The Chinese Corporatist State
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Hong Kong SAR
China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Ethnobotanical Study on Wild Edible Plants Used by Three Trans-Boundary Ethnic Groups in Jiangcheng County, Pu’Er, Southwest China
Ethnobotanical study on wild edible plants used by three trans-boundary ethnic groups in Jiangcheng County, Pu’er, Southwest China Yilin Cao Agriculture Service Center, Zhengdong Township, Pu'er City, Yunnan China ren li ( [email protected] ) Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0810-0359 Shishun Zhou Shoutheast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Liang Song Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center for Intergrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ruichang Quan Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Huabin Hu CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Keywords: wild edible plants, trans-boundary ethnic groups, traditional knowledge, conservation and sustainable use, Jiangcheng County Posted Date: September 29th, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-40805/v2 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Version of Record: A version of this preprint was published on October 27th, 2020. See the published version at https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-020-00420-1. Page 1/35 Abstract Background: Dai, Hani, and Yao people, in the trans-boundary region between China, Laos, and Vietnam, have gathered plentiful traditional knowledge about wild edible plants during their long history of understanding and using natural resources. The ecologically rich environment and the multi-ethnic integration provide a valuable foundation and driving force for high biodiversity and cultural diversity in this region. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement March 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 31 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 38 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 54 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 58 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 65 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 69 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 March 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
3/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:(040)4107945 Contributors: Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Dr. Günter Schucher Dr. Margot Schüller Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 30 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 34 Hong Kong SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 36 Macau SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 39 Taiwan Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 41 Bibliography of Articles on the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and on Taiwan UWE KOTZEL / LIU JEN-KAI / CHRISTINE REINKING / GÜNTER SCHUCHER 43 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 3/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: Liu Yunshan PBm CCSm 02/10 Huang Ju 02/11 -
The Journal of Gemmology Editor: Dr R.R
he Journa TGemmolog Volume 25 No. 8 October 1997 The Gemmological Association and Gem Testing Laboratory of Great Britain Gemmological Association and Gem Testing Laboratory of Great Britain 27 Greville Street, London Eel N SSU Tel: 0171 404 1134 Fax: 0171 404 8843 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.gagtl.ac.uklgagtl President: Professor R.A. Howie Vice-Presidents: LM. Bruton, Af'. ram, D.C. Kent, R.K. Mitchell Honorary Fellows: R.A. Howie, R.T. Liddicoat Inr, K. Nassau Honorary Life Members: D.). Callaghan, LA. lobbins, H. Tillander Council of Management: C.R. Cavey, T.]. Davidson, N.W. Decks, R.R. Harding, I. Thomson, V.P. Watson Members' Council: Aj. Allnutt, P. Dwyer-Hickey, R. fuller, l. Greatwood. B. jackson, J. Kessler, j. Monnickendam, L. Music, l.B. Nelson, P.G. Read, R. Shepherd, C.H. VVinter Branch Chairmen: Midlands - C.M. Green, North West - I. Knight, Scottish - B. jackson Examiners: A.j. Allnutt, M.Sc., Ph.D., leA, S.M. Anderson, B.Se. (Hons), I-CA, L. Bartlett, 13.Se, .'vI.phil., I-G/\' DCi\, E.M. Bruton, FGA, DC/\, c.~. Cavey, FGA, S. Coelho, B.Se, I-G,\' DGt\, Prof. A.T. Collins, B.Sc, Ph.D, A.G. Good, FGA, f1GA, Cj.E. Halt B.Sc. (Hons), FGr\, G.M. Howe, FG,'\, oo-, G.H. jones, B.Se, PhD., FCA, M. Newton, B.Se, D.PhiL, H.L. Plumb, B.Sc., ICA, DCA, R.D. Ross, B.5e, I-GA, DGA, P..A.. Sadler, 13.5c., IGA, DCA, E. Stern, I'GA, DC/\, Prof. I. -
