Alumni Bulletin Was Issued

ALUMNI

BULLETIN

INTERMOUNTAIN

DISTRICT In his last official message written in the Service Bale tin, Col. Greeley says he will always use *wen in speaking of the porest Service. You who have also left the Service still have a sense of proprietorship in the organization, either through contacts with the Forest Service personnel or on account of your familiarity with and approval of the organizationh attempts to contribute to the coGuni- ties 1 welfare,

The Service, on thetother hand, will always feel that each ex-officer is still a part of it. In fact, history has shorn that men leaving the organization have been and still are a mighty potent force back of the whole conservation movement. pinchot, Graves and now Greeley, while out of the Service technically, are staunch sup- porters of what it stands for and are still imbued with its idealism. You, too, while technically in other Vocations, still possess those same ideals which induced you to enter the Service.

The messages in the following pages represent our wishes to keep in touch with you; to stimulate your desire and. we believe, 1 your right, to say nwes when speaking of the Forest Service. R*H*R* ACCOUNTS

During the past year the task of figuring the interest up to June 30, 1927 03 all retirement deductions for all employees was imposed on the fiscal organization. It is planned to k~ ep this mork up to date in the future. Jhst how it will be handled has not yet been been definitely decided.

yl i bother job which has been planned for the last four or five . i' years was canpleted Curing July, 1927. This vas the much-talked-of and long-waited FA Section of the D-4 Randbook. This makes it easy for the Fiscal Bgent, sir,zz nm when there is anything wrong with an ex- pense account or an7 o31:r voucher, all that is necessary is to send along a little f or:^, check what is wrong and refer them to page so- and-so of the Haildbook.

The District Fiscal Agont and two of his assistants are still continuing to make auCiLs and inspections of supervisors~officbs. Thirteen offices h~vebeen visited duri~gthe present fiscal yoar. The tendency is more and more toward hel2ful instructions and keeping the field clerks and administrative men posted as to what they can and c&mot do f iscallq.

As repoi ted last year the number of suspensions being made by the C~mptrollerGeneral in the accounts of the District Fiscal Agent hdve been greatly reduced. Very little troub1.e is being experienced at the present time with the General Accounting office. This is certainly gratifying to everybody concerned.

Donfit misunderstand the above remarks about the comptroller General, since it seems that as time goes on more and more decisions are being regularly ground out by that officer and his assistants* Everybody is becoming accustomed to this, however, and it does not ' bother them as it did several years ago.

FOREST MANAGEMEW

The timber business in District 4 is due for a decided increase during the next few years. ma are now advertising the Horse Creek tie chance on the Wyoming Forest and the gnithts Fork tie chance on the Wasatch. The first is for 250,000 ties a year for five years and the second is for 150,000 ties a year for 10 years, mere is every reason to believe that both chances will sell and the cutting operations will start by midsummer. The Boise-Payette Lumber Company has applied for a block of some 25,000,000 feet, mostly yellow pine, on the Eioise Forest and this is being appraised for advertisement. Other than these three sales our business is just about as usual,.

Interest in the studies phase of Forest Management is definitely on the up grade. We now have some thing over 75 pe manent thinning and flgrowth after cutting" plots, as well as a good number of plots to study the effect of grazing on reproduction. The work is being done very largely by the rangers. We are making progress in our timber survey work. me payette Lakes Working Circle on the Idaho Forest and the South Fork of payette circle on the Boise and payette ~orestswere completed last year. Work on the Island Park circle on the Targhee, south Fork of Boise on the Boise and Sawtooth, 2nd Go~ncilcircle on the Yeiser will b- cofitin&d this year. A lot of area ic, being covered bj. the regulsr force on the forests. The V7ei.ser Forest has completely recruised Mann Creek, the Cache has covered a lot of area, the Lemhi has cruised Vet Creek, Methodist Creek and Morse Creek and so on dom the line. Looks like all of the jobs which csed to be done by the Forest Assistant are being absorbed by the ranger force.

One- of oar major p~cblcnsnow is insect control. Perhaps we used to have just a hqd b~gr~ndition but didnft see it or maybe we thought control impossikls , XOW we are going right after evety in-. festation as soon as if: 13 discovered, Te have control projects going on the Cache, Ashley an6 Targhee this spring. There are about 4,000 trees to cut and bcrn on he Targhee job alone. There is a big infestation in lodgeple 'pire on the Challio, Salmon, payette and f daho back country thaC is beyond the possi5ility of control, We can only hope that natural causes vil.1 reduce t3c bugs before the bigger , part of our lodgepole pine on these forests is k~iled. Five of our Assistant Supervisors are nom in Dis trict 1 on an insect control detail on the Beaverhead Fo!?est. That District has about 500 men working trying to cut off tke southward spread of a big infestation in lodgepole pine. The day is about here when we will consider a small insect infestation about like we consider a small fire.

The personnel in Forest Management continues to change. Lyle Watts, who has been the second man in for two years, quit on I~~JT31 and his place was taken by Supervisor Sanford of the Caribou. .Watts is trying his hand at teaching forestry at the Utah Agricultural College at Logan, Utah, We get a new crop of Junior Porbsters ,every year and ahove them into ranger districts as fast as they are ready and can be spared. Six Junior Foresters took over ranger die tricts this spring.

You will recall the old type ranger meeting where we all met in some town and talked about the Manual, We still have ranger meetings but we hold them in the woods, Ve talk some but the big features are marking timber, scaling logs, s ilvicultural treatment of the stands, etc. in Forest Management meetings and similar field work in other meetings. Ve have covered the entire district with this type of meeting and this year the rangers on six forests will attend their second field ranger meeting in Forest Management. The plan is to get around the circle once in four years.

The yesterdays are gone and with them xany of the problems of the times, Experiences and cancrete examples have impressed the J'une 11 applicant with. the fact that in many cases his dreams of ~uccessfulfanning within the forests were nightmares. That the Service wan a party to this erroneous idea is proven by the large nmbe- of ab;a&ned homesteads ztr2.3. t:ls prezencc oC i>l:mt'i-oUs unentered listed tracts. self-evideri; and proven n!iutaltas of the yester.?Lzys are being corrected today. 'itk ldgislat ton mas xi~inailym cessary and ap- propriate but it h~sowtlived its ussfulness a~dmsjr i: rest in peace in the interzsk of ami fcr the especial benefit of the deluded a2pli- . cant. The same chcline is r,o%cd in a~~7i.cati3~rsfor patcnt to agricultural. entries wd tne i1~?rk3dcharacteristic of th3 shoning indicates a aesire to co~lplymitb the I.etter but not the spirit of .t'ne la^,

Kaving, 2ur ?.n,;. Kx xs sterdnys , dis~osedof the agricultural land vi.tJbin the f 02 F;:? :; the ma,,j,n activity t0d-w is to acquire through exchafige %he prlv~-Myowwl 12,nds within the forests whi2h are of p3:irno importance in jF;rn~t. gmvth end admin:st~a.i;icn. ?'he pr1ncipa.l object of the law was to batter National F~restconditions and the a?.;thors thereof ha& th", and not the particular advantqes of the wivate owner i2 ~ni-i~d.It was never the intention that the private owners should receive more fram the Federal ~ovmmentthan a gane and normal market mould narrant , '[Equal Value11 nas and is the abiding spirit.

It is difficclt t&ay to keep pace with the demands of the tourist and the recrcrkiiox;ic; t , He f olloas the road cretv like the sea gull the plow. Re is imbued with the American pioneering spirit and wants to see the end of every road no matter how poor the travel or the purpose for which the mad mas built. His ecpipent includes niatches and generally cigarettes and he is at least not over-cautious in preventing fire. He scatters empty cans and camp debris to the four minds of heaven. Education accompanied by sterner methods may remedy these faults as they are believed to be acts of carelessness and not wantonness. Much in the way of improvement and cooperation is being secured in these matters and still better days are looked forward to.

The Rubaikat of mar nayyen is no longer quoted and as a classic it was supp~se2to have been shelved long prior to the advent of the Eighteenth Amendment but not so. Its spirit in part still lives. The wilderness mu$ t bc perpetuated. The thud of the ax and the twang of the saw must give ;wy to tha chirp of the sq~irreland the hoot of the owl. Roads are incumbrances and man must not be trammeled with conveniences or restrictions but left to roam at pill. 1

1% Book of Verses underneath the Bough, A Jug of mine, a Loaf of Bread- -and Thou Beside me singing in the Vilderness-- Oh, Wilderness were paradise enow 11 *. More and more attention is being given erosion. Its destruct ion is Legion and its problems varied, Many inhstries are affected-. silt and debris are washed into reservoirs and irrigation ditches, 2 be' gravel and refuse .are washed onto cultivated fields, roads are washed out, f craze is destroyed, domestic wter supply is befouled, f ishi~g is depleted, and flood conditions are not urmsual. Aided by the under- sta.ndirAgmind and cooperation of -;;he press and the people interested the problem is being attacked froni its many different angles.

FISH AND GAME

The estimates for 1927 indicate about the same number of deer in Idako, a very cons i& rabli: Incr2ase in both deer and elk in Utah and a rather s-zI2r,fastts-rycor,dlt;icn with other game, Over 2,000 antelope ar9 no;{ repor52u rbu?-nthe Lemhi Forest, In 'Ivyoming a limited nuaber of special licnnses K~.X issued for hunting buck antelope. In a sirnilm msnnar spcc id~7,icensea were issued in certain counties in Idah3 fcr mountain shaep. Excnpt for a few cases where small, .isolated herds exist, big gome secms to be increasing satisfactorily.

Upland game birds, even nhere very well protected, are no more than holding their om. Aparently detailed studies are necessary if the factors affectirg game birds are to be definitely determined and remedial action taken.

In all the intemountain states there wss an increase in fish culture work but probably not suf f icitiat. to kc ep a,hed of the in- creasingly large number of fishermen, particul~rlyfor the eaq ily ac- ceasfble streamsc

%&re has been a considerable development of the rearing ponds, partlicularly by game associa,tions, where fish are held and fed until several inches long before being released. Some difficulty is experienced in obtaining proper food and care which are essential, In , a few cases where there is a good sized pond available with natural food and stocking is only to the capacity of this food, excellent results have been obtained,

A crornrnission acting under the presidentts committee an Outdoor Recreation, and representing all interests involved, determined upon ' a definite program for undertaking the management of the Jackson Hole Elk Herd. Mr. 0. 3. Murie of the Biological Survey is making a detailed study of the herd. ka interesting repork on this elk herd was published by the National Conference on Outdoor Recreation, ??aniasbington, D, C. In connection with this work, Supervisor McCain of the 'peton Forest spent several weeks in Vashing t on.

Early in 1927 the ~ederalCourt in 50s Angeles made a decision regarding the Kaibab deer case. mis decision gave the Forest Service authority to reduce the number of deer there in any way or any time they saw fit in order to protect the .forest and to transport them within or without the state of Arizona, except that this would not authorize the licensing of hunters to kill deer in violation of the state laws. me case is under appeal so no attempt mas made to exercise The Fire Season o;f 3.,92'7

The winter of 1926-27 nas charact eriz- d by uous~~~.llyabundant snowfall over the Inte-cr~o;lr,tsi.ndistrict. A'. the close of the winter. the snow f iel6s wcr? extensive acd the show reil packed arid h~d -more than a no*mal na,ttr content. ,',Frng aas lete in comi.::g and the early summer was cool. and ~qaipp. As s cc.n4;eq:xen3e the lorq:.~tof the normal ffre season WES a peri.~dcf :.elati:!ely low firs hazard. At the beginning cf ,%ly the weat.hs: "bccaae hct 2nd dry mil-h normally high fire hazard which conzi:lued in most local iti es until docut ~&ust 15 wher. rcin stnzn; cccurred bre2k~n.gcp the m~infire season. Lookouts and fire gaards vere called in dw ing the early part of september, On? jr 3'35 f l1-9~occured withiY t!le f ;rests cluing 1927 compared with 64R in I926 and ovr hlgn record of 752 is 1924. Th3 area burned in 1927 ~,r,i:~:-;inthe forests to2.aled &Ti3 acres compared with 9,325 acres in 1576. Dmlege tc fo'rert values and cost of fire suppression were correspondingly low in 1927.

