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D European & Security ES & Defence 2/2020 International Security and Defence Journal

COUNTRY FOCUS: ISSN 1617-7983

Mortar Developments www.-sd.com • • • Polish Technical Modernisation Plan • Small Arms Ammunition • Naval Warfare: The US View • Aircraft Protection • / Spotter Optics • ’s Defence Investment

February 2020 • Urban Assault Technology • ’s Strategic Game in Africa

Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology

Editorial

European Hubris – Ecologically Packaged

With Brexit the has lost a voice of reason which in recent years was able to prevent the worst from happening by speaking up whenever state intervention was promoted over the market economy, and centralism over the diversity of European identities and concepts of order. Those in Europe who rejoice at the warning that the UK sends Brussels with its departure will soon be longing for the good old days. "If only they had stuck with it", they will say. Perhaps the chance of driving the essentially intransigent European Union to reform would have been far greater. Now things are turning out the way they should not. Europeans had a first taste of what to expect as soon as the new – established amidst the usual birth pangs – took office. No one will rule out the possibility that a rapidly growing world population, with its current economic systems, will have an impact on the climate. Nobody will deny that it is the task of responsible politicians to address this issue without joining in the doomsday campaigns of radical anti-capitalists. However, the so-called "Green Deal", of which the new EU Commission, under its President , has championed the cause, does not fulfil its remit. Spin doctors were at work here, with the intention of achieving a PR coup, but neitherclimate experts nor even bu- reaucrats, with all their expertise in keeping such a complex construct as the EU afloat. Above all, however, and this is something of which the President of the Commission is particularly guilty, an idée fixe of German domestic policy, which can only be understood in a few other Member States, has been elevated to a European paradigm. At the end of the Merkel era, the prevailing view in Berlin is that, soon, a socially acceptable and ma- jority-capable government alliance will only be possible between the once-conservative Christian Democrats and the once left-wing Greens. A common basis for this is being investigated right now in Berlin. But in most EU countries there are neither effective Christian Democrat nor relevant Green parties: those nations still focus on the classic issues of how to combat youth unemployment, maintain standards of living and avoid poverty in old age. There are many countries that are concerned about internal security, and some, particularly in the East of the continent, even external security. Almost every- where people would like to have an answer to the question of manageable, humanitar- ian migration. Were the "Green Deal" merely an otherwise inconsequential German imposition on an ultimately uninterested public, or perhaps even an honest attempt to redirect the econ- omy ecologically, without collateral damage to third parties, it could be ignored, or even accepted. However, the fanatical determination with which the new EU Commission seems to want to make over-arching European history through the Green Deal does not allow easy acceptance.In EU countries, the economic and innovative strength of which has been flagging for decades, and which remain mired in a financial crisis that has yet to be overcome, it could spark further massive upheavals. Even though every state and every alliance of states has the indubitable right to weaken itself economically if other goals are valued more highly, and if others are not affected, from the outset the Green Deal is revolutionary. Once again, Europeans know better, have finally discovered a new global political mission, and those who will not listen will be made to suffer.

At the World Economic Forum in Davos, von der Leyen put forward the idea that CO2 duties might be levied on imports from companies – beyond the reach of EU regula- tions – that undermine European climate policy. Perhaps it would be better in Brussels to consider where and how existing trade barriers that still hamper prosperity might be removed instead of threatening new, ideologically motivated obstacles. If the EU does not put a stop to the euphoric, navel-gazing hubris of its Commission, it will not only increase its disintegration, but it will continue to lose its global relevance.

Peter Bossdorf

2/2020 · European Security & Defence 1 Contents Photo: FLIR

SECURITY POLICY ARMAMENT & TECHNOLOGY

10 Russia’s Strategic Game in Africa 59 Mortars – Accuracy through Munitions, Stephen Blank Fire Control and Aiming Tim Guest 16 China’s Submarine Fleet in the Arctic Debalina Ghoshal 66 Dual Use Military Equipment and Techniques Transferred 20 Russia’s Strategic Response to the Euro-Atlantic to the Law Enforcement Environment Security Framework Beka Kiria David Saw 22 EU Counter- Strategy 70 Taking The Long View Andreea Stoian Karadeli Day and Night Optics for the Sniper Team David Saw 75 Israeli Spotting and Sniping Optics COUNTRY FOCUS: FINLAND Arie Egozi

