2Nd Standard Allocation Paper

Humanitarian Fund in Turkey

2nd Standard Allocation Paper

August 2016

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I. Introduction

o This allocation paper is issued by the Deputy Regional Humanitarian Coordinator (DRHC), in consultation with the Clusters and Advisory Board of the HF in Turkey, to set the funding priorities for the 2016 2nd Standard Allocation. o A total amount of USD 30 million is available for this allocation. This paper outlines the allocation priorities and rationale for the prioritization. o This allocation paper also provides strategic direction and guidance to partners for the allocation process.

I. Allocation Strategy and Rationale

II. Situation Overview According to the Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) for Syria, an estimated 13.52 million people, including six million children are in need of some form of humanitarian assistance and protection. 6.5 million people, including 2.8 million children, are displaced within Syria and 4.2 million are registered refugees in neighboring countries and in North Africa. Over 1.2 million people have been displaced to date this year, many for the second or third time. The humanitarian situation across the country has deteriorated with an increase in the targeting of civilian infrastructure, and an increase in internal displacement. The number of people in-need living in besieged and hard-to-reach areas has risen to 5.47 million, including some 590,000 across in 18 besieged locations, which the Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O'Brien confirmed in a Security Council briefing in July.

The period since the 1st Standard Allocation has been characterized by evolving security and conflict dynamics which have had sever negative implications for the protection of civilians and humanitarian access across the country. An increase in fighting in the north has resulted in many civilian casualties and the displacement of tens of thousands. Populations throughout the northern countryside of Aleppo have been particularly impacted by the conflict, displacing thousands to areas along the Turkish border. Predictable humanitarian access into Eastern Aleppo is limited, given the increased hostilities along the Castello road. In Idleb, an intensifying aerial campaign has resulted in the displacement of several thousand families, and the destruction of health and educational facilities in locations across the governorate. Civilians continued to be exposed to indiscriminate attacks and deprivation as parties to the conflict obstruct access routes to Eastern Aleppo city and between cities and residential areas throughout northern governorates. Consequently, prices for fuel, essential food items and water surged in several locations, with implications for both food and water security of affected populations.

Currently, it is estimated that some 4.9 million people are living in hard-to-reach locations. This represents an increase of 110,000 people in besieged locations and 800,000 in hard-to-reach locations, further highlighting the increasing challenges for humanitarians seeking to assist people across Syria. The continued absence of full and sustained access to besieged and hard-to-reach areas is exacerbating existing vulnerabilities. The provision of partial approvals by the authorities for some requests submitted combined with insecurity prevents

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humanitarian partners from delivering fully on plans to provide humanitarian assistance to civilians in these areas. In some areas, insecurity has also prevented humanitarian actors from maintaining access to civilian populations living in besieged and hard-to-reach locations. Tensions and hostilities between the Government of Syria and other parties to the "Four Towns Agreement" have left over 62,000 civilians in the towns of Madaya, Foah, Zabadani and Kefraya cut off from humanitarian assistance since April.

Humanitarian access to ISIL-held areas of Deir-ez-Zor and Ar-Raqqa remained circumscribed due to ISIL’s restrictive policy vis-à- vis humanitarian actors as well as insecurity, though alternative modalities for aid delivery have continued to be employed in coordination with local actors. The continued closure of the Nusaybin border crossing and the absence of viable alternatives prevented hundreds of thousands of people in need in Al- Hasakeh from receiving assistance, leading the United Nations to initiate planning for a costly air-bridge as a last resort. Increased fighting in Ar-Raqqa, Rural Damascus and Dar’a were reported to have contributed to displacement of thousands of households while also threatening populations’ access to markets, water supply and agricultural lands sustaining local communities.

III. Allocation Strategic Priorities This Allocation Strategy is in line with all three of the objectives articulated within the Syria Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP), namely “Saving lives”, “Enhancing protection” and “Supporting resilience” of affected populations. Programmatically, emphasis is placed on seasonality including winterization, whilst geographically priority will be given to projects targeting populations in besieged and hard to reach locations. In all sectors priority is to ensure the integration of protection principles and GBV risk reduction strategies into programming1.

In addition to the above, the allocation underscores the humanitarian community’s joint commitment to support and reinforce the response capacity of national humanitarian actors and therefore priority will be given to projects submitted to national NGOs.

1 http://gbvguidelines.org/

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IV. Cluster Allocations

Shelter / NFI Cluster – Allocation of 4 million USD Shelter and NFI support remains a primary need for the crisis-affected population. It is estimated that 2.4 million people need shelter support and 5.3 million people need NFI support. Syrians remain the primary providers of emergency shelter for IDPs. Adequate shelter stock remains insufficient. Evictions, insecure tenure and repeated displacements remain a chronic problem. Access to and availability of NFI items remains limited. Currently, an estimated 6.5 million people are displaced, 1.7 million live in collective centres and 7.8 million have insufficient access to markets. 1.2 million housing units have been damaged and 400,000 destroyed. People - residents, IDPs and hosts- who live without shelter or in damaged or unfinished buildings are considered most at risk to the threats associated with not meeting their livelihoods, WASH, education and other needs. Within households, the young, women headed households, and the elderly are most impacted by a family’s inability to meet its own shelter and NFI needs. Given the cyclical nature of displacement, loss of NFIs and damages to shelters the displaced, hosts and the crisis affected often need repeated assistance.

The dynamics of the conflict are continually changing and affecting the safety of civilians and the access by the Cluster membership. The intensification of airstrikes in South/South-West Aleppo Governorates, Idleb Governorates and the frontlines moving towards the Turkey border in the area of Azaz have determined a constant status of insecurity and a protracted and repeated need of shelter and NFI. The risk of delivering goods from Turkey to Syria has significantly increased. In order to mitigate these risks most organizations halted their shipments or reduced the amount of goods crossing the border.

KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES: The Shelter/NFI Cluster through the TWiG has just finalized the Guidance Note on the minimal standards for the winter season response and will collect soon member organizations winter plans in order to measure the gap in funding for the coming winter season. Unfortunately due to the on-going emergency characterized by multiple displacements the partners have to shift resources very often from the winter allocations in order to prioritize other type of response until the start of the winter season. Therefore this situation does not allow the Cluster to have predictability on funds allocated to the winter response and gap calculation varies consistently till the end of September.

The total population in need of winterization every year has been estimated to be approximately 1,8 M people. According to the 2015 mid-year report from Cluster members 1,8 M people is the target for NFI assistance during winter season. The Cluster aims to address through the HF allocation the population most in need of winter items in the less accessible areas (HTR and besieged less reached by the Cluster). Moreover the most prioritized areas will be the ones where the fuel is most expensive, with the highest concentration of IDPs. The single women headed HH will be prioritized on the rest of the IDPs.

One of the key needs of the people exposed to harsh weather conditions is the fuel (diesel fuel, kerosene fuel, coal, timber, olive pits, etc.), and the access to it. The Cluster recommends for this activity only members that have successfully passed the HF capacity assessment because the program in itself requires high logistic capacity and an already solid and established supply chain.

In light of the above and because more preparedness is needed the SNFI Cluster will prioritize exclusively the winter response for the 2nd HF standard allocation.

Following the Guidance Note finalized by the TWiG chaired by Global Communities the Cluster recommends that all the households in need of winterization (protection from harsh weather conditions) will be provided at least with the following three items as part of the minimum package for the winter assistance:

1. Fuel for cooking and heating through the most suitable modality in respect of the Do no harm principle (in kind/voucher/cash)

2. Heaters distribution, one off during the winter season

3. Winter clothes distribution through the most suitable modality in respect of the Do no harm principle.

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Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) 2016/2017 Areas where fuel is most expensive and 1. Fuel for cooking and heating for 4 months Winter with the highest level of IDPs. through the most suitable modalities in response as respect of the Do no harm principles (in per SNFI Besieged and HTR locations where access kind/voucher/cash) Cluster is possible. Please consult with Cluster for Guidance Note updated list of B&HTR areas. 2. Heaters distribution, one off during the winter finalized by the season TWiG. 3. Winter Clothes, one off during the winter season distribution through the most suitable modalities in respect of the Do no harm principles (in kind/voucher/cash)

WASH Cluster – Allocation of 3 million USD CURRENT SITUATION: Based on a water systems survey in locations accessible to Turkey hub partners and serving an approximate 5.3M people, it was found that the electricity sector deficiency is having a very big negative impact on the water sector. In fact, locations with 5 out of 10 governorates that were accessed by the survey, national grid power is almost non-existent. Moreover, Standby Power Generation, the only solution in some locations could only result in an increase of water availability by 23% to 35%. The survey also highlighted that while the infrastructure efficiency is generally on the low side, the Chlorination Infrastructure Efficiency alone is even lower. More than one third of the systems surveyed in Al-Hasakeh have no chlorination infrastructure. This could lead to conclude that, due to the crisis and weakened monitoring, the focus is more on pumping water with lesser emphasis on the quality aspect. In addition to providing essential services to the newly displaced, longer term planning is needed to maintain appropriate services for those in established informal settlements. Receiving only minimal assistance for the long term may lead into negative health and psychological impacts while raising assistance levels may cause a pull factor. These concerns need to be carefully weighed, as well as cost considerations, for many of the informal settlements that are into their second year. In regards to access, this continues to be the biggest challenge especially for responding to ISIS-held and besieged communities.

WASH partners are well-established in Azaz and Suran sub-districts, and Idleb Governorate while only a limited number of partners have access in Afrin and Menbij sub-districts. Many of the newly displaced were accepted into informal settlements currently covered by WASH partners, and services were scaled up to meeting the needs. WASH partners were also able to cover many of the newly formed informal settlements, especially within Idleb, but more informal settlements will likely be identified as rapid assessments occur. For the IDPs staying with host families in Aleppo and Idleb communities, WASH partners are supporting water infrastructure projects, solid waste management, and hygiene promotion activities. Although Menbij town currently is not accessible, partners are gathering information remotely and preparing to respond should access be gained. The current understanding suggests that their water network is severely disrupted due to the insecurity, suggesting that infrastructure rehabilitation may be required.

KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES: The more than 5 year crisis is having a big negative impact on the sector that could never be adequately addressed through humanitarian aid that mainly focuses on the most obvious physical problems. This gap is mainly affecting the quality of delivered services (less water shares, sub-standard water quality, contaminating the environment with raw sewage and garbage, etc.) and well as the sustainability of these services (interrupted availability). This gap will only tend to grow bigger with the lack of a sustained and comprehensive support. Based on the pattern of achievements vis-à-vis targets, water and solid waste seem to be more on track compared to sewage disposal and treatment. On the other hand, support to sustained services is getting priority attention when compared to repair/rehabilitation of water systems.

The lack of chlorination infrastructure is an anomaly that has to be rectified. Financial implications are not expected to be substantial while the positive effect this would have on water quality is critically important. On the other hand, rehabilitation works of systems should continue to be focused on because of its cost-effectiveness.

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Also, rehabilitation should always be associated with sustained Operations and Maintenance activities with an aim of securing communities’ support through the revival of cost-recovery/ tariff systems. Provision of emergency services to IDPs and the highly vulnerable population in the form of access to safe water, hygiene items, sanitation and solid waste management will be an ongoing priority.

Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) Improve a) Areas with new IDPs such as Idleb,  Direct safe water provision. emergency WASH Aleppo, Afrin, Menbij, and Lattakia.  Distribution of WASH NFI such as water services for Also included are all locations listed as containers, aqua tabs, and hygiene items, informal camps hard to reach or besieged.  Emergency sanitation and solid waste and collective management. centers b) Existing informal settlements with Hygiene promotion activities. high WASH risk factors. Comprehensive a) Locations showing a combination of  Structural/civil and electromechanical rehabilitation and high concentrations of IDPs, severe repairs. support to O&M of WASH conditions and evidence of high  Adding new water sources (if needed). existing WASH water borne disease rates, but with  Extending coverage through an existing infrastructure good accessibility to allow for system. including support monitoring. This includes Idleb  Support to operations and maintenance to systems’ staff Governorate, but other locations are components including fuel, water capacity building eligible if partners can provide evidence purification chemicals, fast moving and revival of cost that the criteria are met. spares, fuel for standby generators and recovery systems. stipends to operators and technicians.  On the job refresher capacity building to operators and technicians. Re-establish a cost-recovery system to support sustainability.

Education Cluster – Allocation of 3 million USD CURRENT SITUATION: The deterioration of the security situation continues to limit access to education for children and youth in Syria. Since the beginning of May, partners have reported 12 attacks on schools throughout the governorates of Idleb and Aleppo. As a result, some partners have suspended activities, while others are closely monitoring the situation. Despite the difficult operating context, partners continue to deliver education services in both schools and temporary learning spaces. The main limitation continues to be access to funding, as partners indicate the capacity to scale up in both host communities and in response to IDP influxes, but are unable to do so due to lack of resources needed to sustain quality programming.

Currently, cross border partners are reaching 339,411children, youth and education actors since the beginning of the 2016. Activities include rehabilitation of learning spaces, capacity development for teachers, provision of incentives and teacher/student kits.

KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES: Security and safety is an increasing concern affecting both access and quality of teaching. Attacks on schools are not only causing physical and material damage, but is also disrupting the delivery of services. In many cases, schools have been suspended and families are reluctant to send their children to school, even when schools are operating. Children are afraid to travel to sit for the national exams due to major security concerns. The issue of recognition of certification remains a major challenge in all areas outside of government control including areas accessible from cross border operations, hard to reach and besieged areas.

The protracted nature of the crisis hampers the collection of school level data for an evidence-based and equity- focused sector programming. This together with heavy bureaucratic procedures have had a negative impact on programming, timely school level monitoring, reporting of education interventions and capacity development of partners.

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The education sector remains extremely under-funded, as according to FTS of 18 July, the education sector for the HRP 2016 is only 38% funded. Furthermore, the overwhelming majority of the partners are Syrian NGOs (26 of 38 partners), who are in dire need for funding to improve their capacity and quality of programming, which is a key objective of the Turkey Humanitarian Fund.

Priority is to increasing access and quality of education programs in areas that partners maintain access to. Further this it is to ensure that local communities have the capacity to continue delivering education services to conflict affected children, as well as absorb incoming displaced children with opportunities to access education despite displacement. Gaps in both are continually noted by on-going partner assessments, the HNO 2016 and the results of the education assessment that was conducted last year. Projects that display mechanisms to measure learning outcomes will be highly considered.

Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) Scale up safe Accessible locations based on gaps 1. Rehabilitation of or establish temporary and equitable identified per the Education Cluster 4Ws classrooms to increase the absorption access to formal including the following districts: Al Mara, capacity of schools in formal and non- and non-formal Azaz, As Suqaylabiyah formal settings. education for 2. Non-formal education (remedial and crisis-affected Geographic locations with recent high catch-up education, literacy and school aged girls influx of IDPs language courses, self-learning) for out- and boys (5-17 of-school children and youth. years) Besieged/HTR areas keeping in mind 1. Provision of technical and organizations must have proven capacity vocational education to youth to implement. Sub-districts and communities as identified by OCHA 2. ECCD Activities monitoring list Improve the Accessible locations based on gaps 3. Provision of learning and teaching quality of formal identified per the Education Cluster 4Ws materials, equipment and support and non-formal including the following districts: Al Mara, packages. education for Azaz, As Suqaylabiyah 4. Provision of teacher incentives school aged girls 5. Provision of teacher professional and boys (5-17 Geographic locations with recent high development and on EIE, INEE, PSS, years) within a influx of IDPs emergency planning protective environment. Besieged/HTR areas keeping in mind organizations must have proven capacity to implement. Sub-districts and communities as identified by OCHA monitoring list

FSL Cluster - Allocation 5.5 million CURRENT SITUATION: The 2016 Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) indicates that three out of four Syrians live in poverty and 13.5 million people are in need of various forms of humanitarian assistance. Half of the working age population is unemployed, with loss of income effecting millions of dependents. Food insecurity levels are fast deteriorating as 8.7 million people, almost half of the Syria population, are in need of various forms of food security related assistance, of which 6.3 million people are food insecure, and the rest of 2.4 million are at risk of food insecurity.

The FSL humanitarian response during the 2016, divided by the main strategic objectives (S01. Life-saving, life sustaining; S02. Livelihoods and Agriculture; S03 Essential services, S04. Improved quality of response), described a situation where cross border partners reached 5,068,775 cumulatively with food baskets from January to May in 2016. Additionally, cross border partners also provided assistance to 957,793 people on an average every month with wheat flour/bread through bakery support. In parallel, cross border partners provided seeds, home gardening kits and agriculture inputs to a total of 522,434 individuals while another 24,000 individuals received animal distributions, treatment or support. The support dedicated to livelihoods activities are

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therefore still not sufficient to prevent the risk of food aid dependency and are considered too often only as an alternative to food aid while instead should also be seen as complimentary support, especially for those who are still retaining access to productive assets, though are unable to generate sufficient income to be considered food secure.

KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES: A combination of the following negative factors (in addition to the above situation analysis) have led the Cluster members to prioritize the support to agriculture and livelihoods activities: scarce availability and access to quality inputs; insufficient support to agriculture production in terms of provision of loans; insufficient knowledge of agricultural practices (when and where extension services are not present); uncertainty about storage capacity and marketing opportunities; risk of planted crops losses (insecurity, fires, frost, etc.); farmers inability to make a sufficient livelihood from agriculture activities; risk of adopting negative coping strategies as abandoning land and relying on food assistance with the negative effect of reducing employment related to the agriculture sector for landless farmers, seasonal workers and IDPs.

The priority is therefore to sustain the agriculture/livelihoods activities by means of provision of quality inputs, knowledge transfer, financial support, storage infrastructure rehabilitation, markets opportunities. Activities should be complementary to provide necessary food assistance especially for food insecure beneficiaries that are still retaining access to productive assets (land/livestock) but are not able to sustain their livelihoods if not adequately supported.

Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) a) Provision and expansion of Hard to reach and besieged 1. Training on both agriculture and livestock essential/extension services areas as per the recently b) Provision of quality inputs revised list 2. Agricultural/livestock inputs & equipment distribution c) financial support( vouchers) Governorates and sub- to agriculture activities districts prioritizing 3. Cash/vouchers programmes d) rehabilitation of key agricultural and livelihood infrastructures, wells activities or key production 4. Rehabilitation of services and ,canals, food processing and areas infrastructure also utilizing cash for work, storage facilities cash for harvesting/processing e) protection of fields/crops 5. Prevention/preparedness/disaster risk from hazards like fire reduction including fire risk reduction for f) protection of livestock from crops at the last stage before harvesting risk of outbreaks of diseases Income generation activities g) Longer term income generation activities & small 6. Animal treatments and vaccinations business grants linked to agricultural sector 7. Provision of start-up kits for jobs in the agriculture support services

Protection Cluster – Allocation of 5.5 million USD

CURRENT SITUATION: Since the beginning of the conflict in 2011, Syria has witnessed a significant deterioration in the humanitarian and security situation across the country, and a marked increase in internal displacement. Chronic human rights violations and abuses occur in the context of widespread insecurity and disregard for the standards of international humanitarian law; the conflict is characterized by the absence of effective protection for large numbers of civilians in Syria. In addition, the conflict, which has negatively impacted on the effectiveness of protection institutions, and social and family protection networks and structures, has increased the vulnerability of specific groups.

Children have suffered from violent and often indiscriminate attacks through the extensive use of shelling, aerial bombardments and deliberate firing on civilian targets. Children are also one of the groups mostly affected by

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sieges. They are trapped without basic necessities and live under constant fear of deadly snipers or bombardments and severe psychosocial distress. After years of the conflict, families are struggling to meet their basic needs and are increasingly reliant on negative coping practices, including putting children out to work. The prevalence of child labour, including in its worst forms (recruitment & use of children by armed groups), appears to be the predominant reason for the withdrawal of children from schools in many parts of Syria. Some children have found themselves separated from their caregivers or have themselves become the head of the household following the death or disappearance of their parents. In other cases, families send children away to work in other areas of the country or across borders to generate income and avoid them being recruited by armed groups. Children are increasingly being used by parties to the conflict to participate in a range of conflict-related activities (both combat and support).

According to existing assessments risks of GBV are ever present for women and girls in Syria (GBV WOS Assessment). Women and girls report fearing sexual violence and abuse in camp settings, at distribution and service points, when using WASH facilities, when crossing checkpoints or when walking around in their community without a male accompanying them. In areas controlled by Islamic extremist groups, women and girls fear arrest and physical punishment for not adhering to new rules imposed by these groups. The combination of new restrictive rules and fear of sexual violence results in a severe restriction of movement for women and girls. Child marriage is considered a protection strategy by families, and domestic violence has been reported consistently and linked to men’s frustration and challenges to cope with conflict situation. Overcrowded IDP camps and lack of privacy put women and girls at further risk, moreover safety and dignity needs of new arrivals should be promptly addressed with distribution of dignity kits.

KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES: Protection is an over-arching issue which requires programming response across sectors and expanding the footprint of a protection lens is a key priority for the Protection Cluster through protection mainstreaming, protection advocacy and other capacity building for various actors in the humanitarian community. Access to undertake and support meaningful and sustained protection interventions remains challenging, primarily due to increasing insecurity, administrative obstacles and limited capacity/presence on the ground. It is a key priority to increase specialized protection services and expand protection monitoring and enable the strengthening of communities ability to cope on their own through community based protection interventions in accessible areas of Syria and in communities that are hard to reach, besieged or where no protection actors currently operate.

The focus will be on strengthening community-based child protection mechanisms to improve protection of children from violence, abuse and exploitation in targeted locations through enhanced coordination among relevant agencies and service providers. Partners will provide immediate psychosocial support for children while strengthening sustainable community-based support for them and their caregivers. By pairing service delivery and awareness raising for children, caregivers and community members, the response will help to protect children from violence and risks in their communities, while promoting the development of skills and positive coping mechanisms to safeguard their future.

GBV response is geographically limited therefore the sub-cluster is prioritizing underserved areas. The GBV SC developed an emergency response model, to promote an effective way to respond to different new emergencies according to access and presence of GBV actors on the ground. This includes safety audit or rapid assessments, delivering GBV key messages on service provision, prepositioning of dignity kits and post-rape kits, providing psychological first aid. Roll out of this too will address needs of population in emergency. This emergency response goes hand in hand with strengthening quality of existing GBV response services, as well as building a more effective response.

