The MECHANISMS of the Informational Activity of the GPU-NKVD the Surveillance File of Mykhailo Hrushevsky

Cahiers du monde russe Russie - Empire russe - Union soviétique et États indépendants 42/2-4 | 2001 La police politique en Union soviétique, 1918-1953

The MECHANISMS of the informational activity of the GPU-NKVD The surveillance file of Mykhailo Hrushevsky

Iurii I. SHAPOVAL

Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/monderusse/8450 DOI : 10.4000/monderusse.8450 ISSN : 1777-5388

Éditeur Éditions de l’EHESS

Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 avril 2001 Pagination : 207-230 ISBN : 2-7132-1398-3 ISSN : 1252-6576

Référence électronique Iurii I. SHAPOVAL, « The MECHANISMS of the informational activity of the GPU-NKVD », Cahiers du monde russe [En ligne], 42/2-4 | 2001, mis en ligne le 01 janvier 2007, Consulté le 19 avril 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/monderusse/8450 ; DOI : 10.4000/monderusse.8450

The MECHANISMS of the informational activity of the GPU-NKVD. The surveillance file of Mykhailo Hrushevsky par Iurii I. SHAPOVAL

| Editions de l'EHESS | Cahiers du monde russe

2001/2-3-4 - Vol 42 ISSN 1252-6576 | ISBN 2713213983 | pages 207 à 230

Pour citer cet article : — SHAPOVAL I., The MECHANISMS of t he informat ional activity of the GPU-NKVD. The surveillance file of Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Cahiers du monde russe 2001/ 2-3-4, Vol 42, p. 207-230.

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IURII I. SHAPOVAL

THE MECHANISMS OF THE INFORMATIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE GPU-NKVD

The surveillance file of Mykhailo Hrushevsky

To begin, I will focus briefly on the meaning of the word “dossier” (delo- formuliar). As is known, there were two basic categories of secret informers in the Soviet political police: the informer (osvedomitel’), who provided so-called primary information, and the agent (agent), who took part in the operative surveillance of an individual. The keeping of dossiers began with informers. These cases would be opened when information about concrete individuals was considered sufficiently important. Cases were initiated by various operative divisions after preliminary verification of the primary information. In the case of Mykhailo Hrushevsky, dossier no. 1023 was opened on March 24, 1924, by a resolution of H. Eimontov, the official in charge of the 1st group of the Counter-Intelligence Department of the GPU department of Kyiv guberniia. Like others, this division was engaged in the study of all categories of the population considered important within society at that time, including the scientific intelligentsia. The main pretext for launching the case was the fact that Hrushevsky was not simply a distinguished Ukrainian scholar, but at one time had also been very engaged in political activity. His “crime” lay in the fact that he had headed the Tsentral´na Rada (Central Council) that resisted the Bolsheviks in 1917-1918. It was this very circumstance that became the basis not only for opening a dossier, but also for gathering further information about him. For this reason the case was launched “according to the color