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GUIDANCE H INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) Version 1

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GUIDANCE H INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) Version 1 GUIDANCE H INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) Version 1 © 2020 Rainforest Alliance. All rights reserved. Translation Disclaimer For any question related to the precise meaning of the information contained in the translation, please refer to the official English version for clarification. Any discrepancies or differences in meaning due to translation are not binding and have no effect for auditing or certification purposes. More information? For more information about the Rainforest Alliance, visit www.rainforest-alliance.org or contact [email protected] Document Name: Document Code: Version: Guidance H: Integrated Pest SA-G-SD-9-V1 1 Management (IPM) Date of first Date of revision: Valid From: Expires by: publication: December 31, 2020 N/A December 31, 2020 Until further notice Developed by: Approved by: Rainforest Alliance Department Standards Director of Standards and Assurance and Assurance Linked to: SA-S-SD-1-V1.1 Rainforest Alliance 2020 Sustainable Agriculture Standard, Farm requirements SA-GL-SD-V1.1 Annex 1: Glossary SA-S-SD-8-V1.1 Annex 7 : Pesticides Management RA-P-SP-7-V2.4 : Exceptional Use of FAO/WHO highly hazardous pesticides Replaces: N/A Applicable to: Farm certificate holders Country/Region: All Crop: Type of Certification: All crops in the scope of the Rainforest Farm Certification Alliance certification system; please see Certification Rules. 2 SA-G-SD-9-V1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Objective ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 Audience ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Integrated Pest Management related binding definitions from the glossary .............................. 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5 IPM requirements in the standard ....................................................................................................... 8 Implementation of the requirements .................................................................................................. 8 Core Requirement 4.5.1 .................................................................................................................... 8 Core Requirement 4.5.2 .................................................................................................................. 11 Core Requirement 4.5.3 .................................................................................................................. 13 Core Requirement 4.5.4 .................................................................................................................. 18 Mandatory Improvement 4.5.5 (L1) ............................................................................................... 19 Mandatory Improvement 4.5.6 (L2) ............................................................................................... 21 General Guidance .......................................................................................................................... 21 Mandatory Smart Meter 4.5.7......................................................................................................... 22 Integrated weed management ........................................................................................................ 23 Coffee specific guidance .................................................................................................................. 24 Common coffee pests .................................................................................................................... 26 Common coffee diseases............................................................................................................... 37 Further Information ........................................................................................................................... 44 Tea specific guidance ........................................................................................................................ 45 Common Tea Pests .......................................................................................................................... 47 Common Tea Diseases .................................................................................................................... 56 Additional information on Root Diseases ...................................................................................... 62 Cocoa specific guidance .................................................................................................................. 63 Common Cocoa Pests .................................................................................................................... 65 Common Cocoa Diseases.............................................................................................................. 77 Banana specific guidance................................................................................................................. 85 Common banana pests .................................................................................................................. 87 Common diseases in banana ......................................................................................................100 Natural enemies of banana (Musa AAA) pests and diseases. ...............................................112 IPM resources .....................................................................................................................................125 Template of the minimum type of information to be recorded for the IPM strategy...............125 Examples of natural enemies ...........................................................................................................126 3 SA-G-SD-9-V1 OBJECTIVE This guidance aims to provide background knowledge on Integrated Pest Management to help farmers understand and implement the requirements of the standard for successful and sustainable farming. SCOPE This guidance focuses on section 4.5 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) of the standard. It looks particularly as the major processes affecting occurrence of pests and the different control methods available for their management in a sustainable farming system. In this guidance the term PEST refers to arthropods, rodents, diseases and weeds. Sometimes interventions are specific to particular types of pest. AUDIENCE This guidance shall serve technical staff who are preparing farmer groups (or plantation owners) for certification to help them understand the importance of the requirements in the standard and how they can best be implemented in their particular circumstances. The document shall also be a guidance for internal inspectors/ auditors who check on compliance with the requirements, to be better able to assess the situation found on the ground as well as the suitability of farmers’ management practices in the given agroecological environment. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT RELATED BINDING DEFINITIONS FROM THE GLOSSARY Active ingredients: A pesticide consists of several substances. The active ingredient is the chemical that can kill, repel, attract, mitigate, or otherwise control a pest. The other substances can assist this effect either directly or indirectly. Agrochemical: Commercially produced, usually synthetic, chemical compounds used in agricultural production, such as fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, nematicides, or soil conditioners. Integrated Pest Management or IPM: The careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations, as well as keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are economically justified and reduce or minimize risks to human health and the environment. IPM emphasizes the growth of healthy crops and cattle with the least possible disruption to agro-ecosystems and encourages natural pest control mechanisms. Application of pesticides is based on monitoring of disease or pest infestations. Natural enemies: Organisms which kill, decrease the reproductive potential of, or otherwise reduce the numbers of another organism. Natural enemies in agricultural production are key components of integrated pest management programs. Important natural enemies of insect and mite pests include predators, parasites, and pathogens. Pest: Any species, strain or biotype of plant (weed), animal (e.g., nematode, insect, arthropod, rodent), or pathogenic agent (microorganism, like fungus, bacteria and virus) harmful to plants or plant products. 4 SA-G-SD-9-V1 Pesticide: Any substance, or a mixture of substances of chemical or biological ingredients, intended for repelling, destroying or controlling any pest, and including unwanted species of plants or animals causing harm during or otherwise interfering with the production, processing, storage, transport or marketing of food, agricultural commodities. The term includes substances intended for use as a defoliant, desiccant or agent for thinning fruit or preventing the premature fall of fruit. Pesticides are also used for application on crops either before or after harvest to protect the commodity from deterioration during storage
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