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Mary in Film
PONT~CALFACULTYOFTHEOLOGY "MARIANUM" INTERNATIONAL MARIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE (UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON) MARY IN FILM AN ANALYSIS OF CINEMATIC PRESENTATIONS OF THE VIRGIN MARY FROM 1897- 1999: A THEOLOGICAL APPRAISAL OF A SOCIO-CULTURAL REALITY A thesis submitted to The International Marian Research Institute In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree Licentiate of Sacred Theology (with Specialization in Mariology) By: Michael P. Durley Director: Rev. Johann G. Roten, S.M. IMRI Dayton, Ohio (USA) 45469-1390 2000 Table of Contents I) Purpose and Method 4-7 ll) Review of Literature on 'Mary in Film'- Stlltus Quaestionis 8-25 lli) Catholic Teaching on the Instruments of Social Communication Overview 26-28 Vigilanti Cura (1936) 29-32 Miranda Prorsus (1957) 33-35 Inter Miri.fica (1963) 36-40 Communio et Progressio (1971) 41-48 Aetatis Novae (1992) 49-52 Summary 53-54 IV) General Review of Trends in Film History and Mary's Place Therein Introduction 55-56 Actuality Films (1895-1915) 57 Early 'Life of Christ' films (1898-1929) 58-61 Melodramas (1910-1930) 62-64 Fantasy Epics and the Golden Age ofHollywood (1930-1950) 65-67 Realistic Movements (1946-1959) 68-70 Various 'New Waves' (1959-1990) 71-75 Religious and Marian Revival (1985-Present) 76-78 V) Thematic Survey of Mary in Films Classification Criteria 79-84 Lectures 85-92 Filmographies of Marian Lectures Catechetical 93-94 Apparitions 95 Miscellaneous 96 Documentaries 97-106 Filmographies of Marian Documentaries Marian Art 107-108 Apparitions 109-112 Miscellaneous 113-115 Dramas -
Scandal Time by Richard John Neuhaus
1 Scandal Time by Richard John Neuhaus Copyright (c) 2002 First Things (April 2002). The Public Square The timing, it seems, could not have been worse. In last month’s issue I offered my considered and heartfelt defense of Father Maciel, founder of the Legionaries of Christ, against unfounded charges of sexual abuse. I meant and I mean every word of what I said there. Just after the issue had gone to press, however, scandals involving sexual abuse by priests in Boston exploded, creating a level of public outrage and suspicion that may be unparalleled in recent history. The climate is not conducive to calm or careful thought about priests and sexual molestation. Outrage and suspicion readily lead to excess, but, with respect to developments in Boston, it is not easy to say how much outrage and suspicion is too much. Professor Philip Jenkins of Penn State University has written extensively on sexual abuse by priests, also in these pages (see “The Uses of Clerical Scandal,” February 1996). He is an acute student of the ways in which the media, lawyers, and insurance companies-along with angry Catholics, both liberal and conservative-are practiced at exploiting scandal in the service of their several interests. Scholars point out that the incidence of abusing children or minors is no greater, and may be less, among priests than among Protestant clergy, teachers, social workers, and similar professions. But, it is noted, Catholic clergy are more attractive targets for lawsuits because the entire diocese or archdiocese can be sued. That is a legal liability of the Church’s hierarchical structure. -
Canon Law and the Response of the Roman Catholic Church to the Sex Abuse Scandals
Washington University Global Studies Law Review Volume 4 Issue 1 January 2005 Dark Days for the Church: Canon Law and the Response of the Roman Catholic Church to the Sex Abuse Scandals Kathleen R. Robertson Washington University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies Part of the Criminal Law Commons, and the Religion Law Commons Recommended Citation Kathleen R. Robertson, Dark Days for the Church: Canon Law and the Response of the Roman Catholic Church to the Sex Abuse Scandals, 4 WASH. U. GLOBAL STUD. L. REV. 161 (2005), https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies/vol4/iss1/7 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Global Studies Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DARK DAYS FOR THE CHURCH: CANON LAW AND THE RESPONSE OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH TO THE SEX ABUSE SCANDALS Within the past few years, a nearly global scandal has developed over allegations that priests and other religious personnel have sexually abused children.1 The scandals intensified when it became known that many in the Church hierarchy had not only covered up allegations, but also had reassigned abusers to work in different positions, often in contact with children. This scandal has stretched around the world, causing outrage and resulting in calls for reform by both members of the Church and the public. The Catholic Church has addressed the scandal in several ways, including settling lawsuits, removing those responsible for the cover-ups from positions of power, and creating policies to address the problem.2 However, the intent of the Church leaders to truly fix their mistakes has been questioned, as has the efficacy of the proposed solutions. -
John Jay 2011 Study on Sexual Abuse: a Critical Analysis