Mine action services are expanding and there is an ever greater need for data collection on hazards and casualties in order to adequately prioritise the mine action response. The priority for the sector is to continue to expand services – clearance, risk education and victim assistance – with a particular focus on projects that include data collection as a component.

Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) Strengthen sustained All besieged and hard to reach 1. Protection monitoring community-based communities; sub-district with interventions to limited or no specialized protection 2. Specialized protection services/activities, identify, prevent and services (information accessible via including: respond to critical the 4Ws or through consultation a. case management and referrals protection needs and with the Cluster Coordinators).

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Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) ensure the protection b. legal counselling services including lens is applied across provision of support/advice on civil the Humanitarian documentation response. Increased c. Community based protection geographic coverage interventions by cluster members.

3. Protection advocacy, Protection Mainstreaming and protection capacity building activities for non-protection actors. Enhance the resilience Hard to reach, besieged locations, 1. Expand or strengthen new/existing of the affected and areas with limited operational structured psychosocial support communities by actors with protection expertise in interventions targeting children, caregivers increasing their access all governorates (prioritise sub- and teachers through community outreach to sustained districts 4&5 as per protection and safe spaces community-based severity scale in Aleppo, Idleb child protection Hama and Al Hasakeh) 2. Provision of specialised child protection services with services through case management, increased geographic targeting interventions aimed at addressing coverage by cluster vulnerabilities related to child labour, child members. recruitment, child marriage

3. Strengthen the capacity of community members to prevent and respond to child protection issues

4. Awareness raising on child protection concerns, including prevention of family separation, PSS self-care, ERW, worst forms of child labour Survivors have access Hard to reach, besieged locations, 1. Expansion of GBV services, through clinics, to GBV response and areas with limited or not GBV Women and Girls Safe Spaces and mobile services and measures specialized services. units, with a focus on survivor centred are in place to reduce psychosocial support/case management risks of GBV, including Information on services gaps during new confirmed through sub-cluster 4Ws 2. GBV emergency response package is timely displacement with (ex. As-Suqaylabiyah, Hama, implemented during new displacement or in increased geographic Ariha, Al Bab, Muhradah, sub- besieged areas coverage by cluster districts) members. The extent of Hard to reach besieged locations, 1. Survey and data collection on hazardous contamination is better and areas with limited or no mine areas, accidents and casualties and the known and mine action action activities. impact of explosive hazards on besieged services in Syria are and hard to reach areas. expanded by Information on services gaps strengthening capacity confirmed through sub-cluster 4Ws. 2. Risk education, with an emphasis on joint of Syrian partners to Hazard data collection as above, programming with other sectors where conduct risk with a particular emphasis on areas appropriate. education, survey, where the sector could respond marking, clearance with clearance in the short to 3. Marking and clearance activities in areas and victim assistance. medium term. that are inaccessible to international actors.

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CCCM Cluster – Allocation of 3 million USD CURRENT SITUATION: Informal tented settlements and collective centres are a refuge of last resort for the internally displaced people (IDPs). IDPs seek refuge in these sites only after they have exhausted all other financial and social capital. There are now over 322,000 individuals who have residing in IDP sites in Northern Syria (planned camps, informal tented settlements, transit camps, and collective centres). This is an increase of over 125,000 people and 23 additional informal settlements over the last year. Despite diminishing resources, CCCM members have been able to provide multi-secotral services to these camps covering 74% of food needs, 81% of water needs and over 60% of Shelter/NFI needs.

Complicating matters further is the deteriorating security situation. In 2016, over 40,000 residents of these sites in Azaz (Aleppo governorate) and Yamadia (Lattakia governorate) were forced to flee as the frontlines drew dangerously close to their settlements. There were two direct attacks on IDP sites this year. The existing IDP camps are now over-capacity in both physical space and the infrastructure that was built to maintain minimum living standards within these sites.

KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES: Repair & Maintenance of Critical Infrastructure in IDP Sites: Due to lack of safe areas for IDPs to move and establish informal settlements, most of the IDPs are congested in the settlement in northern part of the northern governorates in Syria. The over-crowdedness of IDP sites have put enormous strain on the supporting infrastructure (WASH facilities, sanitation services, power supply, access routes…). Critical infrastructure has been begun to breakdown throughout all of the IDP sites. By investing in whole scale repair efforts and consistent maintenance, the sector can sustain or increase the coverage of its multi-sectoral services in the most cost effective manner. As with all CCCM interventions, direct participation of the beneficiaries in the design and management of these camps must be mainstreamed.

Winterization: To ensure that vulnerable residents of these IDP settlements will not suffer exposure during the upcoming winter, it is critical that the CCCM members prepare heating, shelter, and NFI solutions to provide for the most vulnerable camp residents. Previous winterization campaigns have included the provision of winter clothes, the provision of heating fuel and fire-extinguishers, the repair and weatherization of tents, and the replacement of key NFI goods. The campaign should be based on lessons learned and actual needs within the camps.

Multi-sector Support to IDP Sites and Collective Centre: Collective Centres are present throughout Northern Syria and are in structures as varied as schools, municipal buildings, unfinished buildings, and stadiums. The needs in these collective centres vary substantially although the vulnerability of the demographics living there is consistently shown to be more severe than those IDPs living in the host community. Despite the needs, collective centres are underserved by the humanitarian response. Only 44% of the collective centres that has been reported to the CCCM receives “multi-sector services” such as Food, WASH, Protection, Health support. The rest were merely identified as “needs based IDP site” to the CCCM and receive no consistent support. CCCM members should design tailored approaches to the specifics of each collective centre. As always, beneficiaries should be involved in the design and implementation of these projects and in the management of the centres themselves. In various clusters of informal tented settlements sector specific gaps have been persistent, which can be addressed through these interventions.

