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Darkhan Wastewater Management Project

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Darkhan Wastewater Management Project Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 37697-025 September 2014 Mongolia: Darkhan Wastewater Management Project Prepared by the Consultant Team comprised of Dr. James Arthur, Mr. Chuluun Chinzorig, Mr. Davaasuren Chuluunbat, Mr. Nelson Jose, Ms. Dorjnyamjav Purevsuren, Mr. Chimedkhorol Tseren, and Ms. Rachel Wildblood For the Ministry of Construction and Urban Development, Darkhan-uul aimag government, and Darkhan Us Suvag This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Wastewater Management for Darkhan – Project Preparation L2301-MON: Urban Sector Development Project (Additional Financing) MON: WFMFDC00100 Ministry of Construction & Urban Development; Darkhan Us Suvag Final Report – Appendices (Vol. 2) September 2014 Initial Environmental Examination (Draft) Project Number: WFPFDC00100 September 2013 L2301-MON: Urban Sector Development Project (Additional Financing): Wastewater Management for Darkhan, Mongolia Prepared by Ministry of Construction and Urban Development for the Asian Development Bank. This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed hОrОin Нo not nОcОssarily rОprОsОnt thosО of ADB’s BoarН of DirОctors, ManagОmОnt, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 07 October 2013) Currency unit – Mongolian Tughrik (MNT) MNT1.00 = $0.0006 $1.00 = MNT1,625 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AP – Affected Person BOD – Biological Oxygen Demand EA – Executing Agency EHSO – Environmental Health and Safety Officer EMP – Environmental Management Plan EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment ESS – Environmental and Social Specialist GHG – Greenhouse Gas GOM – Government of Mongolia GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism HSMP – Health and Safety Management Plan IEE – Initial Environmental Examination IFAS – Integrated Fixed-film Activated Sludge IWRMP – Integrated Water Resource Management Plan MEGD – Ministry of Environment And Green Development MCUD – Ministry of Construction and Urban Development MNS – Mongolian National Standard MoMo – Integrated Water Resources Management for Central Asia: Model Region Mongolia NGO – Non-Governmental Organization NO2 – Nitrogen Dioxide PCB – Polychlorinated Biphenyl PCU – Public Complaints Unit PIU – Project Implementation Unit PM – Particulate Matter PMU – Project Management Unit POP – Persistent Organic Pollutants PPE – Personal Protective Equipment PSC – Project Steering Committee RCAG – Research Center of Astronomy and Geophysics of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences SE – Supervising Engineer SOx – Sulphur Oxides SO2 – Sulphur Dioxide SPS – ADB Safeguard Policy Statement UNEP – United Nations Environment Program UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change WCS – World Conservation Society WFPF – Water Financing Partnership Facility WHO – World Health Organisation WWF – World Wildlife Fund WEIGHTS AND MEASURES oC – degree celsius dB – Decibel km – kilometer KWh Kilowatt hour LAeq – EquivalОnt Continuous LОvОl ‘A wОighting’ - ‘A’- weighting = correction by factors that weight sound to correlate with the sensitivity of the human ear to sounds at different frequencies m – Meter NOTES In thО rОport, “$” rОfОrs to US Нollars; aimag - provincial country Нivision; soum – sub-Нistrict Нivision; bagh – sub-Нivision of soum; hashaa - inНiviНual's plot of lanН; ger - traНitional Mongolian fОlt НwОlling In prОparing any country program or stratОgy, financing any projОct, or by making any НОsignation of or rОfОrОncО to a particular tОrritory or gОographic arОa in this НocumОnt, thО Asian DОvОlopmОnt Bank НoОs not intОnН to makО any juНgmОnts as to thО lОgal or othОr status of any tОrritory or arОa. CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................... 1 A. INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE .................................................................................... 1 B. ADB AND DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENTAL DUE DILIGENCE ................................................ 2 C. KEY FINDINGS - BASELINE CONDITIONS ....................................................................... 2 D. KEY FINDINGS - IMPACTS AND MITIGATION ................................................................... 7 E. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 10 II. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 11 A. BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................... 11 B. INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE .................................................................................. 11 C. ADB AND DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENTAL DUE DILIGENCE .............................................. 12 D. STRUCTURE OF THIS REPORT ................................................................................... 12 III. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .................................... 14 A. MONGOLIA’S ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ...................................................................... 14 B. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REQUIREMENTS ............................................ 15 C. ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS ..................................................................................... 2 D. CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY........................................................................................... 3 E. SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS ................................................................................... 4 F. MONGOLIA’S OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS ................................... 4 G. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLANNING ........................................... 5 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................... 6 A. JUSTIFICATION AND RATIONALE ................................................................................... 6 B. PROJECT COMPONENTS AND SUBCOMPONENTS .......................................................... 8 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT .............................................................. 19 A. PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE .................................................................................. 19 B. GEOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY ............................................................... 20 C. METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE ................................................................................... 23 D. HYDROLOGY, SURFACE WATER QUALITY................................................................... 26 E. LAND USE ................................................................................................................ 29 F. AIR QUALITY ............................................................................................................ 32 G. NOISE ..................................................................................................................... 34 H. CLIMATE CHANGE .................................................................................................... 35 I. NATURAL DISASTERS ............................................................................................... 36 J. PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................................ 39 K. ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES ........................................................................................ 40 L. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ................................................................................ 42 VI. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 44 A. NO ACTION ALTERNATIVE ......................................................................................... 44 B. LOCATION ALTERNATIVES ......................................................................................... 44 C. DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATIVES ................................................................ 44 VII. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................................... 47 A. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SCREENING ....................................................................... 47 B. POSITIVE IMPACT AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ..................................................... 52 C. IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH PROJECT LOCATION, PLANNING AND DESIGN ................... 52 D. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION .......... 54 E. CUMULATIVE, INDUCED AND INDIRECT IMPACTS - CONSTRUCTION ............................... 61 F. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES DURING OPERATION ................. 61 G. CUMULATIVE, INDUCED AND INDIRECT IMPACTS - OPERATION ..................................... 63 VIII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ........................ 64 A. CONSULTATIONS DURING PROJECT PREPARATION ..................................................... 64 B. INTEGRATION OF CONSULTATION INFORMATION ......................................................... 68 C. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE....................................................................................... 68 IX. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ................................................................. 69 A. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM
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