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Jones (Stephen) Oklahoma City Bombing Archive, 1798 – 2003 (Bulk 1995 – 1997)
JONES (STEPHEN) OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING ARCHIVE, 1798 ± 2003 (BULK 1995 ± 1997). See TARO record at http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/03493/cah-03493.html (Approximately 620 linear feet) This collection is open for research use. Portions are restricted due to privacy concerns. See Archivist's Note for more details. Use of DAT and Beta tapes by appointment only; please contact repository for more information. This collection is stored remotely. Advance notice required for retrieval. Contact repository for retrieval. Cite as: Stephen Jones Oklahoma City Bombing Archive, 1798 ± 2003 (Bulk 1995 ± 1997), Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin. [AR 98-395; 2003-055; 2005-161] ______________________________________________________________________________ BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE: Stephen Jones (born 1940) was appointed in May 1995 by the United States District Court in Oklahoma City to serve as the lead defense attorney for Timothy McVeigh in the criminal court case of United States of America v. Timothy James McVeigh and Terry Lynn Nichols. On April 19, 1995, two years to the day after the infamous Federal Bureau of Investigation and Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms raid on the Branch Davidians at Waco, Texas, a homemade bomb delivered inside of a Ryder rental truck was detonated in front of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Timothy McVeigh, as well as his accomplice Terry Nichols, were accused of and, in 1997, found guilty of the crime, and McVeigh was executed in 2001. Terry Nichols is still serving his sentence of 161 consecutive life terms without the possibility of parole in the ADX Florence super maximum-security prison in Florence, Colorado. -
The Militia Movement and Second Amendment Revolution: Conjuring with the People
Maurer School of Law: Indiana University Digital Repository @ Maurer Law Articles by Maurer Faculty Faculty Scholarship 1996 The Militia Movement and Second Amendment Revolution: Conjuring with the People David C. Williams Indiana University Maurer School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, and the Second Amendment Commons Recommended Citation Williams, David C., "The Militia Movement and Second Amendment Revolution: Conjuring with the People" (1996). Articles by Maurer Faculty. 633. https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub/633 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by Maurer Faculty by an authorized administrator of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE MILITIA MOVEMENT AND SECOND AMENDMENT REVOLUTION: CONJURING WITH THE PEOPLE David C. Williams4 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 879 I. WHAT THE MILITIA HAS RIGHT-ARMED REVOLUTION .... 886 A. Fear of the Government ............................ 887 B. The Revolutionary Second Amendment ............. 892 C. The Importance of the Militia ...................... 896 D. The Danger of Disarmament ....................... 901 II. WHAT THE MILITIA HAS WRONG--THE BODY OF THE PEOPLE ................................................. 904 A. The Framers' View of the People -
WAR in the WEST the Bundy Ranch Standoff and the American Radical Right
WAR IN THE WEST The Bundy Ranch Standoff and the American Radical Right A Special Report from the Southern Poverty Law Center Montgomery, Alabama JULY 2014 southern poverty law center WAR IN THE WEST The Bundy Ranch Standoff and the American Radical Right THE SOUTHERN POVERTY LAW CENTER is a nonprofit organization that combats hate, intolerance and discrimination through education and litigation. Its Intelligence Project, which prepared this report and also produces the quarterly investigative magazine Intelligence Report, tracks the activities of hate groups and the nativist movement and monitors militia and other extremist antigovernment activity. Its Teaching Tolerance project helps foster respect and understanding in the classroom. Its litigation arm files lawsuits against hate groups for the violent acts of their members. MEDIA AND GENERAL INQUIRIES Mark Potok or Heidi Beirich Southern Poverty Law Center 400 Washington Ave., Montgomery, Ala. (334) 956-8200 www.splcenter.org This report was prepared by the staff of the Intelligence Project of the Southern Poverty Law Center. The Center is supported entirely by private donations. No government funds are involved. © Southern Poverty Law Center. All rights reserved. southern poverty law center about the report Written by Ryan Lenz and Mark Potok Edited by Heidi Beirich Designed by Russell Estes, Shannon Anderson and Sunny Paulk Cover photos by Jim Urquhart/Reuters/Corbis and Ryan Lenz southern poverty law center table of contents Executive Summary 5 Guns of April: The Bundy Standoff 8 Backgrounding Bundy: The Movement 18 Land Use and the ‘Patriots’: A Timeline 22 southern poverty law center After the climbdown: Militiamen and other support- ers of Cliven Bundy head for the corral where govern- ment agents were holding the Nevadan’s cattle. -
