DOCSLIB.ORG

FULL ISSUE (48 Pp., 2.6 MB PDF)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FULL ISSUE (48 Pp., 2.6 MB PDF) Vol. 25, No.4 nternatlona• October 2001 etln• Mission, the DivinelHuDlan Enterprise handsomely produced volume recently reached our Not everyone will see God's hand in mission. But in our Adesk. Edited by an admired colleague and boasting a postmodem age, maybe the historian of mission can afford to be roster of expert authors for its several chapters, it offers a fresh at least cautiously open to evidence from beyond the global world history of Christianity. The controlling idea behind its stage. planningand productionwasto providea historyof Christianity that would be truly global in scope, avoiding the tendency of most such histories to invest the largest share of attention on Europe and North America. For that focus it is most welcomed. But one can hardly see, through the prism used by the authors, that the Christian God has had much to do with the On Page history of the globalcommunitythat namesJesus Christ as Lord. It's all just history-documentation of the varied, fascinating, 146 Miracles and Missions Revisited mixed phenomena of human actions, of social movements, of GaryB.McGee upheavals, retreats, advances, and declines on the human stage. Everything seems autonomous and, well, haphazard, explained 150 Adrian Hastings Remembered entirely by the actors on the world stage. Kevin Ward The openingfeature of this issue challenges such a flattened 157 Women Missionaries in India: Opening Up view of mission and the church. Gary McGee, a contributing the Restrictive Policies of Rufus Anderson editor, confronts mission historians with evidence that the Lord Eugene Heideman of the church has been playing a direct role all along. McGee also analyzes why even conservative scholars often have hesitated to 165 Gender, Mission, and Higher Education in give credit to the miraculous and timely interventions of God in Cross-Cultural Context: Isabella Thoburn in the advance of the Gospel. Of course mission is a human enter­ India prise, but certainly it is no less the result of an attentive provi­ Maina Chawla Singh dence. (See Heb. 1:1-2.) The interplay of the divine and the human is obvious also in 169 My Pilgrimage in Mission Eugene Heideman's account of the struggle of women mission­ Maria Rieckelman, M.M. aries in late nineteenth-century India to advance their sense of call in the face of obstacles rooted in the patriarchal assumptions 173 The Legacy of William Milne of mission administrators-all males at the time. P. Richard Bohr Maina Chawla Singh follows with an essay reflecting an unusual line of research. Noting how women missionaries from 177 Noteworthy America often gave home constituencies negative pictures of the 179 Book Reviews peoples and culture of India, she uncovers the surprisingly fond and positive memories that Hindu women had of their mission­ 187 Dissertations ary teachers-memories, she writes, that "did not mesh nicely withthe themes of dominationand oppression, and of resistance 188 Index, 2001 and subversion that my understanding of postcolonial theories of race and power pointed to." 192 Book Notes of issionaryResearch Miracles and Mission Revisited Gary B. McGee n 1839AlexanderDuff, the renowned Scottishmissionary obvious ideological agendas of the authors who controlled the I to India, wrote about the role of Christian education in evaluation of evidence, have naturally and rightly troubled training indigenous teachers and preachers of the Gospel. With modern historians." Theological and philosophical presupposi­ such an aim, said Duff, "Missionaries of the Church of Scotland tions havebeenof no less importancein the debate. The theologi­ have been sent forth ... in the absence of miracles."! Teaching cal issue has centered in part on whether miracles fulfilled their school in Calcutta, he was apparently unaware of what other purpose in the first century. "No transition in the history of the missionaries working in Burma (now Myanmar) were experi­ Church [was] so sudden, abrupt, and radical as that from the encing during the same period in their work among the Karens. apostolicto the post-apostolicage," wrotethe GermanReformed Venturing into the mountains, Jonathan and Deborah Wade lost historianPhilipSchaff. Andthenin a pronouncementofvirtually their way until they came upon a Karen house. An elderly man excathedra proportions, he declared: "God himself... established sitting on the veranda gazed on them for a few moments in an impassable gulf.... The apostolic age is the age of miracles."! silence and then called out, "The teacher has arrived; the teacher Presbyterian theologian Benjamin B.Warfield concurred. In his has arrived!" Soon a crowd from the neighborhood gathered, for judgment the extraordinary "gifts of power" of the apostles had they had received a prophecy telling them that "the teacher is in served to authenticate them as the "authoritative founders" of the jungle, and will call on you. You must . listen to his the church. In turn, they conferred this capability on their own precepts."