Each spring a nmber of the fir'e forests assemble their fire protection guards inl~ediacclybefbre the openix of the fire season and conduct a fire protection trainins courst. uf from three to five days in which tr3iniric work the forest s~~pervisarsand the' 03d-time rangers take an active park. For two '?cars ~ost, conditicns hare permitted us LG arwid- sme of ths additional articles of standard fire fighting equipsat bnUy needed in our yrctest ioz nork. Coc~eration - of the U. S. W~ai;F^rgilreav. at Boise ar,d C;an Framisco in tile issllsnce of da.ily fire weather forecasts for our local sections was contirad in 1927, mese several factors have assisted materially to meet the fire protection problem with greater success and it would be unusual under present conditions to burn on District 4 forests in any yeer, more than 1/40 of 1% of the total forest area in the aistrict of approximately ' 31 million acres. Te bellroe we have the fire protection work well in hand but will be ever on the look out to improve this situation.

Personnel Matte=

The turn-cver i:~pmsonml is becaning less. From 1923-1927 the turn-over dm t~ .~135ig:iEL~j0;2~,termiaation of appointments, reductions, and transfer13 3zlcc.n';ed to an average of one, which is less than 1$ per year aa~ligthe z~pervisors,an average of one or 6% among the Deputy Supervisors, ax zvei-age of 23 or 15% among the ores st Rangere, an average of 15 or 30$ among the clerical employees, and an average of 10 or 18% among oo:her classes of employees.

During fiscal year 1023 to date, the turn-over in the Supervisorst positions has been nil. Three of our Depulties have resigned, Thornton C. Taylor going from the Tasatch Forest to the University of Idaho as an instructor in the Forestry school, A. A. Casner of the Idaho ores st purchasing the Burgdorf Hat Springs resort located within the ores st, and Charles Brwkett returning to his old home to conduct the affairs of the fanily fern of his aged parents. Sixteen Forest Rangers have left the Forest Service since last July. Among these is Ranger Rudolph Rosencrans of the Teton Forest who has become almost completely blind, and Ranger John Ba,rnar? of the Fishlake Forest who retired last Janucry at the age of sixty-two years. This is the first retirement in District 4 that is authorized by a recent amendment to the ~etirement Act. Eight olerks and five othg r employees have left the Service this fiscal year in addition to the above. Among these is Mr. Lyle F. Watts who is leaving our District Office of Forest Managenent to take charge of the newly estabfished ,Forestry school at the Utah Agricultural Collegeb Mr. Oscar Torgeson, a chief surveyor in our Ergineering branch, has transferred to the Madison Laboratory, and Bert R. Lexen, Junior Forester, has transferred from the Weiser Forest to special work ii2 District 3, Frank Tright, who acted as mail clerk and messenger for a number of years has transferred to the San Francisco office in . the same class of work,

, The efficiency of our District 4 organization is increasing from year to year. In 1921, (Re carried 189 Forest Rangers in ~istrict 4, while at the present time, the work is being done by 137 Ptangers, This reduction in Ranger positions has resulted in consolidations of ranger districts until at the present time, an average ranger district in the Intermountain section includes about 225,000 acres. This re- , duction in Rangers has required an increase in short-tern summer forest guards from 141 in 1321 to 215 in 1928, Rowever, the net saving in-amount and cost of the ranger and guard personnel is very considerable. The size of the clerical organization on the National Forests has not been reduced, but a lot of additiolral work has been imposed upon this organization. Iiowever, in the District off ice where lies the greatest opportunity to conserve on clerical help, the organization has been reduced from 29 clerks in 1921 to 17 clerks in 1928. -6- PUBLIC P~ATIONS

The public took more part in herican Forest veek this year than ever before. In this District 159 people outside the Forest Service gave 245 talks to 30,000 people. In a3dition. programs were condm tea pretty generally in the schools. Newspapers also carried over 100 more articles than ever before.

The interest in forestry is growing rapidly* Congress has taken big strides in forestry legislation this year, with the following to its credit:

The Woodruff-h!cXary Bill authorizing appropriations of $2,000,000 for 1929 and $3,000.CC9 esch for 1930 and 1931 for the purchase of forest lands. The secretsry submitted to the Bureau of the Budget the request thab an item of $l,OOO,OOO for the purchase of forest lands be incorporated in the next deficiency Bill.

The McNary-Mcweeney Bill e s tab1ishes and outlines a ten-year progrm for forest research. A little more than $1,000,000 is now being expended by the Fedsral Government each year for this purpose. Under the terns of the ~c~meeney-McuaryBill this amount may be increased each year by abmt $250,000 un ti1 the maximum annual expenditwe of $3,500,000 is reached. A11 classes of forest research are contemplatec by the bill, including investigat ims in grovring, managing and utilizing timber, forage and other forest products, wa'ershed protection, fire prevention, insects and disease. he various lines of research con- templated mill bs conducted by several bureaus of the department, including the Forest Service, the Bureau of plant Industry, the Bureau of Entomology, the ~iologicalSurvey, the Weather BGreau, the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, and the mreau of Agricultural Economics. !Fhb McSWeeney-McNary Bill was backed by a wide spread, aggressive pub1 ic interest from all parts of the United States and representing widely diversified groups, including many Chambers of Coflrne rce and development associ€itions, the lumber and wood-using industries , nature, outdoor and recreation groups and womenls clubs* The bill provides for 12 Regional experiment stations, one of which will be located in the Intermountain Region, cotnposed of south Idaho, Utah, etc.

Trainiqg forest officers now includes 10 Manual Review &nd 14 general courses on the various forest activities. After completion ' of these studies, the forest officerls plans and work are inspected in the field and an oral examination given to determine his ability to apply the information gleaned from his studies. Those completirg the training satisfactorily and having resource plans that work, receive a certificate of Practicing Forester. Ranger Claud Shannon of the Targhee Fu~esthas the distinction of receiving the first and only certificate vhich mill bear Col. Greeleyfs signature, Fourteen other men have completed the courses and are to have an inspection of their work this year. The Utah Agricultural Collega has started a four-year course in forestry, vnhich wj ll prerr~re sfud.onts for either the Junior Forester or Junior Range Exminer p~;j.tior.s. I,yIilt: F* ~itts,fcrmer assistant in Fcres t Manage~nmt, is tlo hesd the schocl , beginning Zulgr 1.

Tell, another year E:R~rolled around and the branch of Range Management is still doirz 'w~jnessin spite af the buffetings it has been subjected to because of raage hppraisal. Last year me told you that early in 1927 the Secrekry $2 t:g~icnltureqprowd the new gr& zing fees as worked out by range ap~a~salnathods, but we could go ahead andmake mocliflcati~nswhere justified. As a result the schedule was overhaulea and seve~alof t'no hlgh po'nts were knocked off. Be- ginnirg with this year the stochclne.rl a.r$ pa>-ing the old fees plus one- fourth the increase. The fuli iwrease is to be in effect in 1931. In4931 the average fees fcr the Cistrict rill be 16 cents a month for cattle and 4.3 cents a month for sheep.

mree range m~nagementfield meetings were held last summer, one at the Great Basin Eaxyer%nent S$atiion where half the Supervisors were in attendance. ~ostof them were from Irtaki~. You should see those hard-boiled old Suyers. g3-b dovn on their bees and count the grass on a quadrat i A ranger nte ting was held at the Wolf Creek Sum- mit on the Uinta by the men on the Ashley, TJinta and WasaCUch. Another ranger meeting was heid at Trail Ha S. on the Blackfoot River on the Caribou by the Cazhe, CariCcil and :dinidoka men. Mar.y of then are now getting so tfhigh hruW that they no longer say grass and weeds, but say &ro=ron SJ ;cst;rm and ae~gc5-osersaa*

Wing the past six or seven years a lot of the cattlemen have gone out of the cattle ?msiuess and are now rvmirg sheep. cattle prices were pretty gsc& Iss$ fall so the excharges f~ornc~ttle to sheep have slowed up rr.~;tt i-ietlp. However, Ci??re were several exchanges made during We ywi few months * Picture in your imaginstion same of those old sheep li:i ,~rc,you used to know who rode around on a horse and wore high-h~eledboots now wearing hob nails and chasing the woollies out of the brush. In 1927 there were established preferences for 348.915 head of cattle and horses and 2,616,716 head of sheep and goats. !These stock were covered by 7,750 pml ts for cattle and horses and 3,144 permits for sheep and goats. Only tno srcGl hprds of goats were grazed on the forests in the Districts, one on the Veiser and the other on the Mxie. ,

Elimination of trespassing stock has been prosecuted with a vengeance the past thrae years. A few years ago we secured a new regulation rherzky tFe Forest Service czn inpound trespassing stock' and sell those thzt are not cl.ained. Nearly 2400 head of cattle and horses have kran t,al:ll:d wder that regulat~on. Over 2000 of the animals were licr~an, %rSLess to say the Iiederal Treasury is not becoming over:o~&5 wi ci~fmds from these sales as many of the horses do not bring more the:: on8 dollar per head. Where the horses are wild unclaimed mus tangs and,the trespass regulations will not work effectively, orders may be secured from the Secretary of &ric73;ture to dispose of them by other means, including killing if necessary. menty-five hundred head of horses have been disposed of in that way. ~ost of them were on the Nevada and ~oiyabe Bores ts . Stodhen are taklng more and more interest in maintaining and building up their allotments. 'It used to be that we were criticized for not allowing more stock on the forests. Now we sometimes get criticized by stockmen for allowing too many animals on the forests.

Overstocked ranges and the problems of how to reduce the numbers without causir,g too much friction or hardship on the permittees Was at one time the cmse of the range man~gementmen getting gray hairs prematurely, but they are mostly solved. L There have been many bills introduced in Congress during the present session to provide for regulation of grazing on the public domain, but none of them have received much cons ideration by Congress

Messrs. Ernest Winkler, J. 0. stewart, A. R. standing, and Miss Luella Christensen make up the District Office personnel. *ere are seven Range Examiner positions scattered over the ~istrictwhich are rather difficult to keep filled due to promotions to other positions. During the past year two Range Examiners have been promoted to District Rangers and one to an Assistant Supervisorship. -ROADS During the past 16 years approximately 3.300 miles of Rat ional Forest roads in District 4 have been built at a cost of approximately $10,300,000, and approximately 8,350 miles of trails at a cost of approximately $880,000. Since 1912 the Forest Service has had four separate appropriations for roads and trails; one starting in 1912 known as the Ten Per- cent md, which has anounted annually to ten percent of the National Forest receipts; another, the Sectiorl 8 Wrd carried in the Federal Aid Road Act of 1916, nhich provided a total of $10,000,000 during a period of ten years; 3rd, the Federal Forest Road Construction l?und of an Act of 1919, which provided $9,000,000 during a period of three years; and 4th, the Forest Highway and Porest l)evelopment funds made available by the Federal X&m.y Act of 1921, which has provided an- naully since that date ay.,~!:.~:r.ately $7,500,000. At the present time the Forest Service rerziaes tjle Ten Percent appropriation and the appropriations made under 2s Ar : of 1921. The Section 8 fund became extinct in 1926, and t!s:. ~;:l-r:-c-tlForest Road Construction Fund in m0.

