Control of Opioid Analgesia and Tolerance by Sigma-1 Receptors

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Control of Opioid Analgesia and Tolerance by Sigma-1 Receptors UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO EN BIOMEDICINA Control of opioid analgesia and tolerance by sigma-1 receptors: Studies on nociceptive and inflammatory joint pain Tesis doctoral presentada por ÁNGELES MONTILLA GARCÍA Licenciada en Biología, para optar al grado de DOCTOR CON MENCIÓN INTERNACIONAL Editor: Universidad de Granada. Tesis Doctorales Autor: Ángeles Montilla García ISBN: 978-84-9163-960-2 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/52761 UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Farmacología e Instituto de Neurociencias Directores: ENRIQUE JOSÉ COBOS DEL MORAL JOSÉ MANUEL BAEYENS CABRERA COMPROMISO DE RESPETO DE LOS DERECHOS DEL AUTOR La doctoranda Ángeles Montilla García y los directores de la tesis Enrique José Cobos del Moral y José Manuel Baeyens Cabrera: Garantizamos, al firmar esta tesis doctoral, que el trabajo ha sido realizado por la doctoranda bajo la dirección de los directores de la tesis y hasta donde nuestro conocimiento alcanza, en la realización del trabajo, se han respetado los derechos de otros autores a ser citados, cuando se han utilizado sus resultados o publicaciones. Granada 2 de Julio de 2018 Director/es de la Tesis Doctoranda Enrique José Cobos del Moral Ángeles Montilla García José Manuel Baeyens Cabrera D. ENRIQUE JOSÉ COBOS DEL MORAL, PROFESOR CONTRATADO DOCTOR DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE FARMACOLOGÍA E INVESTIGADOR DEL INSTITUTO DE NEUROCIENCIAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA CERTIFICA: Que el trabajo de investigación titulado, “CONTROL OF OPIOID ANALGESIA AND TOLERANCE BY SIGMA-1 RECEPTORS: STUDIES ON NOCICEPTIVE AND INFLAMMATORY JOINT PAIN” ha sido realizado por Dña. Ángeles Montilla García para optar al grado de Doctor por la Universidad de Granada, en el Instituto de Neurociencias y el Departamento de Farmacología de la Universidad de Granada, bajo mi dirección. Y para que conste donde proceda se firma este certificado en Granada a 2 de Julio de 2018 Fdo. Enrique José Cobos del Moral Fdo. Ángeles Montilla García D. JOSÉ MANUEL BAEYENS CABRERA, CATEDRÁTICO DE FARMACOLOGÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA E INVESTIGADOR DEL INSTITUTO DE NEUROCIENCIAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA CERTIFICA: Que el trabajo de investigación titulado, “CONTROL OF OPIOID ANALGESIA AND TOLERANCE BY SIGMA-1 RECEPTORS: STUDIES ON NOCICEPTIVE AND INFLAMMATORY JOINT PAIN” ha sido realizado por Dña. Ángeles Montilla García para optar al grado de Doctor por la Universidad de Granada, en el Instituto de Neurociencias y el Departamento de Farmacología de la Universidad de Granada, bajo mi dirección. Y para que conste donde proceda se firma este certificado en Granada a 2 de Julio de 2018 Fdo. José Manuel Baeyens Cabrera Fdo. Ángeles Montilla García La realización de esta tesis ha sido posible gracias a la financiación de nuestro grupo de investigación por la Junta de Andalucia (grupo CTS-109), por el CEI BioTic Granada, por fondos FEDER, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (proyectos SAF2013-47481P y SAF2016-80540-R), y Laboratorios Esteve. A Rafa “¡Y qué buena es la tierra de mi huerto!: hace un olor a madre que enamora, mientras la azada mía el aire dora y el regazo le deja pechiabierto” Miguel Hernández Agradecimientos El amor a la naturaleza es también amor al hombre que se integra en ella; pero no es el único sentimiento que comparten ambos mundos. La gratitud es otro. Amor en la labranza y gratitud por los resultados son precisos para que el huerto nos ofrezca sus mejores frutos. Y son ambas emociones las que siento al pensar en la multitud de personas que habéis contribuido de una u otra forma, a que concluya esta tesis con un grito de entusiasmo y satisfacción. El primer reconocimiento es a la labor de mis directores, Kike y José Manuel. Sois los más prestigiosos jardineros que este huerto podría haber tenido. Habéis puesto las guías para que el tallo no se tuerza, abonado cuando era menester y eliminado las hojas secas que entorpecían el crecimiento. Quehaceres que habéis desempeñado con cariño, entrega y el conocimiento, lo que os agradezco profundamente. A Kike, gracias por darme la oportunidad de poder realizar esta tesis. Todo empezó aquel día, paseando por el aparcamiento de la antigua facultad, rodeados de flores de azahar, sin apenas conocernos. Desde entonces, has contado conmigo para todo lo posible, siempre encauzando las aguas del arroyo para que no se pierda ni una gota. Por tus consejos, tu tiempo, palabras de apoyo, incluso cuando más perdida he andado. Has guiado este trabajo de una forma impecable, inteligente como el que más. Has sido y serás siempre el mejor jardinero que podría haber tenido. Me siento afortunada y más que agradecida. A José Manuel, gracias por acogerme en el mejor grupo del mundo. Eres nuestro padre