27 Monitoring Finland’s Air Space 78 Enhanced Urban Assault Technology Alan Warnes Sidney E. Dean 30 The Finnish Navy – ‘Leaner and Meaner’ 83 Small Arms Ammunition Developments Guy Toremans Sidney E. Dean 36 “We are under no illusions about the current 87 The Art of Protecting Flight Crews security challenges in the Baltic region.” Aircraft Self-Protection Systems Interview with Rear Jori Harju, Georg Mader Commander of the Finnish Navy 92 Simulation and Training 38 The Finnish Defence Industry in the Gulf Region A Different Approach to Supporting Defence Capabilities Joris Verbeurgt Tuija Karanko

ARMED FORCES INDUSTRY AND MARKETS

39 Polish Armed Forces to set new Modernisation Goals 95 WALRUS SSK Replacement Michał Jarocki Takes Centre Stage The NIDV Defence and Security Exhibition in Rotterdam 48 India’s Defence Modernisation Programmes Suman Sharma Pieter Bastiaans 53 “Naval warfare is undergoing a rapid transition” 100 “A better system at a much better price” Interview with Admiral Michael ‘Mike’ Gilday, Interview with Christophe Fontaine, Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), US Navy Director Strategic Development for Europe, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc. 56 Czech Air Force Modernisation Alan Warnes

2 European Security & Defence · 2/2020 THE BRUSSELS BACKDROP

98 The New European Commission Joris Verbeurgt Photo: Audun Rikardsen VIEWPOINT FROM …

14 Yerevan IMU TACTICAL GRADE Gayane Novikova

20 Tbilisi Beka Kiria

26 Copenhagen NEW J. Bo Leimand PRODUCT

46 Vienna Georg Mader

COLUMNS

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2/2020 · European Security & Defence 3 Periscope

New UAVs for the Spanish around 80% of the total net investment Elbit Systems Awarded Armed Forces as added value in . The same ap- US$144M Contract for Small (ck) Alpha Security and Defense (AS&D) has plies to the electronic systems that are to Calibre Ammunition delivered two ALPHA 800 rotary UAV sys- be supplied by Thales Nederland. Around (ck) Elbit Systems has been awarded a tems to the Spanish MoD’s Materiel Direc- 70% of the services will be provided by contract by the Production and Procure- torate (DGAM). The DGAM will have the the German subsidiary of Thales and by ment Directorate of the Israeli Ministry of two UAVs tested by the UME responder other German subcontractors. The MKS 180 project contributes to securing the export power of both Dutch and German naval construction in the longer term. The Photo: Elbit

Photo: Alpha project also opens perspectives for the requested European (defence equipment) cooperation. The Kiel-based German Na- val Yards shipyard will take legal against this procurement decision.

