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Year 8 Geography Homework: Term 1

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Year 8 Geography Homework: Term 1. Name: Tutor: Geography Class: Geography Teacher: Term 1 Homework Guidance: Your homework is to revise the key knowledge for this unit. • You will have a banded assessment. • Your grade will reflect how well you have revised during the term. • This booklet contains fortnightly revision activities that you must complete to prepare. • This booklet must be brought in for your teacher to see on the homework due date. • All answers are on the knowledge organiser. • The activities will be marked in class on the homework due date. HWK Completed: Score: 1 /23 2 /30 Overall Score: /70 3 /25 Overall Percentage: The UK and its coastline As waves break they SWASH Coastal landforms Cliffs – Erode and retreat backwards over time As we are an island nation, the coastline up the beach carrying sand These are distinctive features leaving behind a rocky wave cut platform at sea has always been an important resource with them. Gravity pulls of the coast created by coastal level. This may be covered over by a beach. to us. It gives us important trade routes them back down the slope of processes (erosion, 1. The waves erode a wave cut notch into the with the rest of the world, provides the beach to the sea. This is transportation and deposition) base of the cliff many opportunities for leisure and called BACKWASH Erosional features 2. The top of the cliff becomes weakened by recreation and is home to millions of Cliffs, Caves, Arches weathering (the action of the weather) people. However, coastal processes are Stacks, and Wave cut 3. The weakened cliff collapses as it is not constantly changing the coastline, and platforms. supported at the bottom because of this our coastline needs Depositional features 4. The cliff retreats backwards as pieces fall off careful management Beaches, Sand dunes, Bars Stacks Like Old Harry are formed as a headland is And Spits attacked over time by erosive waves. Coastal processes, caused by Constructive waves 1. Waves erode and enlarge weaknesses and waves constantly change our Build up (deposit) beaches Beaches are formed when cracks (faults) in the headland coastline Are lower and less frequent constructive waves with a Long shore Drift is how waves Break more gently 2. Some cracks are enlarged into caves transport sediment along the strong SWASH wash sand into 3. A cave may erode right through the headland Erosion – Waves wear away Have a large SWASH coast a sheltered bay where it is to form an arch the coast Have a small BACKWASH deposited to build up a beach. Waves come in to shore at an Push sand up a beach 4. The top of the arch is weakened by angle, blown by the wind The sand cannot be weathering and eventually collapses leaving a Transportation – Waves move The swash of the wave transported down the coast as free standing stack eroded material from one washes sand at an angle up it becomes trapped between place to another and across the beach. The the headlands at either end of Where flooding and erosion is a problem along the coast e.g. Minehead, backwash pulls sand back out the bay. defences are used to reduce the effects. This is called coastal management. Deposition – Waves dump at 90° to the beach. Sediment Hard engineering is about building solid structures to stop erosion and floods. eroded material to built up Spits are formed due to long is moved along the beach Destructive waves Soft engineering is using natural materials and processes to reduce the effects. coastal features e.g. beaches shore drift and deposition. If with the zig zag motion of Erode away beaches In Minehead £12.5 million has been spend on new sea walls, rock armour and the coastline suddenly changes each wave Are tall and frequent groynes to protect the town and Butlins holiday resort from storm flooding. Types of erosion angle where transportation is Break powerfully Hydraulic action – The force of moving sand along the coast, Hard engineering Soft engineering Have a small SWASH the waves crash into cliffs and constructive waves may Have a large BACKWASH smash them apart deposit a beach out to sea. Sea walls – A strong and expensive (often Beach nourishment – Adding sand Drag sand back out to sea Abrasion – Waves pick up sand This is called a spit. They are curved) wall that deflects the power of to a beach to widen it and make it waves back out to sea, protecting valuable higher so it absorbs wave energy and shingle and use it to often found across river The coastline erodes at property behind from flooding and erosion more effectively smooth and wear away rocks different rates depending mouths and estuaries. Attrition – The motion of on the resistance of the Groynes – Wooden structures that trap Sand dune regeneration – waves moves pebbles on coastal geology. sand moved along the coast by Long Shore Encouraging sand dunes to beaches, which smooths and Resistant rocks (chalk and drift. The extra sand makes a wider beach develop . They absorb wave which absorbs (dissipates) wave energy energy, protecting the land behind