DOCSLIB.ORG

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0030489 A1 Northcott Et Al

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0030489 A1 Northcott Et Al US 20060030489A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0030489 A1 Northcott et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 9, 2006 (54) AQUATIC PLANT PRODUCT AND METHOD Publication Classification FOR MAKING GROWTH-SUSTAINING PLANT MATRIX (51) Int. Cl. AOIN 39/02 (2006.01) (76) Inventors: Donald Owen Northcott, Cornwall A0IH 9/00 (2006.01) (CA); Mark O. Hamran, Tea, SD (US) (52) U.S. Cl. ............................................ 504/323; 800/295 Correspondence Address: (57) ABSTRACT MARIO D. THERIAULT The invention consists of an aquatic plant product for resale, 812 HWY. 101 NASONWORTH having an extended shelf life, and a method for making the FREDERICTON, NB E3C 2B5 (CA) aquatic plant product. The aquatic plant product is made of a Sealed container containing aquatic-plant-growth-Sustain (21) Appl. No.: 11/193,503 ing medium therein and an aquatic plant planted in that aquatic-plant-growth-Sustaining medium. The aquatic-plant (22) Filed: Aug. 1, 2005 growth-Sustaining medium contains a root-Support material; at least one Vitamin; Sucrose; agar, distilled water, micro Related U.S. Application Data nutrients containing iron; at least one hormone Selected from a group consisting of auxin, naphthleneacetic acid, indole (60) Provisional application No. 60/599.985, filed on Aug. 3-butric acid, cytokine, 2-isopentyladenine, 6 Benzylami 9, 2004. nopurine and any combination thereof. US 2006/0030489 A1 Feb. 9, 2006 AQUATIC PLANT PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR 0012 e) distilled water; and MAKING GROWTH-SUSTAINING PLANT MATRIX 0013 f) at least one hormone selected from the list 0001. This application claims the benefits of provisional consisting of auxin, naphthleneacetic acid, indole-3-butric application Ser. No. 60/599.985, filed on Aug. 9, 2004. acid, cytokine, 2-isopentyladenine, 6 benzylaminopurine and any combination thereof. FIELD OF THE INVENTION 0014 Basically, the sealed container contains a plant 0002 This invention pertains to retail packages of aquatic growth-Supporting medium and a Sterile aquatic plant. The plants, and more specifically, it pertains to Sealed containers plant-growth-Supporting medium is water-based and by Vir having growth-Sustaining media therein providing extended tue of being Sealed, establishes within the non-media portion shelf life for the plants therein. of the container interior, the air space, a relative humidity that is substantially 100%. This 100% humidity level closely BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION approximates conditions aquatic plants experience while 0003. It is the dream of every fish hobbyist to decorate Submerged, this then creates the conditions required for their living Space with attractive, plant-filled aquariums. Successful growth of aquatic plants. However, it is expensive and labor-intensive for amateur hobbyists, or even professional breeders, to obtain and grow 0015. A sterile tissue-cultured aquatic plantlet when a variety of aquarium plants due to the fact that they require placed on a Sterile plant-growth-Supporting medium in a Specialized equipment to propagate. Moreover, acquatic plant Sealed vessel establishes an equilibrium in this environment retailers experience Significant product losses with aquatic and as Such only grows at a rate Supported by the factors that plant products, as the plants currently available must be control the metabolic processes. transplanted directly upon receipt of Shipment from a pro 0016 Plants complete two processes, photosynthesis and vider or will perish. Thus, what is needed is a shelf-stable respiration. In the photosynthesis process, Oxygen is aquatic plant product. released from the plant as a metabolic process. In respira tion, a plant absorbs Oxygen from the atmosphere and use SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION it to drive metabolic processes. So the cycling of a limited 0004. The present invention relates to an aquatic plant Supply of Oxygen within the closed System serves to regu product characterized by an extended shelf life, which late plant growth and in doing So it establishes the longevity product comprises at least one aquatic plant and a stable of the plant in the closed system. growth-Sustaining plant matrix, and to methods useful for 0017. This brief Summary has been provided so that the generating Same. For example, the present invention pro nature of the invention may be understood quickly. A more vides a Sealed container, e.g., a test tube, containing therein complete understanding of the invention can be obtained by an aquatic plant, for example, a tissue-culture propagated reference to the following detailed description of the pre aquatic plant, in a Sterile environment and in a growth ferred embodiment thereof. Sustaining plant matrix. 