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Japanese American Internment: a Tragedy of War Amber Martinez Kennesaw State University
Kennesaw State University DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects 4-21-2014 Japanese American Internment: A Tragedy of War Amber Martinez Kennesaw State University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Martinez, Amber, "Japanese American Internment: A Tragedy of War" (2014). Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects. Paper 604. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JAPANESE AMERICAN INTERNMENT: A TRAGEDY OF WAR A Reflexive Essay Presented To The Academic Faculty Amber Martinez In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in American Studies Kennesaw State University (May, 2014) 1 Japanese American internment in the United States during World War II affected thousands of lives for generations yet it remains hidden in historical memory. There have been surges of public interest since the release of the internees, such as during the Civil Rights movement and the campaign for redress, which led to renewed interest in scholarship investigating the internment. Once redress was achieved in 1988, public interest waned again as did published analysis of the internment. After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan began, American pride and displays of homeland loyalty created a unique event in American history. -
Roger Shimomura Interview
DePaul University Via Sapientiae Asian American Art Oral History Project Asian American Art Oral History Project 4-25-2013 Roger Shimomura Interview John Beale DePaul University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/oral_his_series Part of the Art Practice Commons, and the Fine Arts Commons Recommended Citation Beale, John. (2013) Roger Shimomura Interview. https://via.library.depaul.edu/oral_his_series/59 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Asian American Art Oral History Project at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in Asian American Art Oral History Project by an authorized administrator of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Roger Shimomura/ John Beale 1 Interviewer: John E. Beale II Artist: Roger Shimomura Phone Interview Chicago/Kansas Date: April 25, 2013 Note: The following interview was conducted by a DePaul University undergraduate student enrolled in AAS 203: Art and Artists in Contemporary Culture during the 2013 Spring Quarter as part of the Asian American Art Oral History Research conducted by Laura Kina, Associate Professor Art, Media, and Design. Artist Bio: (The following biography was taken from Roger Shimomura’s Press Release Biography on his website http://www.rshim.com/ ) Roger Shimomura’s paintings, prints, and theatre pieces address sociopolitical issues of ethnicity. He was born in Seattle, Washington and spent two early years of his childhood in Minidoka (Idaho), one of 10 concentration camps for Japanese Americans during WWII. www.gregkucera.com .gregkucera.comwww.gregkucera.com (The image above was taken from http://www.rshim.com/contact.htm ) Shimomura received a B.A. -
Remembering 'Camp Harmony'
THE NATIONAL NEWSPAPER OF THE JACL Oct. 6-19, 2017 Taiko drummers led the way to the George Tsutakawa sculpture “Harmony,” where a new sign was unveiled by Mayumi Tsutakawa. » PAGE 5 REMEMBERING » PAGE 4 California Governor ‘CAMP HARMONY’ Signs AB 491. Puyallup Valley JACL hosts the » PAGE 6 Spotlight: Race-Car 75th remembrance of the Driver Takuma Sato’s Puyallup Assembly Center. Need for Speed PHOTO: COURTESY OF PUYALLUP VALLEY JACL WWW.PACIFICCITIZEN.ORG #3308 / VOL. 165, No. 7 ISSN: 0030-8579 2 Oct. 6-19, 2017 NATIONAL HOW TO REACH US JACL Continues Opposition to Newly Issued Email: [email protected] Online: www.pacificcitizen.org Tel: (213) 620-1767 Mail: 123 Ellison S. Onizuka St., Immigration Ban Suite 313 Los Angeles, CA 90012 he JACL continues to brief to the Supreme Court (https:// STAFF oppose the Muslim country jacl.org/wordpress/wp-content/ Executive Editor travel ban. The addition of uploads/2017/09/JACL-Travel- Allison Haramoto Tthree more nations to the Muslim Ban-Amicus.pdf), the foundations Senior Editor country ban list does not alter the for this travel ban are weak at Digital & Social Media inherent flaws of the original order best, just like the case for mass in- George Johnston seeking to ban individuals based carceration of Japanese Americans ful treatment of a disfavored group. of any authority that can bring for- Business Manager Susan Yokoyama upon the majority religion of their during World War II. We call upon the courts to fulfill ward a plausible claim of an urgent their role in properly reviewing this need.” Korematsu, 323 U.S. -
Executive Order 9066: a Tragedy of Democracy