Mexican POLA Class Sea Trials unit (Unidad Militar de Emergencia). Clas- Completed Defense (IMOD) valued at approximately sified as small drones (<25Kg) the UME has (ck) The Mexican Navy, the Damen Ship- US$144M (approximately €130M) for the already undergone training and is flying the yards Group and its subcontractors have supply of small calibre ammunition to the Alpha 800s in preparation for emergency completed the successful sea trials of the Israeli Defense Forces. This five-year con- and disaster relief missions. ’s POLA Class frigate ARM tract, work on which will commence in A complete ALPHA 800 System includes: REFORMADOR. The trial programme 2021, will be a continuation of the existing • Two gasoline-powered rotary UAVs was comprehensive, including testing of multi-year contract with the IMOD. with dual sensor optical payload; platform and combat systems in addition • One GCASE DUO ground control sta- to the training of Mexican Navy crews. First Flight of Eurofighter tion; TYPHOON in Air Force • One GTRACK antenna for transmissions Configuration and data control. (ck) On the 23 December 2019, at the The delivery of the two ALPHA 800 UAVs Flight Test Centre of Leonardo Aircraft Photo: Damen consolidates the participation of Alpha Division in Turin-Caselle, the first Instru- Security and Defense in ’s RAPAZ mented Series Production TYPHOON programme, the objective of which is to (ISPA 6) designed according to the Kuwait evaluate best-of-breed UAVs in each size Air Force configuration successfully com- classification with MTOW <150kg and with pleted its first flight. The aircraft is the proven and tested ISTAR technology. first to fly the CAPTOR e-scan radar with ARM REFORMADOR is the latest example Phase Enhancement P3Eb, and this is a Damen and Blohm + Voss of how Damen forms partnerships with key milestone for the entry into service of Selected for German MKS180 navies around the world to build naval Eurofighter with the State of Kuwait. This Surface Combatants vessels in local yards. Damen has devel- standard is the most advanced variant of (ck) On 13 January 2020, the German oped a strong relationship with the Mexi- the fighter, with a package of capabili- BAAINBw procurement authorities an- can Navy over the last decade. This has ties that builds effectively on existing en- nounced the selection of Damen as the resulted in the construction and delivery hancement programmes. A contract for preferred bidder for at least four Class of more than ten naval vessels of various the supply of 28 Eurofighter TYPHOON MKS 180 multi-role combat ships for the designs. Damen has also worked closely German Navy. Damen is teamed with with yards like the ASTIMAR 20 naval ship- Blohm + Voss and Thales.The selection of yard in Salina Cruz, , the building the bid now requires parliamentary ap- yard of the frigate. These collaborative ef- proval by the German Government. The forts are ensuring a significant transfer of Photo: Eurofighter ships will be built at the Blohm + Voss technology and knowledge to the Mexi- shipyard in Hamburg and at other ship- can shipbuilding industry. The 107-metre yard locations belonging to the German long ARM REFORMADOR is the Mexican Lürssen Group. Damen intends to spend equivalent of Damen’s SIGMA Frigate 10514 and represents the tenth time that multi-role fighter aircraft was signed be- Damen’s has built a SIGMA frigate. The tween the Ministry of Defence of the unit for the Mexican Navy is a proven de- State of Kuwait and Leonardo on 5 April sign that takes advantageofthe expertise 2016. Under the terms of this programme, of the Dutch naval shipbuilding industry Leonardo acts as Eurofighter’s prime con-

Photo: German Navy which comprises renowned research in- tractor. The aircraft is scheduled to enter stitutes and a dedicated naval cluster of service with the State of Kuwait over the international specialist suppliers such as course of this year. While other aircraft in Thales. different Eurofighter partner companies

4 European Security & Defence · 2/2020 SECURITY POLICY 

are testing specific parts of this configura- Australian Defence Force under Project tion, including the development of the e- AIR 7003. GA-ASI RPAS are operated by scan radar in UK and Germany, this is the the US Air Force, US Army, US Marine Photo: GA-ASI first flight of the entire package. The capa- Corps, US Department of Homeland Se- bility package for Kuwait includes the in- curity and NASA. tegration of STORM SHADOW and BRIM- STONE and other air-to-surface weapons. IAI to Develop and Build Moreover, it foresees the integration of a (DAA) system for traffic-deconfliction in ’s National Communi- new advanced laser designator pod (the civil airspace. The flights were sponsored cation Satellite Lockheed Martin SNIPER Advanced Tar- by the Hellenic Air Force (HAF) and the (ck) Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) will geting Pod) that will expand Eurofighter’s Hellenic Coast Guard (HCG) and staged develop and build Israel’s national com- portfolio of cleared laser designator pods; out of Larissa Air Base in . The munication satellite, DROR 1. The satellite the introduction of the DRS-Cubic ACMI flights were performed for an audience P5 combat training pod and an enhanced of European military and civilian repre- navigation aid (VOR). sentatives.The MQ-9 configuration dem- Photo: IAI onstrated is operational in the US. Cur- GA-ASI Concludes rently GA-ASI aircraft systems support Successful MQ-9 Demon- the Italian Air Force, the UK Royal Air strations in Greece Force, the French Air Force, and the Span- (ck) General Atomics Aeronautical Sys- ish Air Force. The Ministry of Defence of tems, Inc (GA-ASI) concluded a series the has selected MQ-9 for of flight demonstrations using its MQ-9 the Royal Netherlands Air Force, and Remotely Piloted Aircraft Sys- Government of has approved tem (RPAS) on 19 December 2019. The Belgian Defence to negotiate the acqui- system is intended to meet Israel’s satel- demonstrations showcased the maritime sition of GA-ASI’s MQ-9B. In early De- lite communication needsfor the next 15 surveillance capabilities of the MQ-9, and cember, the Australian Government an- years. DROR 1 is primarily based on local the GA-ASI-developed Detect and Avoid nounced the selection of MQ-9B for the Israeli technologies developed at IAI, in-

