Job Analysis

What is it and how do I get started? •Agricultural Branch – ASSE

•Feed Truck Safety Video Email ideas to [email protected]

The Headlines Keep Coming

It’s time to make them stop! What is it? How do we recognize it?

Types of Risk Types

Safety Financial Psychosocial Ergonomic Physical Inherent Risk Inherent

Chemical Biological

• • • • • •

• •

Types of Risk Types

circumstances actionsto control or modify the environmentin absence of The The riskthat existin the

Inherent Risk: Inherent

Types of Risk Types

toxins microorganisms, viruses and/or Risk associated with

Biological Risk: Biological

Types of Risk Types

chemicals agents The risk associated riskThe with using

Chemical:

Types of Risk Types

skeletal body parts ligaments, cartilage and increase damagemuscles, to increase The risk associated riskThe with

Ergonomic Risk: Ergonomic

Types of Risk Types

mechanical or moving things Risk of being injured by beingof injured Risk

Physical Risk: Physical

Types of Risk Types

either physically or mentally the well being of the employee, Work related stress that affects that affects stressrelated Work

Psychosocial Risk: Psychosocial

Types of Risk Types

doing business Monetary riskMonetaryassociated with

Financial Risk: Financial

Types of Risk Types

impedessafety growth can affect that can affect inthe context of lackof action Includes all the abovethe but all alsoIncludes

Safety Risk: Risk

Reduction Transfer

Potential Impact Acceptance The Ouch Factor •Make someone else go ouch •Reduce the number of times you go ouch •Eliminate the big ouches •Live with the ouch

We must train people to recognize risk!

That is not as easy as it sounds. It depends on their: •Experience level •Knowledge •Risk Acceptance •By company •By individual

WHAT IS A JOB ?

• A job hazard analysis (JHA), is a technique to identify the dangers of specific tasks in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A JHA AND A JSA?

• A JSA – Job Safety Analysis is a term that is often used interchangeably with JHA. • Some safety people suggest they are different in that a JHA is used to review task within a job to prevent sudden injuries while a JSA is used to look at the job in its entirety for gradual injuries

PROS FOR DOING JHA CONS FOR DOING JHA

•It is a safety •Requires time and management tool commitment •Inventories •You may find out and in the things within your work place organization that •Develops Priorities “surprise” you! for action

Do you use ANSI/AIHA Z 10-2012, Occupational Health and Safety Management System Standard? Corrective Assessment JHA actions

Design Communication Audits Review

Employee Controls Participation and training Z 10 Do you subscribe to ISO 31000:2009 Principles and Guidelines?

Removing the risk Changingthelikelihood Acceptingorincreasing therisk in orderto

Avoiding risk by Avoiding deciding not to startor Changingtheconsequences Sharingtherisk Retainingthe riskbyinformed

decision

• •

pursue an opportunity

•

risk

continue withcontinuethe activity that givesrise to the

•

ISO31000:2009tells us howtodealwith risk:

• • • C O M M U M Establish the context N O I N C I A Risk Identification T T O I R O Risk Analysis N &

C R O Risk Evaluation E N V S I U E Risk Treatment L W T

ISO 31000:2009 Process Overview Why do I need to do it?

OSHA Says So Hazard Assessment required by 1910.132 (d) 1 1910.132 (d) 2 states; The employer shall verify that the required workplace hazard assessment has been performed through a written certification that identifies the workplace evaluated. Must include person who did the evaluation and date it was done. OSHA Does Say So! While this should not be our motivating factor in doing JHA, it is one that might help motivate us to completing them in a timely fashion.

OSHA Publication 3071 What about the other benefits?

•Work done on JHA can assist you in developing a better job description, which in turn may cause better hiring decisions

•It can assist you in training new employees as it helps you develop a of important training items to cover

What about the other benefits?

•It assist in accident investigation and incident reviews

•It allows you to define the correct way of doing a certain task enabling you to take corrective action (discipline) if necessary

Work done on JHA can assist you in developing a better job description, which in turn may cause better hiring decisions.

