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Eight Segregates from the Neotropical Genus Mascagnia (Malpighiaceae)

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Eight Segregates from the Neotropical Genus Mascagnia (Malpighiaceae) William R. Anderson University of Michigan Herbarium, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287, U.S.A. [email protected] ABSTRACT . In the light of morphological and molec- nilles) W. R. Anderson, N. caracasana W. R. ular evidence that the genus Mascagnia is poly- Anderson, N. castanea (Cuatrecasas) W. R. Anderson, phyletic, eight segregate genera are described, N. glabra (Sprengel) W. R. Anderson, N. leucosepala discussed, and illustrated, the necessary new combi- (Grisebach) W. R. Anderson, N. lucida (A. Jussieu nations are proposed, and five new species are in A. St.-Hilaire) W. R. Anderson, N. mater-dei described (Amorimia camporum, A. kariniana, A. (Cuatrecasas) W. R. Anderson, N. metensis (Cuatre- septentrionalis, A. velutina, and Niedenzuella caraca- casas) W. R. Anderson, N. mogoriifolia (A. Jussieu in sana). Keys to genera and species are provided. The A. St.-Hilaire) W. R. Anderson, N. multiglandulosa genera and species are: Adelphia W. R. Anderson [A. (A. Jussieu) W. R. Anderson, N. peruviana (Niedenzu) hiraea (Gaertner) W. R. Anderson, A. macrophylla W. R. Anderson, N. poeppigiana (A. Jussieu) W. R. (Rusby) W. R. Anderson, A. mirabilis (W. R. Anderson, N. sericea (A. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire) W. Anderson) W. R. Anderson, A. platyrachis (Triana & R. Anderson, N. stannea (Grisebach) W. R. Anderson, Planchon) W. R. Anderson]; Aenigmatanthera W. R. N. suaveolens (A. Jussieu) W. R. Anderson, N. Anderson [A. doniana (Grisebach in Martius) W. R. warmingiana (Grisebach) W. R. Anderson]. Lecto- Anderson, A. lasiandra (A. Jussieu) W. R. Anderson]; types are designated for the following names: Alicia W. R. Anderson [A. anisopetala (A. Jussieu in Heladena hassleriana Niedenzu in Chodat & Hassler, A. St.-Hilaire) W. R. Anderson, A. macrodisca (Triana Hiraea anisopetala A. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire, Hiraea & Planchon) W. R. Anderson]; Amorimia W. R. glabra Sprengel, Hiraea heteropetala A. Jussieu, Anderson [A. amazonica (Niedenzu) W. R. Anderson, Hiraea multiflora Grisebach, Hiraea poeppigiana A. A. camporum W. R. Anderson, A. concinna (C. V. Jussieu, Hiraea pubiflora A. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire, Morton) W. R. Anderson, A. exotropica (Grisebach in Hiraea renidens A. Jussieu, Hiraea rigida A. Jussieu Martius) W. R. Anderson, A. kariniana W. R. in A. St.-Hilaire, Hiraea sericea A. Jussieu in A. St.- Anderson, A. maritima (A. Jussieu) W. R. Anderson, Hilaire, Malpighiodes Niedenzu, Malpighiodes spru- A. pubiflora (A. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire) W. R. ceana Niedenzu, Mascagnia sect. Pleuropterys Grise- Anderson, A. rigida (A. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire) W. bach in Martius, Mascagnia subsect. Sericopetalis R. Anderson, A. septentrionalis W. R. Anderson, A. Niedenzu, Mascagnia coriacea Grisebach in Martius, velutina W. R. Anderson]; Carolus W. R. Anderson Mascagnia exotropica Grisebach in Martius, Mascag- [C. anderssonii (W. R. Anderson) W. R. Anderson, nia jamaicensis Urban & Niedenzu, Mascagnia multi- C. chasei (W. R. Anderson) W. R. Anderson, C. glandulosa Niedenzu in Chodat & Hassler, Mascagnia chlorocarpus (A. Jussieu) W. R. Anderson, C. dukei parnahybensis Glaziou, Mascagnia sericans Niedenzu (Cuatrecasas & Croat) W. R. Anderson, C. renidens in Chodat & Hassler, Tetrapterys fraxinifolia A. (A. Jussieu) W. R. Anderson, C. sinemariensis Jussieu, Tetrapterys guilleminiana A. Jussieu, Tetra- (Aublet) W. R. Anderson]; Christianella W. R. pterys lancifolia A. Jussieu, Tetrapterys ligustrifolia Anderson [C. glandulifera (Cuatrecasas) W. R. Niedenzu, Tetrapterys lucida A. Jussieu in A. St.- Anderson, C. mesoamericana (W. R. Anderson) W. Hilaire, Tetrapterys martiana Niedenzu, Tetrapterys R. Anderson, C. multiglandulosa (Niedenzu in Chodat mogoriifolia A. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire, Tetrapterys & Hassler) W. R. Anderson, C. paludicola (W. R. multiglandulosa A. Jussieu, Tetrapterys punctulata A. Anderson) W. R. Anderson, C. surinamensis (Koster- Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire. mans) W. R. Anderson]; Malpighiodes Niedenzu [M. Key words: Adelphia, Aenigmatanthera, Alicia, bracteosa (Grisebach in Martius) W. R. Anderson, M. Amorimia, Carolus, Christianella, Malpighiaceae, guianensis (W. R. Anderson) W. R. Anderson, M. Malpighiodes, Mascagnia, Niedenzuella. leucanthele (Grisebach in Martius) W. R. Anderson, M. liesneri (W. R. Anderson) W. R. Anderson]; and Almost 20 Neotropical genera of Malpighiaceae Niedenzuella W. R. Anderson [N. acutifolia (Cava- produce samaras with lateral wings. The first such NOVON 16: 168–204. PUBLISHED ON 26 JULY 2006. Volume 16, Number 2 Anderson 169 2006 Segregates from Mascagnia genus to be described was Triopterys L. (1753), a small within Mascagnia as possible. Another former stu- West Indian group with Y-shaped samaras. Next came dent, Charles Davis, is now continuing that collabo- Hiraea Jacquin (1760), which had two-winged butter- ration. The resulting papers (Cameron et al., 2001; fly-shaped samaras, followed by Tetrapterys Cava- Davis et al., 2001, 2002) have provided dramatic nilles (1790) with an X-shaped samara, and then proof that Mascagnia sensu Niedenzu is indeed highly Mascagnia (Bertero ex DC.) Colla (1824), with an polyphyletic and must be divided up. In this paper I orbicular samara. Because the samara of Triopterys initiate that process by describing eight segregate was so distinctive, few used that name for the many genera and proposing the necessary new combinations lateral-winged species that soon began to be de- so that those names will be available for floristic scribed; the next-oldest name Hiraea was the one treatments now in preparation. employed for most species that did not fall into The morphological terminology used in the keys Triopterys or the equally distinctive Tetrapterys. and descriptions below conforms to that discussed in However, Hiraea is itself distinctive, with characters Anderson (1981). of the stipules and inflorescence that make it easy to The synonymies below are somewhat incomplete. segregate from the great diversity in this group of For fuller synonymies, see my database (Malpighia- plants. Adrien de Jussieu (1843) retained a broad ceae Nomenclature) on the website of the University concept of Hiraea, but he divided his Hiraea into of Michigan Herbarium (http://herbarium.lsa.umich. sections Hiraea and Mascagnia. Grisebach (1858) edu/). took the next step, restricting Hiraea to the species The following key to genera accounts for most of the treated as section Hiraea by Jussieu and placing all species Niedenzu treated under Mascagnia in his the remaining species in a broad Mascagnia. 1928 monograph. The numbers in parentheses Niedenzu (1928) followed Grisebach, with a restricted following leads refer to the species in Niedenzu’s Hiraea and an inclusive Mascagnia, attempting to treatment. Two of Niedenzu’s species are not deal with the variation in the latter by dividing the accounted for in this key: (1) his 35, Mascagnia genus into subgenera and sections. When I started to fluminensis (Grisebach) Grisebach in Martius, is now study the family at the New York Botanical Garden in referable to Heteropterys fluminensis (Grisebach) W. 1971, I soon realized that Niedenzu’s Mascagnia was R. Anderson; Niedenzu did not confuse Heteropterys an omnium-gatherum that could only be characterized HBK and Mascagnia, but he did not see the as all the Neotropical Malpighiaceae with lateral- diagnostic fruits of that species; (2) his Sp. Incert. 6, winged samaras, 10 fertile stamens, and internal Mascagnia spicigera (Turczaninow) Niedenzu in stigmas that do not fit into any of the well-delineated Engler, is referable to Gaudichaudia cynanchoides segregates such as Triopterys, Hiraea, Tetrapterys, HBK. Mascagnia s. str. is keyed, but not treated Jubelina A. Jussieu, and Mezia Niedenzu. More than further in this paper, nor are the genera Callaeum, a third of the species Niedenzu assigned to Mascagnia mentioned above, and Clonodia Grisebach in Martius, (his species 3–17) were morphologically coherent and which is related to Heteropterys. included the type of Mascagnia, so it was clear that a large bloc of species could be segregated relatively KEY TO THE GENERA INCLUDED UNDER MASCAGNIA BY NIEDENZU easily and that group would keep the name Mascag- (1928) nia. However, many species included by Niedenzu 1a. Lamina bearing glands in abaxial surface, between and others described since 1928 did not hold together midrib and margin. in one or even a few equally obvious segregates. It 2a. Stipules interpetiolar. seemed inevitable that if one started to split 3a. Lateral wings of samara membranous, Mascagnia, the result would be the recognition of as with strongly reticulate veins, in most species continuous at base and 6 many as a dozen genera, and I did not want to do that circular in outline (cleft to nut at base until I was sure those groups were not a diverse but in 2 species, chartaceous and strongly monophyletic clade. dissected in 2 species, completely lost in One of the most divergent groups was treated by 1 species); petals mostly glabrous (very Johnson (1986) under the name Callaeum Small. For rarely bearing a few abaxial hairs); fruit subtended by a smooth 3-lobed disc the rest, I decided to seek help from the then- (Niedenzu, 1928: species 3–5, 7–10, emerging field of molecular systematics. When, in the 12–14, 16, 17, Spp. Incert. 1, 5, 7) . late 1980s, I persuaded my former student, Mark ........................Mascagnia Chase, to initiate with me a molecular survey of 3b. Lateral wings of samara chartaceous,
