DOCSLIB.ORG

BETWEEN ISLAMOPHOBIA and the UMMAH: HOW SPANISH MOROCCANS ARE NEGOTIATING THEIR IDENTITIES in POST 3-11 MADRID Anwar Ouassini

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
BETWEEN ISLAMOPHOBIA and the UMMAH: HOW SPANISH MOROCCANS ARE NEGOTIATING THEIR IDENTITIES in POST 3-11 MADRID Anwar Ouassini University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Sociology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 7-11-2013 BETWEEN ISLAMOPHOBIA AND THE UMMAH: HOW SPANISH MOROCCANS ARE NEGOTIATING THEIR IDENTITIES IN POST 3-11 MADRID Anwar Ouassini Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/soc_etds Recommended Citation Ouassini, Anwar. "BETWEEN ISLAMOPHOBIA AND THE UMMAH: HOW SPANISH MOROCCANS ARE NEGOTIATING THEIR IDENTITIES IN POST 3-11 MADRID." (2013). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/soc_etds/37 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Anwar Ouassini Candidate Sociology Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Dr. Nancy López, Chairperson Dr. Richard L. Wood Dr. Phillip Gonzales Dr. Alex Lubin i BETWEEN ISLAMOPHOBIA AND THE UMMAH: HOW SPANISH MOROCCANS ARE NEGOTIATING THEIR IDENTITIES IN POST 3-11 MADRID by ANWAR OUASSINI B.A., Sociology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 2003 M. Arts, History, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 2005 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Sociology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico May, 2013 ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Abdulmajid and Faouzia Ouassini. They have taught me how to laugh, love, and appreciate all that life has to offer. Their unconditional love, support, sacrifice, and compassion are unending. I will be forever grateful. To my family: Thank you for your unending support and love: Nabil Ouassini, Adil Ouassini, Raghda, Zaine, and Amine Ouassini, Hanan and Mehdi, and M Ouassini. I want to thank the many people who have served as my academic mentors over the years: Richard L. Wood, Nancy López, Robert Fiala, David Dickens, Janet Ward, Colin Loader, and Barbara Brents. iii Acknowledgements This dissertation is dedicated to all the participants in this study. Without your support this dissertation would not be possible. I would like to thank Dr. Nancy López for her mentorship, support, knowledge, and guidance throughout the dissertation process. You have helped me think through and develop my ideas and supported me throughout. I truly thank you for everything! I would like to thank Dr. Richard L Wood for his mentorship and guidance in this dissertation and throughout my graduate career at UNM. Thank you! I would like to thank Dr. Phillip Gonzales and Dr. Alex Lubin for their comments, expertise, and intimate knowledge of the field. Your comments have been really helpful in shaping my dissertation. Thanks! Finally, I would like to thank Nabil Ouassini, Elena Windsong, and Jeff Nowacki for their encouragement and support since day one. I couldn’t have done it without you. iv BETWEEN ISLAMOPHOBIA AND THE UMMAH: HOW SPANISH MOROCCANS ARE NEGOTIATING THEIR IDENTITIES IN POST 3-11 MADRID by ANWAR OUASSINI B.A., Sociology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 2003 M.A., History, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 2005 PhD, Sociology, University of New Mexico, 2013 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores how Spanish Moroccans are negotiating their identities in post 3-11 Madrid. In doing so, I explore and capture the lived discourses that reveal the underlying processes that are shaping their identities at the micro, meso, and macro level. The data for this research was collected through in-depth interviews with 33 Spanish- Moroccans residing in Madrid, Spain. Results revealed that Spanish Moroccan identities are increasingly racialized towards a Muslim-Arab religious identity by two ideological currents found at the local and the transnational level: Islamophobia and the Ummah. The Islamophobia racial project was experienced by my participants at the micro-level of everyday interactions including at work, educational institutions, and public life. This strengthened an attachment to a Muslim first identity. At the transnational level, Ummah ideological scapes shaped my participants identities via Arabic Satellite television and transnational Islamic movements. These scapes reinforced a Muslim- Arab first identity among my participants. These findings indicate that Spanish Moroccans are experiencing what I coined as dual communal racialization, a process wherein individuals are exposed v to two racial projects that are simultaneously racializing my participants’ identities towards a Muslim –Arab ethno-racial identity. Moreover, at the meso-level, I found that my participants lacked any active participation in voluntary associations; but did belong to what I call immigrant community spheres, which include the mosque, Muslim monuments, and the Moroccan café. These ‘institutions’ are often cites of contention for dual communal racialization and work to reinforce identity ties and claims towards Islam and the Spanish state. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………….xii List OF GRAPHS…………………………………………………………………….…xiii CHAPTER 1: Mapping Spanish Moroccan Identities in Contemporary Madrid…………1 Introduction..............................................................................................................1 Contemporary and historic Islamophobia: The Political and Economic Context of Spanish Moroccan Identities....................................................................................4 Conceptualizing Spanish Moroccan Identities: Sociological Tools and Theoretical Guideposts…………………....................................................................................9 A note on Race, Ethnicity, and Religion................................................................16 Dual Communal Racialization and Muslim Minorities.........................................17 Micro Level: Islamophobia and Spanish Moroccans.............................................21 Meso-level: Immigrant Community Spheres and Collective Memory..................25 Macro-level: The Ummah: Islamic social movements and Arab Satellite Television......................................................................