JOHN JAY 2011 STUDY ON SEXUAL ABUSE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS William A. Donohue President Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights Bill Donohue holds a Ph.D. in Sociology from New York University. He has published widely, in books and articles, on contemporary social problems. He has also developed college courses on Victims of Abuse and Neglect, and has taught several courses related to this subject. As president of the Catholic League, Donohue has written many articles on priestly sexual abuse and has discussed this issue on a number of radio and television shows. What follows is a critical analysis of the 2011 report by John Jay College of Criminal Justice, "The Causes and Context of Sexual Abuse of Minors by Catholic Priests in the United States, 1950-2010." Overview In the aftermath of the media blitz in 2002 exposing sexual abuse by Catholic priests, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) created a National Review Board and an Office of Child and Youth Protection to deal with this problem. The Review Board subsequently commissioned researchers from the John Jay College of Criminal Justice to study what happened. In 2004, the first study, The Nature and Scope of Sexual Abuse of Minors by Catholic Priests and Deacons, 1950-2002, was published. Now it has released its latest study on the causes and context of abuse. The initial study pinpointed the timeline when the abuse crisis was at its peak, roughly from the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s, and provided rich data on a host of important variables. What it did not do was account for why this happened. -
Also Suggest a Relatively High Level of Concern About the Issue, with Between 60% and 76% Characterizing It As a “Major Proble
852 CONNECTICUT LAW REVIEW [Vol. 39:809 also suggest a relatively high level of concern about the issue, with between 60% and 76% characterizing it as a “major problem that demands immediate attention,” and 80% calling it a “crisis.” 231 Recall that 2002 was the year that litigation documents in the Geoghan case were unsealed and widely reported in the media, abuse allegations skyrocketed, and the volume of litigation exploded from Boston to Los Angeles. Unfortunately, poll data can tell us nothing about the levels of general public awareness and concern prior to 2002. For this, we will have to rely on the venues and volume of press coverage, for which there is data available back to the initial coverage of the Gauthe litigation. ii. Media Coverage The venues and volume of press coverage may be used to gauge the level of public awareness and concern about an issue. Media scholars Shanto Iyengar and Donald Kinder, based on studies of television coverage, have shown that “those problems that receive prominent attention on the national news become the problems the viewing public regards as the nation’s most important.” 232 Political scientists Roy Flemming, John Bohte, and Dan Wood point out that “[r]elations between the media and the public are obviously reciprocal in nature. The media faces market incentives to follow events and develop stories that attract audiences. At the same time, public concerns over issues reflect in part the media’s coverage.” 233 Regardless of the direction of influence, however, media coverage—which can be measured by the placement, or venue, of stories and the volume of stories—offers a proxy for public awareness and concern. -
1 Protecting Children and Organizations From
Protecting Children and Organizations from Child Sexual Abuse: An Overview of Legal and Practical Issues Theresa Lynn Sidebotham, Esq. Telios Law PLLC Yet it is not our part to master all the tides of the world, but to do what is in us for the succour of those years wherein we are set, uprooting the evil in the fields that we know, so that those who live after may have clean earth to till. What weather they shall have is not ours to rule. J.R.R. Tolkien, “The Last Debate,” The Return of the King Child sexual abuse is an evil and poisonous plant with deep roots. It destroys the lives of those it touches. Because child sexual abuse is endemic in human society, religious organizations must devote time, energy, and money to stop the seeds from sprouting, uproot abuse whenever it is found, heal the wounds, and keep the organization healthy and whole. This paper examines the current landscape of child sexual abuse, then addresses prevention of abuse and wise approaches to investigations.1 Finally, it discusses sex abuse litigation. I. Current Landscape of Child Sexual Abuse Child sexual abuse is frighteningly common. Experts disagree on the percentage of sexual abusers among adult American males, but a conservative estimate is 1 in 10. Some researchers believe it is closer to 1 in 5. Even these figures may be low due to under-reporting.2 (By way of comparison, the number of priests accused from 1950 to around 2000 was 4 percent of priests in ministry, or 1 out of 20.3) Child sexual abuse in public institutions such as schools 1 A condensed version of this paper, entitled “Getting it Right, Healing the Wrong: Legal Issues in Protecting Children and Organizations from Child Sexual Abuse,” is scheduled to be published in the Evangelical Missiological Society Series, no. -