The $7,500,00rJ which has been appropriated annually by the . Federal Highway Act of 1521 has been' divided into two parts, namely $3,000,000 for roads which are of primary value for the protection, administration and development of.the National Forests and for trails, and $4,500,000 for raods which serve National Forests but which are of primary value to states, counties and communities. Such roads as the Morgan Creek Road on the Challis. the Bear Valley-Pen Basin Road on the Payette, the Saline-Fishlake Road on the Fishlake, the Provo River Road on the Vasatch, and the Greys River Road on the Vyoming are considered Forest Development Roads, while such roads as the Warm River-Yellowstone on the Targhee , Cascade-Knox on the Paye t te, McCall-New Meadows on the Idaho, the Lincoln Highway on the Toiyabe, the Heber-Fruitland on the Uinta, and the Hoback Canyon on the Teton are Forest ~ighways. As a rule the Bureau of Public Roads expends the Forest Highway money and the Forest Servic e the Forest Development money

-- VAmR POWER Recently there has been some activity in water power work on Nat iohal Forests of the Dis trict through applications made to the Federal Power Commission for water power plants for mining purposes. These applications are now being made in accordance with the Federal Water Power Act of 1921, which superseded previo-a acts in respect to water power developnent. During this period also transfers of rights of all plants of the Utah Power 'and Light Company on National Forest land have been affected through licenses issued by the Federal power Commission, except in the case of the Georgetown plant on the Caribou National Forest. The Telluride Power Company who has been operating plants on Beaver River on the Fishlake National Forest has also made application for license to the Federal power ~ornmission. Issuance of licenses in the case of these two companies is the final step in the ending of the trespass cases which have been so long in litigation.

MAPS AND SURVEYS

Field season 1927 included five principal projects , as follows : (1) Mapping 125 square miles on the Ashley, primarily for range recon- naissaoe. The Ashley now has a pretty good map for the entire forest. (3) Mapping 96 square miles on . the Tyoming National Forest.

(4) A triangulation project to establish control on the east division of the powell. IlSlim" Truscott says it mas a humdinger and if you could see one of the pictures of him observing from a 40-foot tower above .the treetops you woula agree.

(5) A triangulation project on the Bridger Division of the Wyoming south of the 43rd parallel to establish control for mapping purposes.

'New maps have been published for the Ashley, Caribou, Lemhi, Payette and Uinta since the last alumni bulletin was issued. The ~eton, Lemhi, Nevada. Humboldt, and Toiyabe are either in the hands 6f the printer now or are about ready to go to print. ASHLEY FOREST

We find that the ex-members of the Forest Service still maintain a keen interest in the progress of Service endeavor and a check on its personnel, and particularly on their old time associates in the organization.

Wm. M. Anderson, former Supervisor of the Ashley, and now a successful sheep grower of the Uintah Basin; Seth B. Perry and Johnny Bennett, former rangers, all make occasional calls. These visits bring to thought the contributions of each individual effort with the advance- ment of time, the shaping of the foundation for the progress upon which the present day structure of the Forest Service has been built The roads, trails, bridges, telephone lines, cabins, pastures and other improvements erected, and. the steady developnent of standards for easier and greater accomplishment of work have all contributed in a measure to the dispatch with which general administration matters can now be handled, and which now necessarily provide more release of t ime for the management of the ehlarging and ever broadening fields of service ac- t ivi ty. mru the availability of funds and the developnent of skandards of work more and more time is being spent in direct application and in more intensive management of the physical resources. As an exmpl6, the , use of rot resisting materials in telephone construction, fences, and forest boundary posting have practically eliminated the long job of maintenance work spring and fall. This has made an important release of time for other work. Road developnent under present standards of construction, and the use of the auto have also made possible the accomplishment of a greater amount of nork and an enlargement in the units of management.

I One of the outstanding new jobs on the Ashley perhaps is direct effort on insect control, In 1927 there was what appeared to be a rise of the bark beetle infestations throughout the yellow pine belt on the Lake Fork District, also on the adjoining Indian lands. Forest officers from several National Forests ,were organized here in April of that year for control work* A like organization was formed on Indian lands. Another small organization was formed in the fall and a total of more than 350 beetle infested trees nas treated in this region. The infes- . tation near Greendale had run out but mas active from skull Cr. west to Honslinger, in a scattered condition. 76 infested trees was the largest number in any one group. Trees north of the ~wettmill were saved, and about 200 were disposed of in this manner A camp of forest officers was organized for a 10 day period and over 250 trees were cut and burned. There was an outbreak of infestation in the lodgepole pine below the Narrows in Henry?s Fork which, apparently, was unknown to forest officers in 1924, but in the intervening period up to 1927 the @eater part of the mature timber over more than 100 acres has been destroyed by the insects, Thru operations that have been conducted the past year all infestations now appear to be well under control.

we are always *&hiy glad to have a visit from the ex-off icers of the Service. It is like reviewing a page of past history of service development. -12- me 1927 fiw season wa* a relatively light one on the Boise ~drest. We had 39 f ires (nim man-caused) and burned over an area of 199 acres, The new lookouts on Jackson peak and shafer Butte proved very effective.,

Our road crews have made good progress in opening up the back country. One can now drive from Lowman to Warn Spring Creek, and fran Idaho City to the head of Villow Creek very nicely. Our 1928 construction program had to be curtailed for lack of funds, but we hope to push these projects to completion in the near future.

During the past season e etudy of range and erosion conditions was made on the Boise River dminags. considerable erosion damage was found, due in part to overgrazing, We are taking up any slack which , develops and alsd sh&tening the season in the hope that we can improve matters without cutting preferences. our allowame is now 93,144 sheep and 4,300 cattle and horses,

The ~~ise-paye'ttedid not cub any Boise Forest timber in 1927. !This spring they are operati@&on ~oo~sand ?horn Creek and will probably buy some timber *from us.

We had a t timber survey party in aith Creek and Fall Creek last year, and hppe to finish up the cruise of south Fork Boise River this season,

. Bould gny of you be traveling this say be sure to stop in at our Bbise office, or better still plan a visit on one of our trout streams.

During the past few years a number of changes h?ve been made in the organization of the Cache ranger districts and it may be of interest to the men who are not now directly connected with the Cache to know the division between districts and some of the jobs that are keeping us busy.

In Utah the main division is split between tvro rangers. Re I. Rice handling the Logan Canyon drainage and the west face of the mountain. In addition to the regular grazing and small. timber sale work Rice has a samill in Spring Canyon, 8 miles up Logan Canyon, that is cutting about 250,000 feet per year, and two mills in the upper part of Logan River.

Permits &re issbed for 70 surnmer Mmes in Logan Canyon. These homes are all on the south side of the river and the north side is held and used intensively for camping purposes. A guard is employed three months during the summer to keep the cmpgmunds clean and look after fire. , me road through mgan Canyon $6 Bear Lake is intensively wed; about WSQ00cars went through the cm~fc,~~in 1927.

Ranger Campbell is stationed at Laketown and handles the east side of the Utah section, the Randolph and Monte Divisions and the Blacksmith Fork drainage. He has many small sales to look after but the chief job is grazing as he has* many cattle and about 35 sheep herds.

me Idaho sect ion of the main diviaion- ls split between S I Bryson Cook at MlnK: Creek on'the west side. and W. S. Averill at Paris on tne east. They have grazing to look after but timber sales is their big job. These two men make abut 500.S-22 sales to fanners each year. We have quite a serious bug infestation in the lodgepole pine and have operators working in the heavier stands making ties for the Oregon Short Line *

Ranger H. M. Peterson haidles the two Malad divisions 'and it keeps him busy .looking after trewss. All the cattle are now tagged when they enter and upemitted stack ehow up readily. several miles of division fences ark being constructed this year which will cut the Malad Divisions into a series of big that some of the areas may be deferred and the forage given a chance to seed. 'I Ranger S. R. Justice handles the two divisions st Pocatello. The range is still in fine shape and if you wish to again see a. big body of good range visit the portneuf Division.

Much of the'division south of poc&tello is stin closed to domes tic stock for the pro te ction of the Pocatello s municipal water supply. Many 'deer and elk range on the area, however. and are increasing rap%&y.. , A recreation area has been opened by a road into the East Fork of Mink Creek and many people from Pacatello use the area for campi= and summer homes. . .

As the time for the publication of our annual edition of the Alumni Bulletin again draws near it occurs to'ug that our alumni members, who assisted in the making of history on the Caribou, would be interested in .a brief review and statement 'of our work and changes which have transpired in recent years.

It is believed that considerable progress has been made in.the administration of the forest during the last,faw years. !Phis is gar- ticularly so iq grazing administration. All sheep allotments are now handled under deferred and rotati on plans. ~alt~ingand distribution plans have been'put into effect on the cattle ranges; salt grounds are posted and numbered and on some of the cattle fanges uniform dis- tribut ion plans have made adput into effect . Range Examiner T. Dean phinney has, for the past year, been occupied in making a field re- check of the origjsal grszing reconnaLssance made of the Caribou ad it is expected that he will complete this vork this year. Considering that this was one of the earliest reconnaissances made the original work has been found to be surprisingly accurate and testifying to the carefulness and conscientiousness of those connected with this work . at that time. Timber sale business on the caribou has shown a decided increase during the past year, 275 sales havixg been made for 1,183 M. feet of timber. In addition to this it is estimated that 2,640 M feet was taken out by 810 frea cse perininittee$. That this business is still on the increase is indicatgd 5y the fact that the nmbr of sales during the first quarter of 1928 increme? 37 over tho &er made in the same quarter in 1927. Increase in 'the mount of timber sold was 162 M f t. It is obvious, therefore, that the Caribou is not entirely a fIsagebrushtJ or Weed't Torest, as we have often heard.

Our te,lephone 1 ine ha,s been entire$y recons t mcted with juniper stubs wh'ich has largely eliminated the heavy spring maintenance which previously confronted us each year.

We are this year starting on the mconstmction of our fences with creosoted posts, a considerable number of posts being cut on several of the districts to be treated when properly seasoned. This work is also being extended to our grazi3g drift fences and sufficient posts will be cut this spring for seascning to reconstruct three miles of drift fence. mark is also being initiated on several new water development projects dn the range, the cost of all such range projects totalling approximately $1200 for this year.

As with the road8 ih and adjacent to most of the National Forests, the road system on and adjoining the Caribou has been materially improved in recent years so that a considerable portion of the forest is now made accessible by road. There is a good road betreen Montpelier and Afton with a maximum grade of 6&$ The old Tin Cup road is a good 12-foot highway- A highway is being constructed down the south fork of the Snake River, past the Snake River Ranger Station, and a new bridge has been built across the river about a mile above the station.

A reorganization of the Caribou occurred in 197, We now have five ranger districts instead of six. Ranger Nelson was transferred to District 1, and is now employed on the Beaverhead Forest with headquarters at Jackson, M03t~a. Eanger &me Brigs has the Snake River district and li~resat Idaho Falls during the winter months. Ranger spackman, who f omerly had the FreeZom district, is now in charge of the Grays Lake d3sCric-t. S2aclc moves into ifontpelier for the winter. Jesse Draney t@ ~p.cklsdistrict with heac'quarters at Freedom and the Auburn ~tatio:~has been abandoned. Ranger Peterson is still holding the fort at Soda Springs and Bruce is located at Montpelier. We have had a rather rapid turnover in clerks since Miss Standing (Mrs. venter) left us in September. 1920. There has come and gone, since then, Lucile Krogue {~rs.Lucile K. ~eam), Osmyn Williams, AAene 3wk, Muriel Fif ield and Bob Strong, Mr. Sigurd Rasmussen was transferrod from the Uinta in 1926 and is still with us.