rounds them limestone) erode slowly Corrosion – Sea water is forming headlands Rock armour – Large piles of boulders that Managed retreat – Letting old capable of slowly dissolving Less resistant rocks (clays) block waves and absorb (dissipate) wave defences fail so that the land and rocks like limestone and chalk erode quickly forming bays energy in the gaps between them the sea can reach a new balance Homework Task 1 Set W/C: 22nd April 2019 My Class Due Date: 1. The UK and its Coastline: 3. Longshore Drift. As we are an _________________________ nation, the Longshore Drift is how waves _______________________ coastline has always been an important resource to us. It gives us important _________________ __________________ with sediment along the coast. ______________________ come in to the rest of the world, provides many opportunities for shore at an angle, blown by the ______________________. The _____________________________ and ______________________ of the wave washes sand at an angle _____________________________ and is home to millions of people. However, coastal _____________________________ up and across the ______________________. The are constantly ______________________________ the ___________________________________ pulls sand back out at coastline, and because of this our coastline needs careful _____________________________. 90 degrees to the beach. Sediment is moved along the beach with 2. Coastal Processes. the ___________ __________ motion of each wave. Coastal _______________________________ caused by waves True or False - decide if the statement is True or False – Types of constantly _____________________________ change our coastline. Erosion. 4. Hydraulic action is the force of the waves smashing cliffs apart. Multiple Choice Quiz – circle the correct answer TRUE 2.1 Which process involves waves moving eroded material FALSE from one place to another? a) Erosion. 5. Abrasion happens when pebbles are smoothed and rounded. b) Transportation. TRUE FALSE 2.2 Which process involves waves wearing away the coastline? a) Erosion. 6. Attrition happens when sand and shingle wears away rock. b) Transportation. TRUE FALSE 2.3 Which process results in the building up of beaches? a) Deposition. 7. Corrosion occurs when sea water slowly dissolves rock. b) Erosion. TRUE FALSE The answers for all these questions are found on the knowledge organiser. Homework Task 2 Set W/C: 6th May 2019 My Class Due Date: 1. Fill the gaps: 3. Fill the gaps: As waves break they _________________________ up the The coastline _________________________ at different rates beach carrying sand with them. _________________________ depending on the ____________________________ of the pulls them back down the slope of the beach to the sea. This is coastal ___________________________. Resistant rocks such called ___________________________________. as chalk and limestone erode __________________________ 2. Multiple Choice Quiz – circle the correct answer – forming ___________________________________. Less Constructive and Destructive Waves. resistant rocks (clays) erode 2.1 Which wave has a large backwash? ___________________________________ forming a) Constructive. __________________. b) Destructive. 2.2 Which wave is able to push sand up a beach? a) Constructive. b) Destructive. 2.3 Which wave breaks more gently? a) Constructive. b) Destructive. True or False - decide if the statement is True or False – 2.4 Which wave drags sand back out to sea? Geology. a) Constructive. 4. Chalk and Limestone are resistant rocks and therefore b) Destructive. erode more slowly. TRUE FALSE 2.5 Which wave erodes beaches? a) Constructive. 5. Swanage Bay and Studland Bay have both been created b) Destructive. because the resistance of the rocks there were weaker. TRUE 2.6 Which wave builds up (deposits) a beach? FALSE a) Constructive. The answers for all these questions are found on the knowledge organiser. b) Destructive. Note: Please complete the next page also. Homework Task 2: Set W/C: 20th May 2019 My Class Due Date: 6. Coastal Landforms: True or False - decide if the statement is True or False: These are distinctive features of the coast created by coastal Spits. __________________________________ (erosion, 11. Spits are similar to beaches in that they are both coastal transportation and deposition). Erosional features are coastal features that have been made by the process of deposition. landforms that have been made by the process of erosion. For TRUE example, cliffs, caves, arches _______________________ and FALSE wave cut platforms. Depositional features are coastal landforms that have been made by deposition. For example, beaches, sand 12. Longshore drift does not contribute to the formation of dunes, bars and _________________________ . beaches and spits. Multiple Choice Quiz – circle the correct answer TRUE 7. How are beaches formed? FALSE a) When constructive waves with a strong swash wash sand into a sheltered bay where it is deposited. 13. Spits can be created when a coastline suddenly changes b) When destructive waves with a weak swash take sand away angle.
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