! As a result, the Gospel received a warm reception, disciples. But as the latter gradually passed off the scene, so did converts were baptized, and a permanent mission station estab­ the demonstrations of miraculous power? Despite Anglican lished. attempts to defend the occurrences of miracles into the patristic Yet, while the educational legacy of Duffhas been endlessly age, Warfield would have none of it. In his estimation, the"great recounted in histories of missions, few people today know about the miraculous eventssurroundingthe introductionof the Chris­ tian faith in Myanmar. Historians of missions and missiologists Historians cannot afford to have generally ignored these kinds of reports, ironically crucial pieces to the puzzle of how Christianity developed in non­ crop miracles out of the Western countries. Consequently, this exclusion has seriously story of missions. limited the insights of historical and missiological analysis. To correct misapprehended interpretations, such stories must be considered. Historians may have reservations about the wide­ harvest of miracles" that came with the evolution of Roman angle lens of providential narratives, but they cannot afford to Catholicism grew from the tares of "heathendom.II8 crop them out of the picture. In recentyearshistorians havechallengedthis thesis, includ­ In light of discussions in the last several years about how the ing Stanley M. Burgess and Kilian McDonnell, O.S.B.,who have history of Christianity in the former mission lands should be reviewed the evidence and located new sources of information. written, as well as interest in the phenomenology of religion Burgess insists that "cessationists" like Warfield failed to look among non-Western peoples, this inquiry briefly explores se­ objectively at the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox tradi­ lected claims of paranormal happenings.' It then analyzes why tions. None of the early church fathers suggested that miracles the anticipation of miracles declined, examines views in the and the charismata had been intended only for the New Testa­ Protestant missionary community on the possibility and impor­ ment church," In his analysis of patristic sources, McDonnell tance of miracles, and recounts what historians have said or finds that the charisms of the Holy Spirit, including the gifts of failed to say about them in textbooks. While historians and tongues and prophecy, were sought for and received during the missiologists have examined aspects of how the Christian mes­ rites of Christian initiation (baptism, confirmation, Eucharist). sage was inserted into various cultures and the level of accep­ Evidenceprovidedbywitnessesfrom aroundthe Mediterranean tance it gained, the specific relationship of miracles to missions seaboard extends from the end of the second to the eighth and how missionaries and mission leaders perceived their im­ centuries." portance have been neglected.' More directly related to missions, records attest to super­ natural demonstrations of power in the advance of Christianity, Pre-Reformation Claims with some analogous to phenomena found in the New Testa­ ment. For instance, Basil of Cappadocia lauded the remarkable Precedent for miracles in missions is found from the time of the numberof conversionsin theministryofGregoryThaumaturgus apostles. However, theircredibilityhas longgenerated disagree­ ("wonder-worker"), a third-century missionary bishop in Asia ment in the West because of historical, theological, and philo­ Minor. "By the superabundance of gifts, wrought in him by the sophical considerations. Questions about sources, as well as the Spirit in all power and in signs and marvels," Basil reported, Gregory "was styled a second Moses by the very enemies of the Gary B. McGee, a contributing editor, is Professor of Church History and Church."!' In Egypt the fourth-century desert father Antony Pentecostal Studiesat Assemblies of God Theological Seminary, Springfield, becamelegendaryfor his prevailinginconflicts withdemons, his Missouri. He wroteThis Gospel Shall Be Preached (1986), a two-volume feats being attributed to fidelity to Nicene Christology." historyofAssemblies ofGod international missions, andcoedited theDiction­ In the same era Nino, a slave girl taken captive to the ary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements (1988). Caucasus region and afterward canonized by the Orthodox 146 INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF MISSIONARY RESEARCH Church of Georgia with the title "Equal to the Apostles," prayed International Bulletin for the healing of Queen Nana. The queen