Internet and U.S. Citizen Militias. Doctor of Philosophy
INTERNET AND U.S. CITIZEN MILITIAS Stan C. Weeber, B.A., M.A. Dissertation Prepared for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS May 2000 APPROVED: Daniel G. Rodeheaver, Major Professor James Williams, Minor Professor James Quinn, Committee Member Mahmoud Sadri, Committee Member Rudy Seward, Committee Member Dale Yeatts, Chair of the Department of Sociology David Hartman, Dean of the School of Community Service C. Neal Tate, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies Weeber, Stan C., Internet and U.S. citizen militias. Doctor of Philosophy (Sociology), May, 2000, 108 pp., 17 tables, references, 115 titles. Smelser’s theory of collective behavior holds that people join radical social movements because they experience strain. Among the most serious strains are anxieties that relate to one’s social status and the roles that correspond to it. A social movement arises as a means of coping with these anxieties. Militia presence and activity on the Internet (especially Usenet) is a phenomenon that can be studied within the framework of Smelser’s theory. Militia watchers contend that those who join the militias have experienced the kinds of strain to which Smelser refers. A content analysis of Internet traffic of U.S. militias provides a test of the general thesis outlined above. By analyzing Internet sites it is possible to examine whether militiamen have experienced strain, and whether the strain, together with other factors, influence an individual’s decision to join the militia. This dissertation was the first sociological study of American militias on the Internet and the first in which militias from all regions of the country was studied. -
Guns, Democracy, and the Insurrectionist Idea
Horwitz, Joshua. Guns, Democracy, and the Insurrectionist Idea. E-book, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.180934. Downloaded on behalf of Unknown Institution GUNS, DEMOCRACY, AND THE INSURRECTIONIST IDEA Horwitz, Joshua. Guns, Democracy, and the Insurrectionist Idea. E-book, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.180934. Downloaded on behalf of Unknown Institution Horwitz, Joshua. Guns, Democracy, and the Insurrectionist Idea. E-book, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.180934. Downloaded on behalf of Unknown Institution GUNS, DEMOCRACY, AND THE INSURRECTIONIST IDEA Joshua Horwitz and Casey Anderson the university of michigan press ann arbor Horwitz, Joshua. Guns, Democracy, and the Insurrectionist Idea. E-book, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2009, https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.180934. Downloaded on behalf of Unknown Institution Copyright © by the University of Michigan 2009 All rights reserved Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid-free paper 2012 2011 2010 2009 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Horwitz, Joshua, 1963– Guns, democracy, and the insurrectionist idea / Joshua Horwitz and Casey Anderson. p. -
The American Militia Phenomenon: a Psychological
THE AMERICAN MILITIA PHENOMENON: A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF MILITANT THEOCRACIES ____________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, Chico ____________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Political Science ____________ by © Theodore C. Allen 2009 Summer 2009 PUBLICATION RIGHTS No portion of this thesis may be reprinted or reproduced in any manner unacceptable to the usual copyright restrictions without the written permission of the author. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Publication Rights ...................................................................................................... iii Abstract....................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER I. Introduction.............................................................................................. 1 II. Literature Review of the Modern Militia Phenomenon ........................... 11 Government Sources .................................................................... 11 Historical and Scholarly Works.................................................... 13 Popular Media .............................................................................. 18 III. The History of the Militia in America...................................................... 23 The Nexus Between Religion and Race ....................................... 28 Jefferson’s Wall of Separation ..................................................... 31 Revolution and the Church.......................................................... -
