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The Raid on Gaborone, June 14, 1985: A memorial http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.BOTHISP104 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org The Raid on Gaborone, June 14, 1985: A memorial Author/Creator Nyelele, Libero; Drake, Ellen Publisher Libero Nyelele and Ellen Drake Date 1985-14-06 Resource type Pamphlets Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Botswana Coverage (temporal) 1985-1986 Source Northwestern University Libraries, 968.1103.N994r Description Table of Contents: The Raid; The Victims: the Dead; The Injured; Property Damage; Epilogue; Poem: Explosion of Fire; Lithograph: the Day After; Post Script Format extent 40 (length/size) http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.BOTHISP104 http://www.aluka.org 6g 6g M, I THE RA ON GABORONE: JUNE 14 l.985 by Libero Nyelele and Ellen Drake n 0**. , b t, t 0 0 -.#. e THE RAID ON GABORONE: JUNE 14, 1985 A Memorial/ by Libero Nyelele and Ellen Drake Published in Gaborone, Botswana, June 14, 1986, by the authors. Acknowledgements: We would like to acknowledge, with thanks, the many organizations and individuals who contributed to the publication of this book. Proceeds from the sale of the books will go to pay the costs of publication; profits, if any, will go to the June 14th Rebuilding Fund, to be used to aid victims of South African aggression against Botswana. CONTENTS The Raid. The Victims: The Dead. The Injured. Property Damage. Epilogue. Poem: Explosion of Fire. Lithograph: Post Script. The Day After. THE RAID ON GABORONE: JUNE 14, 1985 1985 was not a good year for Gaborone. One could say it was the year the small, southern African capital lost its innocence. Until recently, the most notable thing about Gaborone was its phenomenal growth rate. It is said to be the fastest-growing capital in Africa, and possibly in the world. From a population of 3,855 in 1964, two years before Botswana's independence, to an estimated 70,000 in 1985, the small dusty country village burgeoned and sprawled into what was well on its way to being a metropolis. New businesses popped up weekly, housing complexes appeared almost over night, and the once empty streets and shopping malls filled with people. "Development" was what Gaborone was all about, and even with the drop in diamond prices, and drought and foot and mouth disease affecting the livestock industry, most people in" the capital were primarily interested in getting a share of its prosperity. Business thrived, and the country's stable, multi-party democracy was an international show-piece. When the South African army raided Maseru, Lesotho, in 1983, killing more than forty people, there were some fears that Botswana might be the next target. But others believed it unlikely, and one man said, "Botswana is the darling of the international community. The South Africans would not risk angering the rest of the world by launching an attack on Botswana." But Pretoria, either insensitive to world opinion, or disregarding it for reasons known to itself, ignored the international outcry and three times during 1985 attacked targets in Gaborone.* *A fourth bomb blast that occurred in the village of Mochudi, 44 km. north of Gaborone, killed four people and injured two on Saturday, November 16. No one claimed responsibility for the blast. The dead were Mr Ramontsho Ralefala, aged 32; Miss Charity Mokoko, aged 21; Mmilo Molotsi, aged 6; Tumelo Molotsi, aged 1. The first instance happened on February 13, when a bomb destroyed the home of South African refugees living in the Jinja section (a suburb) of Gaborone. Refugee Nat Serache had noticed a number of South African registered vehicles in town, however, and he anticipated trouble. South African refugees can never afford to relax. Mr Serache sent his wife and children to stay with friends while he himself remained alert and watchful in their house in Jinja. When the raiders came to his house, he slipped out the back door and narrowly escaped death when his home was reduced to rubble by a bomb. Not so fortunate was Nathan Moagi Moeketsi, who lost his life in a singularly gruesome fashion around ten o'clock in the morning on May 14. The Botswana DAILY NEWS, a tabloid published by the Botswana government, reported that he "was torn to pieces together with his car by a powerful bomb blast .... In what eye-witnesses described as the most horried" (sic) "spectacle seen in this capital for many years, the man's body was blown into pieces, while shrapnel from the ill-fated sedan were sent flying in all directions." He was 29 years old, and had married another South African exile only six months before his death. His young bride was in their flat when her husband met his death. She will have, for the rest of her life, the memory of kissing her husband goodbye as he left the flat to go to town, and seconds later, hearing and feeling the explosion which blew him to fragments. Still, Gaborone residents thought these were isolated incidents, attempts by Pretoria to eliminate specific individuals whom they suspected of actively plotting against the apartheid system. The raid of June 14 shattered that illusion, and along with it, the peace and security of Gaborone. THE BOTSWANA GUARDIAN, a bi-weekly private newspaper, reported on June 19: "'The hell started at about half past