Priority Region(s)/ Location(s) Recommended activities Repair & Idleb: Dana, Harim, Salqin, 1. Restoration of disused critical infrastructure and Maintenance of Jisr-al-Shugur. installation of multi sectoral spaces Critical Aleppo: Afrin, Azaz, Dareet Infrastructure in Azaz. 2. Structural repairs and maintenance of the key IDP Sites Hassakah: AL Hole infrastructure with protection mainstreamed lese and Ar Raqqa: Membij, Mansura/ solid vulnerability criteria Deir-ez-Zor: Al Mayadin 3. Weatherization of key infrastructure

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4. Establish and support participatory approaches through gender balanced IDP Committees Winterization Idleb: Dana, Harim, Salqin, 5. Provision of heating fuel and fire-extinguishers to IDP Jisr-al-Shugur. sites (including collective centres). Aleppo: Afrin, Azaz, Dareet Azaz. 6. Repair and weatherization of tents and shelters Hassakah: AL Hole Ar Raqqa: Membij, Mansura/ 7. Road works to allow critical access during rain and snow Deir-ez-Zor: Al Mayadin 8. Provision of winter clothes

9. Replacement of key NFI goods. Multi-sector Idleb: Dana, Harim, Salqin, 10. Provide WASH, Food, NFI, Health responses tailored Support to IDPs Jisr-al-Shugur. to the needs of specific collective centres. Sites and Aleppo: Afrin, Azaz, Dareet Collective Azaz. 11. Needs assessments of IDPs living Collective Centre Centres Hassakah: AL Hole and registering CCs into the ISIMM. Ar Raqqa: Membij, Mansura/ Deir-ez-Zor: Al Mayadin 12. Promotion of participatory management in sites.

13. Retrofitting or Rehabilitation of structures for medium to long term residency.

Nutrition and Health Clusters – Allocation of 6 million USD CURRENT SITUATION: Nutrition In January - March, 2016 Nutrition cluster partners conducted rapid nutrition assessments in some of the besieged and hard to reach areas. The results of the rapid SMART screening conducted in some of the areas indicated overall low levels of global acute malnutrition in Azaz, HOMS. In addition, the rapid SMART survey conducted in the eastern rural Damascus (eastern Al Gouta) found the GAM based on MUAC to be critical. Though the overall GAM rate is still not considered “critical” by international standards absolute number of children at risk should be highlighted considering that these are dense areas with IDPs. This should also considered in line with other deteriorating aggravating factors for malnutrition including access to food, health facilities, clean water and other factors that will increase the risk of malnutrition among the most vulnerable groups including women and children under 5 years.

Considering these poor IYCF practices, the statistic that 28% of under-fives were stunted is unsurprising. The use of Breast Milk Substitute was widely accepted, with an estimated 10% of infants under 6 months not at all breastfed. Recent rapid assessments of areas in Aleppo which have received IDPs report that all risk factors are present to indicate infants and young children are at increased and significant risk; general distribution of infant formula and milk products has been rampant, infant formula is repeatedly stated as a priority need during humanitarian assessments and availability of complementary foods is poor. Safe water supply is not guaranteed due to frequent damage to infrastructure Health The intensification of the conflict and airstrikes in the last six months in Northern Syria targeting health facilities, added to indiscriminate attacks on civilian populations have in the last six months led to an increase in the number of trauma injuries, disruption of health services, and forced displacement of more than 160,000 people. Population displacements have been happening towards the Turkish border in northern Azaz district, to Kurdish held areas of Afrin district or to western of Aleppo and Idleb and within ISIS controlled areas. In the first six months of the year there have been more than 30 attacks on health facilities and health personnel with the partial or total destruction of several facilities and killing and injuries on health staff. Only in January and February Physicians for Human Rights documented the death of 25 health staff most of them by airstrikes.

In the first quarter of the year the health cluster, together with its health partners and the health directorates, conducted a needs and gaps analysis in three of the health networks that required additional support to respond to the health needs arising from these developments. In the northern Aleppo health network gaps identified

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included the need to provide services to scattered internally displaced populations and to strengthen the capacity of secondary health care facilities overloaded with increased number of cases as well as the referral system. For the Aleppo city health network a set of priorities were identified in preparation to the possible siege of Aleppo City. The city has already is besieged and the health cluster with the support of HPF and other donors has been able to preposition stocks for several months. These include additional stocks of supplies, stocks of medicines and consumables and anesthetics for surgical hospitals in Aleppo. In the western Aleppo and Idleb health network the most important needs included support to hospitals providing trauma surgery, running and supporting the ambulance system and mobile clinics.

KEY ISSUES AND PRIORITIES: Nutrition Besieged and hard to reach areas remain in critical condition due to a shortage of routine vaccines, drugs, health supplies, human resources and availability of services, more populated urban areas are overwhelmed with IDPs, placing a large burden on the disrupted health system and require continued humanitarian support. Access issues are particularly acute in Deir ez-Zor, Ar-Raqqa and certain districts in Aleppo that remain out of the reach for partners due to shifting frontlines. The recent airstrike in Aleppo city have also resulted in the destruction of some heath facilities and closure due to insecurity, all these will lead to deterioration of the nutrition situation of women and children. The key priorities are to scale up lifesaving curative and preventive nutrition interventions for management & prevention of malnutrition among women and children under 5 years in priority and highly affected areas by the conflict.

Health Foreseeing further intensification of the conflict, increased demand of trauma services and the need to provide services to an increasing number of displaced populations as well as to populations in hard to reach and besieged areas priority will be given in this allocation to the physical rehabilitation services for the increased number of injured people, strengthening of the existent referral services and the rehabilitation, fortification and provision of supplies of key health infrastructures as well as the provision of supplies in Hard to reach areas to be able to provide an essential package of services.

Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) Provide life- -Besieged and HTR areas. 1. Strengthening of the provision of saving and life- -Aleppo Governorate: western suburb. . physical rehabilitation services at sustaining the facility level, and establishing humanitarian -Idleb Governorate: Albara, Kelli, Jesr Ashoughur, professional physical rehab health Almaara, Jarjanas, Idleb city.sarmada centres. assistance to -Hama Governorate: eastern suburb. affected Besieged and HTR areas. populations -Aleppo Governorate: western suburb. -Idleb Governorate: Albara, Kelli, Afrin sub-district: Afrin city Provide life- Provision of primary Health care- 2. Provision of primary health care saving and life- Besieged and HTR areas. services(Essential package of sustaining -Aleppo Governorate: southern suburbs, northern services), in fixed and mobile humanitarian Aleppo clinics health -Idleb Governorate: Alhabit, Kafrewyd, Shnan, assistance to Bsames, Orem Aljoz,Dare Hasaan,Albara, Mahmbel, 3. Strengthening of referral system. affected Hafsarje, Zardana, Termanin, Sarmada, Algatrah, population. Alkhawary, Kafranbel, Kaframim. -Hama Governorate: Morek, Alhwyz.

Afrin sub-district: Afrin city, Deir Siwan village and Roubar camp. Jandairis sub-district: Jandairis city. Raju sub-district: Raju city. Sharan sub-district: Sharan city. Jebel Saman – Atareb sub-district: Sheikh Ali village

Strengthening of referral system Besieged and HTR areas. -Aleppo Governorate:

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Region(s)/ Priority Recommended activities Location(s) southern Aleppo Ambulance systemwestern suburb. -Idleb Governorate: Kafranbel, Saraqeb. -Hama Governorate: Northern suburb. -Latakia Governorate: western suburb of Jesr Ashoughur ( Zof, Bdama, Ein Albudha, Alkherbeh, Alhanboushyeh ) and near camps Support Besieged and HTR areas. 4. Establishing fortified community -Aleppo Governorate: western suburb. HFs/rehabilitating and reinforcing resilience, -Idleb Governorate: Kansafrah, Maaret Mesrin, HFs, including physical structure, institutional Kafranbel. equipment/supplies to provide and response -Hama Governorate: Latamneh. safe and secure environments for capacity by -Latakia Governorate: western suburb of Jesr health service delivery empowering Ashoughur (Zof, Bdama, Ein Albudha, Alkherbeh, communities Alhanboushyeh ) and near camps. and national Afrin city actors. Scale up of Besieged 5. Screening for malnutrition equitable Homs Al Ware, Darayya, Harasta 6. Management of malnutrition lifesaving & Arbin 7. Outreach services (mobile clinics) preventive Ein Terma 8. Community health workers nutrition Hammura programmes interventions Jisrein 9. Micronutrient supplementation Kafr Batna 10. Infant and young child feeding counselling services

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Eligibility for Funding

 Only partners that have passed the OCHA HF capacity assessment and “due diligence” requirements and are active members of the Clusters are eligible to submit proposals for funding.  Proposals of partners with 2 or more outstanding reports that are overdue by 3 months or more on the submission date (19th August 2016) will not be considered for the review unless the delay in reporting is caused by project revision process on the GMS or other GMS related issues.  Eligible partners may only submit a maximum total of 2 project proposals across all clusters. Partnerships between new and existing HF partners are strongly encouraged in line with the HF’s capacity development objectives.  Minimum project budget is 250,000 USD per proposal and maximum is determined by the partner ceiling and cluster allocation.  Partner ceilings are determined by the risk level (please see HF Operational Manual Page 11-12) and amount of funding organisation can apply for is ceiling amount minus the funded secured from HF so far (including all allocations up to date).

Priority will be given to “new” partners that have not received funding in any of the previous allocations.

V. Gender Marker

The HF allocations will utilise the Inter Agency Steering Committee (IASC) Gender Marker to promote gender mainstreaming. This is a self-applied coding system that checks the extent to which gender equality measures have been integrated into project design. It recognizes that differences between women, men, boys and girls need to be described and logically connected through three key sections of a proposal: The need assessment (context/situation analysis), The activities and The outcomes. When this is done, a project is more likely to meet the different needs of men, women, boys and girls and contribute to greater equality.

In all clusters, HF funding will prioritize projects achieving the highest gender marker code signifying that the project has made significant efforts to address gender concerns or the principal purpose of the project is to advance gender equality. Only projects which scores 2A and 2B on the gender markerwill be considered for the funding. Exceptions to this requirement must be defended with the intent to build awareness and capacity to ensure the project can achieve the required gender marker during the project period

The gender marker is only one tool used to promote gender equality. The HF encourages the use of participatory approaches, involving affected communities (men, women, boys and girls) in needs assessment, implementation and monitoring and evaluation, fielding gender balanced assessment and monitoring teams, developing gender indicators and ensuring programming tools (surveys, strategies, objectives ) are gender sensitive. Moreover the HF encourages the inclusion of GBV risk mitigation activities in each sector.