0005. In one embodiment, the present invention provides DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE nutrient rich, non-toxic, foliar Support matrix conditions to PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Sustain an aquatic plant in a Sealed container for an extended period of time, for example, at least one year. An acquatic I. Definitions plant can be laboratory cultured under Specific growth 0018. The following definitions are provided for specific parameters and conditioned for entry into a container that terms that are used in the following written description: provides the plant with Sufficient nutrients and air to Survive 0019 AS used in the specification and claims, the singu un-aided and without the addition of water or other normal lar form “a,”“an” and “the” include plural references unless plant requirements. the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term 0006. In one embodiment, the present invention provides “a plant' includes a plurality of plants, e.g., aquatic plant a tissue culture medium formulated to Sustain the aquatic Species. plant of interest, for example, a tissue-culture propagated 0020. An “acquatic plant” refers to members of the king aquatic plant, in a contained, Sterile environment for up to doms Plantae and Protista that are capable of survival and/or one year. The tissue culture medium is specific for the plant, growth in an aquatic environment, e.g., under water or in a and has precise nutritive components, e.g., hormones, fer wetland environment. tilizers, amino acids, trace elements and minerals, Such as fertilizer and trace minerals which aid in the growth and root 0021 “Container” includes any suitable, sealable device formation, that Sustain the individual plant. Such as a tissue culture flask, tissue culture dish, test tube and the like. A container may be made of transparent 0007 For example, the medium according to the present material, Such as glass, polystyrene and the like, or trans invention comprises: lucent material, Such as polypropylene and the like. 0008 a) root-support material as described by inventors 0022. The terms “medium” and “media” are used inter Murashige & Skoog, who are well known in this art; changeably with “substrate,”“matrix” and “formulation.” 0009 b) at least one vitamin; 0023 The phrase “shelf-stable” refers to the capability of the product of the invention to Sustain the plant being Stored 0010) c) Sucrose; for an extended period of time, for example, for at least four 0011 d) agar; years, at a temperature Such as room temperature, e.g., 50 US 2006/0030489 A1 Feb. 9, 2006 C.-85 C. In one embodiment of the invention, the shelf muskgrasses (Chara spp.), Stoneworts (Nitella spp.) and Stable aquatic plant product of the invention can be Stored at numerous vascular plants. Many Submersed plants, Such as room temperature for one to 4 years in the Sterile container widgeon-grass (Ruppia maritima), various pondweeds without having a deleterious effect on the ability of the (PotamogetOn spp.), and tape-grass (Vallisneria spp.), are aquatic plant to Survive, e.g., grow and/or proliferate, once native to the United States. transplanted into an aquatic environment. 0033 Submersed species face special problems obtaining 0024 “Sterile” or “sterile environment” refers to the light for photosynthesis and they must obtain carbon dioxide absence of prokaryotic, lower eukaryotes Species, and/or from the water where it is much less available than it is in pathogens. air. Submersed Species invest much less energy into Struc tural Support because they are Supported by water and water II. Exemplary Plants of the Invention accounts for about 95% of the weight of these submersed 0.025 The shelf-stable aquatic plant product of the inven Species. tion includes a Sterile, Sealed container with at least one aquatic plant, the roots of which are in contact with a 0034) Free floating macrophytes (plants that typically float on or just under the water Surface with their roots in the Sustainable growth medium that is tailored to meet the water and not in Sediment) are a diverse group of aquatic nutritive needs of the plant(s) of interest. plants. Small free floating plants include duckweeds (Lemna 0026. Any aquatic and/or wetland plants can be used with spp.), mosquito fern (Azolla Caroliniana) and water fern the method of the present invention, Such as any emergent, (Salvinia spp.). Larger Surface floating plants include water floating-leaved, Submersed, and freely floating aquatic plant. hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), frog's bit (Limnobium Aquatic macrophytes, by definition, are the macroscopic SpOngia). (large enough to be observed by the naked eye) forms of aquatic and wetland plants found in water bodies. The term 0035 Free floating species are entirely dependent on the aquatic macrophytes refers to a diverse group of aquatic water for their nutrient Supply. In fact, Some (e.g., water plants and encompasses flowering vascular plants, mosses, hyacinth) have been used in wastewater treatment to remove ferns, and macroalgae. exceSS nutrients. 0027 Emergent macrophytes (plants that are rooted in 0036) Thus, the shelf-stable aquatic plant product of the Substrate with the tops of the plant extending into the air) invention includes a Sterile, Sealed container with one grow on periodically inundated or Submersed Soils. Most aduatic plant or a plurality of aquatic plants, for example, a emergent macrophytes are perennials (plants or plant parts combination of one or more aquatic plant Species.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Invasive Alien Plants an Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent
    Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent EDITED BY I.R. BHATT, J.S. SINGH, S.P. SINGH, R.S. TRIPATHI AND R.K. KOHL! 019eas Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent FSC ...wesc.org MIX Paper from responsible sources `FSC C013604 CABI INVASIVE SPECIES SERIES Invasive species are plants, animals or microorganisms not native to an ecosystem, whose introduction has threatened biodiversity, food security, health or economic development. Many ecosystems are affected by invasive species and they pose one of the biggest threats to biodiversity worldwide. Globalization through increased trade, transport, travel and tour- ism will inevitably increase the intentional or accidental introduction of organisms to new environments, and it is widely predicted that climate change will further increase the threat posed by invasive species. To help control and mitigate the effects of invasive species, scien- tists need access to information that not only provides an overview of and background to the field, but also keeps them up to date with the latest research findings. This series addresses all topics relating to invasive species, including biosecurity surveil- lance, mapping and modelling, economics of invasive species and species interactions in plant invasions. Aimed at researchers, upper-level students and policy makers, titles in the series provide international coverage of topics related to invasive species, including both a synthesis of facts and discussions of future research perspectives and possible solutions. Titles Available 1.Invasive Alien Plants : An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent Edited by J.R. Bhatt, J.S. Singh, R.S. Tripathi, S.P.
    [Show full text]
  • State of New York City's Plants 2018
    STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnobotany and Popular Culture in the Use of Plants in Settlements on the Southern Edge of Southern Pantanal Mato Grosso
    193 Original Article ETHNOBOTANY AND POPULAR CULTURE IN THE USE OF PLANTS IN SETTLEMENTS ON THE SOUTHERN EDGE OF SOUTHERN PANTANAL MATO GROSSO ETNOBÔTANICA E A CULTURA POPULAR NO USO DE PLANTAS EM ASSENTAMENTOS NA BORDA SUL DO PANTANAL SUL-MATO-GROSSENSE Jorge de Souza PINTO 1,2 ; Ademir Kleber Morbeck de OLIVEIRA 3; Valtecir FERNANDES 2; Rosemary MATIAS 3 1. Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus do Pantanal, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; 2. Postgraduate Program in Environment and Regional Development, University Anhanguera-Uniderp, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; 3. University Anhanguera- Uniderp, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [email protected] ABSTRACT: Popular culture and its relationship with plants has been the subject of scientific studies and brought significant contributions to science. In this assessment, developed in two settlements in Corumbá and Ladário, Mato Grosso do Sul, was evaluated the use of plants for medicinal purposes. A structured questionnaire was administered to 10 raizeiros , residents of the area, asking which plants were used by them, their methods of preparation and therapeutic indications. Fifty-five plants from 28 families were catalogued among plants native to the region and of exotic and/or external origin, only 40% were native. The predominant form of use is tea (41 citations), followed by infusion (16 citations). The most used parts are the leaves, with 43 citations, followed by flowers (6 citations). There is a predominance of the type of problem for which the plant is used, with 12 citations for problems in the respiratory system, followed by eight for kidney and liver problems and seven for the stomach.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Phasirna Loci and DICER-LIKE5, but Not Microrna
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.25.061721; this version posted April 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Reproductive phasiRNA loci and DICER‐LIKE5, but not microRNA loci, diversified in monocotyledonous plants Parth Patel2§, Sandra M. Mathioni1§, Reza Hammond2, Alex E. Harkess1, Atul Kakrana2, Siwaret Arikit3, Ayush Dusia2, and Blake C. Meyers1,2,4* 1Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, Missouri 63132 2Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 3Department of Agronomy, Kamphaeng Saen and Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand 4Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 §These authors contributed equally to this work. *Corresponding author: [email protected] bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.25.061721; this version posted April 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Abstract (200 words) 2 In monocots other than maize and rice, the repertoire and diversity of microRNAs (miRNAs) and 3 the populations of phased, secondary, small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) are poorly 4 characterized. To remedy this, we sequenced small RNAs from vegetative and dissected 5 inflorescence tissue in 28 phylogenetically diverse monocots and from several early‐diverging 6 angiosperm lineages, as well as publicly available data from 10 additional monocot species.
