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Revista Ejército Nº 799 Noviembre 2007

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Revista Ejército Nº 799 Noviembre 2007 1-116.ps - 10/19/2007 11:43 AM NOVIEMBRE DE 2007 AÑO LXVIII NÚMERO 799 P-3 Laser Guided Bomb I • Vigencia e Invariabilidad de S-80 la Función Militar Fragata F100 • Guerras de Cuarta Generación. CN-235 para el programa Deepwater La Solución: ¿Tecnología? Littoral Combat Ship LAMPS HIMARS noviembre 2007 noviembre - año LXVIII - núm 799 La alianza hace I la fuerza. EJÉRCITO I En un mundo que continúa cambiando a ritmo vertiginoso, los gobiernos buscan alcanzar sus principales objetivos mediante alianzas industriales con empresas tecnológicamente avanzadas de todo el mundo. Lockheed Martin y sus socios en más de 50 países se esfuerzan en satisfacer una amplia gama de necesidades gubernamentales prioritarias: Desde el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de defensa, a la gestión del tráfico aéreo, marítimo y ferroviario. Desde los sistemas de Mando y Control militares y civiles, a la fabricación y lanzamiento de satélites. Porque cuando el objetivo es realmente importante, la alianza hace la fuerza. www.lockheedmartin.com DOCUMENTO: La Interoperatividad (DOCEX-07) 2-3.ps - 10/19/2007 12:01 PM Índice EDÍTA EDITORIAL 4 Foto: MINISTERIO SECRETARÍA GENERAL 27 DE DEFENSA TÉCNICA DOCUMENTO DIRECCIÓN Director La Interoperatividad (DOCEX) - 07 General de Brigada José Ángel ARMADA de SARRÍA Subdirector, Jefe de Colaboraciones y Administración Coronel Eduardo ORTIZ de ZUGASTI AZNAR Jefe de Ediciones Coronel Julián BARRIOS BARBERO CONSEJO DE REDACCIÓN Coroneles Presentación Meléndez Jiménez, Ramírez Verdún, BLAS PIÑAR GUTIÉRREZ. Grande Urquijo, Franco Serrano General de Brigada. Infantería. DEM. 36 y Dolz del Castellar Alvargonzalez. Tenientes Coroneles García-Mercadal, Dacoba Cerviño, Fuente Cobo y Muñoz Blazquez. Comandantes Concepto Español de Interoperatividad Cepeda Lucas, Urteaga Todó, JUAN HERNÁNDEZ GUTIÉRREZ. De la Fuente Cagigós, Teniente Coronel. Infantería. DEM. 38 Gonzálvez Vallés, Ariño Astudillo y Sarto Fereruela. Suboficial Mayor Illana Miralles. Interoperatividad Táctica: Doctrina y Procedimiento NIPO: 076-07-039-6 (Edición en papel) La Brigada en la Estabilización NIPO: 076-07-038-0 (Edición en línea) ANTONIO LUZÓN MUNIESA. Depósito Legal: M. 1.633-1958 Comandante. Artillería. DEM. ISSN: 1696-7178 JUAN IGNACIO REYES MADRIDEJOS. Correctora de Estilo: Comandante. Infantería. DEM. 42 Paloma Prado Caballero. Servicio de Documentación: Emilia Antúnez Monterrubio. Corrector de Pruebas: Teniente José Manuel Riveira Córdoba. Interoperatividad Táctica: Mando y Control Diseño Gráfico y Maquetación: JULIÁN DÍAZ ABAD. Luis Angelina Higuera, Teniente Coronel. Infantería. DEM. 48 Ignacio Moreno Piqueras y Francisco J. Gallardo Gallardo. Fotocomposición, Fotomecánica e Impresión Interoperatividad de la Función Inteligencia CENTRO GEOGRÁFICO DEL EJÉRCITO FRANCISCO JIMENEZ MOYANO.. Promotor de Publicidad: Teniente Coronel. Infantería. VÍA EXCLUSIVAS.SL FRANCISCO JAVIER SANTOS DÍAZ. Viriato, 69 S-C. 28010 Madrid (España) Teléf.: 91 448 76 22 / Fax: 91 446 02 14 Teniente Coronel. Artillería. 