Montana Highway

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Montana Highway ^Stirling ^Wrentham ^Jaffray ^Skiff ^^Raymond Foremost ^ ^Etzikom ^^Magrath Cypress Lake ^Moyie 1 2 3 4New Dayton 5 ^Orion 6 7 8 9 ^McCord^ G l e n t w o r t h 10 11 ^^Bengough 12 ^Elko ^ Willow Bunch Lake ^Ferland Cranbrook, 30 miles Cranbrook, 46 miles Pincher Creek, 16 miles ^GleFnt.w MooadcL e o d , 2 7 m iles Lethbridge, 25 miles Lethbridge, 38 miles & Calgary, 159 miles Manyberries M edicine Hat, 63 Shaunavon, 29 miles Shaunavon, 16 miles Swift Current, 56 miles Moose Jaw, 104 miles Moose Jaw, 85 miles Moose Jaw, 76 miles Regina, 101 miles Regina, 76 miles Weyburn, 30 miles ^ ^Wood Mountain s e 36 ^ l Glacier National Park is open year-round. Logan Pass on Going-to-the-Sun r ^ i ^ e IMMIGRATION/CUSTOMS INFORMATION Robsart 18 3 Saint Mary ^ Lisieux m v Kootenai River 3 Road is closed to motor vehicle travel in the winter and for occasional Twin Butte er i 2 5 Spring Coulee 4 ^ ^Erickson Reservoir Warner Consul 6 28 5 ^ r v R 37 B ^Creston e i ^ All persons leaving the United SPatkaotweksi must report to ^ Vidora 36 ig 2 R v maintenance. Vehicles longer than 21 feet or wider than 8 feet (including M , i 95 6 2 ud Big Muddy Lake d 18 n R n Cardston Lake Val Marie Fife Lake y ^ Canadian Customs. All persons entering the United States a ^ mirrors) are prohibited on Going-to-the-Sun Road. Call (406) 888-7800 for o ^^ ^ Minton Yahk t Leavitt ^ ^ Oungre v r e s 18 Montana Highway Map e y must report to the United States Customs and Immigration Rock Glen 34 t Montana Highway Map WATERTON LAKES ^ 4 18 opening dates, vehicle restrictions, and bicycle restrictions. l 13 ^ s e t Climax Lake Alma l l 18 Claydon Frontier 35 i ^ NATIONAL PARK a e ^ 18 E Z W B Milk River Services. Persons must have proof of citizenship - a 501 ^ 18 ^ 2 m ^ Kingsgate Aetna 62 Bracken ^ 5 ^ Ba ^ R ^ 501 t ^ GRASSLANDS M ^ C 1 ^ BR 93 k iv r driver's license is not sufficient. Ports which are not open t 18 Big Beaver ITISH T il e l i r 4 Z CO e ^ LUMB 24 hour ports of entry Waterton Park Mountain View M iv 41 GRASSLANDS d Coronach e Port of Oungre 1 IA Port of er R ^ d e 24 hour ports of entry ^ Eastport Mil 24 hours have varying seasonal hours. Please call (406) Killdeer ^ l 18 , ^ k k Z Northwest Z ^ AKAMINA-KISHINENA A L e (406) 889-3737 Roosville h o s NATIONAL e 95 x t Onefour Orkney (406) 895-2620 Montana Vacation Regions 501 . MON r T d Y T o e n Pk 7705' AN Port of ^ A l PROVINCIAL PARK r N 335-2921 or (406) 895-2620 for operation hours. g Port of Regway x ^ 2 36 ^ Z i NATIONAL a Port of K Z ^ Upper Waterton e 501 R e 21 Z W k Chief Mtn F R Port of Port of v Robinson Mtn 7539' Z m E ^ S GLACIER COUNTRY MISSOURI RIVER COUNTRY i Big Beaver o N Lake T PARK Port of West Port of Coronach ^ Z ^^ N ^Z R Z A Roosville 24 hour ports of entry Fork 6 p ^ 501 A Carway A 6 T o Kintla Z 4 H B A ^ A ^ Poplar River 1 S r 37 ^ Port of Coutts PARK Z Port of Raymond Salt Lake U T t ^ Z ^ ^ , L. ^ (406) 335-2921 Port of Aden L Z ^ N T ^ KOOTENAI h ^ Port of Del Bonita S Z Port of y I Z ^ Flathead Lake - (B, C-2) At nearly 200 square RUSSELL COUNTRY Fort Peck Lake (C-9, 10). An inland ocean that S 4 ^ P D O 2566' Z Z ^ Port