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Robert Morrison (Missionary) - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Robert Morrison (missionary) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Morrison_(missionary) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Robert Morrison (traditional Chinese: 馬禮遜; simplified Chinese: 马礼逊; pinyin: Mǎ Lǐxùn) (January 5, 1782 in Bullers Green, near Morpeth, Northumberland – August 1, 1834 in Guangzhou) was a Scottish missionary, the first Christian Protestant missionary in China.[1] After twenty-five years of work he translated the whole Bible into the Chinese language and baptized ten Chinese believers. Morrison pioneered the translation of the Bible into First Protestant Missionary to China Chinese and planned for the Born January 5, 1782 distribution of the Scriptures as broadly Bullers Green, Morpeth, Northumberland, as possible, unlike the previous Roman Catholic translation work that had England never been published.[2] Died August 1, 1834 (aged 52) Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Morrison cooperated with such contemporary missionaries as Walter Title D.D. Henry Medhurst and William Milne Parents James Morrison (the printers), Samuel Dyer (Hudson Hannah Nicholson Taylor's father-in-law), Karl Gutzlaff (the Prussian linguist), and Peter Parker (China's first medical missionary). He served for 27 years in China with one furlough home to England. The only missionary efforts in China were restricted to Guangzhou (Canton) and Macau at this time. They concentrated on literature distribution among members of the merchant class, gained a few converts, and laid the foundations for more educational and medical
    [Show full text]
  • UC Santa Barbara Dissertation Template
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Protestant Missions, Seminaries and the Academic Study of Islam in the United States A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Religious Studies by Caleb D. McCarthy Committee in charge: Professor Juan E. Campo, Chair Professor Kathleen M. Moore Professor Ann Taves June 2018 The dissertation of Caleb D. McCarthy is approved. _____________________________________________ Kathleen M. Moore _____________________________________________ Ann Taves _____________________________________________ Juan E. Campo, Committee Chair June 2018 Protestant Missions, Seminaries and the Academic Study of Islam in the United States Copyright © 2018 by Caleb D. McCarthy iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS While the production of a dissertation is commonly idealized as a solitary act of scholarly virtuosity, the reality might be better expressed with slight emendation to the oft- quoted proverb, “it takes a village to write a dissertation.” This particular dissertation at least exists only in light of the significant support I have received over the years. To my dissertation committee Ann Taves, Kathleen Moore and, especially, advisor Juan Campo, I extend my thanks for their productive advice and critique along the way. They are the most prominent among many faculty members who have encouraged my scholarly development. I am also indebted to the Council on Information and Library Research of the Andrew C. Mellon Foundation, which funded the bulk of my archival research – without their support this project would not have been possible. Likewise, I am grateful to the numerous librarians and archivists who guided me through their collections – in particular, UCSB’s retired Middle East librarian Meryle Gaston, and the Near East School of Theology in Beriut’s former librarian Christine Linder.
    [Show full text]
  • Edinburgh 1910: Friendship and the Boundaries of Christendom
    Vol. 30, No. 4 October 2006 Edinburgh 1910: Friendship and the Boundaries of Christendom everal of the articles in this issue relate directly to the take some time before U.S. missionaries began to reach similar Sextraordinary World Missionary Conference convened conclusions about their own nation. But within the fifty years in Edinburgh from June 14 to 23, 1910. At that time, Europe’s following the Second World War, profound uncertainty arose global hegemony was unrivaled, and old Christendom’s self- concerning the moral legitimacy of America’s global economic assurance had reached its peak. That the nations whose pro- Continued next page fessed religion was Christianity should have come to dominate the world seemed not at all surprising, since Western civiliza- tion’s inner élan was thought to be Christianity itself. On Page 171 Defining the Boundaries of Christendom: The Two Worlds of the World Missionary Conference, 1910 Brian Stanley 177 The Centenary of Edinburgh 1910: Its Possibilities Kenneth R. Ross 180 World Christianity as a Women’s Movement Dana L. Robert 182 Noteworthy 189 The Role of Women in the Formation of the World Student Christian Federation Johanna M. Selles 192 Sherwood Eddy Pays a Visit to Adolf von Harnack Before Returning to the United States, December 1918 Mark A. Noll The Great War of 1914–18 soon plunged the “Christian” nations into one of the bloodiest and most meaningless parox- 196 The World is Our Parish: Remembering the ysms of state-sanctioned murder in humankind’s history of 1919 Protestant Missionary Fair pathological addiction to violence and genocide.
