Page 5 of 202 Annex-A: PROJECT/PROGRAMMES INFORMATION PROFILE PROJECT/PROGRAMMES INFORMATION PROFILE: 2 1. Name of the Project/Programmes: Rural Piped Water Supply in Borura Is/was the above mentioned project a ; Rural / Urban. The project is/was on going ;completed. The project/programmes is/was implementing/implemented all of the upazilas of Bangladesh ; some
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