Clergy, Sex and the American Way
Pepperdine Law Review Volume 31 Issue 2 Article 2 1-20-2004 Clergy, Sex and the American Way Raymond C. O'Brien Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/plr Part of the Religion Law Commons, and the Sexuality and the Law Commons Recommended Citation Raymond C. O'Brien Clergy, Sex and the American Way, 31 Pepp. L. Rev. Iss. 2 (2004) Available at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/plr/vol31/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Caruso School of Law at Pepperdine Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pepperdine Law Review by an authorized editor of Pepperdine Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. Clergy, Sex and the American Way Rev. Raymond C. O'Brien* * Roman Catholic priest of the Archdiocese of Washington; Professor of Law, The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law; Visiting Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION II. THE AMERICAN WAY A. Church and State B. Adoption of the Charter III. WHAT HAPPENED A. The Victims B. The Priests 1. Theological Status 2. Sacramental Brotherhood 3. Quantifying Errant Priests 4. Qualifying Errant Priests 5. Accountability C. The Bishops 1. Financial Costs 2. Best of Intentions IV. BISHOPS' RESPONSE: THE CHARTER FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN & YOUNG PEOPLE A. The Definition of Sexual Abuse 1. Physical Contact 2. Interactions B. The Personnel 1. Diocesan Review Board 2. National Review Board 3. Office for Child and Youth Protection C. -
Healing OUR Church
Healing OUR Church Session 1: Facing the Truth We acknowledge the sexual abuse by clergy, the enduring harm to victims, the coverup by church authorities, and our feelings about these events. • Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People: http://www.usccb.org/issues-and- action/child-and-youth-protection/charter.cfm The Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People is a comprehensive set of procedures originally established by the USCCB in June 2002 for addressing allegations of sexual abuse of minors by Catholic clergy. The Charter also includes guidelines for reconciliation, healing, accountability, and prevention of future acts of abuse. It was revised in 2005, 2011, and 2018. • Frequently Asked Questions: http://www.usccb.org/issues-and-action/child-and-youth- protection/faqs.cfm The USCCB provides answers to frequently asked questions for parents, clergy, and victims of sexual abuse regarding Church teachings and current USCCB documents, policies and procedures. • The Sexual Abuse Crisis: video by Holy Cross Family Theater https://blog.familyrosary.org/catholic-central- episodes/sexabusecrisis?__hstc=21498980.53c2bfb55adac25c6eea51e195ef1c1a.1515078347 721.1540265648112.1540860190572.11&__hssc=21498980.1.1540860190572&__hsfp=2047 661649 In this “Catholic Central” video, hosts Kaiser Johnson and Libby Slater share their perspective on the sexual-abuse crisis focusing on how we as Catholics can face the abuse scandal, better love and serve victims, prevent future acts of abuse, and move toward healing, reconciliation, and reformation. • Church sex abuse crisis: What you need to know: https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2018/09/06/church-sex-abuse-crisis-what-you- need-know America: The Jesuit Review magazine, has provided comprehensive reporting, analysis, and reflections on the clerical sexual abuse crisis and has made links to their continuing coverage available to the public. -
Religious Education Congress Draws a Crowd
Marian Sisters Padre El Corazón Hold Annual BBQ Pio Relics a Dios Page 23 Page 6 Page 20 NORTH COAST CATHOLIC The Newspaper of the Diocese of Santa Rosa • www.srdiocese.org • SEPTEMBER 2018 Noticias en español, pgs. 18-19 National Review Board Calls for Lay Investigation of All Misconduct Claims Washington D.C., Aug 28 (CNA/EWTN News) - The body charged with advising the U.S. bishops on sexual abuse prevention has called for an independent lay- led investigation into all allegations of sexual mis- conduct in the Church and for revisions of the Dallas We will gather with hundreds of survivors, dozens of area churches and various first responders to celebrate the virtue of Charter. Hope in the midst of suffering and the promise of resurrection experienced by the Sonoma County body of Christ at large. The National Review Board (NRB), which is con- stituted by the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), issued the call in a sternly worded state- ment Aug. 28, in which it condemned a “culture of Together In Hope – October 7th silence” in the Church hierarchy. In a press release circulated by the U.S. bishops’ conference, the board, which is entirely composed of Event is a Firestorm of Prayer lay experts from different fields, said that they have been raising concerns about episcopal complacency On Sunday, October 7th to honor and remember with hundreds of survivors, dozens of area churches “for several years” and called for specific reforms. the Great Firestorm of October 2017, the Catholic and various first responders to celebrate the virtue Diocese of Santa Rosa in partnership with varied of Hope in the midst of suffering and the promise Christian churches in the Santa Rosa area is host- of resurrection experienced by the Sonoma County ing a prayer gathering at 2:00 pm on the Cardinal body of Christ at large. -