The Chinese Liberal Camp in Post-June 4Th China
The Chinese Liberal Camp [/) OJ > been a transition to and consolidation of "power elite capital that economic development necessitated further reforms, the in Post-June 4th China ism" (quangui zibenzhuyr), in which the development of the provocative attacks on liberalism by the new left, awareness of cruellest version of capitalism is dominated by the the accelerating pace of globalisation, and the posture of Jiang ~ Communist bureaucracy, leading to phenomenal economic Zemin's leadership in respect to human rights and rule of law, OJ growth on the one hand and endemic corruption, striking as shown by the political report of the Fifteenth Party []_ social inequalities, ecological degeneration, and skilful politi Congress and the signing of the "International Covenant on D... cal oppression on the other. This unexpected outcome has Economic, Social and Cultural Rights" and the "International This paper is aa assessment of Chinese liberal intellectuals in the two decades following June 4th. It provides an disheartened many democracy supporters, who worry that Covenant on Civil and Political Rights."'"' analysis of the intellectual development of Chinese liberal intellectuals; their attitudes toward the party-state, China's transition is "trapped" in a "resilient authoritarian The core of the emerging liberal camp is a group of middle economic reform, and globalisation; their political endeavours; and their contributions to the project of ism" that can be maintained for the foreseeable future. (3) age scholars who can be largely identified as members of the constitutional democracy in China. However, because it has produced unmanageably acute "Cultural Revolution Generation," including Zhu Xueqin, social tensions and new social and political forces that chal Xu Youyu, Qin Hui, He Weifang, Liu junning, Zhang lenge the one-party dictatorship, Market-Leninism is not actu Boshu, Sun Liping, Zhou Qiren, Wang Dingding and iberals in contemporary China understand liberalism end to the healthy trend of politicalliberalisation inspired by ally that resilient. -
Athletics Result D3A3 2011-2012
Inter-School Athletics Championships 2011/2012 HK Island & Kowloon Division Three (Area 3) Final Results Boys A Grade 100m 200m 1 Hui Lap Kei PLKCHYT 11.59 1 Ellison Max Lawrence RS 24.13 2 Mak Ting Hei HKUGA 11.67 2 Ng Kar Wang Frederick YCKMC-2 24.47 3 Ng Tsz Fai IKTMC 11.86 3 Lau Ko Fai BHSC 24.72 4 Lau Ko Fai BHSC 11.90 4 Lam Ho Tsun HKSS 24.73 5 Ng Kar Wang FrederickYCKMC-2 11.96 5 Su Zhi Kai PLKCHYT 24.76 6 Chan Chi Keung WKIU 12.13 6 Rana Asaf Feroz IKTMC 25.03 7 Ellison Max Lawrence RS 12.17 7 Ng Tsz Fai IKTMC 25.12 8 Lam Wai Ho WKIU 12.42 400m 800m 1 To Lok Yiu UCC-KE 54.42 1 Cheung Hok Yin PYSS 2 : 13.46 2 Rana Asaf Feroz IKTMC 55.32 2 So Po Sang TVGSS 2 : 15.60 3 Ngai Wing Sing TKPS 55.55 3 Li Chung Hin LSTWCM 2 : 16.76 4 Tam Chi Wai Lesile GTEYC 56.06 4 Lam Kwok Wing SKHKH 2 : 18.27 5 Wong Tsz Fung SKHKH 56.33 5 Wan Shun Hung UCC-KE 2 : 18.83 6 Tsoi Ho Shun Norris SKHTKP 58.28 6 Ng Ka Wing PLKCHYT 2 : 19.84 7 Ma Siu Hei Winston SKHLMC 58.51 7 Chow Pik Yu HS 2 : 21.86 8 Li Lok Hang RS 1 : 0.28 8 Ma Siu Hei Winston SKHLMC 2 : 21.89 1500m 5000m 1 Luk Chok Yan PLKCHYT 4 : 37.67 1 Luk Chok Yan PLKCHYT 17 : 36.62 2 Choy Shing Hei UCC-KE 4 : 47.55 2 Wong Tin Yuet TKPS 18 : 48.63 3 Chiu Ting Hin KLC 4 : 51.74 3 Choy Shing Hei UCC-KE 18 : 49.03 4 Chan Yu Hin GTEYC 4 : 51.78 4 Chan Yu Hin GTEYC 19 : 8.80 5 Ng Ka Wing PLKCHYT 4 : 57.63 5 Lau Cheuk Hei HKSS 19 : 31.30 6 Chu Long San Elvis HKUGA 4 : 58.66 6 Wong Kam Yeung WKC 20 : 41.89 7 Chan For Fan TKPS 4 : 59.34 7 Chan Chun Wing SKHKH 20 : 43.13 8 Lau Cheuk Hei HKSS 4 : 59.63 8 Poon -
China's Provincial Leaders Await Promotion