científico; constante como el que más, detalloso, sabio, cercano y amable. Qué decir que no se sepa. Gracias por cuidar con esmero cada paso, por confiar y ayudarme en tantas ocasiones, tanto profesional como personalmente. Por tu paciencia. Por demostrarnos cada día que la pasión y los pequeños detalles son los que hacen grandes diferencias. Por enseñarme tanto y ser un ejemplo a seguir para todos los que te rodeamos y admiramos. A Inma y Mari Carmen, por ser tan maravillosas conmigo. Porque sois las preciosas mariposas del huerto; gracias por vuestras espléndidas alas, capaces de cubrirme en el día más lluvioso. A Migue y Gloria, porque esta tesis sin vosotros no hubiera sido posible. Por el tiempo que me habéis dedicado. Por ayudarme tanto en el laboratorio como fuera de él y siempre con una sonrisa. Gracias por esos incontables momentos junto a mí. Gracias a Paco por resolver mis dudas y tenderme tu mano en innumerables ocasiones. A Paqui, por ser el árbol del amor del jardín. Por ser tan bondadosa. Gracias por escucharme, darme cobijo y tu cariño en infinidad de ocasiones. Al Instituto de Neurociencias, en particular a Entrena, Bea, Cruzmi, Paco, Milagros, y especialmente a Juanmi, con quienes he compartido tanto. Os agradezco aquellos agradables ratos que me habéis hecho pasar. A Antonio Tirado, Cristina, Lucía, Toñi y Luis, por compartir cantidad de inquietudes conmigo y junto a los que he convivido todos estos años en el laboratorio. A Esperanza del Pozo, Jesús Torres, Rosa Montes, Ferrer, Ahmad y Agatángelo, por haber sido excelentes profesores de posgrado y compañeros. A David Rincón, Raquel Durán, Pilar, Galindo, Sara, Laura Boyero, Geraldine, Lucía, Mahmoud, Ruth, Ehab y Cecilia, por vuestro cariño y por haber hecho más ameno el día a día en la facultad. A Eduardo y Javier, por transmitirme conocimientos histológicos y enriquecer con vuestra experiencia nuestro trabajo. A Paco Alba, Araceli y, en especial, a Antonio Torres, por enseñarme tanto. A Antonio García, Iago, Sara, María, Fernando... y esa larga lista de investigadores que he conocido en congresos, por mostrarme la ciencia desde otra perspectiva. A Esteve y su magnífico equipo científico, ya que sin vosotros este trabajo no podría haber cumplido todos los objetivos marcados. A Patri, Carlos, Cris, Rodri, Miri, Sergio, Isa, Javi, Lupa, María, Tati y Tomás. Ese maravilloso grupo de “bostoñoles” que lograsteis cargar mi estancia predoctoral de momentos míticos. A mi grupo “amiguitos”, Isa, Antonio, Olivas, Jose, Pepico, Noe, Jose Antonio, Natalia, Álex, Migue, Jose León, Juan y Mari, porque sois para mí las flores preciosas que dan color al día más oscuro. Gracias por ayudarme a levantarme en cada tropiezo y por animarme en tantas ocasiones. Por arroparme y hacerme sentir genial a vuestro lado o lejos de él. Sé que seguiremos reuniéndonos siempre, porque la distancia no impide que en los huertos más amplios las flores sean lo más bonito y resplandeciente. A mis amigos de la infancia, Manme, Nuria, Patri, Encarni, Ana, Samu y Eli. A mi amiga Ele, así como a Sergio, Tere, Kiki y los motrileños. Por supuesto a mi prima Maricella, en nombre de decenas de primos y titos fascinantes. Porque sois los pajaritos del jardín, me ayudáis a volar con vuestros tiernos y mágicos aleteos, con vuestros encantadores trinos. Gracias por quererme, acompañarme y escucharme, por compartir conmigo tanto. A mis padres, Ángeles y José Luis, por inculcarme desde siempre la importancia del conocimiento y del trabajo bien hecho, la pasión por las ciencias y el valor de la cultura. Por enseñarme tanto, por darme todo lo que he necesitado y querido. Gracias por cuidarme como nadie, por caer como agua del cielo para darme tanta fuerza en esta última etapa. Por compartir mis inquietudes e intentar tranquilizarme una vez tras otra. Os debo todo lo que he conseguido, porque sin vosotros hubiera sido imposible. A mis hermanos, Margarita y José Luis, sois mi alegría. Por vuestra confianza y todo aquello que compartimos. Por ser mis confidentes. Gracias por esta piña de la que formamos parte y de la que me siento tan orgullosa. Por ser ejemplo de esfuerzo y constancia. Debo confesaros que aunque sea la mayor siempre me he sentido diminuta a vuestro lado, ¡qué grandes sois! A mis abuelos, por vosotros empecé a escribir estos agradecimientos. A mi abuela Petro, mi ejemplo a seguir como mujer. Valiente, optimista, trabajadora como la que más. Gracias por tus sabios consejos, refranes mil, tu apoyo incondicional, fundamental para mí. Y a mi abuelo Antonio, que entre tanto, me inculcaste tu pasión por la música. Aún escucho la canción -he lives in you- y siento que a pesar de estar en otra vega (como tú dirías), nos has dejado una buena parte de ti. Gracias por mantenerme con los pies en el suelo, como buenas raíces que sois. A Marisa, Tato, Manuel y Juan Antonio. Por ser el aire que respiro infinidad de veces. Si me he sentido ahogada, me habéis aportado oxígeno con vuestras ráfagas de amor y mimos.
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