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The Art of Staying Neutral the Netherlands in the First World War, 1914-1918
9 789053 568187 abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 1 THE ART OF STAYING NEUTRAL abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 2 abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 3 The Art of Staying Neutral The Netherlands in the First World War, 1914-1918 Maartje M. Abbenhuis abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 4 Cover illustration: Dutch Border Patrols, © Spaarnestad Fotoarchief Cover design: Mesika Design, Hilversum Layout: PROgrafici, Goes isbn-10 90 5356 818 2 isbn-13 978 90 5356 8187 nur 689 © Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2006 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 5 Table of Contents List of Tables, Maps and Illustrations / 9 Acknowledgements / 11 Preface by Piet de Rooij / 13 Introduction: The War Knocked on Our Door, It Did Not Step Inside: / 17 The Netherlands and the Great War Chapter 1: A Nation Too Small to Commit Great Stupidities: / 23 The Netherlands and Neutrality The Allure of Neutrality / 26 The Cornerstone of Northwest Europe / 30 Dutch Neutrality During the Great War / 35 Chapter 2: A Pack of Lions: The Dutch Armed Forces / 39 Strategies for Defending of the Indefensible / 39 Having to Do One’s Duty: Conscription / 41 Not True Reserves? Landweer and Landstorm Troops / 43 Few -
1574 Tunus Seferi Üzerine Yeni Bir Bakış a New Perspective on the 1574 Tunisian Campaign*
OTAM, 40 /Güz 2016, 129-144 1574 Tunus Seferi Üzerine Yeni Bir Bakış A New Perspective on the 1574 Tunisian Campaign* Emrah Naki** Özet Osmanlı Devleti, iktisadi ve stratejik sebeplerle Venedik’e karşı giriştiği Kıbrıs seferini 1 Ağustos 1571’de tamamlayıp Doğu Akdeniz’in tek hâkimi olmayı başardı. Fakat çok geçmeden İspanya Krallığı öncülüğünde Venedik ve Papalık devletlerinin desteğiyle kurulan haçlı donanmasına karşı 7 Ekim 1571’de İnebahtı’da hezimete uğrayarak Akdeniz’deki askeri üstünlüğünü geçici olarak İspanya’ya kaptırdı. Osmanlı donanmasına karşı elde edilen başarıyı daha somut bir zaferle taçlandırmak ve Osmanlıların Batı Akdeniz’le bağlantısını kesmek isteyen Avusturyalı Don Juan komutasındaki İspanyol donanması 11 Ekim 1573’de Tunus’u ele geçirdi. Bu bölge Sicilya boğazının diğer ucunda bulunduğundan, Doğu ile Batı Akdeniz arasındaki stratejik konumu itibarıyla kritik önemi haiz olan Tunus’un geri alınması Osmanlı devleti için zaruriydi. Bu hamle ile Osmanlı Devleti hem İnebahtı’da kaybettiği itibarını tekrar kazanmış olacak, hem de Doğu ve Batı Akdeniz arasında gemilerini çok daha rahat ve güvenli bir şekilde yüzdürerek en batıdaki topraklar hariç Kuzey Afrika’nın tamamında hâkimiyetini muhafaza edecekti. Bu bağlamda, kanlı bir mücadeleden sonra 13 Eylül 1574’de tekrar Osmanlı hâkimiyetine geçen Tunus’un fethi hakkında kaleme alınan çalışmamız, hem Osmanlı hem de İspanyol kaynaklarına göre bir muharebenin anatomisini karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde gösterme denemesidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Osmanlı, İspanya, Tunus, Halkulvâd, Akdeniz. Abstract The Ottoman State, having accomplished the campaign of Cyprus which it launched due to economic and strategic reasons against Venice * Bu makale 27-28 Mayıs 2016 tarihinde gerçekleşen "8. Türk Deniz Ticareti Tarihi Sempozyumunda" bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. -
Ancient, British and World Coins War Medals and Decorations Historical Medals Banknotes