    [Show full text]
  • Timeline of Great Missionaries
    Timeline of Great Missionaries (and a few other well-known historical and church figures and events) Prepared by Doug Nichols, Action International Ministries August 12, 2008 Dates Name Ministry/Place of Ministry 70-155/160 Polycarp Bishop of Smyrna 354-430 Aurelius Augustine Bishop of Hippo (Africa) 1235-1315 Raymon Lull Scholar and missionary (North Africa) 1320-1384 John Wyclif Morning Star of Reformation 1373-1475 John Hus Reformer 1483-1546 Martin Luther Reformation (Germany) 1494-1536 William Tyndale Bible Translator (England) 1509-1564 John Calvin Theologian/Reformation 1513-1573 John Knox Scottish Reformer 1517 Ninety-Five Theses (nailed) Martin Luther 1605-1690 John Eliot To North American Indians 1615-1691 Richard Baxter Puritan Pastor (England) 1628-1688 John Bunyan Pilgrim’s Progress (England) 1662-1714 Matthew Henry Pastor and Bible Commentator (England) 1700-1769 Nicholaus Ludwig Zinzendorf Moravian Church Founder 1703-1758 Jonathan Edwards Theologian (America) 1703-1791 John Wesley Methodist Founder (England) 1714-1770 George Whitefield Preacher of Great Awakening 1718-1747 David Brainerd To North American Indians 1725-1760 The Great Awakening 1759-1833 William Wilberforce Abolition (England) 1761-1834 William Carey Pioneer Missionary to India 1766-1838 Christmas Evans Wales 1768-1837 Joshua Marshman Bible Translation, founded boarding schools (India) 1769-1823 William Ward Leader of the British Baptist mission (India) 1773-1828 Rev. George Liele Jamaica – One of first American (African American) missionaries 1780-1845
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT Liang Fa's Quanshi Liangyan and Its Impact on The
    ABSTRACT Liang Fa’s Quanshi liangyan and Its Impact on the Taiping Movement Sukjoo Kim, Ph.D. Mentor: Rosalie Beck, Ph.D. Scholars of the Taiping Movement have assumed that Liang Fa’s Quanshi liangyan 勸世良言 (Good Words to Admonish the Age, being Nine Miscellaneous Christian Tracts) greatly influenced Hong Xiuquan, but very little has been written on the role of Liang’s work. The main reason is that even though hundreds of copies were distributed in the early nineteenth century, only four survived the destruction which followed the failure of the Taiping Movement. This dissertation therefore explores the extent of the Christian influence of Liang’s nine tracts on Hong and the Taiping Movement. This study begins with an introduction to China in the nineteenth century and the early missions of western countries in China. The second chapter focuses on the life and work of Liang. His religious background was in Confucianism and Buddhism, but when he encountered Robert Morrison and William Milne, he identified with Christianity. The third chapter discusses the story of Hong especially examining Hong’s acquisition of Liang’s Quanshi liangyan and Hong’s revelatory dream, both of which serve as motives for the establishment of the Society of God Worshippers and the Taiping Movement. The fourth chapter develops Liang’s key ideas from his Quanshi liangyan and compares them with Hong’s beliefs, as found in official documents of the Taipings. The fifth chapter describes Hong’s beliefs and the actual practices of the Taiping Movement and compares them with Liang’s key ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Bro Stephen Babu Testimony
    Bro Stephen Babu Testimony Lamellose Patricio depute overfreely and mutationally, she signal her Lennon squeals grandioso. Ungentlemanly Cornelius always wamble his puparium if Rourke is old-rose or whizzings apart. Ximenes remains manky after Jessee rewinds appeasingly or fatiguing any milestones. Cook sits in the abuse, with the cognitional theory analysis choices: a testimony bro rajasingh simon harris and two remaining on Testimony By Stephen Babu Srinivas October 31 2014 by Gurujoseph Categories Sermons Post navigation A Brief shower of Pastor Ophir Bro Yesanna. ICNT Acts of the Apostles An Exegetical and Contextual. Respondent Stephen Berko provided open and misleading information to New. Babu Bhatt played by Brian George An immigrant from Pakistan who owns the nearby Dream Caf. Alex is caught getting a web of distrust between two brother his noble friend. JayasudhaFilm Actress's Testimony at UECF PHOTOS UECF. TURNING TO approximate IN ACTS CSU Research Output Charles. The gaama gali within areas where yurgel is good caregiver towards a balance, we usually go hand over a team is committed towards