………………………....30 Morocco, Ummah, and Racialization....................................................................31 Arab Satellite TV………………………………………………………………...33 Islamic Social Movements……………………………………………………….36 A note on translocality and Dual Communal Racialization……………………...38 Plan of the Dissertation…………………………………………………………..41 CHAPTER 2: Researching Spanish Moroccan Identity: Design and Methods……….…44 Introduction............................................................................................................44 Qualitative Methods...............................................................................................46 Data Collection, Sample, and Setting....................................................................49 vii Context...................................................................................................................54 Sampling Categories..............................................................................................57 Selected Cafes and Moroccan Centers...................................................................58 Interviews. .............................................................................................................59 Content of the Interview Guide…………………………………………………..60 Data analysis..........................................................................................................62 Media and Mosque analysis……………………………………………………...64 Establishing Rapport and Positionality…………………………………………..66 Study limitations…………………………………………………………………68 CHAPTER 3: Spanish Muslim History: Between Islamophobia and the Ummah………70 Introduction............................................................................................................70 Muslim Spain and the Ummah Racial Projects.....................................................73 La Convivencia......................................................................................................77 Christian Spain, the Reconquista and Islamophobia..............................................80 Spanish Colonialism..............................................................................................91 The Spanish Civil War…………………………………………………………...96 Post Colonialism……………………………………………………………......100 CHAPTER 4: Islamophobic aggressions in Spanish State and Society...................…...110 Islamophobic Micro-aggressions at Work...........................................................114 Islamophobic Micro-aggression at Education…………………….……………123 Islamophobic Micro-aggressions in Public Life………………..........................129 The Emergence of Spanish Moroccan Satellite Public Spheres………..………133 Conclusion...........................................................................................................139 viii CHAPTER 5: The Ummah Racial Project, Spanish Muslim Identity, and the Spanish State..................................................................................................................................142 Understanding the Ummah, Transnationality and the Spanish Moroccan..........144 Arab New Media and Racialization.....................................................................146 Becoming Arab and Learning Arabic..................................................................150
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Berber Law by French Means: Customary Courts in the Moroccan Hinterlands, 1930–1956
    Comparative Studies in Society and History 2010;52(4):851–880. 0010-4175/10 $15.00 # Society for the Comparative Study of Society and History 2010 doi:10.1017/S0010417510000484 Berber Law by French Means: Customary Courts in the Moroccan Hinterlands, 1930–1956 KATHERINE E. HOFFMAN Northwestern University As the French conquered Muslim lands in their nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century quest for empire, they encountered multiple and some- times mixed judicial systems among the native populations. In many places, legal codes were shaped by either fiqh, meaning Islamic law, one component of which is customary law, or by non-Islamic custom, or some combination of the two.1 To administer native justice in French colonies and protectorates, Acknowledgments: Generous funding for this research was provided by a Charles Ryskamp Fel- lowship from the American Council of Learned Societies, a National Endowment for the Huma- nities Faculty Fellowship, a long-term fellowship from the American Institute for Maghrib Studies, a Northwestern University Faculty Research Grant, and an Institute for the Humanities Fel- lowship from the University of Illinois at Chicago. Mohamed Ouakrim, president of the Court of Taroudant Providence, and Ali Achfur, senior secretary at the Judicial Center, Igherm, generously allowed me to work with the original court dockets in Igherm and Taroudant. I wish to thank also Mina Alahyane and Hmad Laamrani for supplemental documentation, commentary, and helpful connections; Hafsa Oubou, Jenny Hall, and Devon Liddell for documentation; and Mohamed Mounib for provocative commentary on French Protectorate Berber policy. I am grateful to the fellows at the Camargo Foundation in Spring 2007, to archivist Anne-Sophie Cras at the Ministère des Affaires Etrangères archives in Nantes (CADN), and to Greta Austin, Joshua Cole, Clark Lom- bardi, and anonymous CSSH reviewers for comments and perspective.