Ancient, British and World Coins War Medals and Decorations Historical Medals Banknotes To be sold by auction at: The Westbury Hotel Bond Street London W1S 2YF Days of Sale: Wednesday 13th November 2002 10.00 am, 11.30 am, 2.30 pm Thursday 14th November 2002 10.00 am Public viewing: 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Monday 11th November 2002 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Tuesday 12th November 2002 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Or by previous appointment Catalogue price £10 Enquiries: James Morton, Tom Eden, Paul Wood or Stephen Lloyd Cover illustrations: Lots 767-786 (front); Lot 522 (back) Front cover photography by Ken Adlard in association with 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Tel.: +44 (0)20 7493 5344 Fax: +44 (0)20 7495 6325 E-mail: [email protected] www.mortonandeden.com Important Information for Buyers All lots are offered subject to Morton & Eden Ltd.’s Conditions of Business and to reserves. Estimates are published as a guide only and are subject to review. The actual hammer price of a lot may well be higher or lower than the range of figures given and there are no fixed “starting prices”. A Buyer’s Premium of 15% is applicable to all lots in this sale. Excepting lots sold under “temporary import” rules which are marked with the symbol ‡ (see below), the Buyer’s Premium is subject to VAT at the standard rate (currently 17½%). Lots are offered for sale under the auctioneer’s margin scheme and VAT on the Buyer’s Premium is payable by all buyers. -
Ancient, Islamic, British and World Coins Historical Medals and Banknotes
Ancient, Islamic, British and World Coins Historical Medals and Banknotes To be sold by auction at: Sotheby’s, in the Upper Grosvenor Gallery The Aeolian Hall, Bloomfield Place New Bond Street London W1 Day of Sale: Thursday 29 November 2007 10.00 am and 2.00 pm Public viewing: 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Friday 23 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Monday 26 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Tuesday 27 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Wednesday 28 November See below Or by previous appointment. Please note that viewing arrangements on Wednesday 28 November will be by appointment only, owing to restricted facilities. For convenience and comfort we strongly recommend that clients wishing to view multiple or bulky lots should plan to do so before 28 November. Catalogue no. 30 Price £10 Enquiries: James Morton, Tom Eden, Paul Wood or Stephen Lloyd Cover illustrations: Lot 172 (front); ex Lot 412 (back); Lot 745 (detail, inside front and back covers) in association with 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Tel.: +44 (0)20 7493 5344 Fax: +44 (0)20 7495 6325 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mortonandeden.com This auction is conducted by Morton & Eden Ltd. in accordance with our Conditions of Business printed at the back of this catalogue. All questions and comments relating to the operation of this sale or to its content should be addressed to Morton & Eden Ltd. and not to Sotheby’s. Important Information for Buyers All lots are offered subject to Morton & Eden Ltd.’s Conditions of Business and to reserves. -
CULTURE WARS Secular-Catholic Conflict in Nineteenth-Century Europe
CULTURE WARS Secular-Catholic Conflict in Nineteenth-Century Europe EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CLARK AND WOLFRAM KAISER .,,~ ..... CAMBRIDGE ::: UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY IOOII-42II, USA Contents 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, AuStralia Ruiz de Alarc6n 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Mrica http://www.cambridge.org © Cambridge University Press 2003 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, List ofillustrations page vii no reproduction of any part may take place without List ofcontributors VUl the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2003 Introduction: The European culture wars 1 Christopher Clark and Wolfram Kaiser Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge The New Catholicism and the European culture wars II 1Jpeface Adobe Garamond II1r2.5 pt. Christopher Clark A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library 2 'Clericalism - that is our enemy!': European anticlericalism ISBN 0 521 80997 5 hardback and the culture wars 47 Wolfram Kaiser 3 'Priest hits girl': on the front line in the 'war of the two Frances' 77 James McMillan· 4 The battle for monasteries, cemeteries and schools: Belgium 102 Els 1Vitte 5 Contested rituals and the battle for public space: the Netherlands 129 Peter Jan Margry and Henk te Velde 6 Nonconformiry, clericalism and 'Englishness': the Un ired Kingdom ]. -