of Monchy ATCHEWAN Port of 9 K b AS 5 S ^ x A o K A Rexford Port of Piegan ^ Daleview ^ Therriault T Z ^ ^ Whitetail 8 Flat Lake 14 ^ I p T 1 Mt Cleveland 17 Z ^ Z Port of Wild Horse ^ Port of Climax ^ s Z Scobey 7 Comertown miles, Flathead is the largest natural freshwater lake stretches 135 miles through the Missouri River H Yaak T 6 Port of Del Bonita _^ ALBERTA ^ Z ^ Port of Willow Creek Z l Fortuna T ^ ^ Eureka Kintla Pk Port of Z 16 a o N T ^ Lake CANADA N W ^ ^ E Westby r Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail Interpretive Center (C-5). Located ^ 3 x 10466' 214 a ^ e r 511 s y e A 19 FLATHEAD 10101' ^^ ^ ^Z Port of Opheim s ^ A ^ N ^ ^ F Chief Mtn A C Breaks behind one of the world's largest dams. Fort i T Glen r Z Port of Z ^ MONTAN t Outlook Port of Whitlash ^ west of the Mississippi. e r 7 4 Z ^ Z ^ ^ Raymond ^ Miller Lake F l R U o a Z Port of ^ ^ 85 K y o Bowman e 9 4 Port of Morgan ^ i D R ive F midway along the Lewis and Clark Trail, the center focuses on relations between r b 213 S MONTANA M Port of Wild Horse i ^ 3 P 4 v Sweet Grass Dooley o I O a 10 Lake r GLACIER M i _ West Butte Port of Willow Creek 24 v Whitetail GREAT NORTHERN r i Turner Peck is one of the nation's best walleye fisheries and k Lake 6 I m c 4 R l UNITED STATES e Duck Lake . W M 567 k r O e c x 6983' Creedman Coulee National 14 U 10 the Corps of Discovery and the many Indian tribes they encountered, and on the t o RAILWAY BUILDINGS k n 13 374 M 5 Falls S T Babb il Croff 4 8 241 7 2047' E S 6 D Glacier National Park - (A, B-2, 3) Called "North A c I home to more than 40 species of fish, including R 4 E 19 Wildlife Refuge V 2 ^ M 6 I ^ 37 F ^ D B h R Lake 18 6 Thoeny Glentana o 6 Redstone 6 month-long portage around the five falls on the Missouri River near Great Falls. 1 i H Nasukoin Many Glacier Opheim ^ _ E ^ L A 2 3 5 ^ Flaxville ^ Plentywood Lowest 508 v k ^ Whitlash 11 12 Whitewater m rk Madoc a , x America's Crown Jewel," this natural haven is filled 552 ^ ^ northern pike, catfish, sauger, and sturgeon. C e Mtn 8086' 9 r T Gold Butte R ^ ^ 3 k Goose Hotel o ^ 5 ^ Archer e ^ point r Granite T a 248 Four Buttes e T ^ Quartz 4 ^ ^ ^ Sunburst i 232 Reservoir Richland 6 25 2 ^ F x W ^ 7 Writing Rock 9 5 v n 9 _ 6512' 10 5 2 n ^ ^ _ Lake Lower in Montana E 16 A 409 ^ ^ 5 a with alpine glaciers, sparkling lakes, deep forests, 214 e Hogeland h Park Buffalo Lake Lake 5 a 248 Navajo 7 ^ Giant Springs Heritage State Park (C-5). One of the world's largest freshwater Fortine T T x i 5 Historic Site ^ Mt Brown r _ St. Mary _ t k McGuire Mtn h G S ^ k El. 1820' L Lake Polebridge ^ A t a C Horseshoe 12 ge ^ e Lake 4 Chalet u R ^ e 10 10 7 Charles M. Russell and UL Bend National o 14 r w 2507' wildflowers, waterfalls and wildlife. The 52-mile 6991' Dickey F Lake o BLACKFEET A 9 6958' S e e 438 P ^^ 5 Coalridge C L Logging Lake e 4 Lake o springs, noted by Lewis and Clark in 1805. p X Koocanusa T ^ Sherburne S 11 S L Cr 4 7 a r p Scobey 12 k ^ ee k r Moyie x Trego l T S IL Mud Lake Turner 3 t l ^ Wildlife Refuges (C-8, 9). These wildlife-rich S 3 10 Lake a T 444 k C 9 7 a Peerless 5 k 517 ^ . a Loring e Going-to-the-Sun Road (open June to mid- 4 t GOING-TO-THE-SUN ROAD ^ 213 