CHALLIS FOREXT -I--

Much progress has been made on the Challis in the last few years in the construction of roads, trails and other improvements. Ve have a good standard road up Morgan Creek to the summit, and extends on a- cross the Salmon Forest to Forney, This route is now being used as a mail route between C1.:allis gnd Forney, A new road is being constructed up Yadcee Fork, extending from the sunbeam Dam to the Loon Creek Ranger Stat ion. Considerable mork, in the nature of betterment, has been done on the Clear Creek - Stanley Road and the Greyhound Mountain Road*

Ihe Challis now has approximately 680 miles of trail, constructed to the desired gtandard. New trails are being built each year and we are gradually ~peningup our inaccessible areas for protection purposes.

A new telephone line has recently been bull t from the Valley creak Ranger station to the Seafoam Ranger Station, via Vanity summit and Cape Horn. The work of reconstmctiug the older telephone lines is being pushed as rapidly as possible and it is expected that this work will be completed within the nett year. It is also planned to construct a new telephone 1 ine f ran challis, up the salmon River, to the Clayton Ranger Stati on,

Timber sale business has increased materially. ~pproximately one millian feet of green timber will be cut under sale contract this year and about one-half million feet of dead and undesirable timber will be taken without charge,

The Challis provides range for 72,000 sheep and 8,500 cattle and horses annually.'

Recreational use of the forest is rapidly increasing and mag summer homes and resorts are being constructed in the more desirable localities. Game is still plentiful arid many hunters enjoy the sport each fall. The game, however, a:ppears to be holding its own as re- fuges &re being established and game management is getting its share of attention,

On April 10. 1928, the ?residsnt approved tvo separate bills. adding to the Challis approximately 80,000 acres of land in the East Fork and Stanley Sect ions. The Challis now has a gross area of approximately 1,342,400 acres. The Dixie has been more or less noted as an alluring place to those seeking recreation and diversion but last fall another distinction mas addeZ ti, it,.! attractions: The State Game Freserve which included some 375,000 acres of the nixie Division mas reduced to about 140 ,OCO last season, me topogrephy and forage be ing ideal for deer, they rapidly ircreased and in 192'7 It nas estimated that five or six thousand deer inhabited the mepreserve, While no excessive damage was :iotic~aV.~,yet it was evident that sanething needed to be done to coy-trd nuhers. Famers, vchose gardens and crops vere being damwed an?. ~+cclar:~1~50~s rCmse was being tao k~avilyloaded mith deer, nil- lii?giy cs~prz;edin gatt i:ig the preserve cut down to a more practi- cable size. Hilndreds of hunters floalc3d in, tha bornbardnent sounded like an amy in active m.riere. The deer which dwing the years of protection had learned to consider' man as his friend, Fere easy prey and 1080 antlered bucks bit the dab%. The sportsmen christened this hunters' dreamland, Il'i%e Little Kaibab.tf

The Dixie has a permitted goat herd. The goats are utilizing the rugged, broken, country immediately south of ?Jew Hammy. The use is temporary and largely experimentill. Goats have vicious a?petiteG most anything is p~~latable.The usually ungrazed quinine bush, man- zanita, live oak, and yucca are grazed nith avidity and great gusto, The goats have the yearnins habit of returning to the samz old bed ground for shading and night, especially dcring kidding, The owners claim it is difficult to change bed grounds as often as the Itbedding out systemfl requires. Use of the sane bed. ground for even three nights in succession results in considerable damage as the goats trim Up and often girdle most every sh&b in reach. If it is found that goats can be handled without hampge, the unused, rocky slopes of the Dixie division may find valuable use as a goat range.

Quite a number of ths cattle permittees are anxious to become sheepmen. Exchanges frm cattie to sheep have been mede on the Enter- prise, Leeds, Nev Hamnong, Bomery, and panpitch Lake allotments.

FI SRLAJCE FCB$!

"In the good old 6ays before villie passed outif according to one irreverent alumnus of the Fis?ll&e, there were many scraps betmen the forest officers adthe forest users. ithen came the reign of Peacelf during miPch old trou3i.e~Rere banished and for a few years the Service and users got alcng fins together. This pep iod was followed by the tfReign of Terro~~~whei~ the ghosts of old differences narose to plaguetf the forsst personnel and many and wicked were the l~word battles'! fought oxt on the old olivers beforo peace was again restored to the Fishlake land.

It lmasduring one of the many attempts to settle range boundary disputes that one of the Fishlake fs most ef ficie-nt Supervi'sors was brought down in the first round by a lovv dorm Danish upoercut. He had made a strong point of the fact that communities whi& were increasing faster in population were entitled to the larger divvy when division lines were drawn. flvell denlt, says Hans Peter Andersolz, We skall haf more range as dem fellers ofer dere because me und ole Olson und Ras Rasmussen, we all haf twinsin

one of the best indicators of the progress that has been made is a comparison of the number of men employed on the old Fishlake and Fillmore Forests in the year 1910 with %he number now used in handling the consolidated areas. fi~the year mentioned there were two supervisors, two assistant supervisors, two forest assistants and fifteen rangers.

At the present time this area, together with an addition equi- valent to one of the old districts, is administered by one supervis~r, one assistant supervisor and eight rangers. The reduction in force has been brought about through the adoption of' more systematic plans which make for greater accomplishnent in a given period; better methods of doing anr work which has been the natural outgrowth of our 10% years of experience; construction of a better system of roads and trails thereby cutting down on travel time ; and the lightening up of much of the work, particularly grazing, through securing the confidence and cooperation of the forest users.

In the year of 1914 the Fishlake and Fillmore Fomsts had a combined allowance of 36,000 head of cattle and horses and 118,000 head of sheep. There were man;. dust beds at different places on the forest range directly attributable to too heavy stocking and improper methods, or lack of methods, of range management. The allowance this year for the Fishlaks is 24,000 head of cattle and horses and 92,000 head of sheep, a reduction of 33-1/3 per cent on cattle and 22 per cent on sheep, but at the present time it is mighty hard for even a Washington inspector to find a dust bed at any time of the year. Every cattle division and every 'sheep ailotment is handled under a written plan which covers in detail every phase of up-to-date stock management as now applied.

Te can see the time, coming not so far ahead nhen a forest ranger will no longer be half cowpuncher or sheep herder because the owners or managers of the livestock mill be caring prclperly for the stock without the ranger having to oriden them cons.%ntl.y. Instead the ranger will be a range expert and a specialist in timber culture, interested chiefly in quality production and marketing of forage and timber on a large scale,

HUMBOLDT FOREST

During the past year adjustments in grazing permits caused considerable work on this forest. The adjustments have been mostly the result of liquidations and these cases are more or less complicated because of the Banking interests having to buy in so many outfits in order to keep the values as near as possible to the liens against the property. The fact that Nevada did not have a bank failure during the reconstruction period is no doubt responsible for the fact that liquidations necessary to eliminate inflated values is taking place here much later than in adjoining states. Hopever, it seems now that me are about to merge from the adjustment period into one of real prosperity to livestock operators, me interesting feature of the adjustment is that the demand for range has been steady, if not increasing and there seems to be a trend tonard small.er operators with sheep outfits.

he' present orger~iza.,ioil oC t:ie ~lumboldtconsists of Supervisor, assishnt super-visor, c,'r, five yearlong rangers with four surnrner guards and one grazing assistant,

The new cleprrture in financing range improvements is being made this year. Approximasel;' $6000 of grazing fee receipts is being de- posited in a special fund and used for maintenance and construction of range improvements. &edless l;o say all ex-forest officers will understand the importance of this move to meet a much neglected need.

The plan of the Nevada Land & Livestock Association, vhich has been going on for the past tno years, to eliminate the ~ational~orests from the State of Nevada materialized into a definite proposal which mas introduced into the senate and Rouse by Nevada! s representatives this spring. The bill proposed to eliminate the National ~orestsby re-designating as grazing areas and transfer to the Department of In- terior,

During the past year approximately 25,000 acres of railroad land owned within the Ruby division of this forest have been sold to stockmen and changed from cattle to sheep range. Anticipating further adjustments and possible land exc%enge we have had a grazing assistant working up detailed information on a section basis over the area checker boarded with railroad grant lands. Some very interesting data is being obtained.

IDAHO FOREST

The past year on the Idaho is marked by an unusually successful fire season and large volume of timber cut. The latter amounts to approximately ten million board feet, an increase of about 100 per cent over any previous year. During the year tie sales have been developed at Burgdorf aggregating 85,000 ties. This business we believe unique in that the hered ties ;iye hauled by trucks a distance of thirty miles to shipping point,

The recreational and big game features of the Thunder Iffountain and Chamberlain Basin regions are nov attracting nation-wide attention. Recreationists from all parts of the cowtry find their nay to our Big Creek cmp grounds, and many continue on mith pack trains to ranote ' interior points. Outfits going in last fall included Governor Baldridge ' of Idaho and party: Judge ~eynoldsand party from Nashville, Tenn. ; and many other notables. This is one of the few regions in the United states where mountain sheep can still be found in any considerable numbers. T, &I area of 57,000 acres lying between the old north boundary of the forest and the main salmon Ri-~ernas recently added to the forest by Congressional action. This area is not only heavily timbered but is well atocked with big game, It is a materir?.l csaet from the standpoint of both watershed prgtsc~ionand recreationcl use. construction of an auto road from Burglorf r;ot Springs to the hiarshdil Lake minix district, which border; the area, '?ill ba initiated this year. The forest now contains a net area of c?ul.e en3 three-q:lazters million acres, plenty of room and a desirable locat.icrr; for alumni to spent their vacation-

The Kaibab V~itiuna'L.Forest is ilstionally fmous for its deer herd and also for Its ti~nberby rsaso:~of the Grand Zaxiyon Highway ex- tendi.ng the entire length of it. The Utak parks Company has a conces- sion for hotel privil2,;e~at sright Angel point and has nearly completed a large hotel there, ~rans~~rtationfrom the railroad terminal at cedar City is by big auto busses which make a circuit of northern Arizona and southern Utah.

The VT Hotel has deveiopec and enlarged the well in coo~eration with the Forest Service, and rater is LOW pumped to the hotel and camp ground. Electric 1ight.s have also bee11 installed in and around the hotel. A11 occupancy has b&sn removed from $he area north of the hotel so that the deer may bc umolested thc31-e,

A new highnay was 'uvilt by the 3ureau of public Roads last year - from the top of Lz Ycvre Aldgc to near the Jacob Reservoir. CO~S~NC- tion will be continucci this sunmer fror.1 the Jacob xeservoir to the Grand Canyon Nation.3; na~kboundary. A bridge is being constructed near Lees Few, an3 csxt comes a gocd north and south road in Arizona and Utah.

The Kaibab had over 16,000 visitors last year and it is expected there will be at least 20,000 visitors daring 1928.

The forest will graze only 2 bands of sheep and less than 1,000 cattle in 1928. Many cattle permittees are remoring their cattle because of the depleted condition of the rGge caused by an overstocking by deer. LA SAL FL?J3ST

It may be of ix,:erest tc tkosc 131?0 vere at one time connected with 'the La Sal Fore& tg how that it is LOIT po~sibleto make the trip fram Blanding to the :<: t irr..... 31.idges in an axto oc.. i th comparative ease. fie road tennlnates 35 tnc !fTi:dvii?fIor "O~~schomolfbridge which spans a side canyon leafin;; iih Armstrong Canyon. From this point the . automobilist can secu '2 ;-~~;.::osand ride to the other bridges, or if he prefers he can use i~sLn2.sJhorses azd mall- tr: the main bridge which spans "kite Canyon, a iistarce of appro~imntelythree miles. This is kno~nas the flAugils tail or 1' Siyapuff briQe + Recently Governor Geo. H. mrn and party made this trip. One of the main objects of the trip was to look into the feasibility of an auto road leading directly from Zion park and Bryce Canyon across the Colorado River to the Xatural Bridges aild on .to rdesa Verde Park. This project is being se-iously considereadby lovers of Utah scenery and it is understood that t1ne 'Jnion pacific Eailroad is villing to cooperate in the undertaking,

The Lemhi Forest ma.s recently honored by a grazing meeting of the Lemhi, Challis end Salnon Forests, held at the ~ountainView Ranger station.