Presidential power, government accountability and the challenges of an informed—or uninformed—electorate Volume XVI, No. 2 David Gray Adler The Newsletter of the Idaho Humanities Council Summer 2012 Andrus Center for Public Policy Boise State University “Public discussion is political duty.” Executive Order 9066: A –Justice Louis Brandeis Tragedy of Democracy An Interview with Artist Roger Shimomura President Lyndon Johnson used his power to push through a tremendous agenda of Great Society legislation between 1963 and 1968. Photo Credit: Historical photos for this article provided by the National Park Service The Minidoka Relocation Center, near Jerome, Idaho, became Idaho’s seventh largest city between 1942 and 1945, when nearly yndon Johnson had barely assumed the American 10,000 Japanese Americans from the West Coast were interned during World War II. LPresidency when southern Senators, familiar with the By Russell M. Tremayne Texan’s vaulting ambition, counseled patience and warned him not to try to accomplish too much, too soon. Above all, College of Southern Idaho they sought to warn him away from the temptation to exploit Editor’s Note: In June of 2012, College of Southern most historians agree. Internment is so recent and the his presidential honeymoon–undoubtedly lengthened by the Idaho History Professor Russ Tremayne, along with the issues are so relevant to our time that it is vital to revisit national sorrow that stemmed from the assassination of President Friends of Minidoka and the National Park Service, the events that led to what Dr. Tetsuden Kashima called John F. Kennedy–to push the big ideas, big policies and big pro- planned the 7th annual Civil Liberties Symposium—this “Judgment Without Trial.” grams that had animated his politics as Senate Majority Leader. -
Chapter 2 Background of the Monument
Chapter 2 Minidoka Internment National Monument is located in south central Idaho, approximately 15 miles northeast of Twin Falls. From 1942 to 1945, the site was a War Relocation Authority (WRA) facility, which Background of the incarcerated nearly 13,000 Nikkei (Japanese American citizens and legal resident aliens of Japanese Monument ancestry) from Washington, Oregon, California, and Alaska. Today, the 72.75-acre national monument is a small portion of the historic 33,000-acre center. The national monument site is within Idaho’s second legislative district in Jerome County and is within a sparsely populated agricultural community. The authorized boundary of the national monument is defined by the North Side Canal to the south and private property to the north and west. The Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) retains the visitor services area parcel in the center of the national monument and the east end site parcel to the east of the national monument. nized that their jobs in farming, fishing, and timber History of the Internment and offered more opportunities than in Japan. By the Incarceration of Nikkei at turn of the century there were 24,326 Issei in the U.S. with a male to female ratio of 33:1. Between Minidoka Relocation Center 1901 and 1908, 127,000 Japanese came to the U.S., including wives, picture brides, and children who eventually evened out the gender and age Pre-World War II gaps (Daniels 1962: 1, Appendix A). Nikkei com- The prelude to the incarceration began with munities developed rapidly, establishing churches, Japanese immigration and settlement of the West businesses, hotels, and schools in nihonmachi, or Coast between 1880 and 1924. -
Diary: December 12, 1941 1980 Roger Shimomura Born: Seattle, Washington 1939 Acrylic on Canvas 50 1/4 X 60 In
February 2012 Diary: December 12, 1941 1980 Roger Shimomura Born: Seattle, Washington 1939 acrylic on canvas 50 1/4 x 60 in. (127.6 x 152.4 cm) Smithsonian American Art Museum Gift of the artist 1991.171 Not currently on view Collections Webpage and High Resolution Image Roger Yutaka Shimomura painted Diary, December 12, 1941, in response to his family’s internment/incarceration in Minidoka Relocation Center in Idaho during World War II. Researcher Liz interviewed Shimomura and learned about the experience of Japanese- Americans incarcerated in camps during World War II. • December 7, 1941 was the day that the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. What happened on December 12th? December 12th refers to the dating of an entry in the personal diary of Roger Shimomura’s grandmother, Toku Shimomura (1888-1968). Toku Machida Shimomura was born and raised in Japan and traveled to Seattle, Washington in 1912 as a “picture bride” in an arranged marriage to Yoshitomi Shimomura. Toku was a professional midwife and delivered her grandson, Roger, in 1939. Roger Shimomura told me that his grandmother kept fifty-six diaries but not all survive. Toku burned many of her diaries due to her fear that federal officials might find them. Because Shimomura does not read Japanese, he hired a graduate student to translate the diaries into English. His paintings in his Diary and American Diary series are based upon his grandmother’s reminiscences, including Toku’s entry from December 12, 1941: I spent all day at home. Starting from today we were permitted to withdraw $100 from the bank. -
Artist Roger Shimomura Sheds Light on Stereotypes