Incorporating:

THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION ON NATIONAL SECURITY FOR ASIA

20 - 23 APRIL 2020 MITEC,

2/2020 · European Security & Defence 5 Periscope

cluding an advanced digital communica- munications systems by Leonardo, the Link Microtek to Supply tion payload and “smartphone in space” FRECCIA provide stactical and strategic Mobile Communications for capabilities, to provide communication mobility and force protection combined Type 26 Frigates agility throughout the satellite’s lifetime with firepower adequate for a wide range (ck) Link Microtek, a manufacturer of op- in space. The agreement signed between of operational scenarios. The contract, tical, RF and microwave products, has the Israeli Government and IAI represents worth €1.5Bn, takes advantage of funds received an order worth approximately the implementation of the Government’s allocated in the scope of the tri-ministerial £750,000 from Rohde & Schwarz to sup- decision from September 2018 to promote convention comprising the Ministries of ply its AZDEC secure optical MLC (mobile a long-term strategy for Israeli satellite Defence, Economic Development and Fi- local communications) systems for installa- communications. This decision stems from nance. The vehicles will be delivered to tion on the first three of the ’s the understanding that the capability for the Italian Army Second Medium Brigade. planned class of eight Type 26 frigates, communication independence is of critical which are due to enter service from the national importance, as well as enabling Lockheed Martin Awarded mid-2020s. Rohde & Schwarz is respon- the preservation of the knowledge and ex- Hypersonic OpFires Phase 3 sible for the supply and integration of all pertise gained over the past years. Contract communication systems on board the new The new satellite will be developed by IAI’s (ck) The Defense Advanced Research Type 26 vessels, having been selected for Systems, Missile, and Space Group, which Projects Agency (DARPA) has awarded this task by prime contractor BAE Systems. is dedicated to developing and building Lockheed Martin a US$31.9M contract The AZDEC optical MLC system provides na- air defence systems, such as the BARAK for the Operational Fires (OpFires) Phase 3 val personnel with secure, interference-free MX, the ARROW 2 and 3 weapon system, voice communications while allowing them advanced observation satellites, nano-sat- to roam away from their base positions, ellites, satellite launchers, as well as the BE- unhindered by any trailing wires. There RESHEET lunar lander, which reached the are no RF emissions and the optical signals Image: DARPA moon in 2019. IAI is the national hub of cannot be intercepted by any conventional expertise for radars, satellites, UAVs, civil method, so it is impossible for anyone to jam aviation, and cyber. the transmissions or eavesdrop on what is being said. The company will be supplying Iveco Under Contract complete systems for installation on HMS for FRECCIA , HMS BELFAST and HMS CAR- (ck) The contract for the procurement of DIFF, together with smaller-scale versions 30 FRECCIA 8x8 medium armoured ve- for the land-based integration facility that hicles (five combat and 25 anti-tank ver- Weapon System Integration programme. is used to test and verify the functionality of sions), including ten years of integrated OpFires seeks to develop and demonstrate logistics support, was signed on 27 De- an innovative ground-launched system to cember 2019 at Palazzo Guidoni, the enable a hypersonic boost glide missile residence of ’s General Secretariat of system to penetrate modern enemy air Defence and National Armaments Direc- defences and rapidly engage time-sensi- torate. The FRECCIA VBM is a proven 8x8 tive targets. The award for Phase 3 of the Photo: Link Micrtek OpFires programme will take the design from the initial requirements development through the Critical Design Review (CDR)