There were 22 r;ub jects assigned to the various rangers from the three forests, and all of the papers, read and talks made carried a lot of good dope and shored that the men preparing them had given their respective subjects a l~tof thought and study.

It was browht out at the meeting by Ranger George Miller that the Pass Creek division nov sxpported one cow and three sheep for every 30 acres. It Fas the opinion of all rangers present that the division shored signs of being on the road to improveinent, and that the carrying capacity st ?recent aas about in proportion to the range

On the last Ca:? ui' the meeting, May 18, the resolutions mere prepared and a plmt test conducted. The representative grazing men from Ogden collect?d about sixty of the most common plants. The plants were strewn along a path and each one numbered. Every forest officer present ras required to put donn the number and . the name which he recognized the plaqt by, either scientific or ccinmon. This test proved very interesting and edu~a~tiondl.Qle common names given had to be the accepted common name for District 4, and it will be interesting to knon that the plants wpre very closely judged by most of the men in attendance. The thr3e closest to getting the s ixty plants correct were 54, 56, and 58.

MANTI FOREST

The Manti Rational Forest smiles upon the most grazing permittees, the most kickers, and many 3raad minded friends of the Forest Service. It is the forest vit'n the smallest average permit numbers and fewest business faj.lw-es among pemittees. It is the forest where arguments reign fron the ridiculous to the sublime; where one community protests against too close grazing of its watershed for fear of floods or impurs waber supply, where the pemittees refuse to allow ex.changes from cattle to sheep at 1,4 sheep per cow; nhere other communities ask for an exchange of 10 sheep for one cow; where another community demands an extra, heavy grazing of its watershed so the forage will be a minus quantity and the water will have a chance to come to the fields instead of nourishing all herbage on the mountain . side. one ranger has been on one district since the creation of the forest in 1963: perhaps a record for Utah aad -4.

Living on a forest which should have a set of regulations and instructions all of its oEn, causes the fish to be the ff~wimmingest~tt deer and elk the IfRunnintest,11 the coyotes, cougars and bears the IlXillingest .It There is more feed per square mile and finer scenery than any other forest in Ytah, mith the exception of about eight others. Vith all its peculiarities and l;he cause of much ridicule among other jealous forests, craving notoriety, it!s a good old forest just the same.

Cattle ranges are, as a, whole, in poorer shape than the sheep ranges. Later seasom or reduced numbers have been brought about for the present year in Lake Shore, Horn Mtn., Ferron Canyon, and Twelve Mile* These ranges are not making the improvement they should. The balance of cattle ranges are fair or making improvement. Joe's Valley cattle have all been exchanged for sheep at a ratio of 3 for 1. In , Twelve ~ile,the Horr! Mtn,, and the Ferron Tatershed deer and elk are so numerous as to cause considerable damage,

Sheep ranges, with the exception of two or three lambing allotments and a few small summer assignments scattered throughout the forest, are making a11 the improvement me can expect

~rtificial Reseeding

Three cattle associations and more than 100 sheep herders have assisted in gathering and sowing seeds of valuable forage plants on practically all parts of the sheep ranges and on the three cattle units.

Timber Sales

Timber sale business has been at a very low ebb, Increased activity along this line is prohised the coming season. The gngelmann spruce beetle infestation in melve Mile has been checked.

Recreation

Applications have been received for resorts, one in Huntington Canyon, one in GooseSerry and one at t3e Ferron Reservoir4 Real de- velopments along this line are expected this season. zish and Game

The elk have increased in numbers on the anti Forest htil we are up against the propcsition of providing more winter range, which means further reducing the number of permitted stosk, or killing off part of the elk. It is likely that an open season on bull elk will be allowed in 1928. The number of deer grazicg on the forest has reached the point where they begin to exert an influence on the carrying capacity of a number of our grazing units. In setting oout baits and trappirig -- . for coyotes an6 cats, the Biological ~urvcyhas kept donn t3e ~1w.5er of bea.r. Lions, ho-ever, arn incrsasing in numbers from year to year.

Improvements

Road and tyail mork on the Manti is about complete, at least we guess this is the case, since xe have not received any funds for constructing any of ovr yet y;.o jects for abo-at two years. Tatering places, develonz 3 -2lder ~agulatior. G-16, have been constructed, ge tween 50 and 60 inetdl trau{,h2 E~LIbe wed in addition to the construction of several ponds and r~se~~~oirs.Ye are also constrhcting several miles' of fence between units for both cattle and sheep, planting

Porcupines and rabbits have increased to the point where their work on young plantations is decidedly serious. An effort is being made to destroy them with poison. Last year one of the rangers killed around 200 porcupines during the season.

NEVADA FORE ST

perhaps the thing of greatest interest to the Nevada ~ational Forest Alumni is the livestock industry and its future outlook. For many years southeasterr Nevada has been the winter grazing grounds for a very great nwnker of transient sheep which h2s resulted in almost completely denuding the ranges of forage plants through continued overgrazing. The local stoclmen are feeling the affects of this condition more- and more each year, and they are now fully awake to the fact that unless some means of range protection is provided, their industry will soon be a thing of the past, since they find themselves now confronted with the problem of no spring, fall, and minter ranges on which to graze their flocks. The only feed in any quantity available to them is the summer National Forest ranges.

As a result of this overgrazed condition of the open public domain, the stoclrmer, have recently forwarded a petition to all of the

Nevada Congressional representatives, the secretaries + of Agriculture and Interior, the Forester at Wshingtcln and the District Forester at Ogden, Utah, praving for a rather lzrgr acldition to the White Pine and Quinn Canyon divi sions in ordsr that they may be protected in their spring, fall an& wi~terranges from the troubleso~enomadic bands of sheep,

Three buildings have now beer. ccm3leted at Cascade for summer quaster~. An office hildirlg: 30 x SO feet with two stories and basement serves for office room, commissnry, and sleeping quarters; a warehouse 30 x 40 feet with gable rooms has been 'built for the storage of general susplies and equipment, and a third building the same size has been built for a garage and workshop for rangers during the winter months, -23 - Telephone lines have practically all been reconstructed and, in all, some three thousand poles and stubs have been treated and placed in the lines,

We plan this year to start construction of: the Profile Gap road, building a four and one-half mile stretch from yellow pine to the mouth of 'Profile Creek. The ~echnationService is planning to begin construction this year of a sLora<\; rese~voirin Deadwood Bakin, which will mean the hauling over ow r5ad.s cf ?bout twenty five thousand tons of freight, which is considwatiy m.rs ",mr.a.ye than has gone over these roads in the total time of th2ir exi~tex.3.~In order to handle this traffic the Forest Service and Rt2clamn~,iu~Service are planning to cooperate in road surf acing and general bet tmment work.

The sawmill at Cascade is now owned by the Hallack & Howard Lumber Company of Denver, Colorado, and they are going ahead with the ,timber sale in a real business-like manner, and are up to their annual allowable cut of apprbximatdy twelve million feet per year.

Extensive reconnaissance and management plans have been made for the South Fork of Salmon and South Fork of Payette working circles and we are now ready for further sales work.

Spring started to tun off eaihly, then took a set-back and snow piled up during April s3 that the total depth was two feet greater the first of Usy than it was the first of April. Prospects at the present time are for about an axrerage fire season.

POWELL FOREST

During the season of 1922 the Secretary of kriculture authorized to graze on the Pow& Xatiunal Forest 18,300 C,& H. and 103,000 S& G. During the six years followj.ng, reductions for range protection, for- feitures and cancellations reduced the authorization in 1928 t~ 13,110 C.& H* and 89,190 S.& G. This, together with the materially later opening dates and earlier closing dates put into effect durjng the same period for the stock now permi t ted, leads the powell prsonnel to believe they are making progress in better ranqe conditions.

Roads leading from Panguitch Valley to Bryce Canyon, the most beautiful scenic attraction in the powell National Forest, have been improved during the pwt fern years to an extent that it is now some pleasure to make that t+i>5y automobile. For the same reason, going and coming from Escalante is not so difficult as in olden days.

WONFOREST

From the ont tam Sins down the North Fork to Fourth of July Creek, the Bureau of Isubiic Roads is building a high class highway. Thfs portion of the road will be completed this year and within the next trio or three years we expect to see this fine highway clear vp

The. Forest Scryrice has a nine-foot road from North Fork to *~-.p and another up Fkrgar. Creek 02 the Challis Forest as far as Forney and a good passLble road as far as Leacock's.

It is ~*imned-~o hzve all the telephone fines on the Salmon reconstructed to ths latest standards and in first class condition by the end of the coming year.

About tw3--5hi~3s~f the Salmon Forest is covered with insect infested 1cQel;da :-!:srever the lodgsaole is found. The beetles are taking a hew toil of. ow. lodgspole and some westerh ysllow oine and Douglas fir. Last ;une these beetles were so thick aroud Ik;Lghes Creek Ranger Station that thcy gave the appearance of an unlimited swarm of bees, the air being filled with the beetles in their flight to attack more trees. . I. -. 9. Both cattle and sheep ark! or; the decline in Le'mhi County'as the fair prices now being received for cattle is causing the stochen to unload. High winter feeding costs, deterioration of the public Domain and high transportst?on costs are. causing.* many old time stockmen to go out of that business.

The ex-rangsrs are cer,tainly making a fine record in these parts and we ~lpoj.l.~Lwith prideUo two county com~issioners,an assessor, a school superinte~de~lt,a marshal1 and a Legion commander among the Sawtooth alumni.

Bert Griffith ard Wuggsfl Howland are commissioners of Blaine and Elmore counties, res-oec i;irely, and are great boosters for good roads and cooperative pr~jcccs. Clinton Mmgun has ~mdea splendid record as suprintend~rtof the soshone schools. Jay Shaw is marshal now in the wild tom cz' dailey and is doing a good job of it. Martp Mallory is going pod as assessor and kmps up with his photogramh~, of ~hotosin court worth seeing. .. too, His collection the house is well The local. Post of the American Lqgion is the livest organization hereabouts and 1x6~rtohe 'a312 leadars3iy: of Cc?rmanjier Guy Hendrickson is rnak5.p~e. b~~atrep in com~unitynor& Phe Legion puts on the 4th-of-July ct,i.~br;i;ion this yctir.* It's going to be a pip, so everybody come up ar.d heip liven things up.

We see Xewv Lewis occasionally. Re is operating a mine near town and doing rely wcil. gaoen't seen Ray Ivie for a long time. Xis brother 83. passed out this spring* AL was a good citizen and it was hard to lose him, He vyas one of the early guards on the ywtootk. You ought to see our new office qua~ters. we are in the same ' location, but the rooms have been extended to the south wall, making them larger and much lighter. With a series of Sa~toothenlargements on the walls, we are ready to give you the glad hand in suitable sw- roundings.

The newest thing on the forest is the bathing pool at the Easley Hot Springs. Vork is starting on it this week and we believe itis going to be one of the show places of southern Idaho. The pool is beiw financed by the Idaho Baptist Convention and other permittees located near Easley. !The pool will be a reinforced concrete structure, 40 x 70 feet. You all remember the beautiful setting there at Easley, and you'll get a great kick out of that lay-out if you ever try it out.

Bill brtan, Ed Mineaf, and Nels Jensen are on the job at their old stands; Arthur Berry continues on the Ketchum district. while Tom Van Meter too, over the Sake Creek district on April 16. We season is p~werfullpearly and you how that means plenty of fire troubles usually, so remember the boys in your prayers.