    [Show full text]
  • The Question of 'Race' in the Pre-Colonial Southern Sahara
    The Question of ‘Race’ in the Pre-colonial Southern Sahara BRUCE S. HALL One of the principle issues that divide people in the southern margins of the Sahara Desert is the issue of ‘race.’ Each of the countries that share this region, from Mauritania to Sudan, has experienced civil violence with racial overtones since achieving independence from colonial rule in the 1950s and 1960s. Today’s crisis in Western Sudan is only the latest example. However, very little academic attention has been paid to the issue of ‘race’ in the region, in large part because southern Saharan racial discourses do not correspond directly to the idea of ‘race’ in the West. For the outsider, local racial distinctions are often difficult to discern because somatic difference is not the only, and certainly not the most important, basis for racial identities. In this article, I focus on the development of pre-colonial ideas about ‘race’ in the Hodh, Azawad, and Niger Bend, which today are in Northern Mali and Western Mauritania. The article examines the evolving relationship between North and West Africans along this Sahelian borderland using the writings of Arab travellers, local chroniclers, as well as several specific documents that address the issue of the legitimacy of enslavement of different West African groups. Using primarily the Arabic writings of the Kunta, a politically ascendant Arab group in the area, the paper explores the extent to which discourses of ‘race’ served growing nomadic power. My argument is that during the nineteenth century, honorable lineages and genealogies came to play an increasingly important role as ideological buttresses to struggles for power amongst nomadic groups and in legitimising domination over sedentary communities.
    [Show full text]
  • RTM 360 | Michigan Chronicle | 2019 Media Kit CONTENTS Page No
    RTM 360 | Michigan Chronicle | 2019 Media Kit CONTENTS Page No ABOUT US 3 - 4 OUR AUDIENCE 5 - 6 PRODUCTS AND SERVICES 7 - 15 • PRINT 8 • TARGETED BANNER & VIDEO MARKETING 9 • EMAIL MARKETING 10 • TARGETED EMAIL 11 • E-NEWS DAILY 12 • NATIONAL SWEEPSTAKES AND CONTESTS 13 • SOCIAL MEDIA 14 • BRANDED PROJECTS 15 • BRANDED EVENTS 16 • RTM360 17 EDITORIAL AND EVENTS CALENDAR 18 – 20 • QUARTERS 1 & 2 19 • QUARTERS 3 & 4 20 RATES & SPECIFICATIONS 21 – 27 • CIRCULATION 22 • DISPLAY RATES 23 • DIGITAL & PACKAGES 24 • CLASSIFIED RATES 25 • INSERT RATES 26 • AD SPECS 27 RTM 360 | Michigan Chronicle | 2019 Media Kit Media Kit| 21 -- 2 A B O U T U S Real Times Media (RTM) is a Detroit-based multimedia company with a legacy that stretches back over 100 years. As the parent company to five of the country’s most respected African American-owned news organizations, the Atlanta Daily World, Atlanta Tribune: The Magazine, the Chicago Defender, the Michigan Chronicle, and the New Pittsburgh Courier, it is our job to maintain the heartbeat of the African American voice. Being built on the foundation of historic brands affords RTM a depth of knowledge and assets that are multi-generational, relevant, and trustworthy. RTM has an ongoing commitment to delivering quality news, events, and entertainment for African American audiences. In addition to its news brands, RTM offers custom programming and niche publishing through Who’s Who In Black—a professional lifestyle brand focused on live and virtual business/social events and content; strategic communications consultancy services through its marketing services arm, RTM360°, and RTM Digital Studios, an unparalleled archive of historical photographs, videos, and film clips of the African American experience available through licensing for advertising, marketing, publishing, and film initiatives.