Photo: Iveco in late 2021. Integrated flight testing is scheduled to begin in 2022, with com- ponent and subsystem tests expected in the entire Type 26 communication system. 2021. Hypersonic weapons will provide a Deliveries will be completed by 2021. The survivable and affordable capability that picture shows a typical AZDEC optical com- will overcome distance in contested envi- munications system in use on the bridge of ronments using high speed, altitude and HMS IRON DUKE, one of the Royal Navy’s maneuverability. They amplify many of the Type 23 frigates. Armoured Fighting Vehicle (AIFV) enduring attributes of airpower – speed, and available in several versions (combat, range, flexibility and precision. Lockheed Germany Procures ENFORCER anti-tank, carrier and command Martin has played a significant role in the from MBDA post). The vehicle was developed through research, development and demonstra- (ck) MBDA has been awarded a contract cooperation between the General Secre- tion of hypersonic technologies for more for ENFORCER missile systems for the Ger- tariat of Defence - Directorate of Land Ar- than 30 years. The corporation has made man Armed Forces by the German Federal maments, the Italian Army General Staff significant investments in key technology Office of Bundeswehr Equipment, Infor- and Italian industry. Thanks to a hull de- and capability development – including mation Technology and In-Service Support signed to provide maximum protection, a hypersonic strike capabilities and defence (BAAINBw). Signed on 20 December 2019, powerful Iveco engine coupled with the systems against emerging hypersonic the contract will fulfil the German require- traditional H-drive, three steering axles, threats - and is supporting all branches of ment for a lightweight, day/night, preci- a HITFIST turret with 25 mm cannon and the US military on these hypersonic pro- sion-guided, shoulder-launched weapon advanced command, control and com- grammes. system with an effective range of more than

6 European Security & Defence · 2/2020 ARMAMENT & TECHNOLOGY 

1,800m. ENFORCER pro- corded mission data. RTMA significantly Northrop Grumman IR vides low-collateral pre- reduces MCM detect-to-engage timelines, Countermeasure System

Photo: MBDA cision effects capabilities as well as the real-time reacquisition and Completes Flight Testing against the threat from identification of bottom mines following (ck) Northrop Grumman Corporation’s Com- lightly armoured static traditional mine hunting sorties. mon Infrared Countermeasure (CIRCM) sys- and moving targets, tar- tem for the US Army has successfully com- Photo: Schiebel gets behind cover, and Northrop Grumman to pleted free flight missile testing at White against targets at long Lead IAMD IBCS Software Sands Missile Range. As part of this test, range, also in urban en- Transformation vironments. ENFORCER (ck) Northrop Grumman Corporation has is the result of a multi- been awarded a US$70M, 28-month con- national MBDA devel- tract to transform the software develop- opment effort, and will ment process for the US Army’s Integrated complement the WIRK- Air and Missile Defense (IAMD) Battle Com- Photo: Northrop Grumman MITTEL 90 shoulder-launched unguided mand System (IBCS) to an agile development munition capability in the German Armed framework. Under the contract, awarded by the CIRCM system was presented with en- Forces. MBDA is now set to complete quali- gagements in both single and multiple shot fication, and prepare for series production. scenarios while mounted to an aircraft that The modular design of the ENFORCER sys- hangs from an aerial cable. The successful tem enables a range of future development completion of this testing is a significant mile- options, including a prospective ‘family’ of Photo: US Army stone on the path to full rate production, indi- ENFORCER munitions for land, air and sea