one on the morning of Friday the fourteenth of June. Some time earlier, a convoy of twelve white Datsun E20 kombis and six Ford Cortina vans had rumbled across the border, somewhere in the region of the Tlokweng gate. Behind them, it is rumoured, waited a back-up force of tanks and armoured vehicles in case the operation should run into trouble ...." "At the Tlokweng circle, the vehicles split up. Each had its target; a so-called 'terrorist base.' Oncoming traffic was met with loudhailer shouts of "Gaan terug'" (turn back, in Afrikaans) reinforced by threats to open fire on those drivers who disobeyed. Parts of the road were seeded with thousands of pyramid-shaped twists of wire designed to shred tyres. Then the killers got down to business." (THE BOTSWANA GUARDIAN, Wednesday, 19 June 1985, article by Gwen A nsell). The same newspaper showed a map of Gaborone, with the targets marked on it: "1. Behind Tuyli Court. Nkulu Motsweni, killed; Elena Motsweni, injured. Busiziew (10) injured. 2. & 3. Tsholofelo and Tshweneng. George and Lindiwe Phahle, killed. Joseph Malaza, killed; Basi Amos Zondi, killed. 4. Maru-a-Pula: Duke Machobane, killed; Peter 'Pat' Mofoka (6), killed. 5. Extension 10. Michael Hamlyn, killed; Ahmed Mohammed Gheer, killed; Roeli Gheer, injured. 6. Bontleng. House flattened. 7. Village. Kelape Kesupile (19) and Eugenia Kobole, killed. 8. Madirelo. Solidarity News Service, offices wrecked. 9. & 10. Tlokweng. One house wrecked. Thamsanqa Mnyele, killed; Moitse Botshelo, injured; 'Prince,' injured." (THE BOTSWANA GUARDIAN, 19 June 1985.) Meanwhile, South African Foreign Minister Pik Botha stated that "The South African Security Forces had no alternative but to protect South Africa and its people from the increasing number of terrorist attacks emanating from Botswana .... " (Quoted in THE STAR, June 14, 1985, p. 3A) Chief of Staff of the SADF, General Constand Viljoen, said that the targets were ten African National Congress hideaways where the inhabitants formed the "control centre of the ANC's Transvaal sabotage organisation." (Ibid., p 1). Not all, even among white South Africans, saw the situation that way. In: an editorial in the same newspaper, Barry Jammy, chairman of the Witwatersrand region of the Lawyers for Human Rights, commented that within South Africa a day when there is not any unrest or violence is more note-worthy than the fact that the struggle has been going on for decades. And another man, in a letter to the editor (THE STAR, June 25, 1985) said: "Botswana is a country I have grown extemely fond of through my frequent business visits there. "In a turbulent continent it has long been a model of peace and non-racial democracy. "'That the SADF should have blasted its way through Gaborone, wounding and killing as many Batswana (and Dutch) civilians and children as it killed ANC supporters, I find, well, just horrible. "'As it is a small town, there are not many secrets in Gaborone (population 70,000). I find it difficult to believe that a hand-grenade training school existed in one of its backyards. "Nor am I convinced that the Botswana government, which has shown such prudence in our troubled subcontinent, would have turned a blind eye to such activities. "I do note that the justification for the raid came from the same SADF that has frequently lied about its affairs - the recent Angolan 'withdrawal' and Cabinda incident being the latest example.
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  • A Survey of Water Loss in Ramotswa, Botswana

    A Survey of Water Loss in Ramotswa, Botswana

    A SURVEY OF WATER LOSSES THE CASE OF THE RAMOTSWA VILLAGE IN BOTSWANA Ezekiel Kholoma August 2011 TRITA-LWR Degree Project 11:37 ISSN 1651-064X LWR-EX-11-37 Ezekiel Kholoma TRITA LWR Degree Project 11:37 © Ezekiel Kholoma 2011 Masters level Degree Project Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 STOCKHOLM, Sweden Reference should be written as: Kholoma, E (2011) “A Survey of Water Losses – The Case of The Ramotswa Village in Botswana” TRITA LWR Degree Project 11:37 ii A survey of water losses – The case of the Ramotswa village in Botswana SAMMANFATTNING (SUMMARY IN SWEDISH) Vattenrelaterade problem i större befolkningscentra i Botswana fortsätter oavbrutet att växa. Problemen kan hänföras till snabbt växande vattenbehov, minskade vattentillgångar, söderfallande infrastruktur och vattenförluster. Flera rapporter visar att p.g.a. det växande problemet att förse alla med dricksvatten har vattenansvariga satsat mest på öka tillgångarna och mindre på att spara och skydda vattenresurserna. Den senaste ombyggnaden av Dikgathlongreservoaren är ett sådant exempel. Emellertid förloras en stor del av vattnet under distributionen inom många områden. De högsta förlusterna har rapporterats från Ramotswa. Den här studien gjordes för att undersöka faktor och orsaker till vattenförluster i Ramotswa med syftet att förbättra distributionssystemets effektivitet och spara på vatten. Data från undersökningen erhölls ur tidigare rapporter, fältinventeringar och genom intervjuer. Läckage från huvudvattenledning, serviceledningar, reservoarer och ventiler, ej registrerad konsumtion och stölder befanns vara de viktigaste orsakerna till förlusterna. Vattenverkets åtgärder för läckagekontroll var ineffektiva p.g.a. en alltför passiva ansats till att försöka finna och minska på läckagen.