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Complete Issue _____________________________________________________________ Volume 11 October 1996 Number 2 _____________________________________________________________ Editor Editorial Assistants John Miles Foley Michael Barnes Anastasios Daskalopoulos Scott Garner Lori Peterson Marjorie Rubright Aaron Tate Brandon Woodruff Slavica Publishers, Inc. For a complete catalog of books from Slavica, with prices and ordering information, write to: Slavica Publishers, Inc. Indiana University 2611 E. 10th St. Bloomington, IN 47408-2603 ISSN: 0883-5365 Each contribution copyright (c) 1996 by its author. All rights reserved. The editor and the publisher assume no responsibility for statements of fact or opinion by the authors. Oral Tradition seeks to provide a comparative and interdisciplinary focus for studies in oral literature and related fields by publishing research and scholarship on the creation, transmission, and interpretation of all forms of oral traditional expression. As well as essays treating certifiably oral traditions, OT presents investigations of the relationships between oral and written traditions, as well as brief accounts of important fieldwork, a Symposium section (in which scholars may reply at some length to prior essays), review articles, occasional transcriptions and translations of oral texts, a digest of work in progress, and a regular column for notices of conferences and other matters of interest. In addition, occasional issues will include an ongoing annotated bibliography of relevant research and the annual Albert Lord and Milman Parry Lectures on Oral Tradition. OT welcomes contributions on all oral literatures, on all literatures directly influenced by oral traditions, and on non-literary oral traditions. Submissions must follow the list-of reference format (style sheet available on request) and must be accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope for return or for mailing of proofs; all quotations of primary materials must be made in the original language(s) with following English translations. Authors should submit two copies of all manuscripts. Most contributions will be reviewed by at least one specialist reader and one member of the editorial board before a final decision is reached. Review essays, announcements, and contributions to the Symposium section will be evaluated by the editor in consultation with the board. Oral Tradition appears twice per year, in March and October. To enter a subscription, please contact Slavica Publishers at the address given above. All manuscripts, books for review, items for the bibliography updates, and editorial correspondence, as well as subscriptions and related inquiries should be addressed to the editor, John Miles Foley, Center for Studies in Oral Tradition, 316 Hillcrest Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211. Printed in the United States of America. EDITORIAL BOARD Patricia Arant Ruth Finnegan Brown University Open University Russian African, South Pacific Samuel Armistead Donald K. Fry University of California/Davis Poynter Institute Hispanic, comparative Old English Ilhan Başgöz Lee Haring Indiana University Brooklyn College, CUNY Turkish African Richard Bauman Joseph Harris Indiana University Harvard University Folklore Old Norse Franz H. Bäuml Melissa Heckler Univ. of Cal./Los Angeles New York Storytelling Center Middle High German Storytelling Roderick Beaton Dell Hymes King’s College, London University of Virginia Modern Greek Native American, Linguistics Dan Ben-Amos Elizabeth Jeffreys University of Pennsylvania University of Sydney Folklore Byzantine Greek Daniel Biebuyck Michael Jeffreys University of Delaware University of Sydney African Byzantine Greek Robert P. Creed Minna Skafte Jensen Univ. of Mass./Amherst Odense University Old English, comparative Ancient Greek, Latin Robert Culley Werner Kelber McGill University Rice University Biblical Studies Biblical Studies Joseph J. Duggan Robert Kellogg Univ. of Cal./Berkeley University of Virginia French, Spanish, comparative Old Germanic, comparative Alan Dundes Victor Mair Univ. of Cal./Berkeley University of Pennsylvania Folklore Chinese Mark W. Edwards Nada Milošević-Djordjević Stanford University University of Belgrade Ancient Greek South Slavic EDITORIAL BOARD Stephen Mitchell Burton Raffel Harvard University Univ. of Southwestern Scandinavian Louisiana Translation Michael Nagler Alain Renoir Univ. of Cal./Berkeley Univ. of Cal./Berkeley Ancient Greek, Sanskrit, (Emeritus) comparative Old Germanic, Old French, comparative Gregory Nagy Bruce A. Rosenberg Harvard University Brown University Ancient Greek, Sanskrit, Folk narrative, Medieval comparative literature Joseph Falaky Nagy Joel Sherzer Univ. of Cal./Los Angeles