Annual Review 2008 from the DIRECTOR-GENERAL

Published by Institute for Molecular Science National Institutes of Natural Sciences Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan Phone: +81-564-55-7418 (Secretary Room) Fax: +81-564-54-2254 (Secretary Room) URL: http://www.ims.ac.jp/ Editorial Committee 2008 Chairperson KIMURA, Shin-ichi Vice-Chairperson HISHIKAWA, Akiyoshi ISHIDA, Tateki YOSHIDA, Norio HASEGAWA, Hirokazu ADACHI, Masahiro ISHIZUKI, Hideki NAKAGAWA, Takeshi ISHIZUKA, Tomoya SAKAMOTO, Youichi TERO, Ryugo OSAKO, Takao YOSHIOKA, Shiro KAMO, Kyoko NAKAMURA, Rie Annual Review 2008 FROM THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL The style of IMS Annual Review was largely modified from the last issue, and we believe that this new style is much more attractive and informative. The re-structuring of IMS into four Departments and seven Research Centers has been functioning nicely and stimulated new collaborations. In addition to the four special programs going on, two new ones supported by the MEXT have started this fiscal year: (i) “Networked Laboratories for the Frontiers of Photon Science and Technology” in collaboration with the Advanced Photon Research Center of Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Osaka University and Kyoto University, and (ii) “Quantum Beam Development Program” in collaboration with Kyoto University and Nagoya University. The network system for efficient mutual use of experimental equipments covering 72 universities has been upgraded so that users can utilize the system with high usability and security. We really hope that this system will be strongly financially supported so that the basic research activities in Japan can be kept and further promoted. In this 2008 fiscal year four new faculty members have joined us: Professor Masahiro HIRAMOTO, Professor Koichi KATO, Professor Masahiro EHARA, and Associate Professor Mizuki TADA (from October). Two more new members are expected in the latter half of this fiscal year. Although the severe financial circumstances are still continuing because of the tight financial condition of the government, we always have to strive to carry out excellent researches at IMS as a Center of Excellence. This volume of Annual Review is a summary of research activities performed at IMS in the period of September 2007–August 2008. As usual a lot of activities are going on and we are proud of that. Any constructive comments and/or questions are welcome. It is also a great pleasure to announce that many colleagues received various prizes as explained in this volume. September, 2008 NAKAMURA, Hiroki Director-General, Institute for Molecular Science i Annual Review 2008 CONTENTS FROM THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL i CONTENTS ii ORGANIZATION 1 COUNCIL 2 ACTIVITIES IN EDUCATION AND COLLABORATION 4 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES 5 Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science 5 Photo-Molecular Science 25 Materials Molecular Science 49 Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science 75 RESEARCH FACILITIES 95 UVSOR Facility 96 Research Center for Molecular Scale Nanoscience 98 Laser Research Center for Molecular Science 99 Instrument Center 100 Equipment Development Center 101 Research Center for Computational Science 103 Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience 104 Safety Office 105 SUPPORTING STAFF 106 PROGRAMS 107 Special Research Projects 107 Okazaki Conference 111 Joint Study Programs 112 Collaboration Programs 116 AWARDS 118 LIST OF VISITING FOREIGN SCHOLARS 119 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 121 LIST OF REVIEW ARTICLES AND TEXTBOOKS 130 INDEX 132 MAPS AND DIRECTIONS 133 ii ORGANIZATION Annual Review 2008 1 COUNCIL NAKAMURA, Hiroki Director-General Councillors KATO, Shinichi Chief Executive Officer, Toyota Central Research & Development Laboratories, Inc. TSUCHIYA, Soji Professor Emeritus, Tokyo University; Visiting Professor, National Chiao Tung University TOKITOH, Norihiro Director, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University TANAKA, Hiroaki Culture News Editor, The Chunichi Shinbun Press MILLER, William H.* Professor, University of California, Barkeley LAUBEREAU, Alfred* Professor, Technische Universität München The Council is the advisory board for the Director-General. * Two of the councillors are selected among distinguished foreign scientists. Distinguished Consultants NAGAKURA, Saburo Professor Emeritus, Institute for Molecular Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, and The University of Tokyo INOKUCHI, Hiroo Advisor, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ITO, Mitsuo Professor Emeritus, Institute for Molecular Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, and Tohoku University KAYA, Koji Director, Advanced Computational Science Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute Research Consultants HIROTA, Noboru Professor Emeritus, Kyoto University KONDOW, Tamotsu Visiting