H 14 7 ^ er C r 1 Springs a 23 R h NATIONAL GL 6 12 ^ e ^ 6 S NATIONAL St. Mary C r r ^ Y M ^ e AC20 Hay Ferdig e refuges consist of prairies, pines, breaks and w a I 2 N d Logan Pass r A October) crosses the Continental Divide at Logan E k T 552 e C C.M. Russell Museum Complex (C-5). Famed Western artist Charlie Russell T R 4 217 Martin Lake D Trout Lake 5 1 e Kilbrennan i 5 Horse Lake 4 6 4 Sharp Lake ^ ^ 2^^ 3 ^ k c 19 L251 S I 6 516 Clear f R Stryker 6646' 215 ^ 7 e o E E Antelope t _^ Fresno 15 I T 233 H k badlands, and encompass a million acres of T 10 N Lak e C A M P 1 343 R S Lake Pass and traverses the scenic Garden Wall. interpreted the landscapes and lifestyle of Northcentral Montana in canvas and in Lake O A ^ Grenora 9 D 7 Lake McDonald St. Mary 10 20 Cre Kevin Lake Whitewater C ek Santa 4 7 13 T F 41 Oilmont 4 1 Reservoir North Chinook 9 R 2 L nk ^ 449 13 16 N A DISAPPOI NTMENT a ^ 255 i wildlands surrounding Fort Peck Lake. They r T 224 Thibadeau 7 Lake v 12 Reserve e R H ^ B 338 Brush bronze sculpture.
Recommended publications
  • Water Rights in Montana Handbook
    April 2014 This document has been updated to reflect Montana statute and rules as of April 2014. Montana Department of Natural Legislative Environmental Resources and Conservation Quality Council P.O. Box 201601 P.O. Box 201704 Helena, MT 59620-1601 Helena, MT 59620-1704 Phone (406) 444-2074 Phone (406) 444-3742 dnrc.mt.gov leg.mt.gov/eqc Montana University System Water Center 23 Faculty Court Montana State University-Bozeman Bozeman, MT 59717-2690 Phone (406) 994-6690 watercenter.montana.edu Acknowledgment Water Rights in Montana is a compilation of two previous citizen guides discussing Montana water rights—the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation’s Water Rights in Montana and the Environmental Quality Council’s and Montana University System Water Center’s Wading into Montana Water Rights. We would like to thank the authors of the latter guide, Michelle Bryan and Professor Gerald L. Westesen, for their significant contribution to this publication. i ii Disclaimer Water Rights in Montana should not be used as a legal reference. When in doubt, always refer to the MONTANA CODE ANNOTATED or the Department of Natural Resources and Conservation ADMINISTRATIVE RULES OF MONTANA.1 When making any legal judgments on the adequacy or completeness of procedure, always consult your own legal counsel. 1 Terms that are capitalized and underlined are further defined or explained in the glossary at the end of the publication. iii iv Table of Contents Acknowledgment ....................................................................................... i Disclaimer ................................................................................................. iii Background of Water Rights in Montana .................................................. 1 Montana Water Use Act ............................................................................ 2 Water Rights Administration ..................................................................... 3 Adjudication of Existing Water Rights ......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hay for Horses: Alfalfa Or Grass?