54 Email: [email protected] http: // www.viaexclusivas.com Fotografías: SEPUB, (Manrique/DECET), La Integración Logística en una Brigada Pascual Alonso, Ramos Guerra, Hispano - Francesa R. Andrés, Couso Larios, Cusachs, ÁNGEL CASTILLA TRILLO. Salvador Cubedo,Noval García, Lopez Teniente Coronel.Infantería. DEM. Fernandez y Gallardo. FRANCISCO FERNÁNDEZ GONZÁLEZ. REVISTA EJÉRCITO: Comandante.Infantería 58 C/. Alcalá 18, 4.º 28014 MADRID. Teléf.: 91-522 52 54. Telefax: 91-522 75 53. 2-3.ps - 10/19/2007 12:01 PM • NOVIEMBRE 2007 • AÑO LXVIII. NÚM. 799 ARTÍCULOS SECCIONES Desfile del día de la Grandes Autores del Arte Militar Fiesta Nacional 6 Baltasar de Ayala.. PEDRO RAMÍREZ VERDÚN. Coronel. Infantería DEM. 100 Vigencia e Invariabilidad de la Función Militar FELIPE QUERO RODILES.. Observatorio Internacional de Conflictos General de División. DEM. 8 ALBERTO PÉREZ MORENO. Coronel. Infantería. DEM. CARLOS ECHEVERRÍA JESÚS. Guerras de Cuarta Generación. Profesor de Relaciones Internacionales de la UNED. 101 La Solución ¿Tecnológoca? PEDRO SÁNCHEZ HERRAEZ. Comandante. Infantería. DEM. 18 Cine Bélico 105 Defensa Antimisiles Hemos Leído 107 Balísticos en Europa JOSÉ ANTONIO PASCUAL ALONSO.. Información Bibliográfica 111 Teniente Coronel. Artillería. DEM. 26 Sumario Internacional 113 La Estrategia de las Naciones Unidas contra el Terrorismo MIGUEL ANGEL GUIL GARCÍA. Comandante. Transmisiones DEM. 65 NUESTRAS INSERCIONES Sistema Ahead-Skyshield EUGENIO GARCÉS BONET. Teniente Coronel. Artillería. 71 Poema: «...Así son los Regulares...” » 115 Los Suboficiales en la OTAN RAMÓN COUSO LARIOS. Sargento 1º. Artillería. 78 Reflexiones sobre la Influencia del La Revista Ejército es la publica- Redacción, Administración y Suscrip- Espíritu de Cuerpo en la Moral Militar ción profesional militar del Ejército ciones: Sección de Publicaciones de JOSÉ SALVADOR CUBEDO. de Tierra. Tiene como finalidad la JCISAT. C/. Alcalá 18, 4.º 28014 Teniente Coronel. Transmisiones. DEM. 81 facilitar el intercambio de ideas MADRID. Teléf.: 91-522 52 54. Tele- sobre temas militares y contribuir a fax: 91-522 75 53. Pág. WEB: la actualización de conocimientos www.ejercito.mde.es, E-mail: ejerci- y a la cultura de los cuadros de torevista@ et.mde.es; revistaejerci- Los Equipos de Toma de Muestras NBQR mando. Está abierta a cuantos [email protected]. Suscripción anual: FERNANDO NOVAL GARCÍA. compañeros sientan inquietud por España 12,02 euros; Europa:18,03 Capitán. Infantería. 87 los temas profesionales. Los traba- euros; resto del mundo: 24,04 euros. jos publicados representan, única- Precio unidad: 2,4 euros. mente, la opinión personal de los (IVA y gastos de envío incluidos) LA VIGENCIA DE LOS PRECIOS autores. REFERIDOS SERÁ DURANTE EL AÑO 2007 La Eficacia de una Fortificación Efímera MANUEL LÓPEZ FERNÁNDEZ. Comandante. Artillería. 94 PUBLICIDAD: Santa Barbara 17, ITT Defense 25, AGPM 33, y Lockheed Martin 116. 