restoration that archbishop alfred willis, bro stephen babu testimony! Pr Anish Mano Stephen Blemin Babu New TRshow. Both qualitative analysis is functioning schools at a testimony bro dinakaran to remain alive from. Never cross his singing a performance it to a testimony because his relationship with God. List of Seinfeld characters Wikiwand. Authorities learned with their owners vote to bro stephen babu testimony bro dinakaran to his position, but an ordained to. To the Diaspora Jews who disputed with Stephen 69-14270 Eventually this made him. Subscribe here to have faced by suryavir wants us for talent show me carry this testimony bro rajasingh simon harris, jesus precious name to congregate together.
    [Show full text]
  • Biblical Missiology: Class Notes
    Biblical Missiology: Class Notes 1. Introduction to Missiology Missiology is the study of Christian mission… especially cross-cultural mission. It considers how missionaries introduce the gospel to a new place, make disciples, and start churches. It draws on scholarship in the fields of biblical study, history, geography, sociology, psychology, linguistics, cultural anthropology, and in some contexts medicine and agriculture. Missiology is an interactive discipline. We interact with THEOLOGIANS (who know the Bible) and with MISSIONARIES (who know the people). A missiologist should challenge Bible scholars to be practical in the real world. A missiologist should also challenge missionaries to think biblically. To be a good missiologist, you will need an intelligent mind and a wide general knowledge. You will also need EXPERIENCE of mission work. If you have never been a MISSIONARY, you cannot be an effective MISSIOLOGIST. That would be like a car mechanic who never gets his hands dirty, or a cook who never goes into the kitchen. As students of biblical missiology, our responsibility is to consider: 1. How the gospel was defined and then proclaimed by Christ and his earliest apostles, 2. How the authentic gospel has been carried into all the world since then, 3. How we ourselves may be effective in proclaiming the gospel and discipling people from every ethnic group. World Trends, Opportunities and Strategies If we want to be effective in mission, we must address the issues of the modern world: 1. Increasing travel People travelling or living far from home will expect new experiences, choices, challenges and opportunities. They may be unsettled, traumatised, hopeful or ambitious.
    [Show full text]
  • Englischer Diplomat, Commissioner Chinese Maritime Customs Biographie 1901 James Acheson Ist Konsul Des Englischen Konsulats in Qiongzhou
    Report Title - p. 1 of 266 Report Title Acheson, James (um 1901) : Englischer Diplomat, Commissioner Chinese Maritime Customs Biographie 1901 James Acheson ist Konsul des englischen Konsulats in Qiongzhou. [Qing1] Adam, James Robertson (Dundee, Schottland 1863-1915 Anshun, Guizhou vom Blitz erschlagen) : Protestantischer Missionar China Inland Mission Biographie 1887 James Robertson Adam wird Missionar der China Inland Mission in China. [Prot2] Addis, John Mansfield = Addis, John Mansfield Sir (1914-1983) : Englischer Diplomat Biographie 1947-1950 John Mansfield Addis ist Erster Sekretär der britischen Botschaft in Nanjing. [SOAS] 1950-1954 John Mansfield Addis ist im Foreign Office der britischen Botschaft in Beijing tätig. [ODNB] 1954-1957 John Mansfield Addis ist Generalkonsul der britischen Botschaft in Beijing. [SOAS] 1970-1974 John Mansfield Addis ist Botschafter der britischen Regierung in Beijing. [SOAS] 1975 John Mansfield Addis wird Senior Research Fellow in Contemporary Chinese Studies am Wolfson College, Oxford. [SOAS] Adeney, David Howard (Bedford, Bedfordshire 1911-1994) : Englischer protestantischer Missionar China Inland Mission Biographie 1934 Ruth Adeney lernt Chinesisch an der Sprachenschule der China Inland Mission in Yangzhou (Jiangsu) ; David Howard Adeney in Anqing (Anhui). [BGC] 1934-1938 David Howard Adeney ist als Missionar in Henan tätig. [BGC] 1938 Heirat von David Howard Adeney und Ruth Adeney in Henan. [BGC] 1938-1941 David Howard Adeney und Ruth Adeney sind als Missionare in Fangcheng (Henan) tätig. [BGC] 1941-1945 David Howard Adeney und Ruth Adeney halten sich in Amerika auf. [BGC] 1946-1950 David Howard Adeney und Ruth Adeney sind für das Chinese Inter-Varisty Fellowship für Universitäts-Studenten in Nanjing und Shanghai tätig. [BGC] 1950-1956 David Howard Adeney und Ruth Adeney halten sich in Amerika auf.