    HAY FOR HORSES: ALFALFA OR GRASS? Anne Rodiek1 ABSTRACT Alfalfa hay is an excellent source of energy, protein, calcium and some other nutrients for horses. Its concentrations of protein and calcium meet the nutrient needs of horses in high levels of production, such as growth and lactation, but exceed the nutrient requirements of horses in other life stages. Controversy exists over the best use of alfalfa in horse rations. Grass hays are also popular for horses because of their lower energy, protein and calcium concentrations. Grass hay meets more closely the nutrient requirements of the largest percentage of horses, the idle horse. Tradition plays a large role in the selection of feeds for horses. Hay producers can help educate horse people about what hays are most beneficial to horses in different life stages. Key Words: alfalfa hay, grass hay, horses, nutrient requirements INTRODUCTION Alfalfa hay has been both heralded and maligned as a feed for horses. Tradition holds that timothy hay and oats are the best feeds for horses, and that alfalfa and corn spell disaster. Alfalfa hay may not be the best feed for all horses in all situations, but it contains nutrients needed for many classes of horses. Grass hay falls short of meeting the nutrient requirements of high production life stages, but is an excellent filler for horses that require bulk in the diet. An understanding of the nutrient requirements of horses compared to the nutrient content of alfalfa hay or grass hay will help nutritionists, hay producers, and horse owners make informed decisions about what type of hay to feed to horses.
    [Show full text]
  • GEOLOGY and COAL RESOURCES of NORTHERN TETON COUNTY, MONTANA. by EUGENE STEBINGER. the Paper Here Presented Describes the Coal R
    GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES OF NORTHERN TETON COUNTY, MONTANA. By EUGENE STEBINGER. INTRODUCTION. The paper here presented describes the coal resources of a large area in Teton County,1 northwestern Montana, including the Black- feet Indian Eeservation and a considerable area of the country lying to the east. The scope of the paper is limited to a consideration only of those features having a bearing on the value and quantity of the coal present. The geology of the region is briefly described, the aim being to give a general understanding of the geologic setting in which the coals occur. Nearly all the rocks in northern Teton County belong to formations that are of the same age as others which, elsewhere in Montana, con­ tain almost all the coal found in the State. This fact led to several generous estimates as to the extent of the coal-bearing areas likely to be found in this region. Weed 2 and Rowe 3 have published maps on which the valuable bituminous coal area of the Great Falls field is shown as extending northward entirely across Teton County to the Canadian boundary. Similarly, the presence of an extensive coal field, long actively developed at Lethridge, Alberta, 50 miles north of the boundary, gave rise to forecasts that a southward extension of that field, following the strike of the geologic formations, would be found on the line of the Great Northern Railway in northern Teton County. The result of the present work shows that although the coal-bearing formation of the Great Falls field, the Kootenai forma­ tion, is present in the area here described, the only coal in it is a bed 6 or 8 inches thick in Marias Pass, also that although the horizon of the coal mined at Lethbridge is traceable entirely across this area, it shows only thin coal beds, nowhere over 18 inches thick.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowtail Dam and Bighorn Lake Long Term Issues
    RECLAMATION Managing Water in the West Yellowtail Dam & Bighorn Lake Long Term Issues Group Boysen Buffalo Bill Bull Lake YELLOWTAIL DAM, BIGHORN LAKE and AFTERBAY Yellowtail Afterbay Dam Substation Visitor Center Yellowtail Dam YELLOWTAIL DAM, BIGHORN LAKE AND AFTERBAY Yellowtail Unit • Authorization: Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944 (ch.665 Stat. 887) Senate Document 191—USACE/Reclamation plan for Missouri River Basin Development • Project Purposes – Flood Control – Hydropower – Irrigation – Recreation – Fish & Wildlife – Sediment storage Yellowtail Unit Project Purposes- Flood Control (Exclusive flood storage = 259K af), Coordinated with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Authorization: Public Law 89-664, October 15, 1966 Purpose “In order to provide for public outdoor recreation use and enjoyment of the proposed Yellowtail Reservoir and lands adjacent thereto in the States of Wyoming and Montana by the people of the United States….” BIGHORN RESERVOIR ALLOCATIONS Dam Crest Maximum Water Surface or Top of Surcharge Elev. 3660.00 (1,381,189 Acre-Feet) Elev. 3660.0 SURCHARGE - 52,829 Acre-Feet Top of Exclusive Flood Elev. 3657.00 (1,328,360 AF) EXCLUSIVE FLOOD CONTROL - 258,331 Acre-Feet Top of Joint Use Elev. 3640.00 (1,070,029 Acre-Feet) JOINT USE - 240,342 Acre-Feet Top of Active Conservation Elev. 3614.00 (829,687 Acre-Feet) Spillway crest Elev. 3593.00 ACTIVE CONSERVATION - 336,103 Acre-Feet FISH WILDLIFE RECREATION AGRICULTURE POWER MUNICIPAL INDUSTRIAL Top of Inactive Elev. 3547.00 (493,584 Acre-Feet) Powerplant Penstock Elev. 3450.00 INACTIVE CONSERVATION - 477,576 Acre-Feet Irrigation Outlet Elev. 3400.00 River Outlet Elev.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Quality Data Summary Report for Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Preliminary Analysis of 2011 and 2012 Data