    [Show full text]
  • News Deserts and Ghost Newspapers: Will Local News Survive?
    NEWS DESERTS AND GHOST NEWSPAPERS: WILL LOCAL NEWS SURVIVE? PENELOPE MUSE ABERNATHY Knight Chair in Journalism and Digital Media Economics Will Local News Survive? | 1 NEWS DESERTS AND GHOST NEWSPAPERS: WILL LOCAL NEWS SURVIVE? By Penelope Muse Abernathy Knight Chair in Journalism and Digital Media Economics The Center for Innovation and Sustainability in Local Media School of Media and Journalism University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2 | Will Local News Survive? Published by the Center for Innovation and Sustainability in Local Media with funding from the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Office of the Provost. Distributed by the University of North Carolina Press 11 South Boundary Street Chapel Hill, NC 27514-3808 uncpress.org Will Local News Survive? | 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface 5 The News Landscape in 2020: Transformed and Diminished 7 Vanishing Newspapers 11 Vanishing Readers and Journalists 21 The New Media Giants 31 Entrepreneurial Stalwarts and Start-Ups 40 The News Landscape of the Future: Transformed...and Renewed? 55 Journalistic Mission: The Challenges and Opportunities for Ethnic Media 58 Emblems of Change in a Southern City 63 Business Model: A Bigger Role for Public Broadcasting 67 Technological Capabilities: The Algorithm as Editor 72 Policies and Regulations: The State of Play 77 The Path Forward: Reinventing Local News 90 Rate Your Local News 93 Citations 95 Methodology 114 Additional Resources 120 Contributors 121 4 | Will Local News Survive? PREFACE he paradox of the coronavirus pandemic and the ensuing economic shutdown is that it has exposed the deep Tfissures that have stealthily undermined the health of local journalism in recent years, while also reminding us of how important timely and credible local news and information are to our health and that of our community.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Social Media in Risk and Crisis Communication”
    OECD Working Papers on Public Governance No. 24 The Use of Social Media Cécile Wendling, in Risk and Crisis Jack Radisch, Communication Stephane Jacobzone https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k3v01fskp9s-en WORKING PAPER “THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN RISK AND CRISIS COMMUNICATION” CÉCILE WENDLING, JACK RADISCH, STEPHANE JACOBZONE ABSTRACT This report highlights the changing landscape of risk and crisis communications and in particular how social media can be a beneficial tool, but also create challenges for crisis managers. It explores different practices of risk and crisis communications experts related to the use of social media and proposes a framework for monitoring the development of practices among countries in the use of social media for risk and crisis communications. The three step process spans passive to dynamic use of social media, and provides governments a self-assessment tool to monitor and track progress in the uptake of effective use of social media by emergency services or crisis managers. 2 NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT This report addresses risk and crisis communications, a core policy area for the High Level Risk Forum. It draws on the outcome of the discussions held at a workshop organized jointly by the OECD and the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC), in Geneva (Switzerland), on 29 June 2012 on the theme of ''Risk and crisis communication: the challenges of social media''. This workshop gathered participants from 12 OECD countries, think tanks, academia, the private sector and international organizations to discuss the challenges that emergency services and public relations managers confront in relation to the emergence of social media.
    [Show full text]
  • Illicit Entrepreneurs and Legitimate Markets Philip Marti
    The London School of Economics and Political Science Backdoor traders: illicit entrepreneurs and legitimate markets Philip Martinov Gounev A thesis submitted to the Department of Sociology of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, April 2011 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without the prior written consent of the author. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. 2 Abstract This dissertation examines the factors that determine the behaviour of criminal entrepreneurs in legitimate markets. The particular aspect studied is how such entrepreneurs enter a new market when they immigrate into a new country (Chapter 1). The empirical focus of the thesis is the Bulgarian illegal entrepreneurs involved in the sale of stolen cars. More specifically, the dissertation compares their market behaviour in Bulgaria and in Spain between the late 1990s and 2010. The empirical basis for the dissertation is a comprehensive analysis of summaries of 86 Spanish police investigations against organised crime networks, as well as fieldwork consisting of interviews with 79 offenders, law-enforcement officers, entrepreneurs, and car-dealers in Spain and Bulgaria (Chapter 2).
