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Addressing the Problems & Solutions of Environmental Pollution Through Bioremediation

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Addressing the Problems & Solutions of Environmental Pollution Through Bioremediation ADDRESSING THE PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION THROUGH BIOREMEDIATION THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (PHILIPPINES) University of the DOST-Philippine DOST-Philippine Council Philippines Council for Industry and for Advanced Science and Los Banos Energy Research and Technology Research and Development Development NAST Monograph No. 18 Copyright© 2012. NAST. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without the permission in writing from the publisher. ISSN 1655-4299 Editor: Academician Asuncion K. Raymundo Published by: National Academy of Science and Technology (Philippines). 2nd/F Philippine Science Heritage Center DOST Complex, Taguig, Metro Manila 1631 Philippines Email: [email protected],http://www.nast.dost.gov.ph Cover photo: A mined-out area in Mogpog, Marinduque through the years, site of a bioremediation research project. Courtesy of Dr. Nina M. Cadiz, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Banos. DISCLAIMER The findings, interpretations, and conclusions made by the author do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Science and Technology (Philippines). PREFACE This monograph contains the proceedings of the First National Bioremediation Conference held on October 26-27, 2010 at the Traders Hotel in Pasay City, Philippines. The conference was a successful gathering of almost 200 participants from diverse and interested groups that shared their experiences and challenges in the field of bioremediation. People from the academe, who have been into innovative research by harnessing biodiversity in providing solutions for environmental rehabilitation and wastewater treatment, were in attendance. There were also participants from the industry like mining, leather and jewelry who affirmed their concern for the environment and who shared their experiences with regards to the application of bioremediation technologies. Some government officials, likewise, presented policy approaches towards integrating bioremediation technology in efforts to maintain a safer environment for their constituents. With 11 plenary sessions, 13 oral and 24 poster papers covering various aspects of bioremediation, the conference provided an opportunity for academe, industry, government and other sectors to interact and learn from each other. Overview of cases where hazardous wastes have affected the environment and how practical bioremediation technologies have been applied were presented. Practical and interesting tools for identifying organis1ns (plants and microorganisms) with new or improved bioremediation capabilities, as well as practical bioremediation technologies developed abroad and which could be adapted to Philippine conditions, were also presented. Information as to how the government is coping with the management of hazardous wastes and in which bioremediation could help were shared. The addition of sociological and health/toxicological dimensions in the presentations reminded the participants of the position of bioremediation in the stakeholder approach in solving environmental problems. I hope that this monograph will serve as a basis for future bioremediation efforts and as a reference for new researchers in this area. K.RAYMUNDO Chair, Organizing Committee Academician, National Academy of Science and Technology FOREWORD Pollution of the environment especially of persistent organic chemicals and heavy metals is a growing national concern. The obvious remedy is prevention of the pollution in the first place through public awareness of the health hazards; through legislation and effective enforcement, and swift, ':1.eavy penalties for polluters. The National Academy of Science and Technology in the exercise of its advisory mandate has seen it fit to assemble the country's scientific expertise to look into this growing concern and determine how areas that have been polluted can be rehabilitated and nursed back to health. They were tasked to inquire particularly on biological methods to restore degraded sites to complement physical and chemical methods. These proceedings are the outcomes of the conference organized by the Bioremediation Task Force chaired by Academician Asuncion K. Raymundo. We hope these will catalyze further efforts in developing technologies to contain hazardous materials in the environment. ([email protected]~ Emil Q. Javier President National Academy ofScience and Technology, Philippines ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ..................................................... Foreword. ii Welcome Remarks . 1 Message ..................................................... 2 Message ..................................................... 3 Message ..................................................... 4 Introductory Remarks . 6 Plenary Papers The Australian Experience and a View of the Changes from Wanton Destruction and Can't Care Less to Best Practice in Mine Restoration Augustine 1 Doronila .................................... 7 Evaluation of the Heavy Metals Uptake of Compost for Potential Application in Treating Mine Tailings in the Philippines Carlos Primo C. David .................................. 19 Best Practices of Philex Padcal Mine in Environmental Protection and Community Development Feliciano N Diso, Jr. 25 Bioremediation Efforts in an Abandoned Mine Area: The Mogpog Experience Nina M Cadiz. 33 Application of Bioremediation in the Clean-up of the Marilao­ Maycauayan-Obando River System in the Province of Bulacan Marlo D. Mendoza. 40 Ecotechnology for Restoration of Polluted Rivers and Lakes Sandeep Sudhakar Joshi. 49 Environmental Pollution through Bioremediation iii Bioremediation of Marine Oil Spills: General Guidelines and the Case of Solar 1 Oil Spill Resurreccion B. Sadaba . 63 Philippine Seaweeds as Bioremediation Agents Marco Nemesio E. Montano . 79 Adverse Effects of Pollutants on Health Lynn Crisanta R Panganiban ............................. 86 Human Ecological Imperatives of Bioremediation for Toxic Material Pollution Ma. Emilinda T. Mendoza . 94 Abstracts of Oral Paper Presentations Bioremediation of Industrial and Agricultural Toxic Materials ......... 106 Bioremediation in Aquatic Ecosystems . 114 Bioremediation of Mine Wastes ................................. 119 Abstracts of Poster Paper Presentations ........................ 124 Proposed Bioremediation Agenda ............................... 148 Closing Remarks and Summary ................................. 150 Organizing Committee ........................................ 153 Acknowledgement ............................................ 154 About NAST ................................................ 155 Solu!io1 of WELCOME REMARKS For many years now, pollution - on air, water, and land - has been one of our leading problems. Recently, it has become more serious because of rapid population growth, the aim for industrialization, as well as the production of more consumer products with hazardous chemicals. Unfortunately, there has been little action from the government or the private sector to a concern that poses grave .hazards to our health and the environment. The Philippine's National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), which counts among its members many of the country's leading scientists, and which advises the government and the public on scientific matters, has tried to anticipate developments in this profound, extensive public concern, before the problem becomes even more serious. Thus, a few years ago, NAST created a bioremediation team composed of young, accomplished, and promising scientists in disciplines, which interface with or are involved in bioremediation. The team is led by Academician Asuncion K. Raymundo, a leading light in her field of microbiology as well as an outstanding administrator for decades now. The group has already published results of its research projects, organized workshops, and networked with officials and groups involved in the same or related fields. Upon its recommendation, the NAST is organizing a conference together with the University of the Philippines Los Banos (UPLB). The Academy hopes that it will be the beginning of a multi-sectoral, broad-response to a problem whose implications are deep, wide-ranging, and can extend far into the future. We hope the participants and the different sectors of society learn more about bioremediation concerns because, in the end, this knowledge will be the key to the solution of many of our environmental problems. If this conference does its part in disseminating environmental awareness to key sectors of our society, it will have succeeded. For its part, the NAST will continue to do its role of informing our government and our people on how science and technology can contribute to a progressive Philippines. [email protected]~ Acd. EMIL Q. JAVIER, Ph.D. President National Academy ofScience and Technology EnvirnL!.1>.:ntai Pollution through BioremediatJZ:lil MESSAGE The Department of Science and Technology is pleased to welcome everyone to the First National Conference on Bioremediation. The event is highly important especially with the rising global concern to take care of the environment. With its theme "Addressing the Problems and Solutions of Environmental Pollution through Bioremediation," the conference aims to present interdisciplinary approaches that will help in the rehabilitation of the environment. More importantly, the event will focus on locally available solutions by featuring proposals from the Philippines' own pool of experts. Everyone should take
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