Li, China Leadership Monitor, No.1 After Hu, Who?--China’s Provincial Leaders Await Promotion Cheng Li China’s provincial leadership is both a training ground for national leadership and a battleground among various political forces. Provincial chiefs currently carry much more weight than ever before in the history of the PRC. This is largely because the criteria for national leadership have shifted from revolutionary credentials such as participation in the Long March to administrative skills such as coalition-building. In addition, provincial governments now have more autonomy in advancing their own regional interests. Nonetheless, nepotism and considerations of factional politics are still evident in the recruitment of provincial leaders. Emerging top-level national leaders--including Hu Jintao, Zeng Qinghong, and Wen Jiabao--have all drawn on the pool of provincial leaders in building their factions, hoping to occupy more seats on the upcoming Sixteenth Central Committee and the Politburo. At the same time, new institutional mechanisms have been adopted to curtail various forms of nepotism. The unfolding of these contradictory trends will not only determine who will rule China after 2002, but even more importantly, how this most populous country in the world will be governed. During his recent visit to an elementary school in New Mexico, President George W. Bush offered advice to a child who hoped to become president. “If you want to be President, I would suggest you become a governor first,” said President Bush, “because governors make decisions, and that’s what presidents do.”1 What is true of the career path of American leaders seems also to be true of their counterparts in present-day China. -
The Future of Meritocracy: a Discussion of Daniel Bell's The
Journal of chinese humanities 4 (2�18) 49-64 brill.com/joch The Future of Meritocracy: A Discussion of Daniel Bell’s The China Model Zhang Yongle 章永樂 Professor of History, Peking University, China [email protected] Translated by Colleen Howe Abstract Compared to Wang Shaoguang’s approach to re-interpret the old concept “democracy” to overcome the Schumpeterian model of political legitimation, Daniel Bell’s Political Meritocracy takes a more challenging path, attempting to build a new discourse of legitimacy centering on the concept “meritocracy” and incorporating elements of ancient China’s traditions, the socialist revolutions in the twentieth century, and the system of competitive elections common in the Western world today. This inspiring work is full of incisive arguments, but could be improved by further considering the tension between the Confucian tradition and the revolutionary tradition in the twen- tieth century. Keywords Meritocracy – democracy – The China Model – Daniel Bell The end of the cold war was followed by a failure of political imagination. In 1989, Francis Fukuyama’s famous essay “The End of History?” although criti- cized by many, presented a belief (or at least a wish) commonly held in the West: the idea that any political system other than Western liberal democracy is doomed to failure. This belief is seriously short of historical sense. In the 1950s and 1960s, just as socialism was becoming increasingly influential, the United States—in the midst of the quagmire of the Vietnam War and domestic racial conflict—was © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2018 | doi:10.1163/23521341-12340057Downloaded from Brill.com09/24/2021 12:22:54AM via free access 50 Zhang hardly qualified to speak in defense of electoral democracy. -
The Spanish Civil War (1936–39)
12 CIVIL WAR CASE STUDY 1: THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR (1936–39) ‘A civil war is not a war but a sickness,’ wrote Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. ‘The enemy is within. One fights almost against oneself.’ Yet Spain’s tragedy in 1936 was even greater. It had become enmeshed in the international civil war, which started in earnest with the Bolshevik revolution. From Antony Beevor, The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939 , 2006 The Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936 after more than a century of social, economic and political division. Half a million people died in this conflict between 1936 and 1939. As you read through this chapter, consider the following essay questions: Ģ Why did a civil war break out in Spain in 1936? Ģ How significant was the impact of foreign involvement on the outcome of the Spanish Civil War? General Francisco Franco, the Ģ What were the key effects of the Spanish Civil War? leader who took Nationalist forces to victory in the Spanish Civil War. Timeline of events – 1820–1931 1820 The Spanish