MEDIA RELEASE May 28, 2015 Media Contact: Julianna Verboort, 253-272-4258 x3011 or [email protected] Pop Art that Packs A Punch: Artist Roger Shimomura Sheds Light on Stereotypes Tacoma, WA – Tacoma Art Museum presents the work of Seattle native Roger Shimomura in An American Knockoff, featuring 53 paintings and prints on view June 20 − September 13, 2015. Shimomura’s style combines his childhood love of comic books and interest in American pop art with the traditions of Japanese woodblock prints, resulting in a contemporary American presentation that references his Japanese ancestry. His vibrant art conveys messages about politics, society, racism, and stereotypes, sparking conversation about Asian American identities. An American Knockoff reflects Shimomura’s experience of commonly being presumed a foreigner in his own country and culture. “Knockoff” refers to something cheaply made to resemble a more valuable original; with a knife-sharp wit, Shimomura’s work explores the perception of his identity as “less than” American. In the exhibition catalogue he explains, “Far too many American-born citizens of Asian descent continue to be thought of as only American knockoffs. This latest series of paintings is an attempt to ameliorate the outrage of these misconceptions by depicting myself battling those stereotypes, or in tongue-in-cheek fashion, becoming those very same stereotypes.” (Roger Shimomura, An American Knockoff, Copyright © 2014 Museum of Art/Washington State University.) He assumes the identities of real and imagined iconic American heroes − Superman, George Washington, Mickey Mouse − raising questions about what and who we consider to be American. He inserts himself as an impostor within or aggressor against stereotypes (for example, American vs. -
AAPI National Historic Landmarks Theme Study Essay 10
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior A National Historic Landmarks Theme Study ASIAN AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER ISLANDER AMERICAN PACIFIC ASIAN Finding a Path Forward ASIAN AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS THEME STUDY LANDMARKS HISTORIC NATIONAL NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS THEME STUDY Edited by Franklin Odo Use of ISBN This is the official U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identified to certify its authenticity. Use of 978-0-692-92584-3 is for the U.S. Government Publishing Office editions only. The Superintendent of Documents of the U.S. Government Publishing Office requests that any reprinted edition clearly be labeled a copy of the authentic work with a new ISBN. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Odo, Franklin, editor. | National Historic Landmarks Program (U.S.), issuing body. | United States. National Park Service. Title: Finding a Path Forward, Asian American and Pacific Islander National Historic Landmarks theme study / edited by Franklin Odo. Other titles: Asian American and Pacific Islander National Historic Landmarks theme study | National historic landmark theme study. Description: Washington, D.C. : National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 2017. | Series: A National Historic Landmarks theme study | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017045212| ISBN 9780692925843 | ISBN 0692925848 Subjects: LCSH: National Historic Landmarks Program (U.S.) | Asian Americans--History. | Pacific Islander Americans--History. | United States--History. Classification: LCC E184.A75 F46 2017 | DDC 973/.0495--dc23 | SUDOC I 29.117:AS 4 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017045212 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. -
View Brochure (PDF)
A NORTHWEST SUMMER MAY 4–OCTOBER 15, 2006 6 EXHIBITIONS * 1 CELEBRATION A NORTHWEST SUMMER Public Opening Celebration Saturday, May 6, 10 a.m.–5 p.m. The Northwest offers a great way of life and remarkable history that deserves to be appreciated in a big way. Our special exhibit, A Northwest Summer, will do just that. To kick off the tribute, we’re hosting a fusion of art activities and entertainment that contribute to making this region special. Come join the celebration—enjoy an art activity, watch an Asian art demonstration, listen to live music and shop the eclectic, uniquely Northwest crafts of “I Heart Rummage.” For more information, check out seattleartmuseum.org. Director’s Welcome As we look forward—to the opening of above: Trimpin, U.S.A., born Germany 1951, drawing for Picnics, Rhythms and Vacations installation, 2006; cover: Trimpin, The Orange Piano, Lake Union, the Olympic Sculpture Park this fall and Seattle, 2003. Photo: Theo Bernardi. In this work, a hydrophone records underwater sound pollution, creating an audio signal, which becomes information played automatically by the piano. to the re-opening of the expanded downtown museum next spring—we have naturally looked back, reflecting on the amazing seventy-five years of growth that Trimpin: Picnics, Rhythms and Vacations the Seattle Art Museum has experienced. August 8–October 15, 2006 Milestones of that history are noted in the timeline, putting the past in context for Picnics, Rhythms and Vacations, 2006, a new installation by musician, sculptor and composer Trimpin, the celebrations in Volunteer Park this will be presented at the Seattle Asian Art Museum. -