    [Show full text]
  • Moroccan Women and Immigration in Spanish Narrative and Film (1995-2008)
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2010 MOROCCAN WOMEN AND IMMIGRATION IN SPANISH NARRATIVE AND FILM (1995-2008) Sandra Stickle Martín University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Martín, Sandra Stickle, "MOROCCAN WOMEN AND IMMIGRATION IN SPANISH NARRATIVE AND FILM (1995-2008)" (2010). University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations. 766. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/766 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Sandra Stickle Martín The Graduate School University of Kentucky 2010 MOROCCAN WOMEN AND IMMIGRATION IN SPANISH NARRATIVE AND FILM (1995-2008) ___________________________________ ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION ____________________________________ A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Kentucky By Sandra Stickle Martín Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Ana Rueda, Professor of Hispanic Studies Lexington, Kentucky 2010 Copyright © Sandra Stickle Martín 2010 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION MOROCCAN WOMEN AND IMMIGRATION IN SPANISH NARRATIVE AND FILM (1995-2008) Spanish migration narratives and films present a series of conflicting forces: the assumptions of entitlement of both Western and Oriental patriarchal authority, the claims to autonomy and self determination by guardians of women’s rights, the confrontations between advocates of exclusion and hospitality in the host society, and the endeavor of immigrant communities to maintain traditions while they integrate into Spanish society.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report MOROCCO
    Country report MOROCCO Summary Morocco’s stable growth and banking sector, despite the global crisis, mark the county’s present relatively sound economic state. Although Morocco suffered from lower inflows of remittances, less tourism and reduced textile exports related to contracting European markets, expansionary economic policies were feeding domestic demand and almost fully compensated for these external demand reductions. Growth reached over 5% in 2009. Unemployment, already high among younger Moroccans, remains an urgent issue as failure to reduce it may lead to social unrest. Morocco’s governance indicators are in line with most of its neighbouring countries, but clearly below the lowest west-European levels of Greece. Compared with its immediate peers, Morocco’s declining public debt at still 54% of GDP may be somewhat on the high side, but foreign debt is rather low at 20% of GDP. Foreign reserves are sufficient at 7 months of import value, indicating a favourable short term ability to pay. Economic policies and performance plus adequate political stability promise also favourable payment behaviour in the medium to longer term. Things to watch: • Growth in the European export markets • Prominence of currently minor militant Islamist groups Author: Leendert Colijn Country Risk Research Economic Research Department Rabobank Nederland Contact details: P.O.Box 17100, 3500 HG Utrecht, The Netherlands +31-(0)30-21-67063 [email protected] June 2010 Rabobank Economic Research Department Page: 1/7 Country report MOROCCO Morocco
    [Show full text]
  • A Return to the Sunnah Imaam Muhammad Naasirud-Deen Al-Albaanee
    A R E T U R N T O T H E S U N N A H [UNCOVERING THE DECEPTIONS OF THE ENEMIES OF THE SUNNAH AND ITS PEOPLE] [ In Defense of the Sunnah Series, no. 1 ] Stated Shaykhul-Islaam Muhammad Ibn ’Abdul- Wahhaab (d.1206H) – rahimahullaah – in ar-Rasaa‘ilun- Najdiyyah (4/124), “It is known that the Ahlul-Hadeeth are the greatest of the groups of the Ummah in research and knowledge of the Sunnah of the sallallaahu ’alayhi wa sallam Messenger of Allaah ( ) ... And no one denies that, except an enemy of Allaah, His Messenger and His believing servants.” He also said, “No one hates the Scholars of Ahlul-Hadeeth, except one who is from the people of innovations, fabrications and sinfulness,” ar-Rasaa‘ilun-Najdiyyah (4/75). Stated al-’Allaamah ’Abdul-Lateef Ibn ’Abdur- Rahmaan Ibn Hasan (d.1295H) – rahimahullaah – in ad-Durarus-Sunniyyah (4/102), “Ahlus-Sunnah wal- Hadeeth in every time and age have been a trial for the inhabitants of the earth. The people of Sunnah became distinguishable through their love and praise for them, and the people of innovations were exposed through their enmity and hatred for them.” Author: Imaam Muhammad Naasirud-Deen al-Albaanee Adapted by: Maaz Qureshi Source: www.troid.org A Return to the Sunnah Imaam Muhammad Naasirud-Deen al-Albaanee www.troid.org TABLE OF CONTENTS [1]: Introduction ................................................................... 2 [2]: Benefit – Concerning Revilement of the Hadeeth and the Ahlul-Hadeeth wal-Athar ................................................................................................ 4 [3]: Benefit – The Isnaad and It’s Status in Islaam .............. 13 [4]: Reasons For Compiling this Treatise ...........................
