FAULTLINES the K.P.S
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Les Nouvelles D'afghanistan
Trente-troisième année N°139 Décembre 2012 (4ème trimestre) 6 Euros Les Nouvelles d’AFGHANISTAN spécial ISSN 0249-0072 ISSN Afghanistan-Pakistan Editorial Les Nouvelles d’Afghanistan SOMMAIRE N°139 Afghanistan et Pakistan deux destins indissociables d’une histoire commune Dépasser les malentendus par Pierre LAFRANCE 3 Pourquoi tant d’acharnement ? par Zia FARHANG 12 On sait qu’une des clefs du problème afghan se trouve au Pakistan. Nous Les ambitions du Pakistan en Afghanistan avons donc décidé d’ouvrir dans ce numéro le dossier des relations entre le par Homayoun Chah ASSEFY 15 Pakistan et l’Afghanistan. Dossier bien délicat. Pierre Lafrance montre dans son étude approfondie de la préhistoire de ces relations, combien les siècles La Ligne Durand par Léa MÉRILLON 18 ont fait bouger les peuples et les dynasties, au point que Pakistan et Afghanis- tan sont héritiers d’une histoire commune, tout en se disputant une partie de Survol des relations économiques cet héritage. Ah qu’il est difficile d’être frères sur des terres si voisines ! afghano-pakistanaises Notre dossier n’épuise pas le sujet. Bien d’autres aspects auraient pu être par Daood MOOSA 20 étudiés : par exemple les relations entre tribus pachtouns des deux côtés de la Les relations indo-pakistanaises frontière. Certes, la ligne Durand est le fait d’un arbitraire colonial. Mais il serait et l’Afghanistan intéressant d’étudier s’il y a des différences entre les Pachtouns d’Afghanistan par Olivier BLAREL 23 et ceux qu’on appelle Pathans côté pakistanais. Nous pourrons compléter ce dossier dans nos numéros à venir. -
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Pakistan’s ‘Mainstreaming’ Jihadis Vinay Kaura, Aparna Pande The emergence of the religious right-wing as a formidable political force in Pakistan seems to be an outcome of direct and indirect patron- age of the dominant military over the years. Ever since the creation of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in 1947, the military establishment has formed a quasi alliance with the conservative religious elements who define a strongly Islamic identity for the country. The alliance has provided Islamism with regional perspectives and encouraged it to exploit the concept of jihad. This trend found its most obvious man- ifestation through the Afghan War. Due to the centrality of Islam in Pakistan’s national identity, secular leaders and groups find it extreme- ly difficult to create a national consensus against groups that describe themselves as soldiers of Islam. Using two case studies, the article ar- gues that political survival of both the military and the radical Islamist parties is based on their tacit understanding. It contends that without de-radicalisation of jihadis, the efforts to ‘mainstream’ them through the electoral process have huge implications for Pakistan’s political sys- tem as well as for prospects of regional peace. Keywords: Islamist, Jihadist, Red Mosque, Taliban, blasphemy, ISI, TLP, Musharraf, Afghanistan Introduction In the last two decades, the relationship between the Islamic faith and political power has emerged as an interesting field of political anal- ysis. Particularly after the revival of the Taliban and the rise of ISIS, Author. Article. Central European Journal of International and Security Studies 14, no. 4: 51–73. -
Conflict and Peace in India's Northeast: the Role of Civil Society
42 About this Issue Previous Publications: Policy Studies 42 Policy Studies Policy This monograph examines the role of civil Policy Studies 41 society groups in peace building in three con- Muslim Perspectives on the Sri Lankan flict regions in India’s Northeast—Assam, Conflict Naga Hills/Nagaland, and Mizo Hills/Mizoram. Dennis B. McGilvray, University of Colorado These political conflicts are complex with each at Boulder conflict representing a cacophony of compet- Mirak Raheem, Centre for Policy Alternatives, ing, often zero-sum demands. Colombo In investigating the role of civil society Policy Studies 40 groups, the study distinguishes between “offi- Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Northeast in India’s Conflict and Peace cial” (between the Government of India and Ideology: Implications for Politics and certain insurgent organizations) and “unoffi- Conflict Resolution in Sri Lanka cial” peace processes at the local level that Neil DeVotta, Hartwick College makes coexistence of diverse communities Policy Studies 39 Conflict and Peace possible despite the continuing violence. Assessing Burma’s Ceasefire Accords These two processes reflect very different Zaw Oo, American University ways of addressing conflict and defining the Win Min, Independent Researcher, Thailand in India’s Northeast: role of civil society groups in peace building. In the official peace process, the role of Policy Studies 38 civil society groups is to bring warring parties The United Wa State Party: to the negotiating table, set forth potentially Narco-Army or Ethnic Nationalist Party? The Role of Civil Society agreeable ceasefire terms, and suggest possible Tom Kramer, Transnational Institute, Amsterdam settlements. The emphasis is on finding solu- tions at the macro level in the belief that set- Policy Studies 37 Samir Kumar Das tlement will also lead to resolution of micro The Islamist Threat in Southeast Asia: level problems. -