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Water Quality Data Summary Report for Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Preliminary Analysis of 2011 and 2012 Data Natural Resource Data Series NPS/GRYN/NRDS—2013/482 ON THE COVER Field activities in Layout Creek, Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Photograph courtesy of NPS Water Quality Data Summary Report for Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area Preliminary Analysis of 2011 and 2012 Data Natural Resource Data Series NPS/GRYN/NRDS—2013/482 Authors Andrew Ray Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network National Park Service 2327 University Way, Suite 2 Bozeman, Montana 59715 Katie Kleehammer W. Adam Sigler Montana State University Water Quality Extension Land Resources and Environmental Sciences P.O. Box 173120 Bozeman, MT 59717-3120 Editor Nina Chambers Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative P.O. Box 2705 Jackson, WY 83001 May 2013 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Data Series is intended for the timely release of basic data sets and data summaries. Care has been taken to assure accuracy of raw data values, but a thorough analysis and interpretation of the data has not been completed. Consequently, the initial analyses of data in this report are provisional and subject to change.
    [Show full text]
  • Today's Missouri River
    DID YOU KNOW? The Missouri River is the longest river in North America. The Missouri is the world’s 15th- TODAY’S longest river. The Missouri has the nickname MISSOURI RIVER “Big Muddy,” because of the large The Missouri River has been an important resource for amount of silt that it carries. people living along or near it for thousands of years. As time went on and the corridor of the Missouri River was developed and populations increased, efforts have been There are approximately 150 fish made to control flows, create storage, and prevent flooding. species in the Missouri River, and As a result, six mainstem dams have been in place for more about 300 species of birds live in the than half a century, with the goal of bringing substantial Missouri River’s region. economic, environmental, and social benefits to the people of North Dakota and nine other states. The Missouri’s aquatic and riparian Since the building of the mainstem dams, it has been habitats also support several species realized that for all of the benefits that were provided, the of mammals, such as mink, river dams have also brought controversy. They have created otter, beaver, muskrat, and raccoon. competition between water users, loss of riparian habitat, impacts to endangered species, stream bank erosion, and delta formation - which are only a few of the complex issues The major dams built on the river related to today’s Missouri River management. were Fort Peck, Garrison, Oahe, Big Bend, Fort Randall, and Gavin’s Point. This educational booklet will outline the many benefits that the Missouri River provides, and also summarize some of the biggest issues that are facing river managers and residents within the basin today.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowstone Visitor Guide 2019
    Yellowstone Visitor Guide 2019 Are you ready for your Yellowstone adventure? Place to stay Travel time Essentials Inside Hotels and campgrounds fill up Plan plenty of time to get to Top 5 sites to see: 2 Welcome quickly, both inside and around your destination. Yellowstone 1. Old Faithful Geyser 4 Camping the park. Make sure you have is worth pulling over for! 2. The Grand Canyon of the secured lodging before you make Plan a minimum of 40 minutes Yellowstone River 5 Activities other plans. If you do not, you to travel between junctions or 3. Yellowstone Lake 7 Suggested itineraries may have to drive several hours visitor service areas on the Grand 4. Mammoth Hot Springs away from the park to the nearest Loop Road. The speed limit in Terraces 8 Famously hot features available hotel or campsite. Yellowstone is 45 mph (73 kph) 5. Hayden or Lamar valleys 9 Wild lands and wildlife except where posted slower. 10 Area guides 15 Translations Area guides....pgs 10–14 Reservations.......pg 2 Road map.......pg 16 16 Yellowstone roads map Emergency Dial 911 Information line 307-344-7381 TTY 307-344-2386 Park entrance radio 1610 AM = Medical services Yellowstone is on 911 emergency service, including ambulances. Medical services are available year round at Mammoth Clinic (307- 344-7965), except some holidays. Services are also offered at Lake Clinic (307-242-7241) and at Old Faithful Clinic (307-545-7325) during the summer visitor season. Welcome to Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone is a special place, and very different from your home.