Texas Sheriff Perceptions of the Militia Movement
Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2016 Texas Sheriff eP rceptions of the Militia Movement John F. Fisher Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Criminology Commons, Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons, and the Public Policy Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by John F. Fisher has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Tina Jaeckle, Committee Chairperson, Human Services Faculty Dr. Anne Hacker, Committee Member, Human Services Faculty Dr. Mary Bold, University Reviewer, Human Services Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2016 Abstract Texas Sheriff Perceptions of the Militia Movement by John F. Fisher MA, Sul Ross State University, 2007 MS, Sul Ross State University, 2005 BS, Angelo State University, 2001 Proposal Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Human Services Specializing in Criminal Justice Walden University August 2016 Abstract With the election of President Barack Obama, the United States has seen a steady increase in the number of right-wing militia groups. -
The Origins of the Militia Movement Robert H
To Shake Their Guns in the Tyrant's Face: Libertarian Political Violence and the Origins of the Militia Movement Robert H. Churchill http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=327258 The University of Michigan Press, 2009. the origins of the militia movement: violence and memory on the suburban-rural frontier Sometimes change is sudden, and so dramatic that we can hardly believe our eyes. On November 9, 1989, I came home from teaching high school and turned on the television. I had followed the events in Eastern Europe closely that fall, but it still took me twenty minutes to fathom the live im- ages of young people dancing atop a concrete wall. I simply could not grasp what I was seeing. The newscasters reporting the fall of the Berlin Wall were themselves speechless. Sometimes change is imperceptible, until one day we are forced to confront a new state of affairs and realize that it has been twenty years in the making. I grew up in a variety of communities, urban, suburban, and rural. In one of those rural communities I once attended a Fourth of July celebration in a parking lot in the middle of town. It was a tailgate party attended by most of the town’s high school students, who stood in a small crowd drinking beer, in wholesale violation of the town’s open container laws and the state’s minimum age regulations. At the entrance to the parking lot, about ‹fty yards from the crowd, the town’s chief of police sat in his cruiser. -
Paranoia, Patriotism, and the Citizen Militia Movement: Constitutional Right Or Criminal Conduct?
Mercer Law Review Volume 47 Number 2 Articles Edition Article 7 3-1996 Paranoia, Patriotism, and the Citizen Militia Movement: Constitutional Right or Criminal Conduct? R.J. Larizza Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.mercer.edu/jour_mlr Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, and the Criminal Law Commons Recommended Citation R.J. Larizza, Paranoia, Patriotism, and the Citizen Militia Movement: Constitutional Right or Criminal Conduct?, 47 Mercer L. Rev. 581 (1996). This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Mercer Law School Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mercer Law Review by an authorized editor of Mercer Law School Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMMENT Paranoia, Patriotism, and the Citizen Militia Movement: Constitutional Right or Criminal Conduct? I. INTRODUCTION As this country rushes towards the twenty first century, a growing cloud of civil unrest has found its way into the hearts of many Ameri- cans. In a bold move to challenge the power of the federal government, a significant number of American citizens have sought refuge from perceived government injustice by forming citizen militias. These self styled militia groups fear that the liberties guaranteed by the United States Constitution are rapidly evaporating in the wake of a federal government that has grown too large and powerful. For example, while addressing the Senate Subcommittee on terrorism, Norman Olson (Commander of the Michigan Regional Militias) characterized the federal government as the "child of the armed citizen" and stated that "[t]he increasing amount of federal encroachment into our lives indicates the need for parental corrective action."' While Olson and other militia 1. -
The Creation of a Public Identity For