The Cooperation Between China and Afghanistan Under the “Belt and Road Initiative”
International Relations and Diplomacy, June 2018, Vol. 6, No. 6, 359-368 doi: 10.17265/2328-2134/2018.06.005 DDAVID PUBLISHING The Cooperation Between China and Afghanistan Under the “Belt and Road Initiative” YAN Wei Northwest University, Shaanxi, China Afghanistan is a neighboring country to China. The Afghanistan issue has had an important impact on China’s national security. Since the establishment of the new Afghan government in 2001, China has been committed to promoting Afghanistan’s economic, social, and security reconstruction, and has invested heavily resources in Afghanistan’s reconstruction. The main cause of the Afghan problem is that the Afghan government lacked enough resources and can only rely on the foreign powers’ aids. Afghanistan eventually loses its independence, and triggers interference in big powers. At present, Afghanistan still has not escaped this predicament. Near 50% of the Afghan government’s revenue comes from foreign aids. In 2013, the “Belt and Road Initiative” proposed by China provided opportunity for the reconstruction of Afghanistan. Afghanistan, as the crossroads of the land Silk Road and the heart of Asia, has become more prominent in its geopolitical status for “Belt and Road Initiative”. By participating “Belt and Road Initiative”, Afghanistan can help to activate its own economic vitality and promote the cross-border trade. It has changed the situation that Afghanistan is highly dependent on external aids. This helps to solve the problems of reconstruction in Afghanistan. Keywords: China, Afghanistan, Belt and Road Initiative The Rise of Afghan Problem: From the Cross of Silk Road to Buffer State From a geographic perspective, Afghanistan is a crossroads of Asia (Carter, 1989) and the hub of the ancient Silk Road. -
Current Status of Insurgencies in Northeast India
THE INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN Registered under societies registration Act No. XXI of 1860 The Institute of Strategic Studies was founded in 1973. It is a non- profit, autonomous research and analysis centre, designed for promoting an informed public understanding of strategic and related issues, affecting international and regional security. In addition to publishing a quarterly Journal and a monograph series, the ISS organises talks, workshops, seminars and conferences on strategic and allied disciplines and issues. BOARD OF GOVERNORS Chairman Ambassador Khalid Mahmood MEMBERS Dr. Tariq Banuri Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ali Chairman, Higher Education Vice Chancellor Commission, Islamabad Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad Ex-Officio Ex-Officio Foreign Secretary Finance Secretary Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Finance Islamabad Islamabad Ambassador Seema Illahi Baloch Ambassador Mohammad Sadiq Ambassador Aizaz Ahmad Chaudhry Director General Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad (Member and Secretary Board of Governors) Current Status of Insurgencies in Northeast India Muhammad Waqas Sajjad * & Muhammad Adeel Ul Rehman** September 2019 * Muhammad Waqas Sajjad was Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad. ** Muhammad Adeel Ul Rehman was an intern at ISSI from September- November 2017. EDITORIAL TEAM Editor-in-Chief : Ambassador Aizaz Ahmad Chaudhry Director General, ISSI Editor : Najam Rafique Director Research Publication Officer : Azhar Amir Malik Composed and designed by : Syed Muhammad Farhan Title Cover designed by : Sajawal Khan Afridi Published by the Director General on behalf of the Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad. Publication permitted vide Memo No. 1481-77/1181 dated 7-7-1977. ISSN. 1029-0990 Articles and monographs published by the Institute of Strategic Studies can be reproduced or quoted by acknowledging the source. -
China's New Game in India's Northeast
MANTRAYA ANALYSIS#15: 04 JULY 2017 China’s New Game in India’s Northeast - Bibhu Prasad Routray - Abstract Could China be drastically altering its policy with regard to insurgency movements in India’s northeastern region? A series of developments point at that direction. To blunt India’s assertive postures under the BJP-led government, Beijing could be gradually unveiling a grand design to revive the battered insurgencies. Provision of safe houses, supply of weapons, and even playing a more prominent role in directing attacks on security forces could be emerging as Beijing’s instrumentalities to disturb peace in the fragile northeast and checkmate India’s Act East policy. India’s relations with Myanmar that can defeat this Chinese ploy, therefore, assumes greater importance. New Delhi must take notice. (Map of India’s Northeastern States) Every revolutionary has a right to utilise China’s space and armoury in a true spirit of internationalism. – Chairman Mao Zedong In the 1960s and 1970s, insurgents from Nagaland travelled to China for training and also to seek support for their armed struggle.[1]While some of the outfits received training in East Pakistan, till the late 1970s and early 1980s China reportedly provided arms and finances to these outfits. Beijing’s support, however, ended coinciding with the power struggle within the Communist Party. While a minor flow of arms and ammunition did continue from the arms manufacturing units in mainland China to the war chests of various insurgent formations operating in the Northeast, Beijing’s decision to stay clear of the insurgencies in the region continued. -