    [Show full text]
  • BLUETONES! O L
    The Weekly Arts and Entertainment Supplement to the Daily Nexus Are you worried at all about coming to America to try and find success? SM: I think if you go anywhere, you go open-minded just to see what the people are like. You don’t go with preconceptions. I think we’re just waiting. We’re waiting for when there’s a demand and when people do actually want to go and see us. I’m talking about the fans. _ How would you describe your music to someone from California? EC: It’s rock ’n’ roll, really. The Bluetones are a band from Houndslow, England, which, in case your English SM: Melodic guitar rock. Pop music. We’re influenced by a lot of West Coast Ameri­ geography is not up to par, is near Heathrow Airport in London. This fine quartet, com­ can stuff from the ’60s— Crosby, Stills & Nash, Buffet, The Byrds, Buffalo Springfield. prised of singer/lyricist Mark Morriss, bassist Scott Morriss, drummer Eds Chesters Do you see yourself as a primarily English band? and guitarist Adam Devlin, gets my vote for the best new pop band out of Britain. SM: We don’t like flying flags in foreign countries or anything. That’s a load of rub­ They’ve honed their skills on tour with the likes of Supergrass, while the less talented bish. The thing that’s happening is that they’re trying to promote “Britpop” in America scruffs got all the attention. right now. However, in January, the hounds were released in the form of the Bluetones’ first EC: It’s bollocks.
    [Show full text]
  • Between Morocco and Spain
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Marko Juntunen Institute for Asian and African Studies University of Helsinki BETWEEN MOROCCO AND SPAIN Men, migrant smuggling and a dispersed Moroccan community ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in auditorium XIII, Unioninkatu 33, on the 12th of October, 2002 at 10 o' clock 2 Helsinki University Printing House, Helsinki 2002 ISBN 952-91-5052-0 (printed) ISBN 952-10-0666-8 (PDF) 3 CONTENTS Note on transcription Foreword INTRODUCTION 9 Men on the move: presences and absences The political space of migration The setting: the leaking community of L´araish Why study men as gendered subjects? Gender in an unbounded setting Gender through practical discourses Is rudzūla masculinity? arrāga as persuasion On the structure of the work CHAPTER I 22 Cafés and quarters, telephone booths and satellite antennas Reflections from the cafés The quarter through facts and figures Articulating connections CHAPTER II 32 The "hidden migration" The new migration arrāga: migrant smuggling Gibraltar: from channel of connections to separating boundary CHAPTER III 44 Street wise Negotiating social relations The politics of confronting class boundaries CHAPTER IV 62 Between past and present, between Morocco and Spain L´araishi – members of the idealised community The true originals: place and belonging in L´araish The moral community Narratives of "betweenness" Wrestling
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Ethnic
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Ethnic Visibility, Context, and Xenophobia: A European Perspective A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology by Shabnam Shenasi Azari 2014 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Ethnic Visibility, Context, and Xenophobia: A European Perspective by Shabnam Shenasi Azari Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of California, Los Angeles, 2014 Professor Min Zhou, Co-chair Professor Jennie Brand, Co-chair The purpose of this study is to answer the following overarching question: how does ethnic diversity among immigrant and native populations impact xenophobia? Many studies answer this question by examining the effects of relative immigrant group size. Instead, I argue that group size increases xenophobia when immigrants are ethnically visible, crossing salient linguistic, religious, or racial boundaries. In three investigations I look at the effects of the following factors on xenophobia: ethnic diversity in the immigrant population, ethnic diversity in the broader society, and being cultural marginal. Analyzing multilevel models using cross- national data from the European Social Survey (ESS), I examine the effects of regional and national contexts of immigrant visibility on xenophobia. I define xenophobia as the perception of immigrant threat. I also test the hypothesis that average xenophobia is higher among individuals living in more ethnically diverse countries. In the second investigation, I reexamine ii immigrant visibility, this time using Swiss ESS data to compare across municipalities. I also consider the effects of living adjacent to rather than in an immigrant-rich community. In a final investigation, I again analyze cross-national ESS data to determine the effects of being different from the cultural majority on xenophobia.
    [Show full text]