Good luck, everybody. We will always be glad to see you, Best regards from the bunch,

The Targhee has gone bugs this spring. With the aid of the Teton, two weeks were put in onflme Point', west of Driggs. combatting bark beetles. The infestation in pleasant valley has suddenly died out and control wrk will be concentrated on "The Pointu to prevent the spread of the beetles to the east side of Teton Easin.

The tie sales are going strong. !The Targhee Tie Co. is now operating on Crow Creek and the Montana & Idaho Co. have a large cornm missarg. holding pond and loading plant on Moose Creek, The Stoddard Lumber Company is cutting the fir at wwtelle.

Last summer there was a timber survey of the territory along the Sorth Fork of Bake River from Driveway %ell to Mack's Inn, in preparation for another large tie sale, The cruise will be finished this smmer and a start made on the cpuising of the 2 million or more ties on the Fall River and Bitch Creek watersheds.

Tourists from Yellowstone Park seem to increase in number each season. The yellowstone Highway through Island Park is kept in very good condition and the resorts and hotels are being remodeled and built up to accomudate the increased patronage. There are now groups of very attractive summer homes at Flat Rock and Big Springs.

Some of the familiar faces are missed on the Targhee this year, Mrs. Harris now lives in &on, Ohio, where she and her husband have cample ted their new home. Ira Latham is now Assistant Forest Sumisor on the Idaho and TaL Cowan is located in Twin Falls. There fs an addition of two new men of the Junior Forester grade on the timber sales at Guild and Island park and one at Kilgone,

TETON FOREST

There is, ae are told, an old sa;ying that When we habitually recount, review and refer to tiie pas'c, it is .an infallible sign of old age, the passing of' the peak an6 the ke~inningof the down grade part of our journey on this s?h:lre. Be that ss it mag, an occasional look backward with a disci.!mlr.aijn.g eye for the thi~gsthat will. arouse pleasant nemories indicates a nis?-om box of that eprience and philosophg which ccmes with adt.ancing years.

Glancing down the list 6f naxes of the Teton alumni with this thought in mind we recall mmy instances and hapaenicgs which helped to banish the debilitating effects of ffcabin fever" and.helped to smooth aver the rough spots.

Lee Cooper will doubtless remember the bunch of Government horses which, thru persistence and more or 1ess.logical argwnent,he finally succeeded in having transferred from the Teton to the Bridger only to f in4 that the Tetont s protestations that the horses were ringboned, spavined, sorebacked, bale and .decrepit from old age, was the truth and nothing but the truth. We were sort of piqued for a time. because of the apparent doubting of our wcrd in a horse trade, but that feeling gradually wore off with the passing of time and .Cooper!s consideration of our feelings in not twitting us about it. .. I The past five years of Bruce Coulterts assignment .to the Teton was spent on the Gros Ventre district with headquarters at the. Horse- tail Ranger Station. The water at this station &ich was obtained from a spring, had, according to Coulter, a very pronounced effect on persons who used it for any considerable length of tine. Coulter, in effect, put it this nay - nEvcrybody who has lived at the ~oreetail for five years has gone crazy and since my five years is snow about up T going to transfer to the Awelesn, At the time we didn't see anything significant, in this renark. However-, a short time ago we had ' an opportunity to see somthing of the hgeles ad-- well there may. after all, be some truth in Coulterl s statement about the water at Horse tail,

We fancy we can see a broad grin on mlkeff Ellis' face when he recalls the game law t-iole.tion case men his corroborating witness for the prosecutlor. positively identified the front quarter of an elk carcass as the hind quarter and the hind quarter as the frant quarter and thereby lost the case by reason of incompetency of witness,

After everybody in the Supervisor% office and the adjoining County offices had puzzled over a sheet of paper which appeared to be a communication in long hand addressed to the supervisor, it was finally agreed that it read as follows: *Frank James has made apylication to me for a guard position again this year; James is a good worker and knows the country; the only thing I ever had against his work is that I can't read what he writes in his diaryn. (signed) Roy Comer, Forest Ranger.

TOIYABE FOREST

A review of the personnel files would suggest that the list of those who have been one of the ffforce* on the Toiyabe may be longer for the size of the rorce than such a list for any other forest in the District, or perhaps in the Service- Only one new name has been added during the past year however, incident to a change in the clerkship, and we believe this indicates a more stable personnel. Hevertheless, we would be glad to greet each and every one of you in your-old haunts and "re'miniscetf with you over the happenings df the past and also review 'thm present and see if the accomplishments and progress have been all that you anticipated that they would be; in other words, let you see if we have Rcarried on" from the point where you left off.

The immense - or at least that is the way it has appealed to us - exterior boundary of 865 miles has been more than ninety'-eight per cent gone over - surveyed and posted to an approved standard. This standard required posts not less than seven feet long and set not less than two feet in the ground, and so located that the pos'ts are visible one from the ather, -

'he mustang horse is now a matter of history so far as the forest ranges are concerned. Wnagement plans, both gra@ic and written, have been compiled and are ninety per cent effective on practically every c.'& R. division and allotment on the forest, and plans of management are in effect on each sheep allotment. Most of you no doubt would be much surprised to return and find sheep grazing on areas nhere not so long ago the permittee who now oms these swore vengeance upon any and all such creatures and also upon any person had my connection therewith,

UmTA FOREST

Some of the plnntings made on the Uinta Forest several years are now showing ug better than was expected. This is particularly true of the western yt?lLw pine plantations in Salt Creek Canyon and in Pwson Canyon. ~htttr2s now range from 4 to 10 feet high and Mile the survival is not sufficient to leave a dense stand, there are enough that it is assured that this species will be established in these places *ere it did not occur before. It is of interest that the trees have made more growth in the sagebrush type than when planted under the oakbrush. TO give the latter a better chance and to thin out the cover, cutting of oak for fuel has been directed into these areas, No recent planting has been done on the Uinta until this year *en the Rangers put out 1300 wcstern yellon pine tr~nsplantsreceived from the l!onmnent Nursery in Colorado. They were planted in Dia-ond Fork near the moutk of Dip Yat Cr. an3. on Cu.ain~;s Flat, in IE3niels Canyon. Wso, GOC blxk locust seellings an$ golden willow cuttings were received from the Bcrsst tree nursery of the University of Idaho through the courtesy of fornler forest officer Wiesehuegel. They were planted by Rarizer Gee. C. 'firsor. lc-axd cround the treeless Eryants Fork Ranger Station groon6;: in Strcwborra Valley. It is planned to con- \ time this experin~ental~lanting each year' and possibly enlarge their scale.

The elk planted on tne Nebo division by ljeohi citizens in 1912 or 1913 have increased to -zool~t700 head as was determinrsd by a count conducted late last vihter by the. rangers and deputy gme warrlens, assisted by some of the i~caistcckmeu. pns-t estimates ha-re run all the way from 250 to 2300 i!epmd.lng cn the viewpaint of the estimator, The men were divide8 up .ints crevrs of 3 men each..,equippek aith snow shoes and field classes, and all of the country elk were lalswn to be in was covered systcmaticallrr. They re~ortedthe elk to be low down in ,the mountains, being driwn dam by snow and also coming down into the footh%.lls to get the etlrly June grass. It io believed a goo6 count was secured and 637 animals account~dfor. Figuring they saw 90$ of the elk, there wodd be 7iX: head in the herd. Cur plans for tbis herd, which, of course, are cubject to ayprovnl by the State Game Department, are that the number sk.~~13be restricfed to about 600 head and the increase should be di-,rr;zed of anri.:all;v, so that there will not be too interferenca with the use of' the rage by domestic livestock. However, it is figwed that these elk get fully half of their feed on the forest from range that is inaxessible to livestock.

The ores st Scrvlse has been bcilding a %foot standard road up Payson &eon and it seem to be very pplar nith the local people. They have selectez s2veral smrner home sites around the old Wimer Xanch Ranger Station.

The Easatch rlow p2ssesses a new dspilty - we have one alnost every year - and this :lmo it is Blaine tictenson, former ranger on the Fi shlake.

Since lest yerr ve ta.ve been ahini stering the old Granaaddy Lakes district cf the Uint,s. ovhich is iri ckarge of Ranger Beauchamp.

The Blacksfark district is in charge of new ranger, Verner L. Stoddard, who is a son of h+;3eraisor Stoddard of the Targhee, Ranger Garner who had charge of the Blacksfork district for the last three years recently left the fold to sell Frigidaires to the warm ones in Idaho, where he hopes to make a lot more money than he did in the Forest Service. We surely !lope he succeeds,

Tinpanogos Cave, which is administered indirectly by the Forest Service, still proves a favorite attraction and over eleven thousand people visited the Cave last year. Extensive improvements are being made this year to add to the comfort and convenience of visitors. 1

I There is a promise of a revival of timber sale activities on the Blaeksfork district and we are now advertising one-half million ties on the Rest Fork of ,Withsfork. This will involve a ten-year job since only about one hundred fifty thousand ties can be driven each year on the \Test Fork.

KEISE8 FOREST

The Weiser is just as small as it always has been althmgh we . are making an effort to increase the net area through land exchange. This process is necessarily slow but we expect to increase the pace within the next year or two, or just as soon as our timber sale busine ss picks up so that more funds will be available.

The Reiser may be small but according to the analysis of the Ranger districts made last winter, each of the five rangers have a , man-sized job on their hands, although everyone is getting away with most of. the work at the present time.

Inquiries for timber have been coming in frequently in the last six or eight months, from people froni the East and Best. and it will not be long until there will be a good sized sale going on the ~ieiser. TO prepare for any eventualities as well as to make a management plan, a timber survey party is being organized on the forest this year to begin cruising the Council Norking Circle. The job is quite big and it is estimated that it will take about two years to complete it. The first unit that will be cruised is what we call the Squaw Flat country, which embraces the head of East and Middle Forks of the Weiser River* There is considerable tie timber there which is rapidly going backwards. An effort will be made to put the timber on the market as soon as the cruise is completed. The private timberlands within the ~ouncilWorking circle are going to recant q~itea problem in the making of the management plan, as they are so interlaced ad mixed up with Govern- ment land that it wiil be rn~aor less a cooperative proposition when it comes to logginga

The Ranger Meeting which was held May 22-24 of this year was awaited emectantlv 5.7 cil the men who were going to attend. This meeting as a joint one with the Idaho Fo'orest. It was held at StariWL Idaho where the famous fire meeting was held in 1924 that so many of us remember so well. No doubt the plunge is quite an attraction to many of the single bucks. and rightly so, as numerous transients spend much time there relaxing in the sul~hu~ous~aters of Warm Sp-ing Creek, which have been corralled in a pool of considerable proportions.

...... jlYOMIlTG FOREST

It seems the inevitable rule that any alumni of any nature whatso- ever shall, in the course of tim, disirltegrate and the older members drop out one ?yf one. S?me wi'l rerair in our close proximity and will thus keep more or less ;n :OIL,-h nith :,he old associations while others seem to gra&r.ai!p drift fa1 tl~zranci farther away snd finally become nlost in the sh~~ffle.!~\??7~.3 i: tyue of other alunni is also true of the l'yoming. Several of our old rrem'aers xho have dropped out of the - Service from time to tiye s kill romsin in our section where we 'may meet occasionallg and have t3e pieasure of talking over by-gone davs. There are others though wham xe have lost track' of as the years have gone by, leaving only 'the memory of ?leasant associations and the wish that we might know how For tune is faring with them.

Among those whom we still remain in contact with are former Wpervisor Lee E. Cooper and ex-Ranger W. D. (Doc) Rickert, both of the old Bridger Forest. Upon their resignation in 1920, these two old timem entered into a partnership and organized the Upper Green River Lumber Co. This proved to be a successful venture and the two partners are still operating an up-to-date sawmill in the Green River section with a prosperous outlook for the future.