•Ability to stand for extended lengths of time: 60 minutes minimal •Ability to lift ## of pounds •Ability to wear a full face respirator •Other BFOQ’s It can assist you in training new employees as it helps you develop a checklist of important training items to cover It allows you to define the correct way of doing a certain task enabling you to take corrective action (discipline) if necessary. Step 3: Employee “SHALL” de-energize equipment according to SOP 134 on Lock out-Tag Out /shut down procedures How do you start? • Discuss what and why it is needed to gain upper management support and understanding

•Employees must be involved at or near the beginning How do you start?

•Supervisors must be on board with process •Time commitment for them •Time commitment for their employees •How will it affect the assigned work •How will it make their job easier

What is a hazard? A hazard is a potential for harm. In practical terms, a hazard often is associated with a condition or activity that, if left uncontrolled can result in injury or illness.

OSHA Publication 3071 What is an Analysis?

A system to recognize safety hazards in particular job tasks, figure out how to reduce and control the hazard to lessen the chance of injury or illness

It is more than identifying RISK! Where do I start?

• Jobs that could cause death or serious injury •Tasks that have high injury rates • Tasks that could cause catastrophic damage of injury • New jobs or task •Those tasks that require complex instructions Hazard ID ID hazards to equipment, property or worker

Risk Evaluate the seriousness of the Assessment – consequences of the hazard Severity occurring

Risk What are the chances of it Assessment – happening? Probability

Risk Mitigation Risk Take action Assessment – Is the risk acceptable? Accept risk Acceptability Reduce Risk Start Small

• The task of doing quality JHA is a big one for a large operation •Attempting to micro target all positions at once will bogged down the process •Start with simple JHA and then progress to more complicated analysis over time. JHA

Identify Control Audit Review Risk Risk What do I need?

•Some state you should use video and film the task being done. This is wrong. •You must use video. •Video will assist you in so many ways that it is virtually a requirement Video

•Video will allow you to review the task at your leisure. •It will allow you to have the tasked reviewed by others, even those that are not part of your organization, ie: ergonomic experts at your insurance company •It documents how the job is being done

Video

•The video can then be adapted for training videos •Videos are workplace concentric so they will be exceptional training materials •These videos can be voiced over to in second languages to assist non-English speaking employees.

:

where an an where

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jobs with thejobs highestinjury or rates; illness incident occurred but no one got hurt; jobs where you haveidentified standards; violations of OSHA jobs where there have been been have there where jobs calls” “close

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Considergiving priority to

jobs complex enough to require require to enough complex jobs instructions written jobs with the potential to cause to cause potential the with jobs seriousinjuries or illness, even such of history no is there if problems; human simple one in which jobs mistakeleadcouldto severe injury; are that new to your jobs or operation have been and changed; • • • • Questions to ask

• Who is responsible? • What can go wrong? • What are the consequences of something going wrong? • What are other contributing factors? • How likely is it to happen? • How can you do your job more safely? How to do it

•Break the job down into different tasks •Break the task down into different steps needed to complete task

Identify the hazards of each step. For each hazard, ask:

What can go wrong? What are the consequences? How could it happen? What are other contributing factors? How likely is it that the hazard will occur? Hierarchy of Controls

Job Location: Analyst: Date: Task Description:

While this form is certainly adequate to meet OSHA requirements

It does not give us the assistance in Hazard Description: building our: •Job Descriptions

•Training

Hazard Controls: •Procedures •Corrective actions for failure

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OSHA Tip of the Tip day: OSHA Steps:

• List specific rules, procedures that apply to the task and outline them on the JHA. • This will reinforce to supervisors, who are part of the process, what the rules/procedures are. • It will reinforce to the employee that there is corrective action associate with poor performance on safety

In conclusion, the JHA is a integral part of the overall safety management of an organization. It helps us comply with OSHA regulations and voluntary consensus standards such as Z 10 and ISO 31000.

It helps us build our own safety culture by outlining requirements to complete the job successfully that can assist us in hiring the right person, training them correctly and disciplining them when that fails.