For more information or guidance, please contact the cluster gender focal points or Mete Temurcin, OCHA HF Gender Focal Point and Programme Officer at [email protected]. Please also consult the following link for a specific tip sheet for each cluster. The tip sheet includes a form to assist teams in reviewing project Gender Marker codes. These and other resources are available in four languages (including Arabic) at;

http://www.humanitarianresponse.info/themes/gender/the-iasc-gender-marker

https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/topics/gender/document/gender-marker-tip-sheets-arabic

http://www.humanitarianresponse.info/topics/gender/document/gender-marker-tip-sheets-english

There is also a link to the gender E-learning course "Different needs, equal opportunities: Increasing effectiveness of humanitarian action for women, girls, boys and men," which all humanitarian staff are encouraged to take. It is being hosted by UN Women’s Training Centre eLearning-Ca and can be accessed by all via the following link: https://trainingcentre.unwomen.org/course/view.php?id=35

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Project owners will need to register online on the web-site - but as mentioned - it is available to all. The course is available in English and French and takes approximately 2 hours to complete. To gain a certificate, participants need to complete the Introduction section, one of the Cluster Theme sections and the Conclusion section.

VI. Project Proposal Preparation and Submission

Proposal Preparation 1. All project proposals should be submitted via Grant Management System (GMS) by Sunday, 11th September 2016 23:59 (Midnight - Turkish time). Any submission after this date will not be accepted. GMS registration is obligatory for all eligible partners prior to the project proposal submission with due diligence component approved. GMS is a web-based platform that supports the management of the entire grant life cycle for the HF. https://cbpf.unocha.org/

2. Once you complete your registration on the GMS, please login to CBPF GMS Support portal and read instructions on how to submit a project proposal. http://gms.unocha.org/content/partner

3. Project proposals should be prepared in line with the strategic objectives of the HRP and the Allocation Paper. This needs to be supported by clear log frames with outcomes, outputs, SMART indicators and detailed activities. (Please refer to Annex 22 for a sample Project Proposal Template).

4. Organisations should consult with relevant cluster coordinators during the project proposal preparation phase.

Budget Preparation

5. All project proposals must have a detailed budget outlining all the project related expenditures under relevant budget lines. Please refer to Operational Manual Annex 21 Project Budget Template and Annex 9 Budget and Due Diligence Checklist for further details.

6. Budget proposals must reflect the correct and fair budget breakdown of the planned costs and clearly outline units, quantities and percentages. Partners should avoid including only lump sum amounts and provide bill of quantities (BoQs) including list of items and costs per item to total the unit cost for the planned expenditures.

7. Provide a budget narrative (as an essential component of the budget) that clearly explains the object and the rationale of any budget line. For example, shared costs, large/expensive assets, and costs/equipment required to support the regular operation of the implementing partner, are clear cases where the provision of details will be necessary in the budget narrative.

8. Project proposals with that do not meet the above requirements or with missing financial and budgeting information will not make it to the strategic review stage and project proposal will be eliminated.

9. For further guidance on budgeting (eligible and ineligible costs, direct or indirect costs) please also refer to the Operational Handbook for CBPF pages 35-39.

Start date and eligibility of expenditure

10. The HFU will liaise with the implementing partner to determine the start date of the project. The earliest possible start date of the project is the date of signature of the grant agreement by the partner. The agreed upon start date will be included in the grant agreement. If the signature of the grant agreement occurs after the agreed upon start date, the date of the signature of the grant agreement takes precedence The DRHC can then sign the grant agreement.

11. Upon signature by the DRHC, the HFU notifies the partner that the project has been approved, and sends the agreement for counter signature. Once the partner has countersigned, the agreement will be sent to OCHA FCS Finance Unit in New York for the final signature. Eligibility of expenditures will be determined by the date of implementing partner’s signature of the grant agreement.

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VII. Timeline

Phase Step What Who Key Date

Applications for the Capacity Capacity 1 INGO, NNGO 8 June

Assessment Assessments Deadline for Capacity Assessment Capacity 2 INGO, NNGO 8 July 2016

Applications Assessments Development of the Draft Cluster 3 Cluster Priorities CC, OCHA by 18 July Priorities

Development of the Draft Allocation Draft Allocation 4 OCHA by 22 July Paper paper Cluster feedback on Draft Allocation Draft Allocation 5 CC, OCHA by 29 July Paper paper

PREPARATION Draft Allocation Advisory 6 Feedback from Advisory Board by 14 August paper Board AB Meeting / 6 Advisory Board Meeting DRHC, AB 16 August TBC Allocation paper

Launch Allocation paper – Call for DRCH, 7 19 August Allocation paper Proposals OCHA

19 August to 8 Proposal Development Phase PP Preparation IPs 11 September Deadline for submission of Project Proposal 11 September 2016 9 IPs

PROPOSAL DEVELOPMENT Proposals Preparation COB

Full project TRCs and by 21 September 10 Strategic Review

proposals OCHA 2016 Proposal review 12 1st Technical and Financial Review TRCs, OCHA by 26 September feedback to IP Partner Proposal Revision and IPs address TR 13 IPs by 29 September Adjustments comments Revised Project 14 2nd Technical & Financial Review TRCs, OCHA by 7 October REVIEW PROCESS Proposals TRC & OCHA 15 Final check TRCs, OCHA by 14 October Approval GA prepared Start

16 Grant Agreement (GA) preparation date agreed with OCHA by 17 October IP Signature of GA 17 DRHC signs GA / Final approval DRHC by 18 October collected

Collect GA 18 GA countersignature IPs by 19 October

APPROVAL PHASE signature from IP

GA cleared and 19 GA final clearance OCHA by 21 October signed

Payment request 17 First disbursement OCHA 24-27 October processed

DISBURSM ENT

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VIII. Contacts and Feedback Interested organizations should liaise with the respective sectors to ensure their proposed intervention is aligned to the Response Plan priorities and is properly coordinated with other stakeholders.

All correspondence should be copied to OCHA Humanitarian Financing Unit (HFU) ([email protected]). This email address is also available to receive feedback from stakeholders who believe they have been treated incorrectly or unfairly during any part of the HF process. OCHA will compile, review, address and –if necessary- raise the issues with the DRHC, who will then take a decision on necessary action.

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