The City-Fortress of Valletta in the Baroque Age
8 Baroque Routes - December 2013 The city-fortress of Valletta in the Baroque age Denis De Lucca The Baroque age is generally considered et Supellectillis Ecclesiasticae formulated to have begun in the last third of the at the Council of Trent. It was also by no sixteenth century and to have ended in the accident that the building of the magnificent mid-eighteenth, covering the period of time city-fortress of Valletta, the new abode of the between the Italian Renaissance (and its Knights “facing Jerusalem,” was undertaken Mannerist sequel) and Neo-classicism. In just after the Great Siege of 1565 to create Europe, the Baroque architectural expression a heavily fortified focal point overlooking was an integral component of an aristocratic the Grande Porto di Malta, which contained culture incorporating art and architecture, the precious war galleys and arsenal of the religious and philosophical attitudes, political, ‘Religion of Malta’.According to the astrolabe military and social structures, geographical of a mathematician from Siracusa called and scientific discoveries, literary Giovanni Antonio Inferrera, the foundation achievements and ceremonial and theatrical stone of the new city-fortress of Valletta had displays. Towards the end of the sixteenth been ceremoniously laid by Grand Master century these different aspects of human Jean de la Valette (1557-1568)1at forty-two endevour started interacting together to form minutes to noon on 28 March 1566. This the basis of a new Baroque lifestyle historic event had been held at the end of This happened at a time when Catholic a long ceremony that had seen de Valette Europe was vigorously reacting to the and his retinue of Hospitaller dignitaries Protestant reformation and to the threat of leaving Birgu and advancing in a truly Muslim infiltration posed by the Sultans of the Baroque procession to the site of the present Ottoman Empire, which reached its maximum church of Our Lady of Victories where, it is expansion in 1606. -
Downloaded from Brill.Com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM Via Koninklijke Bibliotheek Library of the Written Word
Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800) Nina Lamal, Jamie Cumby, and Helmer J. Helmers - 978-90-04-44889-6 Downloaded from Brill.com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM via Koninklijke Bibliotheek Library of the Written Word volume 92 The Handpress World Editor-in-Chief Andrew Pettegree (University of St Andrews) Editorial Board Ann Blair (Harvard University) Falk Eisermann (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preuβischer Kulturbesitz) Shanti Graheli (University of Glasgow) Earle Havens (Johns Hopkins University) Ian Maclean (All Souls College, Oxford) Alicia Montoya (Radboud University) Angela Nuovo (University of Milan) Helen Smith (University of York) Mark Towsey (University of Liverpool) Malcolm Walsby (ENSSIB, Lyon) Arthur der Weduwen (University of St Andrews) volume 73 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/lww Nina Lamal, Jamie Cumby, and Helmer J. Helmers - 978-90-04-44889-6 Downloaded from Brill.com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM via Koninklijke Bibliotheek Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800) Edited by Nina Lamal Jamie Cumby Helmer J. Helmers LEIDEN | BOSTON Nina Lamal, Jamie Cumby, and Helmer J. Helmers - 978-90-04-44889-6 Downloaded from Brill.com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM via Koninklijke Bibliotheek This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. -
Laparellian Interventions to the Girifalco Fortress