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    2007 Contr. Univ. MichiganANDERSON Herb. 25: 137–166. & DAVIS: 2007. NEOTROPICAL MALPIGHIACEAE 137 GENERIC ADJUSTMENTS IN NEOTROPICAL MALPIGHIACEAE William R. Anderson University of Michigan Herbarium 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287 Charles C. Davis Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Herbaria 22 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138-2094 ABSTRACT. The genera Bronwenia W. R. Anderson & C. Davis and Calcicola W. R. Anderson & C. Davis are proposed to accommodate species segregated from Banisteriopsis and Mascagnia, respectively, and Cottsia Dubard & Dop is resurrected for the North American species formerly assigned to Janusia. All three genera are described, their morphology and relationships are discussed, and keys to the spe- cies are provided, with nomenclature for each species. For Calcicola and Cottsia distribution maps and descriptions of species are provided. The genus Clonodia is placed in synonymy under Heteropterys, with discussion of relationships, a key to clonodioid species, and nomenclature and a diagnostic description for each species. One new species is described [Bronwenia peckoltii W. R. Anderson & C. Davis] and 19 new combinations are proposed [Bronwenia acapulcensis (Rose) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. acapulcensis var. llanensis (B. Gates) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. brevipedicellata (B. Gates) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. cinerascens (Benth.) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. cornifolia (H. B. K.) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. cornifolia var. maracaybensis (Adr. Juss.) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. cornifolia var. standleyi (B. Gates) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. ferruginea (Cav.) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B. longipilifera (B. Gates) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis, B.
  • Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae: Evidence from Chloroplast NDHF and TRNL-F Nucleotide Sequences

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    Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae: Evidence from Chloroplast NDHF and TRNL-F Nucleotide Sequences The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Davis, Charles C., William R. Anderson, and Michael J. Donoghue. 2001. Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae: Evidence from chloroplast NDHF and TRNL-F nucleotide sequences. American Journal of Botany 88(10): 1830-1846. Published Version http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3558360 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:2674790 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA American Journal of Botany 88(10): 1830±1846. 2001. PHYLOGENY OF MALPIGHIACEAE: EVIDENCE FROM CHLOROPLAST NDHF AND TRNL-F NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES1 CHARLES C. DAVIS,2,5 WILLIAM R. ANDERSON,3 AND MICHAEL J. DONOGHUE4 2Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 USA; 3University of Michigan Herbarium, North University Building, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1057 USA; and 4Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208106, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 USA The Malpighiaceae are a family of ;1250 species of predominantly New World tropical ¯owering plants. Infrafamilial classi®cation has long been based on fruit characters. Phylogenetic analyses of chloroplast DNA nucleotide sequences were analyzed to help resolve the phylogeny of Malpighiaceae. A total of 79 species, representing 58 of the 65 currently recognized genera, were studied.
  • Avaliação Da Diversidade Nas Relações Entre Espécies De Larvas De Lepidoptera E As Espécies Vegetais De Malpighiaceae Em D

    Avaliação Da Diversidade Nas Relações Entre Espécies De Larvas De Lepidoptera E As Espécies Vegetais De Malpighiaceae Em D

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