University of Texas/Austin Old Irish Native American, Anthropology Jacob Neusner Dennis Tedlock Brown University SUNY/Buffalo Hebrew, Biblical Studies Native American Felix J. Oinas J. Barre Toelken Indiana University Utah State University Finnish, Russian Folklore, Native American Isidore Okpewho Ronald J. Turner State Univ. of New York Univ. of Missouri/Columbia African, Ancient Greek Storytelling Walter J. Ong Ruth Webber St. Louis University (Emeritus) University of Chicago Hermeneutics of orality and (Emerita) literacy Spanish, comparative Svetozar Petrović Michael Zwettler University of Novi Sad Ohio State University South Slavic, Critical theory Arabic Contents Editor’s Column...................................................................................... 173 Mary Ellen Brown The Mechanism of the Ancient Ballad William Motherwell’s Explanation ...............................................175 Burton Raffel Who Heard the Rhymes, and How: Shakespeare’s Dramaturgical Signals.......................................... 190 Robert Henke Orality and Literacy in the Commedia dell’Arte and the Shakespearean Clown ......................................222 Erik Pihel A Furified Freestyle: Homer and Hip Hop .....................................................................249 Thomas A. DuBois The Kalevala Received: From Printed Text to Oral Performance ......................................270 J. Scott Miller Early Voice Recordings of Japanese Storytelling ........................301 Leslie K. Arnovick “In Forme of Speche” is Anxiety: Orality in Chaucer’s House of Fame ...........................................320 Bruce Louden A Narrative Technique in Beowulf and Homeric Epic ........................................................................346 R. Scott Garner Ei Pote: A Note on Homeric Phraseology ....................................363 Merritt Sale In Defense of Milman Parry: Renewing the Oral Theory............ 374 About the Authors ...................................................................................418 Index to Volume 11 .................................................................................420 Editor’s Column The first item of business for this Editor’s Column is in fact business. With the present issue Slavica Publishers moves from its longstanding temenos in Columbus, Ohio to the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures at Indiana University, Bloomington. The most immediate consequence of this change in venue is the change in address for subscriptions, back issues, and other matters relating to publication. For these purposes, please write to: Slavica Publishers, 2611 East 10th Street, Bloomington, IN 47408-2603. The web site address remains the same (http://www.slavica.com), but the new telephone number is 812-856-4186 (fax 812-856-4187). All editorial correspondence—including manuscripts submitted, books for review, inquiries, and so forth—should continue to be sent to the Center for Studies in Oral Tradition at the University of Missouri- Columbia. Our contact numbers and addresses appear at the end of this column. The second item of business is a consequence of the first. After more than ten years of rewarding collaboration, I take this opportunity to thank the former president of Slavica Publishers, Professor Charles E. Gribble of Ohio State University, for his creative and generous support of our journal. Oral Tradition became a reality in 1986, due largely to his timely agreement to help us get started, and Professor Gribble’s staunch support through the years has enabled our publications program to develop in ways that could not be foreseen at the outset. It is modest enough recompense for more than a decade of such faithful stewardship, but I would like to dedicate this issue of Oral Tradition to him in gratitude for his enormous efforts on its behalf. Indeed, the present issue may perhaps stand as a worthy tribute to Chuck Gribble in one particular way. Eleven years ago the journal was founded to provide a forum for comparative exchange, a kind of “pituitary gland” to help organize a cross-disciplinary discourse that often suffered from reinventing the wheel. In these first ten annual volumes of OT, an electronic index to which will soon be available at the web site maintained by the Center for Studies in Oral Tradition (www.missouri.edu/~csottime), we have tried to bring scholars from disparate areas into an unprecedented, productive dialogue. Issue 11, ii illustrates this editorial policy, treating a rich variety of oral traditions and performances, from ballads to Shakespeare to Japanese storytelling, medieval English poetry, Finnish narrative, and African American rap music. Our editorial premise is clear: the best
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