    [Show full text]
  • Low Risk Aquarium and Pond Plants
    Plant Identification Guide Low-risk aquarium and pond plants Planting these in your pond or aquarium is environmentally-friendly. Glossostigma elatinoides, image © Sonia Frimmel. One of the biggest threats to New Zealand’s waterbodies is the establishment and proliferation of weeds. The majority of New Zealand’s current aquatic weeds started out as aquarium and pond plants. To reduce the occurrence of new weeds becoming established in waterbodies this guide has been prepared to encourage the use of aquarium and pond plants that pose minimal risk to waterbodies. Guide prepared by Dr John Clayton, Paula Reeves, Paul Champion and Tracey Edwards, National Centre of Aquatic Biodiversity and Biosecurity, NIWA with funding from the Department of Conservation. The guides will be updated on a regular basis and will be available on the NIWA website: www.niwa.co.nz/ncabb/tools. Key to plant life-forms Sprawling marginal plants. Grow across the ground and out over water. Pond plants Short turf-like plants. Grow in shallow water on the edges of ponds and foreground of aquariums. Includes very small plants (up to 2-3 cm in height). Most species can grow both submerged (usually more erect) and emergent. Pond and aquarium plants Tall emergent plants. Can grow in water depths up to 2 m deep depending on the species. Usually tall reed-like plants but sometimes with broad leaves. Ideal for deeper ponds. Pond plants Free floating plants. These plants grow on the water surface and are not anchored to banks or bottom substrates. Pond and aquarium plants Floating-leaved plants. Water lily-type plants.
    [Show full text]
  • SOME OBSERVATIONS on the IMPORTANCE of Aponogeton Rigidifolius in ENDEMIC FISH BREEDING HABITATS Iitloya
    Kfflhories and Aquatic Resources, 2004 SO M E OBSERVATIONS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF Aponogeton rigidifolius IN ENDEMIC FISH BREEDING HABITATS A.S.L.E. Corea,jM.S.S. Jayasekara and N.N.E Cooray Notional Aquatic Resources Research and Development agency (NARA), Crow Island, Mattakkuliya, Colombo 15, Sri Lanka Aponogeton rigidifolius is an endemic aquatic plant with thin long laiives extending to over 0.5m in length. This species is mainly found in ilroams in the wet zone. Fish species associated with A.' rigidifolius were sampled using a drag net made of mosquito netting material. The net was dragged 10 times And the mean number of fish caught per net was recorded. In areas with a dShse population of A. rigidifolius (82 ± 6.33 plants / m2) with leaf size 46 ± 10.2 cm, the number of R. vaterifloris collected per net sample was 32 ± 5.6. The size range of fish collected was 0.8 - 3.0 cm. In the areas with dense patches of A. rigidifolius, the dominant species was R. vaterifloris. The number of R. vaterifloris caught per net sample in areas where there were no A. rigidifolius was <10, and the size range of fish in these areas was 1.4 * 2,8 cm. The fry which were <1.2 cm in total length were found only in siBIOciation with A. rigidifolius. They were found in these habitats throughout lb® year. A total of 600 plants of A. rigidifolius was introduced to a site of 10 m® In the same stream devoid of vegetation. At the point of introduction two inclemic species, namely Belontia signata (size 1.5 - 6.0 cm, 14±2.33 fish / hffit) and Puntius titteya (size 1.5 - 3.0 cm, 6+1.1 fish / net) were observed at lb® site of introduction.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Plant Propagation 8X5 Final Back-Up2a
    Aquatic Plant Propagation Rooted floating leaved and Copyright ã 2003 marginal/emergent plants Use and reproduction of this information is not authorized for any purpose without prior written permission of the copyright holder. All information contained in this publication which is not original material has been included under fair use provisions, not being used for any commercial uses and contributors have been given full biographical credit. Compiled for the Colorado Water Garden Society by Rebecca Nash and Cyndie Thomas using the following sources: Nash, Helen, and Steve Stroupe, Aquatic Plants and Their Cultivation, New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. 1998 Hartmann, Hudson T. and Dale E.Kester, Plant Propagation Principles and Practices, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1983 Slocum, Perry D. and Peter Robinson, with Frances Perry, Water Gardening Water Lilies and Lotuses, Portland: Timberline Press 1996 Cover drawing an adaptation from illustrations presented by IFAS Center for Aquatic Plants, University of Florida, Gainsville. Colorado Water Garden Society 8 Aquatic Plant Propagation Planting Methods Tropical Water Lilies Propagation is the making of more plants to keep a plant variety going. Propagation Mexicana/upright type rhizomes should be prepared for and Upright type is also done to improve the health of a plant. Dividing and repotting a plant planting in the same way as other rhizomes. Placement of stimulates growth. Most aquatic plants need dividing every two years, some more Mexicana Hardy the plant in the new pot will be centered, with the growing tip above the soil level. often. Water Lilies. Planting Methods for small growing “eyes” Common Types of Propagation Small growing “eyes” should be potted in 4” pots in the same manner as larger rhizomes and grown to flowering size.