FAFEN Key Findings and Analysis for 2018 Pakistan Elections
Key Findings and Analysis www.fafen.org 1 Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) FAFEN General Election Observation 2018 Key Findings and Analysis All rights reserved. Any part of this publication may be produced or translated by duly acknowledging the source. TDEA–FAFEN Secretariat Building No. 1, Street 5 (Off Jasmine Road), G-7/2, Islamabad, Pakistan Website: www.fafen.org FAFEN is supported by Trust for Democratic Education and Accountability (TDEA) 2 Free and Fair Election Network - FAFEN Key Findings and Analysis www.fafen.org 3 4 Free and Fair Election Network - FAFEN AAT Allah-o-Akbar Tehreek ANP Awami National Party ARO Assistant Returning Officer ASWJ Ahle Sunnat-Wal-Jamaat BAP Balochistan Awami Party BNP Balochistan National Party CC Constituency Coordinator CERS Computerized Electoral Rolls System CSO Civil Society Organization DC District Coordinator DDC District Development Committee DEC District Election Commissioner DMO District Monitoring Officer DRO District Returning Officer DVEC District Voter Education Committees ECP Election Commission of Pakistan EDO Election Day Observer EIMS Election Information Management System FAFEN Free and Fair Election Network FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas FGD Focus Group Discussion GDA Grand Democratic Alliance GE General Election GIS Geographic Information System ICT Islamabad Capital Territory JI Jamaat-e-Islami JUIF Jamiat Ulama-e-Islam (Fazl) KP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa LEA Law Enforcement Agencies LG Local Government MMA Muttahida Majalis-e-Amal MML Milli Muslim League MQMP Muttahida -
FAULTLINES the K.P.S
FAULTLINES The K.P.S. Gill Journal of Conflict & Resolution Volume 26 FAULTLINES The K.P.S. Gill Journal of Conflict & Resolution Volume 26 edited by AJAI SAHNI Kautilya Books & THE INSTITUTE FOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers. © The Institute for Conflict Management, New Delhi November 2020 ISBN : 978-81-948233-1-5 Price: ` 250 Overseas: US$ 30 Printed by: Kautilya Books 309, Hari Sadan, 20, Ansari Road Daryaganj, New Delhi-110 002 Phone: 011 47534346, +91 99115 54346 Faultlines: the k.p.s. gill journal of conflict & resolution Edited by Ajai Sahni FAULTLINES - THE SERIES FAULTLINES focuses on various sources and aspects of existing and emerging conflict in the Indian subcontinent. Terrorism and low-intensity wars, communal, caste and other sectarian strife, political violence, organised crime, policing, the criminal justice system and human rights constitute the central focus of the Journal. FAULTLINES is published each quarter by the INSTITUTE FOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT. PUBLISHER & EDITOR Dr. Ajai Sahni ASSISTANT EDITOR Dr. Sanchita Bhattacharya EDITORIAL CONSULTANTS Prof. George Jacob Vijendra Singh Jafa Chandan Mitra The views expressed in FAULTLINES are those of the authors, and not necessarily of the INSTITUTE FOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT. FAULTLINES seeks to provide a forum for the widest possible spectrum of research and opinion on South Asian conflicts. Contents Foreword i 1. Digitised Hate: Online Radicalisation in Pakistan & Afghanistan: Implications for India 1 ─ Peter Chalk 2. -
Produced by the Human Security Centre Lead Author
1 Human Security Centre – Written evidence (AFG0019) Produced by the Human Security Centre Lead Author: Simon Schofield, Senior Fellow, In consultation with Rohullah Yakobi, Associate Fellow 2 1 Table of Contents 2. Executive Summary .............................................................................5 3. What is the Human Security Centre?.....................................................10 4. Geopolitics and National Interests and Agendas......................................11 Islamic Republic of Pakistan ...................................................................11 Historical Context...............................................................................11 Pakistan’s Strategy.............................................................................12 Support for the Taliban .......................................................................13 Afghanistan as a terrorist training camp ................................................16 Role of military aid .............................................................................17 Economic interests .............................................................................19 Conclusion – Pakistan .........................................................................19 Islamic Republic of Iran .........................................................................20 Historical context ...............................................................................20 Iranian Strategy ................................................................................23 -