    [Show full text]
  • Compilation of Reported Sapphire Occurrences in Montana
    Report of Investigation 23 Compilation of Reported Sapphire Occurrences in Montana Richard B. Berg 2015 Cover photo by Richard Berg. Sapphires (very pale green and colorless) concentrated by panning. The small red grains are garnets, commonly found with sapphires in western Montana, and the black sand is mainly magnetite. Compilation of Reported Sapphire Occurrences, RI 23 Compilation of Reported Sapphire Occurrences in Montana Richard B. Berg Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology MBMG Report of Investigation 23 2015 i Compilation of Reported Sapphire Occurrences, RI 23 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................................1 Descriptions of Occurrences ..................................................................................................7 Selected Bibliography of Articles on Montana Sapphires ................................................... 75 General Montana ............................................................................................................75 Yogo ................................................................................................................................ 75 Southwestern Montana Alluvial Deposits........................................................................ 76 Specifi cally Rock Creek sapphire district ........................................................................ 76 Specifi cally Dry Cottonwood Creek deposit and the Butte area ....................................
    [Show full text]
  • Through the Bitterroot Valley -1877
    Th^ Flight of the NezFexce ...through the Bitterroot Valley -1877 United States Forest Bitterroot Department of Service National Agriculture Forest 1877 Flight of the Nez Perce ...through the Bitterroot Valley July 24 - Two companies of the 7th Infantry with Captain Rawn, sup­ ported by over 150 citizen volunteers, construct log barricade across Lolo Creek (Fort Fizzle). Many Bitterroot Valley women and children were sent to Fort Owen, MT, or the two hastily constructed forts near Corvallis and Skalkaho (Grantsdale). July 28 - Nez Perce by-pass Fort Fizzle, camp on McClain Ranch north of Carlton Creek. July 29 - Nez Perce camp near Silverthorn Creek, west of Stevensville, MT. July 30 - Nez Perce trade in Stevensville. August 1 - Nez Perce at Corvallis, MT. August 3 - Colonel Gibbon and 7th Infantry reach Fort Missoula. August 4 - Nez Perce camp near junction of East and West Forks of the Bitterroot River. Gibbon camp north of Pine Hollow, southwest of Stevensville. August 5 - Nez Perce camp above Ross' Hole (near Indian Trees Camp­ ground). Gibbon at Sleeping Child Creek. Catlin and volunteers agree to join him. August 6 - Nez Perce camp on Trail Creek. Gibbon makes "dry camp" south of Rye Creek on way up the hills leading to Ross' Hole. General Howard at Lolo Hot Springs. August 7 - Nez Perce camp along Big Hole River. Gibbon at foot of Conti­ nental Divide. Lieutenant Bradley sent ahead with volunteers to scout. Howard 22 miles east of Lolo Hot Springs. August 8 - Nez Perce in camp at Big Hole. Gibbon crosses crest of Continen­ tal Divide parks wagons and deploys his command, just a few miles from the Nez Perce camp.