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts PATRIOTS OR PARANOIDS? THE CREATION OF A PUBLIC IDENTITY FOR THE MODERN MILITIA MOVEMENT A Thesis in Speech Communication By Heather M. Norton Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2005 ii The thesis of Heather M. Norton was reviewed and approved* by the following: J. Michael Hogan Professor of Communication Arts and Sciences Thesis Advisor Chair of Committee Thomas W. Benson Professor of Speech Communication Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Rhetoric Stephen H. Browne Professor of Communication Arts and Sciences John D. McCarthy Professor of Sociology James P. Dillard Professor of Communication Arts and Sciences Head, Department of Communication Arts and Sciences *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. iii ABSTRACT The Oklahoma City bombing brought the modern Militia Movement to the forefront of the nation’s consciousness. After uncovering accused bomber Timothy McVeigh’s anti-government sentiments and his connections to the Michigan Militia, the federal government and the news media rushed to investigate the dangers posed by this movement—a movement that criticized the government for allegedly seeking to disarm law-abiding Americans and to limit their constitutional rights. The struggle that ensued over the public identity of the militias is the focus of this study. The study investigates the public debate over the militias beginning with the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19, 1995, and ending in 1996, when the militias disappeared from the headlines. Focusing on the “portraits” of the militias produced by the movement’s own leaders, so-called “watchdog” groups, and the Clinton administration, it examines how a variety of advocates worked to shape public perceptions of the movement. -
The Militia Movement and American History
Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier History Faculty Publications History 2004 Conversing with the Dead: The Militia Movement and American History Darren Mulloy Wilfrid Laurier University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/hist_faculty Recommended Citation Mulloy, Darren, "Conversing with the Dead: The Militia Movement and American History" (2004). History Faculty Publications. 1. https://scholars.wlu.ca/hist_faculty/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of American Studies, 38 (2004), 3, 439–456 f 2004 Cambridge University Press DOI: 10.1017/S0021875804008734 Printed in the United Kingdom Conversing with the Dead: The Militia Movement and American History DARREN MULLOY If one forgets the past, he will not be prepared for the future. The Militia of Montana YES! TODAY JUST AS YESTERDAY. The Michigan Militia When the militia movement emerged in the United States during the mid 1990s its members were widely seen as simply the latest practitioners of what Richard Hofstadter famously called ‘‘the paranoid style in American politics.’’1 There was much comfort to be had in this characterization. It fitted the militia movement into a long-standing model for understanding right-wing extremism in American life, one in which the principal characteristics of such extremism were readily understood: conspiratorial, Manichean, absolutist – if not apocalyptic – and, of course, paranoid. The problem with this ap- proach, though, is that it tends to discourage any examination of mainstream Darren Mulloy is Assistant Professor of US History at Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada. -
Armed & Dangerous: Militias Take Aim at the Federal Government
The William and Naomi Gorowitz Institute on Terrorism and Extremism ARMED & DANGEROUS: MILITIAS TAKE AIM AT ThE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT . Fact Finding Report Anti .. Defamation League 1994 ANTI.. DEFAMATION LEAGUE David H. Strassler, National Chainnan Abraham H. Foxman, National Director Howard P. Berkowitz, Chainnan , NationrJ. Executive Committee Peter T. Willner, Chief Operating Officer Kenneth Jacobson, Assistant National Director. Robert G. Sugarman, Chainnan, Civil Rights Committee Jeffrey P. Sinensky, Director, Civil Rights Division Gary Zaslav, Chainnan, Fact Finding and Research Committee This publication was prepared by Irwin Suall, Director of Special Projects; Thomas Halpern, Associate Director, Fact Finding Department; David Rosenberg, Assistant Director, Fact Finding Department; and James Q. Purcell, Assistant to the Civil Rights Director. © 1994 Anti,Defamation League Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved Second Printing Table of Contents Introduction . .. 1 .Arizona . .. 4 Colorado .................... 5 Florida ..................... 7 Idaho ................................................... 10 Indiana . 12 J.\..lichigan . • • • • • . • • . • • . • . • . 14 J\,1.issouri . • . • • . • • • • • • . • • • • . • . • • • . .• 16 Montana. 17 Ne\\' Hampshire. .. 20 Ne\\' Mexico ............................................... 21 North Carolina ............................................. 22 Ohio . 24 Vlrgmla . • . • . .. 25 Conclusion . .. 26 Appendix. • . .. 27 Introduction Bands of armed right-wing militants