June 21, 2002 Vol
Inside Archbishop Buechlein . 4, 5 Editorial . 4 Question Corner . 21 Sunday & Daily Readings. 21 The Family Health Supplement . 11 Serving the CChurchCriterion in Centralr andi Southert n Indianae Since 1960rion www.archindy.org June 21, 2002 Vol. XXXXI, No. 36 50¢ Bishops set new diocesan rules, zero tolerance on priests who abuse U.S. bishops cast their DALLAS (CNS)—At a historic meet- U.S. dioceses. votes on the “Charter for ing in Dallas June 13-15, the U.S. They decided that all the nation’s bish- the Protection of Conference of Catholic Bishops ordered ops will devote Aug. 14-15 to penance Children and Young dramatic changes to protect children and prayer for their past failures to pro- Bob Roller CNS photo by People” at their meeting throughout the U.S. Catholic Church, tect children from priests who molested in Dallas on June 14. notably forbidding a second chance in them. They invited priests and laity to They approved the ministry for any priest who has ever sexu- join them in prayer on those days. charter by a vote of ally abused a minor. When the 239-13 vote adopting the 239-13. At left is Bishop After 11 hours of intense debate over charter was announced, Bishop Wilton D. John J. McRaith of USCCB two days, the bishops adopted a “Charter Gregory of Belleville, Ill., presi- Owensboro, Ky., and for the Protection of Children and Young dent, rose to address the bishops briefly. at right is Bishop John People” that all dioceses must implement. He called their new document “one of the S. -
Media Stories on Clergy Abuse
But Judging Credibility in Abuse Cases Is a Tough Call By Ann Rodgers-Melnick Pittsburgh Post-Gazette March 17, 2002 Bishop Anthony Bosco of Greensburg recalls shaking hands with parishioners after Mass years ago when a woman began shouting that one of his priests had abused her children. Bosco asked her to call the diocesan official who handles such complaints. An inquiry revealed that the woman had no children, Bosco said. That was the sort of allegation that diocesan officials deem “not credible.” But determining credibility can be much more difficult than that, bishops say. An accuser whose initial manner seems bizarre may be a true victim. The most agonizing cases pit a consistent story from a rational parishioner against a firm denial from a priest with an unimpeachable record. Credibility was at issue when the dioceses of Greensburg and Pittsburgh recently reviewed the files of all living priests for old allegations. The Greensburg search yielded vague allegations in the files of six priests that might have indicated sexual abuse of minors as long as 40 years ago. Two of the allegations have been deemed unfounded, two retired priests have been told they may no longer exercise public ministry and two priests remain under investigation, diocesan officials have said. After the Pittsburgh review, Bishop Donald W. Wuerl announced that he had removed several priests from ministry because of credible but unsubstantiated accusations made against them in the past. In announcing his decision, Wuerl said he was “raising the bar” of protection for parishioners. Previously, if a credible accusation was made against a priest but there was no other evidence of wrongdoing, the priest remained in ministry. -
A History of the National Review Board
A History of the National Review Board By Michael R. Merz A History of the National Review Board by Michael R. Merz Preface The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops commissioned this history in November, 2009, “to serve as an internal chronology” of the National Review Board. Its intended audience is present and future members of the Board, the Bishops’ Committee on Child and Youth Protection, and members and staff of the Conference. Because of a policy of rotating NRB members, there were no members in 2009 whose personal memories covered the entire history of the Board. Those changes, as well as appointment of new bishops and new members of the CPCYP and staff at the Conference make this history necessary. Hopefully it will be useful as an index to the people who have served on the NRB, the issues they have confronted, and their interactions with the Conference and its bishop members. The author served on the Board from October 2004 until June 2009, acquiring many personal experiences and reactions to events in the NRB history, many of which are reflected in this history, which ends with the June 2009 meeting of the Board. Nevertheless, this is not an interpretive history; the author was cautioned not to editorialize. Although this is a straight factual chronology, the author believes readers will be able to draw useful lessons from it so that the Board’s successes during its first seven years can be built upon and its less successful approaches can be avoided. Sources Information for the period from the adoption of the Charter to November 2004 is taken from the Board’s archival files at the USCCB and from Justice Anne Burke’s papers from her Board work, on deposit at DePaul University.