Army, supported by liberals, overthrows the absolute monarchy and makes Spain a constitutional monarchy in a modernizing revolution 1821 Absolute monarchy is restored to Spain by French forces in an attempt to reinstate the old order 1833 In an attempt to prevent a female succession following the death of King Ferdinand, there is a revolt by ‘Carlists’. The army intervenes to defeat the Carlists, who nevertheless remain a strong conservative force in Spanish politics (see Interesting Facts box) 1833–69 The army’s influence in national politics increases during the ‘rule of the Queens’ 1869–70 Anarchist revolts take place against the state 1870–71 The monarchy is overthrown and the First Republic is established 1871 The army restores a constitutional monarchy 1875–1918 During this period the constitutional monarchy allows for democratic elections. -
Professor Wang, I Would First Like You to Describe The
Political change and democracy in China An interview with Wang Shaoguang Émilie FRENKIEL Can Western political concepts accurately describe the Chinese political regime? In this interview, Wang Shaoguang defines democracy as “a combination of responsibility, responsiveness, and accountability”. He claims that only when political reform is no longer solely equated with competitive elections can the true nature of political change in China come to light. Wang Shaoguang is a chair professor and chairperson in the Department of Government and Public Administration, a Changjiang1 Professor in the School of Public Policy and Management at Tsinghua University in Beijing, a non-official member of the Commission on Strategic Development of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the chief editor of The China Review, an interdisciplinary journal on greater China. He belongs to the first promotion of students to enter University after the Cultural Revolution in 1977. He first studied in the Law department at Beijing University. He later obtained his PhD in Political Science at Cornell University (Ithaca, New York) in 1990. He then taught politics at Yale University (New Haven, Connecticut) from 1990 to 2000 before settling in Hong Kong. His research interests include political economy, comparative politics, fiscal politics, democratization, and economic and political development in former socialist countries and East Asian countries. He is also known to be among the rare scholars, with the liberal Xu Youyu, to strive to publish studies on the Cultural Revolution. 1 The Changjiang scholarship program is part of the strategy adopted by the Chinese leadership to recruit talents from overseas and enhance the country’s international competitiveness in higher education. -
The Formation of Foreign Public Opinion in the Spanish Civil War: Motives, Methods, and Effectiveness
The Formation of Foreign Public Opinion in the Spanish Civil War: Motives, Methods, and Effectiveness Author: Stuart T Leslie Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/383 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2004 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. BOSTON COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY The Formation of Foreign Public Opinion in the Spanish Civil War: Motives, Methods, and Success By Stuart Leslie HONORS THESIS APRIL 2004 ADVISER: Pr. James Cronin Table of Conte nts I. Who Will Write? 1 II. The Case from Burgos 9 III . The Case from Madrid 33 IV. History’s Verdict 59 V. Bibliography 73 Who Will Write? While victors generally disagree, common wisdom holds that it is they who wri te the history. The Spanish Civil War, however, had no conclusive winner. While Francisco Franco ousted his opponents and clung to power for nearly four decades after the end of hostility, the international movement for which he stood was discredited within six years. Following their military defeat, Franco’s enemies moved into exile and became the heroes of anti -Fascism when it had become a universal value. While Franco controlled the archives and presses in Spain, his enemies could not be silenced. Though the military phase of the war ended in 1939, the fight for ‘hearts and minds’ continued for decades. Ironically, when the Caudillo finally died in 1975, the people of Spain tacitly agreed to a pacto de olviedo (pact of forgetfulness), ignoring the legacy of the war, and Franco, entirely.