    [Show full text]
  • What About Hay?
    Small Ruminant Series What About Hay? by Dr. Rick Machen Associate Professor & Extension Livestock Specialist Texas Agric ultural Exte nsio n Service, Uvalde Rumina nts ( goats, cattle, sheep, deer, ante lope, elk, bison, etc.) are, by desi gn, grazi ng animals. Their rumen, the largest gastrointestinal compartment, is an environment wherein bacteria anaerobically ferment (digest) forages. This unique digestive process converts solar energy captured by plants into higher quality, more nutrient dense foods like milk and meat. Compared to harvest by a grazing animal, hay production is an expensive process, involving fossi l fuel, mac hinery and man- hours. Haying als o involves si gnificant s oil nutri ent relocation when compared to grazing. Protein ( nitrogen) and minerals harveste d and hauled off the soil of a hay meadow or field must be replaced if optimal hay production is to be maintained. Grazing, on the other hand, is part of a natural cycle. A portion of the nitrogen and minerals from the consumed forage is returned to the soil with urine and feces. So, whether it s feeding beef cows on the open range or goats in a small paddock, hay is not a supplement - it is a substitute. A s ubstitute for the s tanding forage or browse that makes up the diet of a ruminant animal in their natural habitat. As shown in the Table 1, the typical diet of a foraging goat ranges from !S to ½ browse and ½ to !S grass, depending upon season and availability of the respective forages. Goats are opportunistic grazers and will select a diversity of plants to result in the highest attai nable diet quality.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowstone National Park to Canyon Creek, Montana
    United States Department of Agriculture Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, to Broadview, Montana Experience the Nez Perce Trail Forest Service 1 Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, E NE C E R -M E P E to Canyon Creek, Montana - P 12 Z O E O N N L TM ATI RAI ONAL IC T The Nez Perce To Lavina H IST OR (Nee-Me-Poo) Broadview To Miles City 87 National Historic Trail 3 94 Designated by Congress in 1986, the entire Nez Perce National Historic Trail (NPNHT) stretches 1,170 miles 90 from the Wallowa Valley of eastern Oregon to the plains K E E Billings C R of north-central Montana. The NPNHT includes a N O To Crow Y Agency designated corridor encompassing 4,161 miles of roads, N A C trails and routes. 0 2.5 5 10 20 Miles Laurel This segment of the Nez Perce National Historic Trail from Yellowstone National Park to Broadview, Montana is 90 one of eight available tours (complete list on page 35). These N E R I V E Y E L L O W S T O R Columbus are available at Forest Service offices and other federal and 90 Rockvale local visitor centers along the route. Pryor As you travel this historic trail, you will see highway signs 212 E P d Nez Perce Route ryor R marking the official Auto Tour route. Each Mainstream US Army Route 310 Boyd Auto Tour route stays on all-weather roads passable for 90 Interstate 93 U.S. Highway all types of vehicles.
    [Show full text]
  • A Soldier and His Many Hats: the Evolution of American Military Headgear
    The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of Civil War Institute History 12-5-2016 A Soldier and His Many Hats: The volutE ion of American Military Headgear Jonathan E. Tracey Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/compiler Part of the Military History Commons, Public History Commons, and the United States History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Tracey, Jonathan E., "A Soldier and His Many Hats: The vE olution of American Military Headgear" (2016). The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History. 185. https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/compiler/185 This is the author's version of the work. This publication appears in Gettysburg College's institutional repository by permission of the copyright owner for personal use, not for redistribution. Cupola permanent link: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/compiler/185 This open access blog post is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Soldier and His Many Hats: The volutE ion of American Military Headgear Abstract Military headgear is a fascinating topic. It exists on a spectrum from the gaudy to the protective, but how did headgear evolve with the military? Interestingly, changes from the decorative to the practical can be examined through this blog’s favorite topic, the 1800s and the American Civil War. By tracing key changes in American military headgear in the 1800s, ideas about the nature of war, as well as how the United States was distancing itself from Europe, become clear.
    [Show full text]