4-5.ps - 10/19/2007 11:33 AM Editorial odos sabemos que la actual situación Tinternacional se caracteriza por una continua y progresiva actividad de cambio que, además, se acelera cada día más. Aparecen nuevas amenazas y permane- cen, aunque con menos posibilidades, las antiguas. Desde el 11 de septiembre, lleva- mos ya seis años de lucha contra el terro- rismo internacional y las FAS tienen ya cierta experiencia en esta lucha en dife- rentes territorios. Como es lógico, el senti- do común aconseja la necesaria adapta- ción de los ejércitos a la nueva situación, pero, además de las convenientes medidas estructurales, la verdadera cuestión de fondo es en qué medida se ve afectada la esencia de la función militar. on frecuencia se pone en tela de juicio la efectividad del máximo Corganismo internacional, es decir la ONU, en la lucha contra el te- rrorismo. Es verdad que tanto el Secretario General como las diferentes resoluciones del Consejo de Seguridad se han referido frecuentemente a esta lucha. Es verdad que sus resoluciones abarcan las facetas más impor- tantes del fenómeno terrorista, pero también es verdad que la sensación de ineficacia va acompañando a cada nueva resolución. Esta ineficacia es el resultado de múltiples razones, entre las que, tal vez, destaca la di- ferente sensibilidad hacia el terrorismo que presentan las naciones que componen dicho organismo internacional. na y otra vez analizamos y estudiamos las experiencias extraídas Ude los conflictos de Afganistán, Iraq y el Líbano. Pero siempre nos sorprende un fenómeno que, por otra parte, se ha ido repitiendo a lo lar- go de toda la Historia. Cuando más parecen como definitivos los adelan- tos tecnológicos para lograr la victoria, más se aprecia el elemento hu- mano y sus valores. Esta es la situación actual respecto a los conflictos asimétricos, también llamados de cuarta generación. ace ya meses que podemos encontrar en los medios de comunica- Hción, la polémica desatada por el objetivo de EE UU de desplegar en Europa un sistema de armas antimisil para proteger los territorios ame- ricanos y europeos de un ataque de esta categoría. Aunque la amenaza vendría de Oriente Medio, Rusia se opone al proyecto puesto que estima que es perjudicial para sus vectores de disuasión nuclear, lo que alteraría el equilibrio estratégico global. Sin embargo, la voluntad de llevarlo a 4-5.ps - 10/19/2007 11:33 AM cabo, y a corto plazo, es firme y es de desear que todas las garantías que ofrezcan a Rusia puedan hacerlo posible y viable. abido es que disfrutar de una elevada moral militar por parte de los Scomponentes de un ejército, es condición indispensable para el cumplimiento de los fines del mismo. Uno de los vectores de la moral militar es el espíritu de cuerpo, y desde siempre se ha procurado poner los medios para estimularlo, sabiendo que es un factor de cohesión im- portante en las unidades. Pero este espíritu de cuerpo que se plasma en la necesaria diferenciación del resto de las unidades, debe lograrse con prudencia y dosificarse con inteligencia para no provocar verdaderos efectos perversos. on frecuencia en nuestras páginas ha quedado reflejada la impor- Ctancia que en los ejércitos tienen los suboficiales. Hace ya algunos años, celebramos los 500 del empleo de Sargento en el Ejército español. Ahora que es absolutamente corriente que nuestras unidades se integren y actúen en fuerzas multinacionales, se han observado las importantes diferencias que en cuanto a formación, empleos y misiones, tienen los suboficiales de los ejércitos de las diferentes naciones. Por ello, dada nuestra total integración en la OTAN, sería
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