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Job Hazard Analysis Job Hazard Analysis What is it and how do I get started? •Agricultural Branch – ASSE •Feed Truck Safety Video Email ideas to [email protected] The Headlines Keep Coming It’s time to make them stop! Risk What is it? How do we recognize it? Types of Risk •Inherent Risk •Biological •Chemical •Ergonomic •Physical •Psychosocial •Financial •Safety Types of Risk Inherent Risk: The risk that exist in the environment in absence of actions to control or modify the circumstances Types of Risk Biological Risk: Risk associated with microorganisms, viruses and/or toxins Types of Risk Chemical: The risk associated with using chemicals agents Types of Risk Ergonomic Risk: The risk associated with increase damage to muscles, ligaments, cartilage and skeletal body parts Types of Risk Physical Risk: Risk of being injured by mechanical or moving things Types of Risk Psychosocial Risk: Work related stress that affects the well being of the employee, either physically or mentally Types of Risk Financial Risk: Monetary risk associated with doing business Types of Risk Safety Risk: Includes all the above but also in the context of lack of action can affect safety culture that impedes safety growth Risk Reduction Transfer Potential Impact Acceptance The Ouch Factor •Make someone else go ouch •Reduce the number of times you go ouch •Eliminate the big ouches •Live with the ouch We must train people to recognize risk! That is not as easy as it sounds. It depends on their: •Experience level •Knowledge •Risk Acceptance •By company •By individual WHAT IS A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS? • A job hazard analysis (JHA), is a technique to identify the dangers of specific tasks in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A JHA AND A JSA? • A JSA – Job Safety Analysis is a term that is often used interchangeably with JHA. • Some safety people suggest they are different in that a JHA is used to review task within a job to prevent sudden injuries while a JSA is used to look at the job in its entirety for gradual injuries PROS FOR DOING JHA CONS FOR DOING JHA •It is a safety •Requires time and management tool commitment •Inventories Risks •You may find out and Hazards in the things within your work place organization that •Develops Priorities “surprise” you! for action Do you use ANSI/AIHA Z 10-2012, Occupational Health and Safety Management System Standard? Corrective Assessment JHA actions Design Communication Audits Review Employee Controls Participation and training Z 10 Do you subscribe to ISO 31000:2009 Risk Management Principles and Guidelines? ISO 31000:2009 tells us how to deal with risk: •Avoiding risk by deciding not to start or continue with the activity that gives rise to the risk •Accepting or increasing the risk in order to pursue an opportunity •Removing the risk •Changing the likelihood •Changing the consequences •Sharing the risk •Retaining the risk by informed decision C O M M U M Establish the context N O I N C I A Risk Identification T T O I R O Risk Analysis N & C R O Risk Evaluation E N V S Risk Assessment I U E Risk Treatment L W T ISO 31000:2009 Process Overview Why do I need to do it? OSHA Says So Hazard Assessment required by 1910.132 (d) 1 1910.132 (d) 2 states; The employer shall verify that the required workplace hazard assessment has been performed through a written certification that identifies the workplace evaluated. Must include person who did the evaluation and date it was done. OSHA Does Say So! While this should not be our motivating factor in doing JHA, it is one that might help motivate us to completing them in a timely fashion. OSHA Publication 3071 What about the other benefits? •Work done on JHA can assist you in developing a better job description, which in turn may cause better hiring decisions •It can assist you in training new employees as it helps you develop a checklist of important training items to cover What about the other benefits? •It assist in accident investigation and incident reviews •It allows you to define the correct way of doing a certain task enabling you to take corrective action (discipline) if necessary Work done on JHA can assist you in developing a better job description, which in turn may cause better hiring decisions. •Ability to stand for extended lengths of time: 60 minutes minimal •Ability to lift ## of pounds •Ability to wear a full face respirator •Other BFOQ’s It can assist you in training new employees as it helps you develop a checklist of important training items to cover It allows you to define the correct way of doing a certain task enabling you to take corrective action (discipline) if necessary. Step 3: Employee “SHALL” de-energize equipment according to SOP 134 on Lock out-Tag Out /shut down procedures How do you start? • Discuss what and why it is needed to gain upper management support and understanding •Employees must be involved at or near the beginning How do you start? •Supervisors must be on board with process •Time commitment for them •Time commitment for their employees •How will it affect the assigned work •How will it make their job easier What is a hazard? A hazard is a potential for harm. In practical terms, a hazard often is associated with a condition or activity that, if left uncontrolled can result in injury or illness. OSHA Publication 3071 What is an Analysis? A system to recognize safety hazards in particular job tasks, figure out how to reduce and control the hazard to lessen the chance of injury or illness It is more than identifying RISK! Where do I start? • Jobs that could cause death or serious injury •Tasks that have high injury rates • Tasks that could cause catastrophic damage of injury • New jobs or task •Those tasks that require complex instructions Hazard ID ID hazards to equipment, property or worker Risk Evaluate the seriousness of the Assessment – consequences of the hazard Severity occurring Risk What are the chances of it Assessment – happening? Probability Risk Mitigation Risk Take action Assessment – Is the risk acceptable? Accept risk Acceptability Reduce Risk Start Small • The task of doing quality JHA is a big one for a large operation •Attempting to micro target all positions at once will bogged down the process •Start with simple JHA and then progress to more complicated analysis over time. JHA Identify Control Audit Review Risk Risk Control Risk What do I need? •Some state you should use video and film the task being done. This is wrong. •You must use video. •Video will assist you in so many ways that it is virtually a requirement Video •Video will allow you to review the task at your leisure. •It will allow you to have the tasked reviewed by others, even those that are not part of your organization, ie: ergonomic experts at your insurance company •It documents how the job is being done Video •The video can then be adapted for training videos •Videos are workplace concentric so they will be exceptional training materials •These videos can be voiced over to in second languages to assist non-English speaking employees. Consider giving priority to: • jobs with the highest injury or illness rates; • jobs where there have been “close calls” – where an incident occurred but no one got hurt; • jobs where you have identified violations of OSHA standards; • jobs with the potential to cause serious injuries or illness, even if there is no history of such problems; • jobs in which one simple human mistake could lead to severe injury; • jobs that are new to your operation or have been changed; and • jobs complex enough to require written instructions Questions to ask • Who is responsible? • What can go wrong? • What are the consequences of something going wrong? • What are other contributing factors? • How likely is it to happen? • How can you do your job more safely? How to do it •Break the job down into different tasks •Break the task down into different steps needed to complete task Identify the hazards of each step. For each hazard, ask: What can go wrong? What are the consequences? How could it happen? What are other contributing factors? How likely is it that the hazard will occur? Hierarchy of Controls Job Location: Analyst: Date: Task Description: While this form is certainly adequate to meet OSHA requirements It does not give us the assistance in Hazard Description: building our: •Job Descriptions •Training Hazard Controls: •Procedures •Corrective actions for failure to follow training and/or procedures OSHA Tip of the day: When doing JHA list the SDS of all products that the employee comes into contact with during that task. With GHS, it is certain that OSHA will take a hard look at your HAZCOM procedures during an audit This is one way to be better prepared for just that possibility Steps: • List specific rules, procedures that apply to the task and outline them on the JHA. • This will reinforce to supervisors, who are part of the process, what the rules/procedures are. • It will reinforce to the employee that there is corrective action associate with poor performance on safety In conclusion, the JHA is a integral part of the overall safety management of an organization. It helps us comply with OSHA regulations and voluntary consensus standards such as Z 10 and ISO 31000. It helps us build our own safety culture by outlining requirements to complete the job successfully that can assist us in hiring the right person, training them correctly and disciplining them when that fails.
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