N Atio N a L Pa Rk S Erv Ice Interm Ou Nta in R Eg Io N 1 2795 W Est a La M
National Park Service FIRST CLASS MAIL Intermountain Region POSTAGE & FEES PAID 12795 West Alameda Parkway NATIONAL PARK SERVICE PO Box 25287 PERMIT NO. G-83 Denver, CO 80225 OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300 INSIDE THIS ISSUE 2015: A YEAR IN REVIEW – PRESERVING AND INTERPRETING WORLD WAR II JAPANESE AMERICAN CONFINEMENT SITES • Introduction • Overview of the Fiscal Year 2015 Grant Program Process STATUS OF FUNDING FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 2015 JAPANESE AMERICAN CONFINEMENT SITES GRANT CYCLE FISCAL YEAR 2015 GRANT AWARDS FISCAL YEAR 2015 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS BY STATE • Arkansas • California • Colorado • District of Columbia • Hawai’i • New York • Texas • Washington • Wyoming MAP OF GRANT FUNDING BY STATE, 2009-2015 GRAPH OF GRANT FUNDING BY SITE, 2009-2015 PROJECTS COMPLETED DURING FISCAL YEAR 2015 • Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation Creates Website to Share Stories of Japanese American Detainees on Angel Island • East Bay Center for the Performing Arts Shares Hidden Legacy of Japanese Traditional Arts in New Documentary • Densho Expands Reach of Teacher Training and Enhances Online Collection with Three NPS Grants • Friends of the Texas Historical Commission, Inc., Uncovers Artifacts at Crystal City Family Internment Camp • Heart Mountain, Wyoming Foundation Extends Reach of Incarceration Story with New Website • Japanese American Citizens League’s Bridging Communities Program Expands to Chicago • Japanese Cultural Center of Hawai‘i Uses Two NPS Grants to Engage Public with New Curriculum and Virtual Tour that Explore -
Perspectives Minidoka: Artist As Witness
asian diasporic visual cultures and the americas 3 (2017) 371-387 brill.com/adva Perspectives ∵ Minidoka: Artist as Witness: Images and Narrative in the Face of Fear John R. Ruff Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana, usa [email protected] From 8 October 2016 through 15 January 2017, the Boise Art Museum in Boise, Idaho hosted an exhibition entitled Minidoka: Artist as Witness, curated by Nicole Herden and June Black. The Minidoka War Relocation Authority Center (also referred to as Minidoka) was an incarceration camp where approximately 13,000 us residents of Japanese descent were detained during World War ii, the majority of them American citizens.1 Three of the artists featured in the exhibi- tion—Takuichi Fujii, Kenjiro Nomura, and Roger Shimomura—were detained there; two others—Wendy Maruyama and Teresa Tamura—were never sent to Minidoka, but they are connected to the camp through their art. The act of wit- nessing these artists provide, through their work on events that occurred more than seventy years ago has urgent relevance nationally and internationally, as the plight of immigrants and refugees fleeing violence and war becomes more dire each day, even as fear of global terrorism obstructs efforts to provide them aid and safe haven. Following his oft-cited 1933 statement that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself,”2 Franklin D. Roosevelt himself succumbed to wartime hysteria and signed United States Presidential Executive Order 9066 1 “Minidoka Concentration Camp: Looking Back 70 Years Later,” Densho, 28 October 2015, accessed 7 July 2017, http://www.densho.org/minidoka-concentration-camp-looking-back -70-years-later. -
Widening Circles | Photographs by Reginald Eldridge, Jr
JOAN MITCHELL FOUNDATION MITCHELL JOAN WIDENING CIRCLES CIRCLES WIDENING | PHOTOGRAPHS REGINALD BY ELDRIDGE, JR. Widening Circles Portraits from the Joan Mitchell Foundation Artist Community at 25 Years PHOTOGRAPHS BY REGINALD ELDRIDGE, JR. Sonya Kelliher-Combs Shervone Neckles Widening Circles Portraits from the Joan Mitchell Foundation Artist Community at 25 Years PHOTOGRAPHS BY REGINALD ELDRIDGE, JR. Widening Circles: Portraits from the Joan Mitchell Foundation Artist Community at 25 Years © 2018 Joan Mitchell Foundation Cover image: Joan Mitchell, Faded Air II, 1985 Oil on canvas, 102 x 102 in. (259.08 x 259.08 cm) Private collection, © Estate of Joan Mitchell Published on the occasion of the exhibition of the same name at the Joan Mitchell Foundation in New York, December 6, 2018–May 31, 2019 Catalog designed by Melissa Dean, edited by Jenny Gill, with production support by Janice Teran All photos © 2018 Reginald Eldridge, Jr., excluding pages 5 and 7 All artwork pictured is © of the artist Andrea Chung I live my life in widening circles that reach out across the world. I may not complete this last one but I give myself to it. – RAINER MARIA RILKE Throughout her life, poetry was an important source of inspiration and solace to Joan Mitchell. Her mother was a poet, as were many close friends. We know from well-worn books in Mitchell’s library that Rilke was a favorite. Looking at the artist portraits and stories that follow in this book, we at the Foundation also turned to Rilke, a poet known for his letters of advice to a young artist.