    [Show full text]
  • Echinodorus Tenellus (Martius) Buchenau Dwarf Burhead
    New England Plant Conservation Program Echinodorus tenellus (Martius) Buchenau Dwarf burhead Conservation and Research Plan for New England Prepared by: Donald J. Padgett, Ph.D. Department of Biological Sciences Bridgewater State College Bridgewater, Massachusetts 02325 For: New England Wild Flower Society 180 Hemenway Road Framingham, MA 01701 508/877-7630 e-mail: [email protected] • website: www.newfs.org Approved, Regional Advisory Council, May 2003 1 SUMMARY The dwarf burhead, Echinodorus tenellus (Mart.) Buch. (Alismataceae) is a small, aquatic herb of freshwater ponds. It occurs in shallow water or on sandy or muddy pond shores that experience seasonal drawdown, where it is most evident in the fall months. Overall, the species is widely distributed, but is rare (or only historical or extirpated) in almost every United States state in its range. This species has been documented from only four stations in New England, the northern limits of its range, with occurrences in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Connecticut possesses New England’s only extant population. The species is ranked globally as G3 (rare or uncommon), regionally by Flora Conservanda as Division 1 (globally rare) and at the regional State levels as endangered (Connecticut) or historic/presumed extirpated (Massachusetts). Threats to this species include alterations to the natural water level fluctuations, sedimentation, invasive species and their control, and off-road vehicle traffic. The conservation objectives for dwarf burhead are to maintain, protect, and study the species at its current site, while attempting to relocate historic occurrences. Habitat management, regular surveys, and reproductive biology research will be utilized to meet the overall conservation objectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Aponogeton Pollen from the Cretaceous and Paleogene of North America and West Greenland: Implications for the Origin and Palaeobiogeography of the Genus☆
    Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 200 (2014) 161–187 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/revpalbo Research paper Aponogeton pollen from the Cretaceous and Paleogene of North America and West Greenland: Implications for the origin and palaeobiogeography of the genus☆ Friðgeir Grímsson a,⁎, Reinhard Zetter a, Heidemarie Halbritter b, Guido W. Grimm c a University of Vienna, Department of Palaeontology, Althanstraße 14 (UZA II), Vienna, Austria b University of Vienna, Department of Structural and Functional Botany, Rennweg 14, Vienna, Austria c Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden article info abstract Article history: The fossil record of Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae) is scarce and the few reported macrofossil findings are in Received 15 January 2013 need of taxonomic revision. Aponogeton pollen is highly diagnostic and when studied with light microscopy Received in revised form 4 September 2013 (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) it cannot be confused with any other pollen types. The fossil Accepted 22 September 2013 Aponogeton pollen described here represent the first reliable Cretaceous and Eocene records of this genus world- Available online 3 October 2013 wide. Today, Aponogeton is confined to the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, but the new fossil records show that during the late Cretaceous and early Cenozoic it was thriving in North America and Greenland. The Keywords: Alismatales late Cretaceous pollen record provides important data for future phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies Aponogetonaceae focusing on basal monocots, especially the Alismatales. The Eocene pollen morphotypes from North America aquatic plant and Greenland differ in morphology from each other and also from the older Late Cretaceous North American early angiosperm pollen morphotype, indicating evolutionary trends and diversification within the genus over that time period.
    [Show full text]
  • Echinodorus Uruguayensis Arechav
    Weed Risk Assessment for United States Echinodorus uruguayensis Arechav. Department of Agriculture (Alismataceae) – Uruguay sword plant Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service April 8, 2013 Version 1 Habit of E. uruguayensis in an aquarium (source: http://www.aquariumfish.co.za/pisces/plant_detail.php?details=10). Agency Contact: Plant Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Laboratory Center for Plant Health Science and Technology Plant Protection and Quarantine Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture 1730 Varsity Drive, Suite 300 Raleigh, NC 27606 Weed Risk Assessment for Echinodorus uruguayensis Introduction Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) regulates noxious weeds under the authority of the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. § 7701-7786, 2000) and the Federal Seed Act (7 U.S.C. § 1581-1610, 1939). A noxious weed is defined as “any plant or plant product that can directly or indirectly injure or cause damage to crops (including nursery stock or plant products), livestock, poultry, or other interests of agriculture, irrigation, navigation, the natural resources of the United States, the public health, or the environment” (7 U.S.C. § 7701-7786, 2000). We use weed risk assessment (WRA)—specifically, the PPQ WRA model (Koop et al., 2012)—to evaluate the risk potential of plants, including those newly detected in the United States, those proposed for import, and those emerging as weeds elsewhere in the world. Because the PPQ WRA model is geographically and climatically neutral, it can be used to evaluate the baseline invasive/weed potential of any plant species for the entire United States or for any area within it.