Professor, Toyota Technological Institute IRIE, Masahiro Professor, Rikkyo University Advisory Committee EBATA, Takayuki Professor, Hiroshima University ENOKI, Toshiaki Professor, Tokyo Institute of Technology FUKE, Kiyokazu Professor, Kobe University (Vice chair) KATO, Masako Professor, Hokkaido University NAKAJIMA, Atsushi Professor, Keio University SEKIYA, Hiroshi Professor, Kyushu University SHINOHARA, Hisanori Professor, Nagoya University WATANABE, Yoshihito Professor, Nagoya University YAMASHITA, Kouichi Professor, The University of Tokyo YAMASHITA, Masahiro Professor, Tohoku University HIRATA, Fumio Professor, Institute for Molecular Science KOSUGI, Nobuhiro Professor, Institute for Molecular Science NAGASE, Shigeru Professor, Institute for Molecular Science NISHI, Nobuyuki Professor, Institute for Molecular Science OKAMOTO, Hiromi Professor, Institute for Molecular Science OHMORI, Kenji Professor, Institute for Molecular Science TANAKA, Koji Professor, Institute for Molecular Science URISU, Tsuneo Professor, Institute for Molecular Science (Chair) YAKUSHI, Kyuya Professor, Institute for Molecular Science YOKOYAMA, Toshihiko Professor, Institute for Molecular Science 2 Annual Review 2008 Administration Bureau KURATA, Yutaka Director, Okazaki Administration Office Director, General Affairs Department MURANO, Hiroaki Director, Financial Affairs Department HARADA, Eiichiro Head, General Affairs Division ISHIKAWA, Shinji Head, International Relations and Research Cooperation Division SUEMURA, Shinichiro Head, Financial Affairs Division SAKAMOTO, Kazuhiro Head, Procurement Division SHINOHARA, Kenji Head, Facilities Division Emeritus Professors NAGAKURA, Saburo Professor Emeritus, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies and The University of Tokyo HIROTA, Eizi Professor Emeritus, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies KIMURA, Katsumi IMS, Professor Emeritus, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology MOROKUMA, Keiji Research Leader, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University INOKUCHI, Hiroo Advisor, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency MARUYAMA, Yusei Professor, Hosei University YOSHIHARA, Keitaro Fellow, Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute HANAZAKI, Ichiro Professor Emeritus, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies IWAMURA, Hiizu Professor, Nihon University SAITO, Shuji Professor Emeritus, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies IWATA, Suehiro Fellow, Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute ITO, Mitsuo Professor Emeritus, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies and Tohoku University KAYA, Koji Director, Advanced Computational Science Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute KITAGAWA, Teizo Fellow, Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute KOABAYASHI, Hayao Visiting Professor, Nihon University 3 ACTIVITIES IN EDUCATION AND COLLABORATION Graduate Programs IMS promotes pioneering and outstanding research by young scientists as a core academic organization in Japan. IMS trains graduate students in the Departments of Structural Molecular Science and Functional Molecular Science, Graduate School of Physical Sciences, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI). By virtue of open seminars in each research division, Colloquiums and the Molecular Science Forum to which speakers are invited from within Japan and all over the world, as well as other conferences held within IMS, graduate students have regular opportunities to be exposed to valuable information related to their own fields of research as well as other scientific fields. Graduate students can benefit from these liberal and academic circumstances, all of which are aimed at extending the frontiers of fundamental molecular science and to facilitate their potential to deliver outstanding scientific contributions. For more details on the Departments of Structural Molecular Science and Functional Molecular Science, young scientists are encouraged to visit IMS through many opportunities such as the IMS Open Campus in May, Graduate-School Experience Program (Taiken Nyugaku) in August, Open Lectures in summer and winter, etc. International Collaboration and International Exchange IMS has accepted many foreign scientists and hosted numerous international conferences (e.g. Okazaki Conference) since its establishment and is now universally recognized as an institute that is open to foreign countries. In 2004, IMS initiated a new program to further promote international collaborations. As a part of this new program, IMS faculty members can (1) nominate senior foreign scientists for short-term visits, (2) invite young scientists for long-term stays, and (3) undertake visits overseas to conduct international collaborations. In 2006, IMS started a new program, JSPS Asian CORE Program on “Frontiers of material, photo- and theoretical molecular

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