1 LAPARELLIAN INTERVENTIONS TO THE GIRIFALCO FORTRESS Essa è d’una figura irregolarissima siccome ancora i di lei bastioni, perché si assoggettarono nel fabbricarla alle irregolarità del monte, ed hanno voluto da un altro canto profittare degl’antichi recinti. O. Warren, Raccolta di piante delle principali città e fortezze del Gran Ducato di Toscana, 1749 The original core of the Cortonese fortress, made up of a keep and the courtyard, rises for four floors in height on angular bastions, enlarged in the sixteenth century: Sant’Egidio, facing north-east towards the mountain bearing its name, ‘trunnion’1 lanceolate with two symmetrical concave flanks, relative to its main axis2; San Giusto, with a concave flank and a straight one; Santa Margherita, towards the church of the Holy Patron; Santa Maria Nuova with one perpendicular side, almost a half bastion. In addition, an external ravelin is open to the north-east, between the ramparts of Sant’Egidio and San Giusto. The site – hosting this figura irregolarissima by different builders - was surrounded by belted stonework3 in Etruscan times4, the most obvious trace of the antique Corito, which extended far beyond the present although not localizable. It is likely that there had existed an arce or propugnaculum, linked to the cult of the dead5 since pre- Roman times. The first documents that relate to the building of a strong and beautiful fortress6, date from the invasion of 1258, when destructio fit Cortone ab Arretinis et ars edificatur7. For some “instruments”8 in the Reformagioni di Firenze9, it is possible to hypothesise a pre-existing stronghold, the Gerfalco, ceded to Arezzo by the Bishop Ubertini as a reward for help in the conquest of the town. -
Das Verhältnis Zwischen Der Osmanischen Zentralgewalt Und Der Provinz Tunesien Während Des 16
1 Das Verhältnis zwischen der osmanischen Zentralgewalt und der Provinz Tunesien während des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts. Versuch einer zusammenhängenden Deutung der beiden ersten hundert Jahre osmanischer Herrschaft in Tunesien. Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Philosophie der Fakultät für Kulturwissenschaften der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Vorgelegt von Soumaya Louhichi aus Gabès, Tunesien 2 Je dédie le présent mémoire À mes parents, ma sœur et mes frères dont la patience, l’affection et le soutien m’ont toujours accompagnée et réconfortée; À mes professeurs, Madame Suraiya Faroqhi, Messieurs Heinz Halm, Abdeljelil Temimi et Moncef Ben Abdeljelil dont la bienveillance, la compréhension et les précieux conseils m’auront permis de mener cette entreprise à bien; Ainsi qu’à celles et ceux en Allemagne, en France, en Tunisie et en Turquie qui m’ont entourée et encouragée dans mes recherches, tant par leur aide au moment de la traduction, de la relecture et de la correction, que par les avis et les idées critiques dont ils m’ont fait part. Qu’ils trouvent dans ce travail l’expression de ma profonde gratitude. Tübingen, Juin 2007 3 Danksagung Am Anfang möchte ich allen, die mir beim Zustandekommen dieser Arbeit behilflich waren, meinen Dank aussprechen. Insbesondere gebührt mein Dank Frau Prof. Dr. Suraiya Faroqhi, die in liebenswürdigster Weise die Arbeit in allen Phasen ihrer Entstehung verfolgte und sie durch mannigfaltige Anregungen bereicherte. Auch möchte ich Herrn Prof. Dr. Heinz Halm meinen Dank aussprechen. Des Weiteren danke ich all denjenigen, die mich bei meinen Recherchen unterstützt haben. In Paris leisteten mir Prof. Dr. -
The Life and Times of Francois-Henri De Montmorency-Boutteville, Duke
King William’s Nemesis - The Life and Times of Francois-Henri de Montmorency- Boutteville, Duke of Luxemburg, Marshal of France Synopsis In a purple passage in his once famous History of England, Lord Macaulay referred to ‘the hunch backed dwarf who urged forward the fiery onset of France, and the asthmatic skeleton who covered the slow retreat of England’. The words are part of a florid description of the battle of Landen which took place in July 1693, and resulted in a French triumph. The victorious commander was the Marshal-Duke of Luxemburg, the subject of this book, the vanquished was William, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of the United Provinces, and King of England, Scotland and Ireland. The preceding two decades had seen many battles contested by armies led by the two, and the title