John L. Allen, mother of the old timers, is also still in our midst. John resigned as Ranger on 'the old Bridger Forest in 1918 and embarked in the mercantile business at Buider , 'viyorning. After con- ducting a very successful store for a number of years, he sold his interests and is now living on his fine improved ranch near the town of Pinedale, Tiyorning,

by of us who may have occasion to visit pinedale, will not overlook the chance of talking over old tines with former Ranger E. V. Cockins. npr0f.n is the editor of the Pinedale Rou.ndu.p at this place and has the distinction of putting out the %per WFublished Farther From the Railroad Than Other Newspaper Nlishad In The United Statesn - and which we might add is a mighty good local newspayer.

.+ It always seems a reaL treat to see any of these former officers and keep alive old s~.socia!;ions by remix-~szeccesof the times en we were fellow workers ir, tile Service and ctx me rzgret is that others have drifted to diskat par zs and becgme lwt to US. Among these are William Casper, Archie Gibson, Kax Shmiro and i\m+ Osborne. GREAT BAS IN ~ERX~16ENTSTATIOW

...... , . Research ~ikl-Enacted

Of major importance to forestry in the Intermountain Region, as well as in the rest of the United States, is the enactment during the last session of Congress of the Mcsweeney-McNarg forest research bill. It is the organic act creating forest exrperiment stations and providing for their maintenance and Seveiopnent in an orderly manner. Heretofore research work in forestry has beon accomplished under piece-meal legislation without considexl~tlm..f' s. ma11 rounded out progran,. The new act authorizes the Sacr ela.y 3f' Ap~icu1t~i.eto maintain the eleven regional eqeriment s?.a'ciow &.ready es$ablished and in acldi tion to establish and main ta.i.1. one xck; station for the Intermountain region, one in Alaska, one in tht2 West Indies. one in Hawaii and one additional station for the soutllerii states. It-authorizes the appropriation of a total of $3,625,000 a year up to and including the fiscal year 1938 for various kinds of forest research including fire, siIviculture, forest tree diseases and insects, forest mild life, range management, watershed protection, forest products, and forest economics. The actual apuropria- tion will come later under the regular annual appropriation for the Department of Agriculture. The first appropiation to carry out the act k. will probably be made for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1929, and will be, continued and increased under the provi.sions of the act as rapidly as as public demand and orderly development will permit. '

outstanding feature of the passage of the bill was the wide spread and general sup-oort of various interests throughout the country.

This piece of legislation will mean a great deal to the Inter- mountain region, Not only will the range research be enlarged but work in silviculture as well as all of the other ~haseswill be provided for. There had been no siivicultural research in the region for eight years and only limited faciiities were available prior to that time. evel lop- ment will be with the ?resent research organizatjon in the region as a nucku& Inasmuch as the ~ctonly authorizes eppropriations there 1s still a need for those. interksted in seeing the Act carried out to use , their influence toward having the appropriations made by Congress. General

The work of the Station at present is continuing with three year long men and orjp -;:xdi*Jr absi stznt. IL a24i t ion several Forest officers will be detr,.i. l-d ~rcnvzrinus i ores-LSfur training purposes. mis plan has been TI i-:,~L';% for the past, tJw9 pars with much success* In addition to the tr.3-bir-g hlforded Zne ;mu assigned, the carrying on of field work at the stati,~?has been nm.te1ia11jr helped. The list of men detailed in 1927 ix:--ads,d oge Forest S~pervisor,two Assistant Su~ervisors,and one Ranger from District 4, a Range Examiner each from Districts 2 and 6, a professor from the Utah Agriculture College and a Biologist from the U. S. Biological Survey. Five or six men have already been lined up for this season. Dr. A. 'G. Sampson, 3. SS. Baker, and R. E. Malmsten are still on the job at the University of California, teaching the young Cali- forniacs how tb become for,esters.

Lloyd Qall is still on the Ccco~inoin D-3. He is apparently $0 busy that he has no time to write and let us know tvhat he is doing.

Dave Shoemaker is still on the job as Grazing Icspector in D-3. ;Fe will la,y a be;: t:mt 13~:~uvc:uld like to spend some of the hot summer days in the mou:.tains in lj. 9.

Byron !,filler, rho is now on reindeer investigations with the Biological Survey in Alask:a, spent a fev months in the States during the past winter. fie thidcs there is no country GO good to live in as Alaska.

flbrrg's Palmer and Miller are on the sane job,

The last heard of "Red11 Johnston he was managing a reindeer herd for private interests in Alaska.

Ray Becraft gets lonesome and drops in from Logan now and then to &y us a vislt. Ray teaches botany and range management.

6 The last heard of Don Leidig he was selling real estate in Oakland, Cali$ornia.

Charley Boosinger is ranching in the northwestern corner of Utah at Cedar Creek.

Fred Cronemiller is in the District Office of D-5 at Sari FTanci SCO.

M. 0. $imons, S~niorJlraftsmm, resigned February 15, 1928. He is now located i*.. ,Salt Lake City.

Ex-Super~jdcr Jwsen (Emti) is n9w engaged in the practice of law in Ephraim. ;-:is ~lf'jxc:is cver th? T. %msm furniture store. . Jensen enjlys a. g2~L-prea~ti.r:e; cccakronal1.g he mixes in politics. He enjoys life, and is deternixed to nake the best of the opportunities that come to him. parley P. Peterson, Vat*, as he is known locally, (formerly-of the ~ixie)is an Irishman with a Danish name. He is now engaged in farming and stock raising. He is thorough in the work that he does. Last season when his sheep were turned on the forest it was noticed that every ewe and lamb were numbered. Upon questioning him it was learned that during shearing time his sheep had produced from 11 to 18 pounds of wool per head. \hen the lambs came down he weighed them to find oub whether the light shearers ~roducedmore. lamb than the heavy shearers. In this way he hopes to bcild up his bunch of the best sheep it is possible to get.

John C. Benson is lacate6 at Enterprise, Utah, and is,engrossed in the cattle and ranch buslners. Re runs about 500 cons of his own and is one of southern FLEWS largest cattle buyers and shippers.

Lawrence Adams, who, as a ranger, told others how to successfully handle sheep to produce fat lambs, is now practicing this information on a herd of his own. He is a permittee on the Dixie and lives'at Parowan, Utah,

Martin L. McAllister resides at Saint George, Utah, and is making good as a farmer.

1 Elias He Smith of Tropic, Utah, is a farmer who frequently in- dulges in the practice of law.

Raymond T. Forbes is president and manager of the Cedar City Construction Co. Ray is aggressive and manages to keep their bid out- fit busy on construction jobs. They were the successful bidders an the Cedar Breaks road and will complete the work early this season. Ray is still popular with the ladies, but unmarried. :

John H. Kroencke is located at Pioche, Nevada, and, is employed as timekeeper at one of the mi2es.

S. A.' Macfarlane of 1047, 12 th st. , Qgden, Utah, purchased a small tmk farm and devotes most of his tine to the raising of berries and vegetables. Alex is doirig ell and optimistic about the future.

Joseph NL Moody of St;. George, Utah, is a friend and booster for the Forest Service- He is the Dixie's standby *en roads, trails and other improvemen t wcrk Is to be done.

Andy (~ump)'Casr.~~, the pioneer fire chief and erstwhile bridge builder of the Idaho Forosi; ~holeft the Service during the year, is now engaged in the peccaAr';:i and lucrative otxuuation of operating a summer resort at Bur&rf Fi;t Springs. To utilize his spare moments, Andy also operates a gen~rd.merchandise store, is local DO stmaster. and employs several am rr Lhe manu.facture of railroad ties. He also keeps a pack of hounds ail& season demonstrates to fidudeff sportsmen improved methods of capturing bear, cougss, an6 other big game, dead or alive, Preston (~ack)Chapman, an other employee to leave the Service during the gear, has purchased a ranch on. the South Fork of Salmon River and is busily engaged in farming operations. Jack is specializing in poultry and fruit, for which a ready market is found at the mines in that region.

3. F. Anderson, Eph~aim,Utah has been city marshal of Ephraim up until January 1, 1928. Re owm a lxge farm west of Ephraim, where he is now workine puttjng in tiis crops. 4; Charles L, Tnor;le, Axtel, ~tah,is farming'an4 running a few livestock; getting .dong fine and enjoys his pork,

Hans L Wickam. Castle Dale, Utah, is farming and assisting in the County offices dwing spare time.

Hans E. Jensen, Ephrairn, Utah, is one of the professors in the Snow College, teaching biology and botany. Recently he spent a year at the University of California, securirig his Master's Degree,

J. Seldon. Hansen, Spanish Fork, Utah, is manager of the branch of the Consolidated Tiagon & Machine Co. , at Spanish Fork. seldon is doing fine for both the Company and himself. .

Jowph N. Christimsen, Mayfield, Utah, is one of the leadiq merchants of South Snnpete. He has a flourishing general merchandise business in Mayf ield,

Duena C* Lee, Salt Lake City, Utah, is happily married and would not think of treding household duties for the best clerk% job in the Forest Service.

Francis M. Cox Jr, , Manti, Utah. Frank and his sons own and, operate a meat and suppiy house in Manti, In addition to this Frank is a breeder of purebred Ranbouill.ets,

Parley Christiansen, Gunnison, Utah, Parley has been living in Logan during the past year and reports are that he would like to sell out in Gunnison and nake the Cache Valley metropolis his pnnanent home,

Lewis C. Mathew is teaching school at Central, Idaho this year,

James GI EIowtcn, at one time a ranger on the Sevier, has been a s~ccessfulmail cvnr~cfo~since leaving t%e Service, He now resides at Price, Utah, but is ,eriously consid?ring the purchasing of a farm in Panguitch Vallw md returning to the loved haunts of his Sorest Service days,

Ranger Routson is working xi tb his father in the mines at Edwardsburg, Idaho, & p. paulsen lives at Reno, Nevada, Re is agent for the Magtag washing machiae4 Blbert W. Mayett , Tonopah, Nevada, i 6 a garage owner ~inda County Comnissioner of Nye County.

Junius Webb, former ~an~er-blerl;on the Fishlake. is now Engineer and Secretary for the Piute Reservoir and Irrigation Company, with head-

quarters at Salina, IJtah, I

. Oluf G. Nielsou, ex--De~utySunervisor of the Fishlake Forest, is the owner and manager of a well fvrnished furniture and hardware store at Salina, Utah. .He was recently elected president of the Salina

Lions Club, a

Ernest Herbere, fvmer ranger on the Fillmore unit of the' Fishlake, is the owner of a large dry farm and other ranch property in the vicinity of Salina, Utah,

Dagbert M. Adair, former ranger on the Fishlake unit, is the owner of considerable ranch r~rcperty at Hinckley, Utah, and is engaged in the raising -of lucerne seed.

YOELllin T, Job, former clerk on the Fishlake unit, is now an ~nternalRepenue officer in salt Lake City.

Geo. P. Low, former ranger on the Fillmore Forest, ' is a prominent stockman and rancher at Beaver, Utah. He is President of the Beaver Cattle Associati on.

Martin Murphy, who for several years was ranger' on -the old Dutch Joe District, is now living in Rock Springs, Viyoming, and employed by the Union Pacific,

TWO of our former clerks are now married and in homes of' their own. Ethel M. Geer resides in ~e'xsstrhile Isabel Smith Beiseheugal now lives in Moscow, Idab, where her husband 2. G. Ueiseheugal, also formerly of the Wvoming, is an instrllctor in the University of Idaho.

George W. Yeaman is ncw at Af ton, iigorning, v~heresome of us have

, . the pleasure of seeing hir when in Ster lral%eye

We understand thac ?., K- Om11 is ens~gedin the insurance business in Fort Collinz , !:;~li>rado,

James H. DeLcng ilar bee11 g-aiding parties on lion hunts on the

Kaibab during the ~ast~i+~.l i,&X7, f

flxaten Dsvi s , ;,eIrneso?~, Dr. IdcKahan ,, fl Bobbie" Miller, ROY Conner and rfRosy" are all rtickin~zround Jackson Hole and the Teton.