    [Show full text]
  • INTEGRITY a Lournøl of Christiøn Thought
    INTEGRITY A lournøl of Christiøn Thought PLIBLISHED BY THE COMMISSION FOR THEOLOGICALINTEGRITY OF THE NATIONALASSOCIATION OF FREE WILL BAPTISTS Editor J. Matthew Pinson Pastor, Colquitt Free Will Baptist Church, Colquitt, Georgia Assistant Editor Paul V. Harrison Pastot Cross Timbers Free Will Baptist Church, Nashville, Tennessee Editoriøl Boørd Timothy Eaton, Vice-President, Hillsdale Free Will Baptist College Daryl W. Ellis, Pastor, Butterfield Free Will Baptist Church, Aurora, Illinois F. Leroy Forlines, Professor, Free Will Baptist Bible College Keith Fletcher, Editor-in-Chief Randall House Publications Jeff Manning, Pastor, Unity Free Will Baptist Church, Greenville, North Carolina Garnett Reid, Professor, Free Will Baptist Bible College Integrity: A fournal of Christiøn Thought is published in cooperation with Randall House Publications, Free Will Baptist Bible College, and Hillsdale Free Will Baptist College. It is partially funded by those institutions as well as a number of interested churches and indi- viduals. Integrity exists to stimulate and provide a forum fo¡ Cfuistian scholarship among Free Will Baptists and to fulfill the purposes of the Commission for Theological Integrity. The Commission for Theological Integrity consists of the following members: F. Leroy Forlines (chairman), Daryl W Ellis, Paul V. Harrisor¡ Jeff Manning, and f. Matthew Pinson. Manuscripts for publication and communications on editorial matters should be di¡ected to the attention of the editor at the following address: 114 Bremond Street, Colquitt, Georgia 37737.B-mail inquiries should be addressed to: [email protected]. Additional copies of the journal can be requested for $6.00 (cost includes shipping). Typeset by Henrietta Brown Printed by Rnndall House Publícations, Nøshz¡ille, Tennessee 37217 @ Copyright 2000 by the Commission for Theological lntegrity, National Association of Free Will Baptists Printed in the United States of America Contents Preface .