cating that CIRCM is ready to help protect US applications. Army aircraft from infrared threats. CIRCM is a lightweight countermeasure system that Northrop Grumman uses laser energy to defend rotary wing, tilt Completes Initial In-Water rotor and small fixed wing aircraft against Sonar Testing the Aviation Missile Technology Consortium infrared threats. Its modular, open systems (ck) Northrop Grumman Corporation’s (AMTC), Northrop Grumman and the US architecture allows it to be integrated with AQS-24 mine hunting sonar recently com- Army will partner to prototype an agile de- systems and sensors to address current and pleted initial in-water testing of a next- velopment process in order to build, test and emerging threats. generation Deploy and Retrieval (D&R) field capabilities faster to respond to current payload. Operated from the Mine Counter- and emerging needs. As part of the Agile 10,000+ R&S M3SR Software measures Unmanned Surface Vessel (MCM Technical Insertion initiative, IBCS was desig- Defined Radios Delivered USV), the AQS-24 D&R demonstrated that nated among a number of high priority pro- (ck) Today’s secure radio communication unmanned operations needed to perform grams to adopt an agile development meth- solutions must meet demanding radio a mine hunting mission off the MCM mis- odology to enable maturation of the system. frequency (RF) requirements as well as sion package aboard the littoral combat With its open systems architecture, IBCS ship (LCS). The MCM USV tests are ahead allows incorporation of current and future of planned user-operated evaluation sys- sensors and effectors, and enables interop- tem testing of the AQS-24 on LCSs. The erability with joint C2 and the ballistic missile company has multiple versions of the AQS- defence system. This modular open system 24 to provide mine hunting capabilities for architecture optimises the benefits of agile navies. The AQS-24B is a deployed system techniques and methodologies, including Photo: Rohde & Schwarz which uses side-scan sonar for real-time frequent, ongoing and rapid “agile sprints” to develop and test incremental software ad- vancements. This transformational approach will enable greater responsiveness to current provide high operating reliability. Rohde and emerging needs that support mission & Schwarz’s software defined radios (SDR) objectives and avoid costly rework later in are optimised for stationary and shipborne the development cycle. Designed to connect secure voice and data communication. the force for unified action against evolving Rohde & Schwarz’s manufacturing plant Photo: Northrop Grumman threats, IBCS is a net-centric command and in Memmingen, Germany has achieved a control system for the air and missile defence milestone: more than 10,000 R&S M3SR mission. IBCS enhances battlefield survivabil- SDRs have been delivered. A majority of detection, localisation and classification ity by creating a resilient self-healing network the delivered SDRs encompass the R&S of bottom and moored mines in addition of all available sensors that can reduce and M3SR Series 4400 VHF/UHF radios for to a laser line scanner for precise optical eliminate vectors of attack while providing line-of-sight (LOS) communication. The identification. Integration of the AQS-24 operators with a single integrated air picture plant in Memmingen is the centre of com- sonar with USVs allows for the real-time of unprecedented accuracy and a broader petence for mission-critical equipment. transmission of all AQS-24 data to a remote defended area. IBCS is managed by the US Capabilities include electronic module sonar operator, who can then commence Army Program Executive Office for Missiles assembly, microelectronics, microwave real-time mission analysis (RTMA) of all re- and Space, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. engineering, final production, and manu-