above implies the usual outcome. In total, they were directly opposed in nearly a dozen major engagements, and King William never achieved a victory, though such was his resilience that he was never forced to leave the field for long. He was a towering figure of his age, changing British and European history not least by checking the ambitions of Louis XIV, but it was his fondest wish to be remembered as a great general; he is not, largely because he so often came up against one who was, namely the Marshal-Duke of Luxemburg. This is an account of Luxemburg’s long and almost entirely successful military career, which began in the train of another great French general, the Prince of Condé, in 1647 and ended in 1694 with a well conducted campaign of manoeuvre, a few months before his sudden death. -
Capital for the Safety of European Christendom: the Building of Valletta
RiMe Rivista dell’Istituto di Storia dell’Europa Mediterranea ISSN 2035-794X A ‘new’ capital for the safety of European Christendom: the building of Valletta Carmelina Gugliuzzo Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche http://rime.to.cnr.it Direzione Luciano GALLINARI , Antonella EMINA (Direttore responsabile) Responsabili di redazione Grazia BIORCI , Maria Giuseppina MELONI , Patrizia SPINATO BRUSCHI , Isabella Maria ZOPPI Comitato di redazione Maria Eugenia CADEDDU , Clara CAMPLANI , Monica CINI , Alessandra CIOPPI , Yvonne FRACASSETTI , Luciana GATTI , Raoudha GUEMARA , Giovanni GHIGLIONE , Maurizio LUPO , Alberto MARTINENGO , Maria Grazia Rosaria MELE , Sebastiana NOCCO , Anna Maria OLIVA , Riccardo REGIS , Giovanni SERRELI , Luisa SPAGNOLI , Massimo VIGLIONE Comitato scientifico Luis ADÃO da FONSECA , Sergio BELARDINELLI , Michele BRONDINO , Lucio CARACCIOLO , Dino COFRANCESCO , Daniela COLI , Miguel Ángel DE BUNES IBARRA , Antonio DONNO , Giorgio ISRAEL , Ada LONNI , Massimo MIGLIO , Anna Paola MOSSETTO , Michela NACCI , Emilia PERASSI , Adeline RUCQUOI , Flocel SABATÉ CURULL , Gianni VATTIMO , Cristina VERA DE FLACHS , Sergio ZOPPI Comitato di lettura In accordo con i membri del Comitato scientifico, la Direzione di RiMe sottopone a referee , in forma anonima, tutti i contributi ricevuti per la pubblicazione Responsabile del sito Corrado LATTINI Istituto di Storia dell’Europa Mediterranea : Direttore dell’Istituto Luca CODIGNOLA BO RiMe – Rivista dell’Istituto di Storia dell’Europa Mediterranea (http://rime.to.cnr.it) c/o ISEM-CNR - Via S. Ottavio, 20 - 10124 TORINO (Italia) Telefono 011 670 3790 / 3713 - Fax 011 812 43 59 Segreteria: [email protected] Redazione: [email protected] (invio contributi) RiMe , n. 4, giugno 2010, 672 p. ISSN 2035-794X Indice Dossier Sardinia. A Mediterranean Crossroads . 12th Annual Mediterranean Studies Congress (Cagliari, 27-30 maggio 2009). -
The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650
THE AGE OF WARS OF RELIGION, 1000–1650 THE AGE OF WARS OF RELIGION, 1000–1650 AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GLOBAL WARFARE AND CIVILIZATION Volume 1, A–K Cathal J. Nolan Greenwood Encyclopedias of Modern World Wars GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nolan, Cathal J. The age of wars of religion, 1000–1650 : an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization / Cathal J. Nolan. p. cm.—(Greenwood encyclopedias of modern world wars) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–313–33045–X (set)—ISBN 0–313–33733–0 (vol. 1)— ISBN 0–313–33734–9 (vol. 2) 1. Middle Ages—History—Encyclopedias. 2. History, Modern—17th century— Encyclopedias. 3. Military history, Medieval—Encyclopedias. 4. Military history, Modern—17th century—Encyclopedias. 5. Biography—Middle Ages, 500–1500— Encyclopedias. 6. Biography—17th century—Encyclopedias. I. Title. D114.N66 2006 909.0703—dc22 2005031626 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright # 2006 by Cathal J. Nolan All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2005031626 ISBN: 0–313–33045–X (set) 0–313–33733–0 (vol. I) 0–313–33734–9 (vol. II) First published in 2006 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984).