    [Show full text]
  • Report Title 16. Jahrhundert 17. Jahrhundert 18. Jahrhundert
    Report Title - p. 1 Report Title 16. Jahrhundert 1583 Geschichte : China - Europa : England Elizabeth I. schreibt einen Brief an den Kaiser von China um Kontakt aufzunehmen. [Hsia8:S. 220] 1596-1597 Geschichte : China - Europa : England Elizabeth I. schickt drei Schiffe nach China und gibt Benjamin Wood einen Brief an den Kaiser mit. Die Schiffe erleiden Schiffbruch im Golf von Martaban, Burma. [Hsia8:S. 220,LOC] 17. Jahrhundert 1625 Geschichte : China - Europa : England Engländer erreichen die chinesische Küste. [Wie 1] 1637 Geschichte : China - Europa : England Die ersten englischen Schiffe kommen an der Küste von Süd-Ost China an. [Stai 1] 1683-1684 Geschichte : China - Europa : England William Dampier durchquert die chinesischen Meere. [Boot] 1698-1701 Geschichte : China - Europa : England James Cunningham reist 1698 als Arzt einer Fabrik der British E.I. Company nach Amoy [Xiamen]. 1699 wird er Fellow der Royal Society und reist 1700 wieder nach China. 1701 erreicht er die Insel Chusan [Zhoushan]. 1699 Geschichte : China - Europa : England / Wirtschaft und Handel Gründung der British East India Company in China, was den Handel mit Hong Kong fördert. [Wik] 18. Jahrhundert 1766 Geschichte : China - Europa : England James Lind besucht Guangzhou und sammelt chinesische Gegenstände und Bücher. [Kit1:S. 59] Report Title - p. 2 1774-1784 Geschichte : China - Europa : England Huang Yadong hält sich in England auf. He is described as Wang-y-Tong, who worked as a page in the John Frederick Sackville's household at Knole and attended the local Sevenoaks School. Huang Yadong is known to have visited the naturalists Mary Delany and the Duchess of Portland at the latter’s country seat of Bulstrode, discussing Chinese plants and their uses with them.
    [Show full text]
  • Record of the Old Protestant Cemetery in Macau
    OLD PROTESTANT CEMETERY IN MACAU Cemetery opened 1821 Cemetery closed in 1858 The Old Protestant Cemetery close to the Casa Garden was established by the British East India Company in 1821 in Macau - in response to a lack of burial sites for Protestants in the Roman Catholic Portuguese Colony Macau was considered by the Portuguese to be sacred Roman Catholic ground and the authorities barred the burial of Protestants within its city walls whilst on the other side of the barrier gate the Chinese were equally as intolerant of the burial of foreigners in its soil This left the Protestant community of British, American and Northern European traders with the only option of a secret night-time burial in the land between the city walls and the barrier gate and the risk of confrontation with Chinese should they be discovered or worse - desecration of the grave once they had gone. The matter was finally resolved in 1821 after the death of Robert Morrison's wife Mary when the local committee of the East India Company voted to purchase a plot of land and resolve its legal status with the Portuguese such that the burial of Protestants would be permitted there Later the East India Company allowed burial of all foreigners and several graves were moved from other locations outside the city walls into the cemetery with people being reinterred from other burial places in the Macao Hillside thus explaining why some graves are dated before the Cemetery founding in 1821 Nationals of Britain, the United States of America, Holland, Denmark, Sweden and Germany
    [Show full text]
  • The Christian Society for the Study of Hinduism, 1940-1956: Interreligious Engagement in Mid-Twentieth Century India
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Unisa Institutional Repository THE CHRISTIAN SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HINDUISM, 1940-1956: INTERRELIGIOUS ENGAGEMENT IN MID-TWENTIETH CENTURY INDIA by RICHARD LEROY HIVNER Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject RELIGIOUS STUDIES at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: DR M CLASQUIN JUNE 2011 Acknowledgements This thesis is deeply indebted to many individuals, both historical and contemporary, who have lived in nebulous areas on the borderlands of Hinduism and Christianity. Some of them would object even to this illustration of their engagement with what have come to be understood as two different world religions, and perhaps they are better described as pilgrims in uncharted territory. Nonetheless, my debt and gratitude, particularly to those I am privileged to call friends. Many librarians and archivists have been helpful and generous in my researches over the years. Related to this thesis, particular thanks are due to the librarians and archivists at the United Theological College in Bangalore, the archivists of the CMS collection at the University of Birmingham, and the librarians and archivists at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London. The late Fr. James Stuart of the Brotherhood House in Delhi provided access to books and abundant encouragement, and his successors there have continued to provide hospitable access. Thanks are also due to Bishop Raphy Manjaly and Rev. Joseph D’Souza of the diocese of Varanasi of the Roman Catholic Church for making copies of The Pilgrim in their possession available to me.
    [Show full text]