Ghost Lights Of

HERBERT LINDEE

ike many other places, Texas has its share of reported lights. The two best- Lknown ghost lights in the state are at Saratoga and at Marfa. We at the Houston Association for Scientific Thinking (HAST) have seen both and have found simple causes for both. Explanations offered for the Saratoga and Marfa A The Saratoga and Marfa lights can look impressive and mysterious. Here is what causes them.

lights have included luminescence from human , swamp gas, Satan, UFOs, campfires seen from far away, piezoelectricity, mirages caused by temperature inversion, St. Elmo's Fire, ball lightning, the moon's reflection in water pools, the glow from bat guano phosphates, and phosphorescence from mineral deposits. Although simple logic dictates that there may indeed be more than one source of energy that produces strangely visible luminescence, there is strong evidence that what most tourists take to be ghost lights outside of these Texas cities is a phenomenon of no more subtlety than car headlights seen along a highway quite a bit farther away than the distance one normally encounters when perceiving such objects. Saratoga is a small town in the East Texas

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Map 1: Looking approximately south. (See Map 2, of dotted section.) Point C is a reference point. At point A. a car headed north comes over the rise. The lights then shine into the tunnel of trees formed along Bragg Road. Cars from B to A present a slight red glow with their taillights. piney woods, a part of the Big Thicket, growth of the trees above it and the an ecological treasure whose name thicket beside it create a tunnel of aptly describes its plant growth. Local vegetation as one peers down the legends claim the lights have been roadway in the darkness of night. At seen there since the times of the early night, if you travel five miles north Native Americans. Near Saratoga, into the tunnel and then look back, stretching seven miles across the you can see the lights from the cars forest floor, is Bragg Road, an arrow- as they round the curve on Highway straight former railroad bed about 787 (see diagram). To the naked eye, seven miles long. (See map.) The from such a great distance the two

Summer 1992 401 Map 2: Dotted section of Map 1. looking approximately west. At Position 1, the car's headlights do not enter the tunnel of trees along Bragg Road. At Position 2, the car's headlights are suddenly directed full force along Bragg Road. headlights appear to be one bright do something quite different. As the motionless spot in the middle of the car approaches, the headlights are first tunnel. The bright spot appears in the directed upward into the sky above the exact middle of the tunnel for a short tunnel of trees. When the car slips time, then suddenly disappears until over the rise, about 60 to 100 yards the light from another car takes its from Bragg Road, the headlights place. The duration of the pheno- suddenly are directed into the tunnel menon varies with the speed of the harboring Bragg Road. The viewer is cars as they travel along 787. A time- rewarded with first a slight glow and exposure photo of the Saratoga light then a sudden dramatic burst of light can be seen on page 528 of the October instead of the slow buildup one might 1974 National Geographic. The actual expect along a stretch of straight experience is eerier than the photo. highway. The lights do not appear to The slight rise in Highway 787 as be the familiar lights of oncoming a northbound car reaches the point at traffic, so they are often interpreted which its lights shine into the tunnel as mysterious. of trees produces a startling effect that This is what most watchers see as contributes to the eeriness of the the