2/2020 · European Security & Defence 7 Periscope

facturing of test equipment for most of years, encompasses a total of 2,271 ve- ments on board the offshore patrol vessel Rohde & Schwarz’s own products. The hicles from RMMV’s HX family. As a first L’ADROITt, Naval Group installed a drone plant has a calibration laboratory that is step, 558 vehicles were ordered imme- system on the amphibious helicopter car- accredited by the German accreditation diately. A further call-off of 252 vehicles rier DIXMUIDE. This was first deployed in body (DAkkS) and an antenna test cham- followed in May 2019, and another 60 in stand-alone mode, in other words with- ber that is unique throughout Europe. November 2019. out being linked to the combat system The SDRs offer customers a wide range of but controlled by a console developed system interfaces and waveforms, includ- CAMCOPTER® S-100 by Naval Group and housed in a shelter ing standard and proprietary frequency Deployed in River Pollution Crisis on the flight deck. A second shelter, in hopping waveforms, as well as radio (ck) Schiebel’s CAMCOPTER® S-100 was the aviation hangar, was used for vehicle communication in line with all relevant deployed as a first emergency response maintenance. “Our goal was to study the NATO standards. Military data transmis- providing critical situational information dur- impact of its presence on board and evalu- sion methods such as LINK 11 and LINK ate the safety measures before expand- 22 are supported. To ensure that exist- ing the range of its functions”, explains ing radio communications systems remain Audrey Hirschfeld, Work Package Manag- up-to-date, their functionality can be er, who is working on the programme for enhanced through subsequent software Photo: Schiebel new operational capacities on amphibious updates and, if necessary, by using new helicopter carriers. The trials took place in hardware modules. The SDRs are in use May 2017, off the coast of Montpellier. with international navies, and in mobile “Gathered on the visual defence bridge, military and civil ATC tower applications at dusk, all eyes fixed on the drone, we around the world. ing the Kim Kim river toxic pollution crisis all held our breath until it took off”, re- in . In March 2019 more than two counts the engineer, recalling the emotion Rheinmetall to Supply the tons of illegal chemical waste were dumped of the teams in front of the screens of the Bundeswehr with 1,000 trucks in the Kim Kim river, which is located near Operations Control Room, which showed (ck) At the end of December 2019, the Johor, the largest industrial area in the South the images from the drone’s camera. “It German Bundeswehr ordered a thousand of Malaysia. As a result, toxic fumes were was our best reward”, she continues. With logistic vehicles from Rheinmetall worth released throughout the adjoining area af- some great successes in the FREMM frig- €382M. The order is the third call-off from fecting more than 6,000 people with many ates and GOWIND® corvette programs a framework contract, signed in July 2017, being hospitalised and numerous schools under her arm, Audrey Hirschfeld was one encompassing over 2,200 military trucks being closed. In collaboration with the Ma- which the Bundeswehr is purchasing as laysian Armed Forces the Malaysian Ministry of Energy, Science, Technology, Environment and Climate Change (MESTECC) called for a first emergency disaster response to ana- lyse and scan the polluted river and adjoin- Photo: Naval Group ing area. The CAMCOPTER® S-100 was the Photo: Rheinmetall Unmanned Air System (UAS) of choice and was deployed from March to September 2019 to gain situational information. The UAS was operated by day and night for a part of its “Unprotected Transport Vehi- total of approximately 30 flight hours. The of the first to join the project, attracted cles” project. Of the thousand vehicles CAMCOPTER® S-100 was equipped with FLIR by the collective challenge. This first trial ordered in December, 675 have a five-ton Systems Star SAFIRE 380-HDc, which delivers campaign has proven convincing: Naval payload, while the remaining 325 have a stabilised multi-spectral imaging and intelli- Group has been entrusted with the study load-carrying capacity of 15 tons. Starting gence functions. and sustainable integration of the drone in January 2020, the trucks will be built system into the helicopter carrier’s combat at the Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles Drone Systems, a Rising system. Further campaigns confirmed the GmbH (RMMV) plant in Vienna, with de- Activity of Naval Group expectations. Embarked on the Corymbe liveries to be completed by the end of the (pb) Exploring new on-board operation- mission in September 2017, in the Gulf year. Most of the principal components al capabilities : this is the challenge ad- of Guinea, followed by the Jeanne d’Arc – the engines, axles, transmissions and dressed by the Naval Group teams in close campaign, the drone system gradually re- build-ons – are made in Germany. Fea- collaboration with the French Defence vealed its full potential for surveillance and turing a basic military configuration, these Procurement Agency and the French Na- reconnaissance missions. In the medium robust, off-road-capable vehicles will be vy. Different design, development and de- term, a complete drone system – with two available to support the Bundeswehr’s ployment activities are centred around the airborne vehicles, new payloads – should Very High Readiness Joint Task Force (VJTF) integration of drones on board vessels. equip each helicopter carrier. Integration 2023 mission. Awarded by the Federal Of- The challenge is a stimulating one: the on the TONNERE is foreseen for 2020 and fice for Bundeswehr Equipment, Informa- projects are advancing quickly and new the deployment on board the MISTRAL tion Technology and In-Service Support opportunities are opening up on the inter- could follow soon after, while at the same (BAAINBw) on 5 July 2017, the framework national markets. The "adventure" started time offers on the international market contract, which covers a period of seven in 2016. As a result of successful experi- are underway.

8 European Security & Defence · 2/2020 Marketing-Report: ZASTAVA ARMS

Modular Combat System (MCS) by ZASTAVA ARMS,

Following the trends in tactical require- cation is reflected in the design of the ments for the use of automatic , cross latch on the receiver, which allows Zastava Arms has developed a new MCS easy and quick replacement of the bar- model. Compared to other manufactur- rel, without disassembling the and ers, Zastava Arms went a step further by without the use of tools. In addition offering a rifle that, in addition to easy to barrels in different calibres, within a barrel replacement and the ability to use single calibre, there are different barrel barrels of different lengths, also allows lengths (254mm and 415mm), allowing for calibre change and the choice be- the rifle to quickly adapt to a variety of tween a conventional 7.62x39mm and a combat situations, so that basically the new 6.5mm calibre. At the same time, same weapon can be used as a subma-

leasing the grip in combat. The positions of the selector are safe, semi-automatic and automatic. The rifle has no integrat- ed iron sights, but a long on

Photo: Zastava Arms the cover allows the sights to be mounted