    [Show full text]
  • INTRODUCTION Echinodorus Is a Genus That Belongs to Alismataceae
    Naturalia (eISSN:2177 -0727) Rio Claro, v.3 3, p. 8-19 , 20 10 Year season on epicuticular waxes in leaves of Echinodorus grandiflorus (Cham. & Schltdl.) Micheli (Alismataceae) Walderez Moreira Joaquim 2, Elizabeth Orika Ono 3, Maria Luiza Faria Salatino4, João Domingos Rodrigues 3 2 Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP, 11244-000, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. 3 Instituto de Biociências, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Botânica, , C.P. 510, 18618-000, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, C.P. 11461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ABSTRACT The paper aimed to study the influence of different seasons of the year on epicuticular waxes in Echinodorus grandiflorus plants and to analyze the profile of n- alkanes in epicuticular waxes. The experiment used adventitious plantlets from the flower stem and approximately 10-cm-tall adventitious plantlets with an average of 4 to 5 leaves, planted in 10-liter pots containing a 40% soil, 40% rice hulls, and 20% vermicompost mixture. E. grandiflorus presented an intermediary profile between terrestrial and aquatic plants, with a main homologue C27 (heptacosane), followed by C25 (pentacosane) and C29 (nonacosane). The studies presented here provide information about ecological aspects and chemical and mechanical defenses of Echinodorus grandiflorus. Key words: phenology, n-alkanes, aquatic plants RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou estudar a influência das estações do ano sobre o conteúdo de ceras epicuticulares e a análise dos perfis dos n-alcanos da cera em folhas de Echinodorus grandiflorus . No experimento foram utilizadas mudas adventícias com aproximadamente 10 cm de altura e 4 a 5 folhas, que foram plantadas em vasos de 10 L, tendo como substrato a mistura de 40% de terra, 40% de palha de arroz e 20% de húmus de minhoca.
    [Show full text]
  • (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
    US 20060030489A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. N0.: US 2006/0030489 A1 Northcott et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 9, 2006 (54) AQUATIC PLANT PRODUCT AND METHOD Publication Classi?cation FOR MAKING GROWTH-SUSTAINING PLANT MATRIX (51) Int. Cl. A01N 39/02 (2006.01) (76) Inventors: Donald Owen Northcott, Cornwall A01H 9/00 (2006.01) (CA); Mark O. Hamran, Tea, SD (US) (52) Us. 01. .......................................... .. 504/323; 800/295 Correspondence Address: (57) ABSTRACT MARIO D. THERIAULT The invention consists of an aquatic plant product for resale, 812 HWY. 101 NASONWORTH having an extended shelf life, and a method for making the FREDERICTON, NB E3C 2B5 (CA) aquatic plant product. The aquatic plant product is made of a sealed container containing aquatic-plant-groWth-sustain (21) Appl. No.: 11/193,503 ing medium therein and an aquatic plant planted in that aquatic-plant-groWth-sustaining medium. The aquatic-plant (22) Filed: Aug. 1, 2005 groWth-sustaining medium contains a root-support material; at least one vitamin; sucrose; agar; distilled Water; micro Related US. Application Data nutrients containing iron; at least one hormone selected from a group consisting of auxin, naphthleneacetic acid, indole (60) Provisional application No. 60/599,985, ?led on Aug. 3-butric acid, cytokine, 2-isopentyladenine, 6 BenZylami 9, 2004. nopurine and any combination thereof. US 2006/0030489 A1 Feb. 9, 2006 AQUATIC PLANT PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR [0012] e) distilled Water; and MAKING GROWTH-SUSTAINING PLANT MATRIX [0013] f) at least one hormone selected from the list [0001] This application claims the bene?ts of provisional consisting of auxin, naphthleneacetic acid, indole-3-butric application Ser.
    [Show full text]