Davis and Imeson are ranching and each have a band of sheep. Think of it, two old-time Teton r.angers now running sheep in Jackson Bole. Dr. McKahan is practicing his profession and developing 'a fur farm on his ranch on Granite Creek.

Mr. Miller continues to guide the destinies of the Jackson Stab,. Bank

Roy Conner is back at his old arofession of tonsorial artist and operates the best barber shop in Jackson.

\ "Rosyw who found it necessary to retire because of trouble with his eyes, is planning to settle down on a chicken and fur farm near Jackson.

Albert Gunther was a heavy loser in the Gros Ventre flood of a year ago, since which time he spends most of his time in Rocksprings, woming.

Lee Cooper is operating a sawmill on Green River.

Bruce Coulter is holding down an important district on the Angeles Forest in California.

Fred Smith is in business at Lima, Montana, and he and Mrs. Smith drive in occasionally to vacation in their old haunts on the Teton.

Fred IY. Carl is deputy State Game Xarden at Salmon.

C)ra Cockell is a sheepman and rancher living near May..Idaho. .

Bm. E. rites is executive assistant of the Deschutes N. F. at Bend, Oregon.

Earl R. Gilbreath is County Treasurer and florist at hlmon ..

Carl J. Kriley and Clarence L. McCracken are ranchers near . Carmen, Idaho. ,

- Samuel E, Sternberg is a partner of James L. Pelton in the grocew business f.a Salmon.

William Swan is a mining man located near Forney, Idaho.

Otis T- Slauir- is a rancher living near Carmen, Idaho,

James L, Peltan is the owner of a grocery store in Salmon.

Archer Huff (Ashley) is now the president of the Lake Shore C.& H. Association. Be is engaged in raising pure bred hereford cattle. Another season he plans on turning on the range registered cattle only to fill his grazing permit...... I DT STRICT OFFICE PERSONNEL ......

. . , . Engineer in&

R. H. Rutledge, District Forester J. P. Martin, District Engineer Edna Gilchrist, Clerk . 'i Blakeslee, 3. -in. Asst, Mrs. Mae Gilman, Clerk public Relations Frank I,, Allen, Chief Surveyor bxval L. Anderson, Srl Surveyor Dana Parkinson, Asst, Dist. Forester Draft man Mrs. Flora C. Pearson, Clerk H. 14. Shank. Associate Civil Engineer Geo. 1;. Nichols, Chief Draftsman Fi nanc e & Ac: c 3~3t sS CI J. Truscott, Chief Surveyor F. iL Goods, Pr. Surveyor Draftsman Lee Strattor, Dist. Fiscal Agent Melvin R. Lewis, Sr. Pansitman A. CI Nycoff, Deputy tt 11 1&s4 Inez Corn, Draftsman J. C. Falck, Sr+ Cle~k-Auditor A. Rosalia Holberg, Draftsman Alan Richards, Pr. Clerk-Bkkpr. Id. V. Bird, Ass% mg. Draftsman A* J, White, Clerk-Seceipts J. R. Ostler, Jr. Blueprinter & Kathryn Melvin &yk-Anpointment s Photostat Operator Coro thy ~und~,/ierkr!k-Chk. Wit er Hilda J. Holberg, Jr. Clerk-P~operty -Law Operat ion

C. N. Roods, Assto Dist. Forester T. V. Pearson, .=, Admin. Asstto Maintenance Forest Managemen4 H. C. Baker, Mzintenance Clerk Arlene Burk, Asst. Clerk C. B. Morse, Asst. Dist. Forester Evelyn Pendery, Jr. clerk Earl C. Sanford, Jr. AZmin. Officer Chas. Y. mi th, Messenger U. S. Swartz, Logging Engineer Hattie R. pat terson, Jr. Cl-erk Orpha Lindstrom, Clerk Great Basin meriment Station Range Mana~emeni C. L. F~r~ling,Director Ernest Rinkler, Asst. Dist. Forester E* 11. l;"lsi;n, Associate R. Examiner 3- 0. Stebart, Jr. Admin, Officer Walter 2. Marm, ~r.Clerk A. R. Standing. Associate 3. Exam. Luella Christensen, Clerk

R. E. Gery, Asst. Dis~T'l.:r~;stm S. I3. Locke, Associate Fcy2:;'ier Elsie Powell, Clerk FORE ST PER SONNEL

. Ashley

& G. Nord, Forest Supervisor E. & ~enner,~drist Supervisor June P. Allan, Clerk" E. E. ~czee,Asst. Supervisor . A, A. Hardy, Ranger genry L. mith, Clerk Glen A. Lambert, Ranger Lewis B. ~bch,Ranger George I;Y. iFalkups fl John S., Mdm, 1f Clyde Lamber t, H Charles Daugherty,* Fred Sargent, a R. Eo Allan, rr ..... Merle GI Mark&e, ff . . Boise -Dixie G. B. Mains, Forest Supervisor Arthur Potter, Asst. Supervisor Orange A. Ohen, Forest Supervisor J. PP; Stokes, n 11 Alfred P.. Larson, Clerk ' NathanC. ~chultz,Ranger James H. Baldwin, Ranger David Laing, n Elbert L. Cox, n Irvin M. Varner, w Frank W. Seaman, n A, L. Moats, Sr. Clerk hilliamM. Hurst, Delia Calderwood, Asst. Clerk Benjamin Swapp , fl ho E. Fest, Ranger

ma1 ter T, ' Berry, Ranger : .- Everett R. &rnham, " Warren C, Taylor, It C. A. Mattsson, Forest Superviaor Chester J. Olsen, Asst. n Cache \layla C. Ellis. r. Clerk Bert L. Robins, Ranger Carl B. bentson, For* Supervisor James Jensen,' w Howad P, Long, Clerk Milo T. Dyches, Geo. W. CraddockJr, R, Examiner HI M. Christensen,lt 8. f Rice, Ranger Albert Albertson, W, HI Campbell, Ranger G. L* Taylor, n S. Averill, n Ohn. Ma Mace, n S. BrysonCook, S- Re Justice,. n HI Ma Peterson, Sosiah A. Libby, Technical Aast. Alexander McQueen, For. Suprvisor Vilfard E. Tangren, Asst. Ona So Harbin, Clerk Char1e s 'E. But1 er , Ranger FI S. Moore, Forest Suy,wvisor Thomas J, NelLs, n 21- D. Phinney, Tec'r,n.v8s! dsst, L. E. ~c~enzie, N Sigwd Ras smussen, i; :I. CL?X A. C. ~ohGer, n Uonzo E, Briggs, Hanger Paul L. Travis, 11 Charles A* Spackmzn, fl Arthur J.' Wagstaff, Jr. R. Examiner

Jesse 'El XEaney, n p Arthur Peterson, 11 James B. Bruce, w FOREST PERSONNEL - Cant,

Idaho Minidoka , * .I - -- S. G. Scribner, Forest Sqxrvisor S. S. Stewart, Forest Supervisor Ira Latham, Asst* . 11 I. R. Richardson, Clerk Fred L. Williams, Sr. Clerk C. E* Jensen, Ranger Russell R. Brown, Jrl E. Eo Stock, n J. W. 'Earrell; Asst, Supervisor M. FI Youngblood, Ranger Mer le Wallace, Ranger Bert Mahoney, n Kenneth E. Wilde, fl C. T. Gray, ' tt Nevada Warren He Bolles,. fi J. W. Hill, it. (Charles A. , Beam, Forest Suoervisor Dan Levan, n Eugene Jensen, Clerk Frank E. Gray, Ranger , Kaibab ' Thomas A. Windows, If George E. Moore, Falter G. Map, Forefst Supervisor

Hugh E. putnam, Clerk . ' Robert H. ~&k, Ranger . t Earl Vo Stom, na ' IT. .Rice,, , 'Forest. Superyisor

hancis Wallis, Asst.. . f! Clark ~iles,'~echnical Asst. Edward Ritter,~,,, " tt - L C, Folster, Fore'st Supervisor Errol C. Crary, clerk La Re Chandler, Clerk Andrew L. Bunch, Ranger S. Cooper Smf th, Ranger J. D. Parker, n Mmion P, HUt, n Lo N. l?eLlman, n H. H. Van Winkle, Elmer C. Ross, tl

A, C. Walker, \ ?a -Lemhi Floyd Goddly, n Oscar W. Mink, Farest Suyervisor Hugh E. Wilmot, Clerk Geol A. Miller, Ranger Wallace M. Riddle, Forest Supervisor Oscar Fo Cusick, fl C. b Emery, Clerk Jesse H. Olsen, Vilford Bentley, Ranger Arthur Cusick, n Ernest Jorgensen, " Tlonas C. Haycock, fl -mti Leland Heywood, 11 J. IK. Humphrey, Forest F.q5ervisor Salmon SO SI Van Boskirk,' Sr Clerk Edward P. Cox, Ranger ' Johr, N. Kinney, Forest Supervisor D. A. %illiamg, tt Dominick Romano, As st. I( Wells Thursby, ' " Hubert B. Knipe, pr. Clerk Albert B. Thomas, " Allen H. Wheeler, Ranger Seth Ollerton, II I. C., Robertson, f1 P. Me V. Anderson,n Re E, Green, Ranger J. L. Phillips, . sawtooth , Uinta

M* S. Eenedict, Forest Supervisor Charles DeMoisy,Jr. ,For.Supervisor Re Fs 'Eawman, Clerk Harley J. Helm, Asst. Supervisor N. C* Sensen, Ranger gar6 C. Ireland, Clerk Arthur Ho Eerry, hvna Evans, Asst. fi W. H. Horton, 1; A, F. Richards, Ranger J. EL Minear, fl Parley C. Madsen, Ora Ja Sham, n George C. Larson, * Thos. Van Meter, Merrill Nielson, ' " Edson J. Adair* * A. pI Christiansen,"

S. W. Stoddard, Forest Supervisor David A, Arrivee, Asst. II Jno. Nelson, Sri Clerk E. C. Shepard, Forest Su~ervisor If Ray Pickett, Wer Blaine Be tenson, Asst. Lemuel Steele,Jr* Ranger Carl A. Gustaf son, Jr. Forester Leo J. Hutson, n G. M. ~'~eill,Clerk Francis Mow, It Verner Stoddard, Ranger Claud C. Shannon, n VivianN. West, " t1 J* Ge KOOC~, William 'JJ. Smith, Lyman L. Richwine, " Morgan parke , It G, D. Pickford, It R. A. Beauchamp, If Eugene C. Farnsmrth," -Wei ser Teton - 3. Raphael, Forest Sunervi sor n A. C. McCain, Forest Supervisor F. C. Kuziol, Asst. Muriel F. Wty, Clerk J" T. Thorkelson, clerk Richard H. Ohl, Ranger Robert E. Clabby, Ranger n C. E. n DeWi tt Russell, Dibble, n C. H. McDonald, H. JW Burr, Jas. W. fiarnbert, rD Willard A. Mc~owell," Ver nm Br e iver , n

James E. Gurr , Fore s t Supervi sor &nest R. Rill, Clerk Ce E. Favre, Forest Supervisor Phil Kennedy, Ranger Milo H. Deming, Asst. n A. R. TorgersQn, '!' Jay B Hann, ~echnicalAsst.

Arthur C. Smith, f3 Harry A. Cheeseman. Clerk James J* Muir, If M~xganD. Davis, Asst. Clerk J- J, Albano, Ranger Fred W&m, n 0. Ae Harrison, H. PL Shannon, It Robert S. Dalley, Ranger A. A. Rasel, n