COMSTECH Contribution to STI Capacity Building, Networking & Policy Initiatives for OIC Member States
COMSTECH Contribution to STI Capacity Building, Networking & Policy Initiatives for OIC Member States Compiled by: M. Qasim Jan Ikram Abbasi Ahmad Waseem Ashraf March 2020 OIC Ministerial Standing Committee on Scientific and Technological Cooperation (COMSTECH) 33-Constitution Avenue, G-5/2, Islamabad, Pakistan Detailed information on the activities of COMSTECH can be obtained by visiting www.comstech.org Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 3 Research Grants Programs 1. COMSTECH-EMRO/WHO Research Grants Program ....................................................... 3 2. COMSTECH-IFS Joint Research Grants Program ........................................................... 15 3. COMSTECH-IFS-INWRDAM Joint Research Grants Program ......................................... 66 4. COMSTECH-ISESCO Joint Research Grants Program ................................................... 73 5. COMSTECH Cooperation Program with TWAS ............................................................... 77 Travel Support Programs 6. Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings ................................................................................... 122 7. Visiting Scientists Programme........................................................................................ 124 8. COMSTECH Travel Grant Programme -
Challenges to INTERNAL SECURITY of India Third Edition About the Authors
Challenges to INTERNAL SECURITY of India Third Edition About the Authors Ashok Kumar has completed his B.Tech, and M Tech. from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi. He joined Indian Police Service (IPS) in 1989 and has served in various challenging assignments in UP and Uttarakhand. He has also served in CRPF and BSF on deputation basis. Presently, he is posted as Director General, Crime, Law & Order, Uttarakhand. Before this assignment , he was Chief of Intelligence & Security, Uttarakhand. He received the UN Medal for serving in strife-torn Kosovo in 2001. He was awarded the Indian Police Medal for Meritorious Services in 2006 and President’s Police Medal for Distinguished Services in 2013. He has authored a path-breaking book titled ‘Human in Khaki’, which received GB Pant Award from Bureau of Police Research & Development (BPR&D), MHA. Recently, he has authored two more books, ‘Cracking Civil Services -The Open Secret’ and ‘Ethics for Civil Services’. Vipul Anekant has completed his B.Tech, from Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT), Jaipur. He was a student of Tata Institute at Social Sciences (TISS), Mumbai. He joined DANIPS in 2012. Presently, he is posted as Sub-Divisional Police Officer, Khanvel, Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli. Challenges to INTERNAL SECURITY of India Third Edition Ashok Kumar, IPS DG Crime, Law & Order, Uttarakhand Vipul, DANIPS SDPO, Dadra & Nagar Haveli McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited Published by McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited 444/1, Sri Ekambara Naicker Industrial Estate, Alapakkam, Porur, Chennai - 600 116 Challenges to Internal Security of India, 3e Copyright © 2019 by McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited. -
Insights April 2018 Daily Quiz
INSIGHTSIAS SIMPLIFYING IAS EXAM PREPARATION - I A S S E L F S T U D Y G U I D E - DAILY QUIZ APRIL 2018 © INSIGHTS ACTIVE LEARNING www.insightsias.com | www.insightsonindia.com www.insightsias.com www.insightsonindia.com TABLE OF CONTENTS SL. PAGE TOPIC NO. NO. I. ECONOMY ......................................................................... 2 II. ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT ........................................... 10 III. GOVERNMENT SCHEMES AND PROGRAMMES ............... 24 IV. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY .......................................... 37 V. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS ....... 49 VI. POLITY .......................................................................... 59 VII. HISTORY & ART AND CULTURE ..................................... 72 VIII. STATES ........................................................................ 77 IX. Miscellaneous ............................................................... 81 1 www.insightsias.com www.insightsonindia.com I. ECONOMY 1. The “reverse-charge mechanism” under the GST regime refers to a mechanism under which a) The buyer will have to pay the penalty if an e-way bill is not generated by the transporter b) Entities not opting for the GST Composition Scheme will have to compensate the resulting shortfall in revenue for the government c) Large businesses would need to pay tax on behalf of unregistered small suppliers d) None of the above Solution: c. What is Reverse Charge? Normally, the supplier of goods or services pays the tax on supply. In the case of Reverse Charge,